ESM 202 Eutrophication
ESM 202 Eutrophication. US East Coast Source: Issues in Ecology #2 (1998)
Dec 22, 2015
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ESM 202
Eutrophication
US East Coast
Source: Issues in Ecology #2 (1998)
Gulf of Mexico Dead Zone
Source: NOAA
Effects of Eutrophication
Source: Principles Env. Sci. & Eng. (Davis & Masten)
Source: Issues in Ecology #2 (1998)
Effects of Eutrophication
Source: Issues in Ecology #2 (1998)
Source: Issues in Ecology #2 (1998)
Source: Issues in Ecology #2 (1998)
Lake Ageing
Source: Principles Env. Sci. & Eng. (Davis & Masten)
Classification of Lakes
Source: Principles Env. Sci. & Eng. (Davis & Masten)
Probable, not certain…
Eutrophic
Source: Principles Env. Sci. & Eng. (Davis & Masten)
Total P vs. Chlorophyll a
Source: Principles Env. Sci. & Eng. (Davis & Masten)
Classification of Lakes
Source: Principles Env. Sci. & Eng. (Davis & Masten)
Lake Stratification
Source: Principles Env. Sci. & Eng. (Davis & Masten)
Lake Stratification
Source: Principles Env. Sci. & Eng. (Davis & Masten)
Diagnostics…
Source: Biogeochemistry, Schlesinger, 1997
Diagnostics…
Flux in g/m2 yr
Source: Biogeochemistry, Schlesinger, 1997
Diagnostics…
Source: Biogeochemistry, Schlesinger, 1997
Analysis of Cause and Effect
Low Nutrient Supply
Low N & P conc. in lake
Low algae productivity
Low chlorophyll a
Lake more transparent
Greater Secchi disc depth
High Nutrient Supply
High N & P conc. in lake
High algae productivity
High chlorophyll a
Lake less transparent
Smaller Secchi disc depth
Gradient of Conditions
Toxicinflow
HighSediment
HighFlowrate
Solutions… Source Reduction
Eliminate excess fertilizationWastewater treatment plantsBMPs
In Lake Control:Mechanical harvesting of aquatic plantsChemical control (algaecides)Biological control (increase grazing)Flow augmentationDeep water aerationSelective removal of deep waterSediment removal
Modern wastewater treatment
Process Diagram
Modern wastewater treatment
Packaged wastewater treatment
Performance & Policies
Pathogen removal
Lagoon Treatment Systems
Constructed Wetland
Septic Systems
Key Points Eutrophication is a natural process
Can be greatly accelerated by human activitySerious ecological effectsMust use diagnostics to get at the root of the problem
Point vs non-point source, magnitude and timing of load, N or P?
Range of solutions depending on sources and socioeconomic choices
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