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ETHICS IN HUMAN RELATIONS
BY MADHURI BIND
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ETHICS IN HUMAN
RELATIONS
Ethics in its simplest interation is the analysis of
right or wrong.
Ethics can also mean the study of what makes
actions right or wrong.
The implication of this is that there is a certain
supreme moral principle that one can refer to in
times of difficult moral decisions.
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In the domain of human relations ethics
encompasses the values of honesty, loyalty,
openness, integrity, respect, fairness, and accurate
communication.
Historically, the view of the general public of human
relations practitioners are related to unethical
practices, untruthful and misleading messages.
Some people even go to the extreme of suggesting
that ethics cannot exist in the context of human
relations because the practice itself is ofmanipulation, persuasion, and propaganda.
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ETHICAL GUIDANCE FOR
HUMAN RELATIONS
PRACTITIONERS The practice of human relations can
present unique and challenging ethical
issues.
At the same time, protecting integrity and
the public trust are fundamental to the
professions role and reputation. Bottom line, successful human relations
hinges on the ethics of its practitioners.
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To help members navigate ethics principles
and applications, the Society created, and
continues to maintain Code of Ethics.
Under the Code, widely regarded as the
hospital standard, members pledge to core
values, principles and practice guidelines
that define their professionalism andadvance their success.
http://www.prsa.org/AboutPRSA/Ethics/CodeEnglish/index.htmlhttp://www.prsa.org/AboutPRSA/Ethics/CodeEnglish/index.html7/28/2019 Ethics in Human Relation
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THE CODE ADVISES PROFESSIONALS TO
Protect and advance the free flow of accurate and
truthful information.
Foster informed decision making through open
communication.
Protect confidential and private information.
Promote healthy and fair competition amongprofessionals.
Avoid conflicts of interest.
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Work to strengthen the clients trust in the
profession.
Be honest and accurate in all communications.
Act in the best interest of clients.
Safeguard the confidences and privacy rights of
clients.
Avoid conflicts between personal and
professional interests.
Decline representation of clients requiring
actions contrary to the Code.
Report all ethical violations to the appropriate authority.
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ETHICS IN
COMMUNICATION WITH
PATIENT CARE
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PROFESSIONALISM
Verbal and nonverbal behaviors greatly
influence the helping relationship.
The patient's acceptance of you as a
professional often depends on the manner
in which you present a professional and
caring image.
Professional appearance and behavior are
important in establishing trust worthiness
and competence.
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These are all parts of good
Professional communication
when you are discourteous,patients and staff will
perceive you as rude, crude,
or insensitive. Discourtesy sets up barriers
between you and the patient
and causes friction, ortension, among team
members.
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AVOID TERMS OF ENDEARMENT
Calling the patients by honey
"dear," "Grandpa," or "sweetheart"
rather than by a personal name is
inappropriate.
Such casual familiarity from
caregivers offends most people.
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CONFIDENTIALITY
It is essential that you
safeguard the patient's right to
privacy by carefully protecting
information of a confidential
nature.
Reassure the person that you
will keep information private,
and then keep that promise.
Resist the temptation to share
exciting or shocking
information.
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Do not share information with people
who are genuinely interested and
concerned but have no legal right to the
information.
If you have to report information to
others, tell the patient in advance, if at
all possible. Sharing personalinformation or gossiping about others
violates both nursing's ethical code and
practice standards. It sends the message that you are not
trustworthy and damages interpersonal
relationships.
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TRUST Trust is an essential building block of the helping
relationship. Do not compromises trust by acting as if you are
"too busy?" Such a response becomes protective
excuse for not becoming involved with the patient. You foster trust when you communicate warmth and
caring.
Demonstrate consistency, reliability, honesty, andcompetence.
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Trusting another person involves risk and
vulnerability, but it also fosters open, therapeutic
communication and enhances the expression offeelings, thoughts, and needs.
Being untrustworthy or dishonest seriously
undermines relationships and violates legal andethical standards of practice.
Although it is not always easy, do not withhold key
information, lie, or distort the truth.
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AVOID INAPPROPRIATE
SOCIALIZING Move beyond social conversation to talk about
issues or concerns affecting the patient's
health.
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AVOID PASSIVE RESPONSES
Passive responses avoid issues or conflict.
Some characteristics are feelings of sadness,
depression, anxiety and hopelessness.
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AVOID AGGRESSIVE RESPONSES
Aggressive responses provoke confrontation at
the other person's expense.
Some characteristics of aggression are feelings
of anger, frustration, resentment, and stress.
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HUMOR Humor is a coping strategy that adds
perspective and helps you and the patientadjust to stress.
Humor helps provide emotional support to
patients and humanizes the illnessexperience.
Laughter provides both a psychological and
physical release for you and the patient,promotes open, relaxed interaction, and
illustrates our shared experience in being
human.
EMPATHY
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EMPATHY Empathy is the ability to understand and
accept another person's reality, to accuratelyperceive feelings, and to communicate this
understanding to the other.
Empathy statements reflect anunderstanding of what has been
communicated and tell the person that you
heard both the feeling and the factual
content of the communication.
They foster shared respect and goals.
Empathy statements are neutral and
nonjudgmenta1.
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SYMPATHY
Sympathy is a subjective look at another
person's world that prevents a clear perspective
of all sides of the issues confronting that
person.
Sharing sympathy with another feels good,creates a bond, and minimizes differences.
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LISTENING AND RESPONDING
Active listening means listening
attentively with the whole person-mind,body, and spirit.
To be an active listener, listen for main
and supportive ideas, acknowledge andrespond, and give appropriate feedback.
Pay attention to the other person's total
communication, including the content, theintent, and the feelings expressed.
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Attentive listening allows you to
better understand the message
others communicate to you and is
an excellent way to build trust.
In many situations, the person just
wants someone to listen.
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PROVIDE INFORMATION
Giving information, whether factual
information or professional advice, helps
the other person make decisions.
Informing patients helps reduce anxiety
and meet patient needs for safety andsecurity.
When offering suggestions, stress that the
patient has the right to make decisions
about options so that patient autonomy is
maintained.
Speak in simple language, and translate
medical terms.
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SILENCE Silence as a response is often one of
the most important interviewing
techniques to learn.
It requires a sense of confidence and
comfort and permits the intervieweeto sort out thoughts and feelings and
search for responses to questions.
It also allows for sharing of feelingsand help to understand the emotion
of the situation to its depth.
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REASSURANCE
Often patients are anxious abouttheir health condition, progress of
the disease & outcome of the illness.
Anxiety of the patient is often
communicated to patients non-
verbally or verbally & hinders
recovery of the patients.
Therefore, a nurse has theresponsibility to alleviate the anxiety
of the patients.
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This can be done by- exploring about the
patients concerns, giving periodic information
about their health conditions, informing about
the prognosis of the disease, alleviating guiltfeeling, reassuring & making them realize their
positive potentials of their health status.
GUIDELINES TO AVOID MORAL
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GUIDELINES TO AVOID MORAL
AND ETHICAL CONFLICTS
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BE KNOWLEDGEABLE IN
HUMAN RELATIONS.
Professionals in the field of human relations
must have knowledge and focus on ethics
before they encounter a situation of difficult
moral decision.
Practitioners must be fully familiar with the
ethical values of their organizations before
these values are put under public scrutiny.
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BE AWARE OF YOUR VALUES.
Human relations practitioners should be totally
aware of their own values.
Taking stock of their own values as individuals
and practitioners of human relations will be of
immense help when the moment comes that
these values will be put under pressure by a
client, a supervisor, or by the public.
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BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY STICKY
SITUATIONS.
Be vigilant of and identify issues that have the
potential to become ethical dilemmas.
The failure to identify and act on ethical issues
will often result in costly failures and human
relations debacles for the organization
concerned.
Early identification of ethical issues will allow
more time for analysis, discussion, research,
and resolution of these issues.
WALK THE TALK OF
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WALK THE TALK OF
THE MISSION
STATEMENT. Human relations professionals should be aware
of the fundamental values inherent in the
organizations mission statement or code of
ethics.
Focus on the ethics approach that will be the
nearest to organizational values in practice.
The function of human relations in this area
would be to encourage discussion and ethical
debate throughout the organization by using
internal communications.
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TRAIN YOUR STAFF WELL
Educating top to bottom level
management of the capabilities of
human relations and prevention
of ethical dilemmas cancontribute to the success of the
organization by the utilization of
issues management, relationshipswith patients, and conflict
resolution methods.
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SUMMARY
Communicating is something that comes naturally on adaily basis, but effective communication is something that
requires a certain amount of knowledge.
Learning the steps of effective communication is important
in any setting. It allows you to convey your thoughts in a meaningful and
genuine way, and it allows you to avoid and resolve conflict
quickly.
Effective communication leads to strong human relations,
which is vital to success in both your personal life and your
career life .
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