Estrategia_Estatal_Innovación Web cloud computing

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How Web and Cloud Computing Will Drive Your IT Strategies

David Mitchell Smith

© 2009 Gartner, Inc. and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Gartner is a registered trademark of Gartner, Inc. or its affiliates.<docname>_<date>_<author> 1

65% of Fortune 1000

80% ofGlobal 500

55Conferences

3,800CIOs

730 Analysts Serving Clients

in 80 Countries

100,000IT End-User

Inquiries

10,000Media

Inquiries

2.7 MillionIT End-User

Searches

60,000Clients

10,800 Client

Enterprises

5,500Benchmarks

Welcome!Thank you for joining us on today’s Gartner webinar.

Notes accompany this presentation. Please select Notes Page view.These materials can be reproduced only with written approval from Gartner. Such approvals must be requested via e-mail: [email protected]. Gartner is a registered trademark of Gartner, Inc. or its affiliates.

How Web and Cloud Computing Will Drive Your IT Strategies

David Mitchell Smith

Key Issues

1. How has Web computing evolved and how will it impact future application strategies?

2. How will cloud computing evolve to become a key sourcing strategy for the enterprise?

3. How will the combination of Web and cloud computing become the primary IT strategy for many enterprises?

The Web Is Still Not Dead

TheWeb isdead.

While the Internet Is Middle-Aged, the Web Is Still a Young Pup• 2009 saw two special birthdays: Internet, 40 years old, Web, 20

years old• The Internet — network of networks providing ubiquitous two-way

communication with billions of users around the globe• The Web — UI that makes the Internet usable by the majority• The Web as architecture - WOA• Enterprise Web

- The Web is the primary UI for enterprise apps and content- Customer-centric Web strategies retain and grow customers- Portals increase user satisfaction via personalization - Web AD tools are pervasive- Majority of new apps are being built with Web front ends- Cloud computing is a natural outgrowth

• Consumer Web — just look at the impact on travel, media, retail, libraries, …

Web 1.0 Web 2.0 What’s Next?

Web 2.0 Modern WebOriginal Web 1.0

• HTTP, HTML, URI

• Consumed only by humans

• Many readers, few authors

• Web 1.0 + XML, Ajax, …

• Consumed by humans & machines, Many readers, many authors

• Communicative, collaborative, community-friendly

• Web 2.0 + HTML5• Mobile, cloud, real

time, …

The Future Web• Is Contextual• Is Mobile• Relies on HTML5• Runs on the UXP• Is Social• Runs in the Cloud• Is Real-time• Is an Architecture

The Internet of Things

The Social Web

Mobile

Programmable

Global and Geo-located

The Cloud

• Runs in Parallel with Native Apps

• See the Return of Browser Wars

• Is Consumer-Drive• Is Rife with Commerce• Is in the Middle of the Net

Neutrality Controversy

The Future Web is ContextualContext-enriched services will use information about the end user to anticipate an end user's immediate needs and proactively offer more-sophisticated, situation-aware and usable functions.

Enterprises can better target consumers and deliver on the promise of increased customer intimacy

Compound context-enriched services will emerge between 2010 and 2015

The Future Web Is Mobile & Ubiquitous

6.7 billion connections, >$1 trillion direct voice + data service revenue per annum, multiple $ billions in indirect revenue, e.g., advertising

Data revenue exceeds voice revenue in advanced markets

2015

2014

2013

2012

2011

2010

.....

2007The device era

The application

era

The service and social era

5.1 billion connections

•~5 Billion Mobile Phone Subscriptions• Penetration > 100% in Some Markets • SMS – 6.3 Billion Messages/Day• Mobile Data Traffic Rising (140,000Tb/month > total voice traffic)• 10% of Google Searches • 150 Million Facebook Mobile Users

iPhone, Safari browser

Web appstores4G connectivity

HTML5 working

subset stableOther powerful platforms and browsers (eg

Android)

2015

% of apps not developed for native platform

Milestones

50%

HTML5 capabilities: canvas, offline web apps and storage, videoDriven aggressively by Google and Apple

The Future Web Is Mobile

20122009

The Future Web Leans Heavily on HTML5Vendor Support Local Storage Rich Media

Even More Capabilities:-Geolocation-Threading (Workers)-Networking (Sockets)-New Markup Options

Mobile Ascends:

“Heavy RIA” In

Danger?

The Future Web Sees the Return of Browser Wars

Source: netmarketshare.com

Microsoft Internet Explorer60.40%

Firefox22.93%

Chrome7.52%

Safari5.16%

Opera2.37%

Opera Mini0.88%

Others0.71%

.

The Future Web Will Be About Browsers and Operating Systems

• An example of a “Web OS”• Chrome browser + • Platform or OS?• Compare it to?

- Windows No: MacOS, No- Network Computer? Yes

• Why two Linux desktop Oses from Google?- One is a platform (Android), One is not

(ChromeOS)- Native Apps matter more and for longer in

Mobile space• “Netbook Computing”

The Future Web is Social

• Ham Sandwich:Tells you what someoneyou barely know had for lunch (on Twitter)

• Leadership of the FreeWorld: Helped determinethe last U.S. presidentialelection

• Open Channels for the Whole World: U.S. State Dept. askedTwitter to delay upgrade to allow"tweets" about Iran election to flow

The Future Web is Real-Time

twitter gets there firsttwitter gets there first

The Future Web is an Architecture• "Web as platform" is really Web as

architecture (WOA)- Coupling is exposed as changeable

uniform data (IFaPs), not hidden as fixed custom code

• IFaPs are the narrow waist- Identifiers aka Addresses, Foreign

Keys- Formats aka Schemas, Envelopes,

Containers- Protocols aka Processes, Message

Exchange Patterns• Examples

- Web: URL, HTML, HTTP- Global Containerized Shipping: Bar

Codes, TEU Steel Box, Container Port Operations

The Key to aSuccessful Spanning Layer:

The Hourglass Model

Federated

SimpleSimple IFaPs

Generic

EnablersEnablers

ProvidersProviders

ComplementorsComplementors

UsersUsers

E x

t e n

s i

b l e

The Future Web is Consumer-Driven

0 20 40 60 80

Search enginesExternal Web-e-mail

Aggregators (news…other content)Shopping and entertainment sites

Wikis (as reader)Social network sites

Forums… Net news groupsGoogle applications

Personal Web desktopsBlogs (as a reader of external blogs)

Blogs and Wikis (contribute)External IM tools

Web storageWeb prod. suites (not Google Apps)

Social tagging sitesInformal project centered tools

Mashups

Percentage of Respondents

User ReportsIT projections of UsersIT Pro Use

1980 1990 2000 2010 2020

Cloud Computing: Multiple Perspectives, Multiple Origins

VirtualizationSubsidized Applications

Web 2.0 and Mashups

Global-Class

Consumer Applications Management Discipline

Internet

Web

Cloud

Connectivity

Information and Browser UI

Services and WebAPI/Arch.Googleplex

SaaS

From the EnterpriseFrom the Web

Definition: cloud computing is "a style of computing where scalable and elastic IT-enabled capabilities are provided 'as a service' using Internet Technologies."

Real-Time Infrastructure

Utility Models

Data Center Pressures

GridWeb Platforms

Focus on "Computing"Focus on "the Cloud"

Gartner defines cloud computing as "a style of computing where scalable and elastic IT-related capabilities are provided 'as a serviceusing Internet

technologies."

Gartner's Definition of Cloud Computing and the Critical Attributes of Cloud Services

Internet Technologies Services are delivered through use of Internet identifiers, formats and protocols.5

Metered by Use Services are tracked with usage metrics to enable multiple payment models.4

Shared Services share a pool of resources to build economies of scale. 3

Scalable and Elastic Services scale on demand to add or remove resources as needed.2

Service Based Consumer concerns are abstracted from provider concerns through service interfaces.1

5 A

ttrib

utes

Tha

t Sup

port

Out

com

es

The Hype Cycle for Cloud Computing, 2010

Slicing the Cloud - Vertical

System Infrastructure Services

Business Services

Information Services

Application Services

App. Infrastructure ServicesCloud

Enablers Mgm

t. an

d S

ecur

ityV-Cloud

SaaS

IaaS

“PaaS”

Slicing the Cloud: The Public to Private Cloud Services Spectrum

Private Public

Distinctions are made at the extremes but many examples exist somewhere between.

Hybrid

The real issue is: How to deliver cloud services in my private scope to gain as many cloud computing benefits as I can while maintaining a degree of control, not whether or not I have a private cloud.

Company/Entity Owned Assets and

Scope is Bounded by Exclusive

Membership defined by company/Entity

No owned Assets and Scope is open to anyone who can pay

for service as delivered by provider

What are the Benefits and Challenges of Public Cloud Computing?

But Tough Problems Remain• Data/Process Location & Isolation

- Security, privacy & ownership• Regulatory, Compliance & Policies

- Limits, e-discovery, investigations• Portability between Providers

- Lack of standards, vendor lock-in• Provider Trust Management

- Transparency to provider operations- Immature vendors and certifications

• Uncertain Failure Remediation- SLA guarantees, redundancy

• Integration and Process Integrity across the cloud

- Technical & Support issues• Bandwidth & Latency

- Accessing or integrating "clouds"• Licensing Issues• Uncertain Financial Models

• Speed, Flexibility, Agility- User self service- Rapid deployment & change- Address highly and/or

unpredictable resource demands• Financial Benefits

- Cost savings (perceived & real)- Move from capital to operating

expense- Pay for use & "free" software

• Simplicity and Convenience- Procurement (transaction,

contract, service levels)- Encourages use of standardized

resources/applications- Access (browser, menus, simple

APIs) and global reach• Capabilities

- New solutions not feasible before- Superior security and reliability for

smaller companies

Significant Potential Benefit

Enterprise Use Cases 2009-2012:Leading Edge to Early Mainstream

D• SaaS, E-Mail, Collaboration

E• Departmental & Workgroup Apps

F• Simple Parallelized Workloads

B• Development/Test & Projects

Unpredictable and/or volatile workloads

Rapid provisioning

User self service

Avoid asset/people cost

Leverage economies of scale and grid execution

Manageable data risk

Simple connection to internal applications

Service licensing in place

C• Web Application Serving

A• Prototyping/Proof of Concept

+ Targeted Private Cloud Computing Infrastructure

Massive Consolidation and Competition Across Major Existing Markets

ConsumerCarr

iers

CommsMega-vendors

The Enterprise

PolycomCl o

ud

The Big Picture Web + Cloud•Consuming Cloud Services-Service Providers-Ecosystems-Brokers

•Providing Web & Cloud Services-Enabling Technologies-The Enterprise as Service Provider

•Internet + Web + Cloud-Coordinate Web design and application development

-Web Sites become mashable cloud Services

•Social Computing Integration

Sys. & App.Infrastructure

Mgt. &Security

Application& Information

Cloud Ecosystem

ServiceProvider

ServiceProvider

Service Provider

Broker

PrivateCloud

Broker

ServiceProvider

ServiceProvider

ServiceProvider

ConsumerConsumer

Enabling TechnologiesHW/SW/Net Vendor

What’s After Web 2.0The Big Wheel Just Keeps on Turning

• Open source• Collaborative• Decentralized• Lightweight• User-centered

The The Open Open WebWeb

• “First mover”• “Monetize eyeballs”• “Enterprise Web”• Property-centered

The The Closed Closed

WebWeb

1992199219991999

20022002

19971997

Web 1.0Web 1.0Web 0.5Web 0.5

20062006Web 2.0Web 2.0

20042004

20122012Web 2.xWeb 2.x

RecommendationsThe Web changes everything, again. Cloud computing amplifies existing change and introduces new disruptive changes. Denial is pointless.

WOA should be adopted by enterprises when appropriate. Simple interfaces and REST/POX approaches should be used when possible.

Leverage mashup-style composite applications developed by traditional developers and end users.

Determine when you will be a consumer and when you will be a provider of cloud services.

To optimize for cloud computing, design for stateless linear scalability, parallel processing and distributed dataThe consumer-centric public Web leads this shift. Encourage consumer technology experimentation in your enterprise.

The social component is large, and management should lead cultural change by example.

Recommended Reading

• Key Issues for Cloud Computing, 2010• Key Issues for Web and Cloud Application

Development, 2010• Key Issues for Software as a Service, 2010• Application Infrastructure for Cloud Computing: A

Growing Market, 2010• CFO Advisory: Cloud Computing; Business

Enablement• Know Your Rights in IT Maintenance and Cloud

Computing

© 2009 Gartner, Inc. and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Gartner is a registered trademark of Gartner, Inc. or its affiliates.<docname>_<date>_<author>

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