Journal of Materials Science and Engineering A 5 (1-2) (2015) 50-59 doi: 10.17265/2161-6213/2015.1-2.007 Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Flora in the North East of Algeria - An Empirical Knowledge in Djebel Zdimm (Setif) Sabah Chermat 1* and Rachid Gharzouli 2 1. Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Setif, Setif 19000, Algeria 2. Department of Plant Ecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, University of Sétif, Setif 19000, Algeria Abstract: On the high plains of Setif, the old inhabitants have built a real knowledge of medicinal plants properties. Traditional knowledge about plants and their properties are still fairly common. Our scientific motivation stems from the absence of any flora and ethnobotanical study in this area. During different field campaigns, we identified 93 medicinal species belonging to 32 botanical families. This number reflects the wealth of medicinal plants that are still traditionally used. To gather as much information on the use of plants, a series of ethnobotanical surveys were conducted in the field during periods of picking from villagers, herbalists and traditional healers. According to those surveyed, the fresh leaves and seeds are considered the most popular and common parts that can address several diseases where oral and dermal administration are recommended. The most used plants are: Artemisia herba-alba, Argyrolobium saharae, Gymnosporia senegalensis, Ormenis africana, Pallenis spinosa, Thymus ciliatus, Pistacia atlantica, Paronychia arabica, Globularia alypum, Ajuga iva, Peganum harmala, Ruta chalepensis, Tapsia garganica, Pituranthos scoparius. Djebel Zdimm offers floristic diversity and a sizeable traditional therapeutic knowledge. The safeguarding and preservation of this ancestral heritage is one of our objectives in this semi-arid steppe. Key words: Medicinal plants, ethnobotany analysis, semi-arid steppe, preservation. 1. Introduction Plants have occupied a prominent place and have been for man, a privileged point of contact with nature and health [1]. Herbal remedies are increasingly popular and used based on sound values. They are tested by our ancestors, many of whose virtues confer a significant place in traditional therapy. Medicinal plants are still a source of medicinal care in developing countries in the absence of a modern medical system [2]. According to United Nations Environment Programme [3], a significant number of spontaneous species in North Africa have potential value in terms of medicine. Within the Algerian, traditional medicine company occupies an important place in treating certain diseases. On the high plains of Setif, djebel Zdimm contains a Corresponding author: Sabah Chermat, lecturer, research fields: plant biology and medicinal plants. E-mail: [email protected]. large fortune because of its plant biogeography that offers a very high ecological and floristic diversity; it is a geographically and climatically remarkable barrier between the Atlas Tellien in the north and the Sahara in the south [4]. Since there are no sicentific studies on the flora and vegetation in djebel Zdimm, having an exceptional biological context with 117 taxa comprising of 93 medicinal species, this study seems necessary for us to present our first results. Surveys we have undertaken point to the presence of a relatively rich and varied flora. Djebel Zdimm is rich in medicinal plants belonging to different botanical families with rare endemic and protected species such as Pistacia atlantica and Argyrolobium-saharae. These natural remedies were the primary use of medicine for our ancestors, despite the current development of the pharmaceutical industry and its great contribution in the treatment of many diseases, D DAVID PUBLISHING
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Journal of Materials Science and Engineering A 5 (1-2) (2015) 50-59 doi: 10.17265/2161-6213/2015.1-2.007
Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Flora in the North
East of Algeria - An Empirical Knowledge in Djebel
Zdimm (Setif)
Sabah Chermat1* and Rachid Gharzouli2
1. Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Setif, Setif 19000, Algeria
2. Department of Plant Ecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, University of Sétif, Setif 19000, Algeria
Abstract: On the high plains of Setif, the old inhabitants have built a real knowledge of medicinal plants properties. Traditional knowledge about plants and their properties are still fairly common. Our scientific motivation stems from the absence of any flora and ethnobotanical study in this area. During different field campaigns, we identified 93 medicinal species belonging to 32 botanical families. This number reflects the wealth of medicinal plants that are still traditionally used. To gather as much information on the use of plants, a series of ethnobotanical surveys were conducted in the field during periods of picking from villagers, herbalists and traditional healers. According to those surveyed, the fresh leaves and seeds are considered the most popular and common parts that can address several diseases where oral and dermal administration are recommended. The most used plants are: Artemisia herba-alba, Argyrolobium saharae, Gymnosporia senegalensis, Ormenis africana, Pallenis spinosa, Thymus ciliatus, Pistacia atlantica, Paronychia arabica, Globularia alypum, Ajuga iva, Peganum harmala, Ruta chalepensis, Tapsia garganica, Pituranthos scoparius. Djebel Zdimm offers floristic diversity and a sizeable traditional therapeutic knowledge. The safeguarding and preservation of this ancestral heritage is one of our objectives in this semi-arid steppe.
peduncalata Pallenis spinosa and Ormenis africana.
Poisonous plants used in traditional medicine are also
identified in the field and reported by healers (Marabous)
such as Peganum harmala, Pituranthos scoparius,
56
Fig. 2 Distri
Fig. 3 Someatlantica Descheirifolia (LGymnosporia
Eth
ibution of med
e species used sf., 3. Argyrol
L.) O.K., 6. Broa senegalensis (
hnobotanicalAn Emp
dicinal species
in djebel Zdilobium saharaocchia cinerea(Lamk.) Loese
32.26%
l Study of Mepirical Knowl
according to th
imm. 1. Astraae Pomel = Ga (Del.) Vis., 7ener. (Photos: S
20.43%
edicinal Floraledge in Djeb
he biological ty
galus armatusGenista Pomeli
. Teucrium psS. Chermat, 20
19.35%
a in the North bel Zdimm (Se
ype.
s Willd. subsp iana Maire, 4seudochamaep010)
17.20%
East of Algeetif)
tragacanthoid4. Roemeria hpitys L., 8. Art
10.75%
eria.
des (Desf.)Maihybrida (L.) Dtemisia herba-
re, 2. Pistacia
DC., 5. Hertia alba Asso., 9.
Table 2 List
Espèce ArgyrolobiumPomeliana MAstragalus artragacanthoidAtractylis poly
Brassica dimo
Daucus biseri
Ferula cosson
Helianthemum
Hertia cheirif
Fig. 4 Perce
Fig. 5 perce
Eth
t of Endemic s
m saharae Pomeaire
rmatus Willd. sudes (Desf.)Mairycephala Coss.
orpha Coss. et D
iatus Murb.
niana Batt. et T
m apertum Pom
folia (L.) O.K.
entages of diffe
entages of diffe
hnobotanicalAn Emp
pecies.
Cel = Genista
E
ubsp re
E
E
Dur. E
E
rab. E
mel. E
E
erent parts use
erent treated d
50%
2
34.41%
l Study of Mepirical Knowl
Chorologie
End. N. Sah.
End.N.A
End.N.A
End
End
End.N.A
End.N.A
End.Alg-Tun
ed.
diseases.
3%
9%
20.43%
13.9
edicinal Floraledge in Djeb
Espèce
Paronychia a
Pistacia atla
Pituranthos
Scilla lingula
Thymelaea m
Thymus alge
Thymus cilia
5%
97%11.25%
a in the North bel Zdimm (Se
arabica (L.) Dc
antica Desf.
scoparius Coss
ata poiret.
microphylla Co
eriensis Boiss et
atus Desf. subsp
5% 5%
9.60%
6.3
East of Algeetif)
c.
s.et Dur.
ss. et Dur.
t Reut.
p. eu-ciliatus M
% 3%
0%4.08%
eria.
Chorolo
End.Afr
End. N.A
End.N.A
End.N.A
End.N.A
End. N.A
Maire. End. N.A
57
ogie
r.N
A
A
A
A
A
A
7
58
Fig. 6 Distri
Thymelaea
These speci
only used by
3.2.3 Met
Several m
local popula
aqueous dec
(30%), powd
about fumi
whitewashin
and fastest
Decoction a
preparation
active ingre
effect of cer
4. Conclus
The stepp
flora of ines
93 species
population c
to treat vario
guided by
elderly wom
of the mass
interesting s
especially in
Eth
ibution of prep
microphylla,
ies are highly
y healers.
thods of Prep
methods of pre
ation in Djeb
coction with
der (16%), an
igation, the
ng. Users alw
method for
and infusion a
(Fig. 6). The
dients and at
rtain revenues
sions
pe ecosystem
stimable weal
have medi
consumes the
ous diseases.
the directive
men, but also b
sif. At prese
solutions to th
n developing
hnobotanicalAn Emp
paration metho
, and Atract
y toxic at low
aration
eparation are
el Zdimm, th
h 45%, follow
nd the other u
poultice,
ways seek th
preparing h
are the most
e decoction c
ttenuated or c
s [21].
m of djebel
lth. Among th
icinal proper
ese plants in
The choice
es of traditio
by the availab
ent, medicin
he constraints
g countries [
Inf3
powder16%
l Study of Mepirical Knowl
ods.
tylis gummif
w doses and
employed by
he most used
wed by infu
uses (9%) ar
maceration
he most effic
herbal medici
used method
collects the m
cancels the t
Zdimm cont
he identified
rties. The l
a preferred o
of these plan
onal healers
bility of the p
es can bring
s related to he
[22, 23]. In
fusion30%
others9%
edicinal Floraledge in Djeb
fera.
d are
y the
d are
usion
e all
and
cient
ines.
ds of
most
oxic
tains
taxa,
local
order
nts is
and
plant
g us
ealth
this
step
from
asso
exp
disa
us t
is d
of t
use
seed
T
of p
lead
end
if n
tran
Re
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
a in the North bel Zdimm (Se
ppe, tradition
m generation
ociations be
periments wh
appear. The p
to preserve th
disappearing [
the high plain
s of plants
ds.
This exploitat
plant cover an
ds us firstly
dangered sinc
no effort is
nscription.
ferences
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etween simp
hich is less t
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