EU Presentation: Hungary Gareth Ahearne - Janice Bangala - Graham Bannelly - Eoin Buckley - Jenny Butler.

EU Presentation: Hungary

Gareth Ahearne - Janice Bangala - Graham Bannelly - Eoin Buckley - Jenny

Butler

Introducing Hungary• Capital: Budapest

• Population Rank: 89th

• % of World Population: 0.14%

• Number of Counties: 19 Number of Towns: 169 Number of Villages 2,904

• Region: Europe (Sub Region Eastern Europe)

• Official Language: Hungarian (Magyar) • Government: Parliamentary republic

• Prime minister: Viktor Orbán

• Accession to the European Union: May 1, 2004

• Religion: 54.5% Roman Catholic, 21% Reformed (Calvinist) Protestant, 6% Evangelical (Lutheran), 18.5% other

• Currency Hungarian Forint (HUF) Coins: 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 HUF Bank notes: 500, 1,000, 2,000, 5,000, 10,000, 20,000 HUF

Hungary - Magyarország

Hungary is a small country with a small population of 9.9 million. However, Hungary's population also constitutes of Germans (0.6%), Slovaks (0.1%),

Croats (0.2%), Serbs (0.2%) and Roma (2.0%).

The overall life expectancy in Hungary is around 75.02 years. The life expectancy of men lies at 71.27 years while the life expectancy of women is 78.98 years.

According to the latest reports the birth rate of Hungary is 9.49 babies per 1000 people, while the death rate is 12.7 deaths per 1000 people each year.

The Total Fertility Rate (TFR), which estimates the number of children born during the year is at 1.41 children for each woman. Consequently, Hungary lies at the cusp of being a developed country with a stable economy and a well-sustained population growth rate, which helps it to maintain its high

quality of life.

Hungary Sex Ratio 2014: Males: 47.528% Females:52.472%

Facts about Hungary

1) This small country is one of the oldest European countries, situated in the middle of the continent in Central Europe.

2) Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe, bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia and Slovenia.

3) . Its capital city is Budapest with a population of 1.709 million (2011).

4) Hungary claims no official religion and guarantees religious freedom but more than half the people are Roman Catholic, most of them living in the western and northern parts of the country. About one-fifth of the population are Calvinist (concentrated in eastern Hungary.)

5) The country fell under communist rule following World War II.

6) Communism in Hungary ended 1989 and the country became a parliamentary republic. It joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) in 1999 and the EU five years later.

7) Hungary has a long tradition of classical music with famous composers like Béla Bartók, Zoltán Kodály and Franz Liszt.

8) Literacy of total population is 99%.

9) Two major rivers the Danube (417 km long) and Tisza (598 km) flow through the country along with several other rivers like the Dráva on the Southern border, the Rába in Western Transdanubia.

10)The international code for Hungary is 36.

The History of Hungary

by Jenny Butler

Hungary during World War 1

• WW1 started on the 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918.

• Hungary was ally to Germany and Austria and had to send hundreds of thousands of troops to die for foreign interests.

• Hungary lost around 1 million men fighting on the side of the Habsburgs as part of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy in the 1st world war. The defeat at the end of the world meant the breaking up of the Monarchy.

• On 16th November, 1918 Hungary was declared a republic with Mihály Károlyi as prime minister.

The Treaty of Trianon

• The Treaty of Trianon was signed with Hungary after World War 1 had ended.

• The treaty was signed on June 4th 1920.

• The Treaty of Trianon stated clearly that:– “the Allied and Associated Governments affirm and Hungary

accepts the responsibility of Hungary and her allies for causing the loss and damage to which the Allied and Associated Governments and their nationals have been subjected as a consequence of the war imposed upon them by the aggression of Austria-Hungary and her allies.”

Hungary during World War II

The urge to regain the territories taken away in the Trianon Treaty made Hungary enter the 2nd world war on the side of the Germans against the Soviets.

The Hungarian government eventually tried to change sides to the allied Atlantic countries.

In October 1944 Miklós Horthy tried to withdraw from the war by making a separate peace with the Allies but with the help of the Germans the fascist Arrow Cross Party seized the power.

Hungary during World War II

The fascists deported hundreds of thousands Hungarian Jews to Auschwitz and other camps where around half million of the deported died. The Red Army laid siege to Budapest on Christmas 1944. The fights and bombing destructed most of the Hungarian capital.

By 4th April, 1945 the Russians liberated whole Hungary.

In 1946 Hungary became Republic and the government signed the Paris Treaty in 1947 that restored the borders established by the Trianon Treaty.

  In 1989 Hungary finally became an independent democracy.

• In 1999 Hungary joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)– NATO promotes democratic values and

encourages consultation and cooperation on defence and security issues to build trust and, in the long run, prevent conflict.

– Committed to the peaceful resolution of disputes. If diplomatic efforts fail, it has the military capacity needed to undertake crisis-management operations. 

• In 2004 Hungary became a member of the European Union.

Culture and Heritage

By Eoin Buckly

Culture and Heritage• Hungary is a land of particularly rich heritage. Their culture is not only

preserved in museums, however - traditions live on in many of Hungary's small villages, kept alive by local communities.

• WEDDINGS- When it comes to Hungarian weddings there are certain choreographed things that they do to ensure the marriage will be a success. The bridal dance ensures financial stability and anyone who wants to dance with her should pay. The breaking of a glass drives out bad ghosts and the couple cleaning it up shows how they can co-operate.

• ETIQUETTE- In Hungary etiquette plays a big role in daily life. When walking down a street the men will usually be on the left of the woman he is with.

• When greeting close family/friends they will kiss one another on both cheeks. While in conversation touching of arms and hands is normal,

• It is customary for a woman to offer her hand first to men of all ages and younger or older women and children.

Heritage• The languages spoken in Hungary are Magyar (Hungarian) 84.6% and an unknown

other 16.4% 

• Ethnicity and race within Hungary is mainly Hungarian however there are very small numbers of Roma and unknown ethnic groups.- Hungarian 92.3%, Roma 1.9%, other or unknown 5.8% (2001)

• Religion in Hungary has been dominated by forms of Christianity for centuries: ------Roman Catholic 37.2%, Calvinist 11.6%, Lutheran 2.2%, Greek Catholic 1.8%, other 1.9%, none 18.2%, unspecified 27.2% (2011 est.)

• National holiday-Saint Stephen's Day, August 20• Celebrated with a half an hour firework display on the bank of the Danube in the

evening, which is attended by many people on both river banks and is watched by many from the hills on the Buda side of the river.

Food culture• Food in Daily Life. Magyar kenyér (Hungarian bread) remains very important in the

rural and urban cuisine. For the last one hundred fifty years, wheat has been one of the most important crops both for domestic use and exportation.

• Pig breeding became the most important type of animal breeding in the 1870s, and since then the meat and byproducts of pigs have predominated in the national diet.

• The best-known ingredient in Hungarian food is the red-powdered spice called paprika. It is used to flavour many dishes.

•Food Customs at Ceremonial Occasions. The cuisine at most village weddings includes chicken soup with special csiga noodles that were traditionally believed to have fertility-inducing properties, stuffed cabbage, sweetened rice and other rice dishes, and baked goods.

• According to the national self-image, Hungarians are wine drinkers, but beer drinking is more common. Since the early 1990s there has been an attempt to familiarize the population with regional wines.

Economy

By Graham Brannelly

• The economy of Hungary is a medium-sized, structurally, politically and institutionally open economy in Central Europe and is part of the EU’s single market

• Hungary has long been an agricultural country but since WWII has been heavily industrialized

• Exited recession in 2013

• Agriculture makes up 13% of the GDP

• Hungarian agriculture is virtually self-sufficient

• The main sectors of the Hungarian industry are heavy industry, energy production, mechanical engineering, chemicals, food industry and automobile production.

• The service sector accounts for over 60% of GDP

• location plays a significant role in the rise of the service sector

• Growth is held back by poor investment, low employment among low skilled workers.

Tourism employs nearly 150 thousand people.

The most visited region is Budapest

Spa Cave

Conclusion

By Gareth Ahearne

Comparing to other EU Members using GDP, Exchange Rates

In Conclusion

• Capital: Budapest

• Language: Hungarian

• Prime Minister: Viktor Orban

• Joined EU: 2004

• Population 9.9 million

• Hungary effected by WW2 which started on 28 July 1914 and finished in 11 November 1918

• Treaty of Trianon which stated Hungary was responsible for her and her allies

• 1946 became Republic

Thank You

Any Questions?