2/20/2015 1 Europe: Middle Ages to Today Mr. Cummings World History Essential Question What new developments changed European society during the Medieval Era? Questions to Consider • What were the Middle Ages? • When did the Middle Ages occur? • Countries involved? • Important people and events? • How did the Middle Ages affect the development of our country? Defining the Medieval Period Classical Civilization (Beginning of European Civilization Roman Empire) Medieval Europe (Fall of Rome Before the Renaissance) Modern Times (Renaissance Today) Known By Three Different But Equally Acceptable Names Middle Ages Dark Ages Medieval Era Periodization Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500 The Medieval Era is actually three separate eras. Middle Ages Defined • Period after fall of Roman Empire- between ancient and modern times in western Europe • 475-1200’s • Churches stabilize barbaric Europe • Japanese Feudalism=Europe Feud. – Most people lived poor, illiterate, uneducated + without rights Europe Today • Area + Population – Second-smallest continent – 11,000,000 sq. miles – 785,000,000 people (2010) Europe Today • 47 countries – Largest: Russia (107,000,000) – Smallest: Vatican City (1,000 people) – England, Spain, France, Italy, Germany, CIS
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Essential Question Questions to Consider Europe: … 3 A Medieval Monastery: The Scriptorium Illuminated Manuscripts Feudalism A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty
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2/20/2015
1
Europe: Middle Ages
to Today
Mr. Cummings
World History
Essential Question
What new developments changed
European society during the Medieval
Era?
Questions to Consider
• What were the Middle Ages?
• When did the Middle Ages occur?
• Countries involved?
• Important people and events?
• How did the Middle Ages affect the development of our country?
Defining the Medieval PeriodClassical Civilization
(Beginning of European Civilization Roman Empire)
Medieval Europe(Fall of Rome Before the Renaissance)
Modern Times(Renaissance Today)
Known By Three Different But Equally Acceptable Names
Middle Ages
Dark Ages
Medieval Era
Periodization
Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000
High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250
Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500
The Medieval Era is actually three separate eras.
Middle Ages Defined
• Period after fall of Roman Empire-between ancient and modern times in western Europe
• 475-1200’s
• Churches stabilize barbaric Europe
• Japanese Feudalism=Europe Feud.
– Most people lived poor, illiterate, uneducated + without rights
Europe Today
• Area + Population
– Second-smallest continent
– 11,000,000 sq. miles
– 785,000,000 people (2010)
Europe Today
• 47 countries
– Largest: Russia (107,000,000)
– Smallest: Vatican City (1,000 people)
– England, Spain, France, Italy, Germany, CIS
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Major Physical Features
• Rhine River (Germany)
• Danube River (Austria + Germany)
• Thames River (England)
• Ural Mountains (Eastern Europe)
• The Alps + Pyrenees
• Surrounded by Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea – provide means of transportation and food
Other Important Facts
• Agriculture- 50% of the land used for crops- most efficient in world
– Produce beef, chicken, potatoes, sugar, wheat, olives, figs, wine
• Wide range of economies + cultures
– Currencies: Euro, Pound, Franc
– Gov’t: Republic, Parliamentary Monarchy
Middle Ages Events
• Arthurian Legend (500’s)
• Knights and Castles (900-1100’s)
• Split of the Catholic Church (1054)
• Battle of Hastings (1066)
• Domesday Book (1086)
• Crusades (1096-1291)
• Magna Carta (1215)
• “Black Death” (1347-1352)
Europe in the 6c Charlemagne: 742 to 814 Charlemagne’s Empire
Pope Crowned CharlemagneHoly Roman Emperor: Dec. 25, 800
The Medieval Catholic Church Filled a power vacuum left from collapse of Rome & increasing Viking attacks.
‘The Church’ controlled about 1/3 of theland in Western Europe.
Crusades & The Inquisition replace logic & technological achievements.
Monasticism reigns after Rome’s collapse.
Rules of St. Benedict stress poverty, chastity, and obedience.
Provided schools for the children ofthe upper class (the poor are left out).
Libraries & scriptoria to copy books and illuminate manuscripts.
A Medieval Monk’s Day
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A Medieval Monastery: The Scriptorium Illuminated Manuscripts FeudalismA political, economic, and social system based on loyalty and military
service.
Life in Medieval Towns• For safety/defense, people formed small
villages around a lord/master (MANOR)– Castle, church, village, farmland
• Homes were cramped, one-room dwellings with a central fire pit.
• Literacy plunged to 5%, while towns battled health/hygiene problems– Used non-scientific methods like
prayer to seek cures• Chanting, music, and religious art became
essential parts of church life, especially after Feudalism’s collapse.
The Medieval Manor Stability Fosters Trade & Guilds