EU BEST PRACTICES Hannover, Kronsberg, Germany

Best Practice in Hannover, Kronsberg, Germany

MUHAMMAD SAFUAN BIN CHE AHMED (A133024)

Hmk

MUHAMMAD RAMADHAN BIN ZAKARIA (A133409)

INTRODUCTION

• Location: Hannover, Germany

• Dates: Planned 1990-1994,1996-2000 first phase. Ongoing.

• Type: New construction in greenfield area at city edge.

• Use: Residential, services, open space.

• Size: 160 hectares, 3,000 dwellings first phase, final size 6,000 dwellings.

• People: 6,500 residents first phase, 15,000 after completion.

: 3,000 jobs created nearby

Kronsberg

Target of Urban Development in Kronsberg

As a result, new standards are required for Kronsberg in:

urban development ecology social planning

The goal is also for the: planning process and civic participant

to be exemplary

Passive house

• Conception of passive houses was developed in the late eighties.

• The Passive House Project in Hannover Kronsberg was a registered EXPO 2000 project (Cost efficient Climate Neutral Passive Houses, Reg. No. NI244).

• super insulated houses with mechanical ventilation and heat recovery proofed to provide high thermal comfort with extreme low specific heat energy consumption of about 15 kWh/ (m2a)

• energy conservation of about 75% compared to conventional buildings.

concept

• The 32 terraced houses in Hannover Kronsberg are arranged in four rows with eight houses each row.

• This arrangement offers the advantage of reduced envelope surface area to volume ratio.

• The houses are type buildings which are available in three sizes with 79, 97, and 120 m2 floor area respectively.

• The main intention of this project was to show, that heat supply in passive houses can be realized by warming up the supply air of the balanced ventilation system.

• So these houses have no conventional heating system with radiators, except one in the bathroom

The project

• Walls and roofs are made of light-weight wooden construction

• The core of the building, the cross-walls and end-walls are made of prefabricated concrete elements.

• This modular construction allowed cost reduction, so it was possible to achieve pure building costs that are as low as for conventional building

Construction

• Controlled mechanical ventilation with heat recovery requires air- tightness.

controlled air supply and exhaust-air extraction with heat recovery.

The inhabitants MAY open doors and windows, but they DO NOT NEED to accomplish ventilation through windows during the heating period

Solar hot water storage and supply-air heater (SAH).

Mechanical ventilation system with heat recovery

• Enery supply system All houses are connected to a grid of district heat

supply which is fed by a combined heat and power machineflat plate thermal solar collectors and a thermal

storage tank in each house are used for domestic hot water production in summerAll houses are connected via a heat load line from the

connector.This line supplies the hot water tank of the solar

thermal system in each house, if not enough heat from the sun is available. It supplies the water-to-air heater to provide space

heating.

• Costs Modular construction of terraced houses and multi-

storey flats allow to achieve pure building costs that do not extend the costs of conventional buildings.This type of construction offsets the extra expenditure

for insulation and ventilation system almost completely.Modular construction means a high degree of

prefabrication of the various structural elements, a low number of different elements with improved quality, sophisticated logistics and a short construction time.This cost reduction provides for a broad introduction

of passive houses into the market.

Energy

• All the built structure were to meet Low Energy House Standard (LEH).

• This was possible only when the design had a compact building form qith few projections and recessions.

• The required space index is 55kWh/m2.

• This was possible through thicker insulation layers of walss

airtight and windproof building envelopes

avoidance of thermal bridges

installation of very well insulations windows.

Energy Efficiency Optimization at Kronsberg

Environment Ecological Standards Energy

Project

1• Solar City

2• Passive solar houses

3• Solar district heating system

4• Wind turbines

Solar district heating system

Passive solar houses : Passive solar houses in the project use heat exchangers to meet their heating needs. One of the CHP plants is run by fuel cells, and was a demonstration project for the Exposition.

Wind turbines : Two wind turbines provide 3,000 dwellings with electricity.

Photovoltaic cell technology.

Solar City

• Decentral cogeneration heating plant

• Compulsory connection to the network

• Only 5% more expensive than

new-build developments with

district heating connections elsewhere

in the city

District heating

• The most important renewable energy source on Kronsberg is wind power.

• Tow large and one smaller wind turbines to provide enough energy for 3,000 houses

Wind Energy

Water

• The Kronsberg Water Concept deals with the effects that a largedevelopment can have on the local water table, the necessity forwater conservation, and raising awareness of water issues throughvisible systems.

• “The ‘Mulden-Rigolen’system for decentralized retention andinfiltration of rainwater” was used throughout Kronsberg to createa system of retention and infiltration that would not cause largechanges to the local water ecology

• Of the daily usage of 142 L of drinking water per person in Germany, most runs through the shower, bath, wash-basin and toilet straight to the drains. Only about three liters are used either for drinking, or for cooking. As water provider, the Hanover Municipal Water-works is aiming to reduce that figure to 100 L per person. Economy aerators have been installed in wash-basins. These reduce water-consumption greatly, although it is barely perceptible. Flow-limiters and flow stabilizers are also effective.

• Within the framework of the Regional capital Hanover and KUKA energy economy programme, each household will receive two aerators free of charge. These economy measures have had their effects in other directions too; the pipes for drinking water are smaller than usual, and are laid exclusively for drinking water and not, as is more often the case, also for fire-fighting requirements.

• All precipitation on built up and paved areas is absorbed, collected and gradually released. Equipment of all apartments with water devices. A rainwater management system collects and treats rainwater on-site in ‘grassed hollows’ that run alongside the pavements, before it flows into a retention area and ultimately feeds into a nearby stream. Two ‘hillside avenues’ running vertically through the scheme provide additional retention areas during periods of heavy rainfall. An attractive landscape feature, they also help raise awareness of water issues to residents.

Waste

• The Kronsberg Waste Management Concept includes building waste, and

domestic and commercial waste.

– Construction waste

• The city of Hannover reached a contractual agreement with

developers to use exclusively environmentally compatible and

healthy building materials.

• For construction phase they required to sort building waste on site

• Signs were fixed to the various waste skips on site to make it clear

which waste belonged in which classification

• Developers are required to use materials for construction that are

non-toxic and recyclable, 80% of construction waste was not

landfilled.

– Commercial and domestic waste

• The main component was setting up innovative collection systems

that is attractively designed container parks close to the houses

• Owners of detach houses often compost organic waste in their

gardens.

• This can reduces waste volume of Kronsberg by 30% to 154 kg per

person and year compared to Hannover average of 219 kg per

person and year

• Recycling stations for pre-separated waste such as paper, packaging

and organics, are situated through the neighborhoods and

underground glass recycling bins help minimize the visual impact

of such facilities.

• Systems for pre-sorted waste collection, encouragement of home

composting, and encouragement for retailers to use low-packaging retail

goods were part of the domestic and household waste plan, as well as a

“dense network of repair and alteration services” throughout the

development that encourage people to follow the motto „mend it, don‟t

dump it‟.