Evaluation of lower/middle tropospheric ozone …acmg.seas.harvard.edu/aqast/meetings/2012_jun/PM...Evaluation of lower/middle tropospheric ozone from air quality models using TES
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Evaluation of lower/middle tropospheric ozone from air quality
models using TES and ozonesondes
Greg Osterman, Jessica Neu, Annmarie Eldering, Jeff McQueen, Youhua Tang, Rob Pinder
∗ Jeff McQueen, Youhua Tang (NOAA/NWS) ∗ Rob Pinder (EPA)
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Project Objectives ∗ Evaluation of ozone, carbon monoxide
and other key fields from the EPA CMAQ and NOAA National Air Quality Forecast Capability (NAQFC) in the middle/lower troposphere using satellite data
∗ Characterize nighttime ozone aloft using satellite data and ozonesondes
∗ Evaluate the ability of the air quality models to capture nighttime ozone aloft and possible relationship to air quality events
∗ Case Studies: Analyze a set of air quality events and determine if there is a relationship to nighttime ozone aloft
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Data and Models
∗ Models: ∗ NAQFC Forecast ∗ EPA CMAQ 4.7.1 ∗ Time Periods – July/August 2006, 2008, 2009
∗ Evaluation Data Sets: ∗ Satellite data from TES (O3, CO, TATM, H2O), and OMI
(O3, NO2) ∗ Ozonesondes ∗ Surface monitors
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Launched 2004.07.15
TES Measures in Nadir Mode (~01:30 AM/PM Local Time): • Ozone • Carbon Monoxide • Water Vapor and HDO • Ammonia • Methane and Carbon Dioxide • Surface Temperature (Sea Surface Temperature)
TES on EOS-Aura
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Step & Stare footprints 45 km apart Special observation
Global Survey footprints 180 km apart
Transect footprints 12 km apart Special observation
TES Footprint 5 x 8 km
TES Nadir Coverage
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TES Observations – Aug 28-29, 2006
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Profile Comparison: Daytime on Aug 29, 2006
Huntsville, AL
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TES vs EPA CMAQ O3 – Aug 28-29, 2006
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TES Observations – Aug 16-17, 2006
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TES O3 Observations – Aug 16-17, 2006
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EPA CMAQ Curtains – Aug 16-17, 2006
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CMAQ, TES Difference: Aug 16-17, 2006
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∗ TES, CMAQ matches are nearest in time, latitude and longitude
∗ Model interpolated to TES pressure grid and observation operator (averaging kernel) is applied
∗ Only TES data that passes the master quality flag is used ∗ Pressure < 160 hPa ∗ Diagonal of averaging kernel > 0.08
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PDFs
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Max value of PDF reflects where we have the greatest number of observations > 15,000 points
TES, NOAA/NWS AQ Forecast Comparisons
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• Forecast model using forecast meteorology
• Older, static boundary conditions
• Will repeat using more recent dates
TES, EPA CMAQ Comparisons
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CMAQ-TES Difference – Aug 2006
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• Model is low compared to TES
• Most TES obs between 500-800 hPa
CMAQ-TES Difference vs Latitude
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Different Latitudes
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- Agreement is better between 30-40 N - Sensitivity at lower pressure levels between 30-40N
Clean vs Polluted Cases
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- Agreement better in polluted cases
Polluted vs Pressure
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Nighttime
- Most observations in the middle troposphere - Still see bias between model and TES, but lower at
peak TES sensitivity 22
∗ Status: ∗ Initial set of CMAQ, TES and sonde comparisons have been
completed ∗ Developed method of visualizing the comparisons ∗ Completed preliminary evaluation of aggregated model results using
TES for August 2006
∗ Next Steps: ∗ Continue comparison of August 2006 model results to ozonesondes ∗ Incorporate surface monitor data into comparisons ∗ Repeat analysis for other seasons, years ∗ Focus on nighttime ozone comparisons and identify case study
opportunities
Status & Next Steps
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Extra
TES O3 Observations – Aug 28-29, 2006
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EPA CMAQ Curtains – Aug 28-29, 2006
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CMAQ, TES Difference: Aug 28-29, 2006
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TES
Launched 2004.07.15
TES on EOS-Aura
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Air Quality Model Evaluation using TES
Elevated CO and O3 over SE Texas observed from TES on Aug 23, 2006
TES O3 TES CO
• TES resolves peaks in middle and lower tropospheric O3 and CO over East Texas
• Used to identify high ozone in middle troposphere • Assimilated (along with OMI and MLS data) into RAQMS 32
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Find lat/lon for Houston: 30N, 95W. lat 30.7607 31.1634 31.5656 31.9684 32.3703 32.7728 lat -93.5331 -93.8417 -93.9456 -94.0504 -94.1554 -94.2613
AIRS & TES CO – August 23, 2006
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Aug 23, 2011
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Aug 23, 2011
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TES Step & Stare - 4911
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TES Step & Stare - 4911
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0 6 12 18 24
Ozo
ne (p
pb)
Latitude
Surface Ozone near Longview - Aug 23, 2006
Surface Monitor
CMAQ
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TES Step & Stare - 4911
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10000 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Pres
sure
(hPa
)
Ozone (ppm)
Ozone Profile near Longview, TX - Aug 23, 2006
CMAQ
CMAQ (TES AK)
TES
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TES Step & Stare - 4911
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TES Step & Stare - 4911
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0 6 12 18 24
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pb)
Latitude
Surface Ozone near Beaumont- Aug 23, 2006
Surface Monitor
CMAQ
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TES Step & Stare - 4911
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10000 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Pres
sure
(hPa
)
Ozone (ppm)
Ozone Profile near Beaumont, TX - Aug 23, 2006
CMAQ
CMAQ (TES AK)
TES
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TES Step & Stare - 4911
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10000 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Pres
sure
(hPa
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Ozone (ppm)
Ozone over the Gulf of Mexico, TX - Aug 23, 2006
CMAQ
CMAQ (TES AK)
TES
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0
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Ozo
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pb)
Latitude
Ozone at Max TES Sensitivity - Aug 23, 2006
TES
CMAQ
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100020 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
Pres
sure
(hPa
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Latitude
Pressure of Max TES Sensitivity - Aug 23, 2006
TES
CMAQ
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TES Observations of Nighttime Ozone
Measurement Sensitivity
Day Night
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TES Observations of Nighttime Ozone
• June 2009 – Transect Special Observations
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TES Observations of Nighttime Ozone
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Wrap Up
∗ Just getting started … ∗ Model outputs received – July and August 2006 from EPA and
NOAA/NWS ∗ Beginning day time comparisons with TES and ozonesondes ∗ Systematic comparisons to models (daytime and nighttime) ∗ Select nighttime case studies
∗ First phase of INTEX-B (Feb-Mar 2006) ∗ SHARP campaign (Spring 2009) ∗ Global Surveys
∗ Use of TES+ OMI retrievals? ∗ Acknowledgements ∗ Aura 2010 Project Investigators ∗ Dejian Fu and Entire TES team
∗ Thank you!
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Extra
O3 in the Houston area on the morning of June 7 was in the range of 30-40.
TES Observations of Nighttime Ozone
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Model Evaluation using TES Tropospheric O3
Looked at mean of TES profiles for July in three areas:
• Northern CA/NV and Southern Oregon • Southern CA Desert • Pacific off CA Coast
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Must take into account vertical sensitivity of TES measurements when comparing profiles to the model
Model Evaluation using TES Tropospheric O3
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Evaluation: Ocean
• TES Step & Stare observation July 18, 2006 • TES data used with models can provide
information on transport of data across the Pacific 53
Ocean
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• TES shows lower tropospheric ozone than the model in the lower troposphere (5-15 ppb)
• Good comparison in the upper troposphere
Ocean
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Evaluation: Northern California
∗ TES shows reasonable comparison with model throughout the troposphere
∗ Surface monitor data higher than CMAQ for month at Lassen and Yreka
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Evaluation: Southern California Desert
∗ TES shows higher tropospheric ozone than the model in the lower troposphere (15-20 ppb)
∗ Good comparison in the upper troposphere ∗ Surface monitor data higher than CMAQ for month at Death
Valley, Palm Springs and Joshua Tree 57
∗ Preliminary Result – CAMx model higher than TES in lower troposphere