Chapter 6 Chapter 6 Supply, Demand, and Government Policies 02 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 02 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited
Mar 30, 2015
European Architecture
An Introduction to different Styles
Romanesque1000-1200
• Rounded arches
• Small, high windows
• Little Ornamentation
Romanesque
• Accommodate numerous monks, priests and pilgrims
• Pilgrims came looking at relics
Romanesque-Gothic
• Rounded Arches on buildings
• Pointed arches on church
Gothic1150-1500
• Pointed Arches
• Flying Buttresses
• High Steeples• Focus up
toward God
Gothic• Ribbed
vaulted ceilings to preserve natural light
Gothic
• Stained-glass window panels leading to sun-dappled interior effects
Renaissance1350-1600
• Rebirth of Classical culture
• Showed a harmony between human proportions and buildings
Renaissance• Revival of
ancient Roman forms
• the column and round arch, the tunnel vault, and the dome
Baroque1600-1800
• Complex plan shapes
• Grandeur, drama and contrast
Baroque
• Rich surfaces• Bright colors
Baroque• Complex
shapes were favored to heighten the feeling of motion and sensuality
Rococo1650-1750
• Extremely Ornate
• Ceilings and walls seem as one
Rococo
• Walls, ceilings, and moldings feature interlacings of curves and countercurves
Rococo
• Light, elegant, and elaborately ornamented
Fachwerk
• Half-timbered structures
Fachwerk
• Built between 1300 and 1700
Fachwerk• Style resulted
from insufficient wood
• Hay and plaster were used between wood frame
Neo-Classical1750-1850
• Grandeur of scale
• Simplicity of geometric forms
Neo-Classical
• Dramatic use of columns
• Antique simplicity
• Reaction against Rococo
Romantic
• Organic – the harmony of nature
• Classic – bring order to chaotic world
Romantic• Set a mood• Give a
memorable feeling
• Irregular, undefined quality
Romantic
• Return to nature
• Seeks to celebrate the unknown parts of life
Biedermeier
•Mid-1800’s•Apolitical
Biedermeier1840-1870 • Tied to home
• Calmness and order
Jugendstil1910-1940
• Art Nouveau• Floral motif• Use of
wrought iron for ornamentation
Modern/Bauhaus1950 - present
• Founded by Walther Gropius
• Integration of art, craftsmanship, and technology
Modern/Bauhaus• Associated with a
severe but elegant geometric style
• Economy of means