Step Up Efforts To Stop Invasive Plants. 3 Locate, map, and control invasive plants in your area. 3 Spot spray or mow invasive plants at the right times, using the most effective herbicide or technology. 3 Ensure that all material and equipment brought on-site is weed free. 3 Minimize disturbance to healthy vegetation and soils. 3 Clean off mud, seed, or other plant parts from all equipment between jobs or infestations. 3 Dispose of invasive plants at a landfill – do not compost. 3 Use native species in all plantings, if possible. *State Prohibited Noxious Weeds - M.S. 18.75-18.91 & 160.23 **State Restricted Noxious Weed - M.S. 18.75-18.91 **European Buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica Japanese Knotweed Fallopia japonica *Spotted Knapweed Centaurea maculosa *Canada Thistle Cirsium arvense *Purple Loosestrife Lythrum salicaria *Plumeless Thistle Carduus acanthoides *Leafy Spurge Euphorbia esula *Wild Parsnip Pastinaca sativa *Oriental Bittersweet Celastrus orbiculatus Queen Anne’s Lace Daucus carota *Common Tansy Tanacetum vulgare *Garlic Mustard Alliaria petiolata Photos: www.forestryimages.org
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**European Buckthorn Japanese Knotweed Rhamnus cathartica ...
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Step Up Efforts To Stop Invasive Plants. 3 Locate, map, and control invasive plants in your area.3 Spot spray or mow invasive plants at the right times, using the most effective herbicide or technology.3 Ensure that all material and equipment brought on-site is weed free.3 Minimize disturbance to healthy vegetation and soils.3 Clean off mud, seed, or other plant parts from all equipment between jobs or infestations. 3 Dispose of invasive plants at a landfill – do not compost. 3 Use native species in all plantings, if possible.
*State Prohibited Noxious Weeds - M.S. 18.75-18.91 & 160.23**State Restricted Noxious Weed - M.S. 18.75-18.91
**European Buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica
Japanese Knotweed Fallopia japonica
*Spotted Knapweed
Centaurea maculosa
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*Wild Parsnip
Pastinaca sativa
*Oriental Bittersweet Celastrus orbiculatus
Queen Anne’s Lace Daucus carota
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Native plant: Western prairie fringed orchid
Invasive Species, Pesticides, and Wildlife•Invasivespeciesthreatennativecommunitiesbyreplacingvegetation,alteringfoodwebs,andimpactingnaturalecosystemprocesses.
•Densestandsofinvasivespeciescanbecomeimpenetrableandprovidelowerqualitywildlifecover than native stands.
•Inordertoprotectbeesfrompesticideapplications,ownersofapiariesshouldregisterthelocationoftheirapiarieswiththestateapiarist.Commercialpesticideapplicatorsshouldkeeprecordsofthetimepesticideapplication began and ended.
Wild Parsnip Warning! - Whenworkingnearwildparsnip,alwayswearlongsleeveshirts,pants,gloves,andeyeprotection.Ifthesapgetsontoskinandexposedtosunlight,itcancauseblistersandburns.Inseverecasestelldoctortotreattheareaasathirddegreeburn.Thebestprotectionfromwildparsnipistorecognizetheplantandcoverskin.Gianthogweedcan also cause blisters.
Procedures for Moving Equipment - Field sanitation is essential to avoidtransportingseedmaterialoutofaninfestedarea.•Beforeleavingworkstation,visuallyinspectmower,trailer,andtowvehicleandremoveanyseeds,plants,andsoilwithabrushorcompressedair,includingwheelwells,grills,andblades.
Future Invaders to Watch For Toreportnewinvaders,calltheMDA“ArrestthePest”hotlineat888-545-6684orcontactsonMDAwebsitebelow.CheckMidwestInvasivePlantNetworkforothernewinvaders.
March•Contactlandownersadjacenttoroadsideprojects•Finishfrostprairieseeding April •Watch for: leafyspurgeinlateApril•Certifyherbicideapplicatorsasneeded•Springseedingofnativeprairiemixes•Spotspraygarlicmustard•ForbiologicalcontrolagentavailabilitycontactMNDept.ofAgriculture(leafyspurgeandspottedknapweed)andMNDept.ofNaturalResources(purpleloosestrife).
Invasive plants are a serious problem Roadsides are often vectors of invasive plants. Invasiveplantscanspreadrapidlyandformlarge,dense,single-speciesstandsthatreduceplantdiversityandwildlifehabitat.
Address the problem Road authorities are responsible for controlling prohibitednoxiousweedsandotherinvasiveplants intheright-of-ways.Roadauthoritiesandlandownershavetheopportunitytomakeourroadsidessafer,toreducetheriskofcontaminatinggroundwatersupplies,andtorestoreournativevegetation.
Solve the problem in a responsible way •Learntoidentifyinvasiveplantsinyourarea.•Preventinvasiveplantsbeforetheyarrive.•Earlydetectionandrapidresponsesavesmoney.Findnewinfestations,reportthem,andeliminatethembeforetheybecomeestablished.
Controlling Invasive plants Prevent the Spread - Preventing the introduction of non-native species is the bestformofmanagement.Invasiveplantsshouldbeexcludedfromanyconstructionsitebyusingcertifiedweed-freecompost,cleansoilamendmentsandmulches,weed-freeseed,anduncontaminatedequipment.Followingconstruction,monitorfornewintroductionsandcontrolimmediately.Whenworkingwithinvasiveplants,cleanshoes,andequipmentthoroughlybeforemovingtothenextsite.
Early Detection–Developaplanformonitoringinvasiveplantsatleastonceayear;aGPSunitisanexcellentmonitoringtool.Usefieldguidestoidentifyplants.Somenativewildflowerscanlookverysimilartoinvasiveplants.Localagriculturalinspectors,SWCD,NRCS,andDNRofficesare good resources.
Good Neighbor–Arethereorganicfarms,vineyards,orchards,apiaries(bees),orothersensitivelandusesadjacenttoaninfestedarea?Communicatewithlandownerspriortoinvasivespeciescontroltomitigateanypossibledamages.
Efficiency of Spraying vs. Mowing –Roadauthoritiesneedtoevaluatethevariousoptionsavailable,andselectthosewhicharethemosteffectiveandleastharmfultotheecosystem,topeople,totheirproperty,andtoculturalresources.Broadcastsprayingofroadsidesisexpensive,environmentallydamaging,andrarelynecessary.It’sineveryone’sinteresttoavoidallunnecessarypesticideuse.Usemechanical,cultural,orbiologicaltacticswhenpossible.Spotmowingmostinvasiveplants2-3timespersummerwillsignificantlysetthembackandpreventseedproduction.Spotsprayifherbicidesareneeded.Knowhowtousepesticidessafely,legally,andeffectively.Selectaproductthatiseffectiveandpresentstheleasthazardtowaterqualityandwildlife.Ifwindspeedsexceed10mphdonotspray.Avoidoff-targetplants,especiallynativewildflowers,cropsandprivateproperty.Inmostcasestheprojectshouldfocusonreducingthespreadofthetargetweedsbyeliminatingoutlyingpopulationsfirstandthenworkingtowardthecenteroftheweedpopulation.
Long-term Management–Onceeliminated,invasiveplantscanbereplacedwithnativegrassesandforbstohelpcontrolerosion,preventfutureinfestations,andtoattractpollinatorsandbirds.Plantcompetitioncanbethemostsuccessfulformofbiologicalcontrol.Plant native prairie seed after invasive plants have been controlled.
For More InformationMinnesotaDepartmentofAgriculture(MDA)NoxiousandInvasive WeedProgram651-201-6538 http://www.mda.state.mn.us/weedcontrolBiologicalControlinfowww.mda.state.mn.us/plants/pestmanagement/biocontrol.aspxMn/DOTHerbicidePolicy&Guidelines&InvasiveSpeciesInfo www.dot.state.mn.us/environment/forestry/veg_mgmt/herbicide.htmlMinnesotaInvasiveSpeciesAdvisoryCouncilwww.mda.state.mn.us/misacMinnesotaDepartmentofNaturalResourceswww.mndnr.gov/eco/invasivesNationalInvasiveSpeciesInformationCenterwww.invasivespeciesinfo.govUofMNExtensionPesticideSafety www.extension.umn.edu/pesticides/ WisconsinDNRInvasiveSpecieswww.dnr.wi.gov/invasivesMidwestInvasivePlantNetworkwww.mipn.orgForinfoaboutnativeplantcommunities,nativeplantspecies,andMinnesotaecology www.mndnr.gov/prairierestorationForterrestrialinvasiveplantinformation(MNDNR) [email protected] 651-259-5090ForMNRoadsidesforWildlifeinformation,plans,presentations,training, andlegalmandateswww.mndnr.gov/[email protected]
Forfreeroadsidesigns,brochures,annualyouthpostercontest, and nest box info: [email protected] 507-359-6035
Invasive species threaten our native flora and fauna, such as native butterfly weed and native pollinators.
Invasive plants, such as sow thistle are prolific seeders and have aggressive growth rates.
Spot mow or spot spray invasive species.
Peak nesting for grassland birds is April-July. Only spot mow for invasives during this time.
Map invasive plants in the field with a GPS unit.
Don’t spray within one mile of an apiary between 8 a.m. and 6 p.m.
What kills broadleaf weeds also kills wildflowers.
Remove seeds, plants and soil from equipment after working in an infested area.
Queen Anne’s lace is a roadside problem in southern Minnesota.
Definitions Invasive Plants–Anonnativespeciesthatcancauseeconomicorenvironmentalharmorharmtohumanhealth;maythreatennaturalresourcesortheuse of those resources. Not all invasive plants are Noxious Weeds and covered under theNoxiousWeedLaw.
Native Species–Anativeplantspeciesisonethatoccursnaturallyinaparticularregion,state,ecosystem,andhabitatwithoutdirectorindirecthumanactions.Mostnativeplantshavebeeninthesameareaforcenturiesorlongerandnaturalspreadcan continue to occur.
Noxious Weeds –Plantsarelistedas“noxious”bythestateorcounty.Theselistschangeperiodicallysoobtainacurrentlistfromyourcountyagricultural(weed)inspector.Thereare12StatewideProhibitedNoxiousWeedspeciesthatmustbecontrolled on all lands in the state.
Prohibited Noxious Weed: Control List–mustpreventreproductionandspread:Canadathistle,commontansy,garlicmustard,leafyspurge,muskthistle,plumelessthistle,purpleloosestrife,spottedknapweed,wildparsnip.
Biological Control –Involvesusingaparasite,predator,pathogen,orcompetitiveorganismintentionallyreleasedforthepurposeofreducingthepestpopulation.Anyintroducedpestpredatororparasitemustundergoexhaustivetestingbeforebeingreleasedtobesureitwillnotharmnon-targetorganisms.
Chemical Control–Usingherbicidestocontrolinvasivespeciesmustbeusedwithcautiontoensureenvironmentalandpersonalsafety.Herbicidesmustbeusedatthecorrecttimeinaplant’slifeandattheproperrates.