Escola Secundária Afonso Lopes Vieira Curso Profissional de Técnico de Instalações Elétricas 2010/2013 Domótica com Arduino e interface Web Relatório da Prova de Aptidão Profissional Ricardo Jorge Cachola Sénica, n.º 18209, 3.º IE Leiria, junho de 2013
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Escola Secundária Afonso Lopes Vieira
Curso Profissional de Técnico de Instalações Elétricas
2010/2013
Domótica com Arduino e interface Web
Relatório da Prova de Aptidão Profissional
Ricardo Jorge Cachola Sénica, n.º 18209, 3.º IE
Leiria, junho de 2013
Escola Secundária Afonso Lopes Vieira
Curso Profissional de Técnico de Instalações Elétricas
2010/2013
Domótica com Arduino e interface Web
Relatório da Prova de Aptidão Profissional
Ricardo Jorge Cachola Sénica, n.º 18209, 3.º IE
Orientador – Paulo Manuel Martins dos Santos
Coorientadores – Carlos Jorge Camarinho e Susana de Jesus Teodoro
Leiria, junho de 2013
Relatório da Prova de Aptidão Profissional – Ricardo Jorge C. Sénica
Lema de vida
Se queremos ser alguém, temos de fazer com que nos
vejam com outros olhos, não com os olhos de ser mais um.
- i -
Relatório da Prova de Aptidão Profissional – Ricardo Jorge C. Sénica
Agradecimentos
Começo por agradecer ao Diretor da Escola Secundária Afonso Lopes Vieira, Dr. Luís Pedro
Costa de Melo Biscaia, por me ter proporcionado este curso e o seu apoio ao longo desta
etapa da minha vida.
Agradeço, também, ao Diretor de Turma e de Curso, Dr. Carlos Jorge Camarinho, pela sua
persistência neste curso e pela ajuda proporcionada ao longo destes três anos.
Também agradeço ao professor Paulo Manuel Martins dos Santos por, neste último ano,
aquando da realização e preparação para Prova de Aptidão Profissional, me ter apoiado, pois
sem ele nada disto teria sido possível.
O meu muito obrigado à minha família.
- ii -
Relatório da Prova de Aptidão Profissional – Ricardo Jorge C. Sénica
1N/FDLL 914/A/B / 916/A/B / 4148 / 4448Small Signal Diode
Absolute Maximum Ratings* Ta=25°C unless otherwise noted
* These ratings are limiting values above which the serviceability of the diode may be impaired.NOTES:1) These ratings are based on a maximum junction temperature of 200 degrees C.2) These are steady state limits. The factory should be consulted on applications involving pulsed or low duty cycle operations.
Thermal Characteristics
Symbol Parameter Value UnitsVRRM Maximum Repetitive Reverse Voltage 100 V
PN2222A / MMBT2222A / PZT2222ANPN General Purpose AmplifierFeatures• This device is for use as a medium power amplifier and switch requiring collector currents up to 500mA.• Sourced from process 19.
Absolute Maximum Ratings * Ta = 25°C unless otherwise noted
* This ratings are limiting values above which the serviceability of any semiconductor device may be impaired.NOTES:1) These rating are based on a maximum junction temperature of 150 degrees C.2) These are steady limits. The factory should be consulted on applications involving pulsed or low duty cycle operations.
Thermal Characteristics Ta = 25°C unless otherwise noted
* Device mounted on FR-4 PCB 1.6” × 1.6” × 0.06”.** Device mounted on FR-4 PCB 36mm × 18mm × 1.5mm; mounting pad for the collector lead min. 6cm2.
Symbol Parameter Value UnitsVCEO Collector-Emitter Voltage 40 V
VCBO Collector-Base Voltage 75 V
VEBO Emitter-Base Voltage 6.0 V
IC Collector Current 1.0 A
TSTG Operating and Storage Junction Temperature Range - 55 ~ 150 °C
Symbol ParameterMax.
UnitsPN2222A *MMBT2222A **PZT2222A
PDTotal Device DissipationDerate above 25°C
6255.0
3502.8
1,0008.0
mWmW/°C
RθJC Thermal Resistance, Junction to Case 83.3 °C/W
RθJA Thermal Resistance, Junction to Ambient 200 357 125 °C/W
The Arduino Ethernet Shield connects your Arduino to the internet in mere minutes. Just plug this module onto your
Arduino board, connect it to your network with an RJ45 cable (not included) and follow a few simple instructions to
start controlling your world through the internet. As always with Arduino, every element of the platform – hardware,
software and documentation – is freely available and open-source. This means you can learn exactly how it's made and
use its design as the starting point for your own circuits. Hundreds of thousands of Arduino boards are already fueling
people’s creativity all over the world, everyday. Join us now, Arduino is you!
Requires and Arduino board (not included)
Operating voltage 5V (supplied from the Arduino Board)
Ethernet Controller: W5100 with internal 16K buffer
Connection speed: 10/100Mb
Connection with Arduino on SPI port
Description
The Arduino Ethernet Shield allows an Arduino board to connect to the internet. It is based on the Wiznet W5100
ethernet chip (datasheet). The Wiznet W5100 provides a network (IP) stack capable of both TCP and UDP. It supports
up to four simultaneous socket connections. Use the Ethernet library to write sketches which connect to the internet
using the shield. The ethernet shield connects to an Arduino board using long wire-wrap headers which extend through
the shield. This keeps the pin layout intact and allows another shield to be stacked on top.
The most recent revision of the board exposes the 1.0 pinout on rev 3 of the Arduino UNO board.
The Ethernet Shield has a standard RJ-45 connection, with an integrated line transformer and Power over Ethernet
enabled.
1
There is an onboard micro-SD card slot, which can be used to store files for serving over the network. It is compatible
with the Arduino Uno and Mega (using the Ethernet library). The onboard microSD card reader is accessible through
the SD Library. When working with this library, SS is on Pin 4. The original revision of the shield contained a full-size
SD card slot; this is not supported.
The shield also includes a reset controller, to ensure that the W5100 Ethernet module is properly reset on power-up.
Previous revisions of the shield were not compatible with the Mega and need to be manually reset after power-up.
The current shield has a Power over Ethernet (PoE) module designed to extract power from a conventional twisted pair
Category 5 Ethernet cable:
IEEE802.3af compliant
Low output ripple and noise (100mVpp)
Input voltage range 36V to 57V
Overload and short-circuit protection
9V Output
High efficiency DC/DC converter: typ 75% @ 50% load
1500V isolation (input to output)
NB: the Power over Ethernet module is proprietary hardware not made by Arduino, it is a third party accessory. For
more information, see the datasheet
The shield does not come with the PoE module built in, it is a separate component that must be added on.
Arduino communicates with both the W5100 and SD card using the SPI bus (through the ICSP header). This is on
digital pins 11, 12, and 13 on the Duemilanove and pins 50, 51, and 52 on the Mega. On both boards, pin 10 is used to
select the W5100 and pin 4 for the SD card. These pins cannot be used for general i/o. On the Mega, the hardware SS
pin, 53, is not used to select either the W5100 or the SD card, but it must be kept as an output or the SPI interface won't
work.
Note that because the W5100 and SD card share the SPI bus, only one can be active at a time. If you are using both
peripherals in your program, this should be taken care of by the corresponding libraries. If you're not using one of the
peripherals in your program, however, you'll need to explicitly deselect it. To do this with the SD card, set pin 4 as an
output and write a high to it. For the W5100, set digital pin 10 as a high output.
The shield provides a standard RJ45 ethernet jack.
The reset button on the shield resets both the W5100 and the Arduino board.
The shield contains a number of informational LEDs:
PWR: indicates that the board and shield are powered
LINK: indicates the presence of a network link and flashes when the shield transmits or receives data
FULLD: indicates that the network connection is full duplex
100M: indicates the presence of a 100 Mb/s network connection (as opposed to 10 Mb/s)
RX: flashes when the shield receives data
TX: flashes when the shield sends data
COLL: flashes when network collisions are detected
The solder jumper marked "INT" can be connected to allow the Arduino board to receive interrupt-driven notification
of events from the W5100, but this is not supported by the Ethernet library. The jumper connects the INT pin of the
W5100 to digital pin 2 of the Arduino.
See also: getting started with the ethernet shield and Ethernet library reference
2
AVAILABLE
Functional Diagrams
Pin Configurations appear at end of data sheet.Functional Diagrams continued at end of data sheet.UCSP is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maximintegrated.com.
REV: 100208
GENERAL DESCRIPTION The DS1307 serial real-time clock (RTC) is a low-power, full binary-coded decimal (BCD) clock/calendar plus 56 bytes of NV SRAM. Address and data are transferred serially through an I2C, bidirectional bus. The clock/calendar provides seconds, minutes, hours, day, date, month, and year information. The end of the month date is automatically adjusted for months with fewer than 31 days, including corrections for leap year. The clock operates in either the 24-hour or 12-hour format with AM/PM indicator. The DS1307 has a built-in power-sense circuit that detects power failures and automatically switches to the backup supply. Timekeeping operation continues while the part operates from the backup supply. TYPICAL OPERATING CIRCUIT
FEATURES Real-Time Clock (RTC) Counts Seconds,
Minutes, Hours, Date of the Month, Month, Day of the week, and Year with Leap-Year Compensation Valid Up to 2100
56-Byte, Battery-Backed, General-Purpose RAM with Unlimited Writes
I2C Serial Interface Programmable Square-Wave Output Signal Automatic Power-Fail Detect and Switch Circuitry Consumes Less than 500nA in Battery-Backup
Mode with Oscillator Running Optional Industrial Temperature Range:
-40°C to +85°C Available in 8-Pin Plastic DIP or SO Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Recognized PIN CONFIGURATIONS
VCC
SCLSDA
X1
X2VBAT
GND
SQW/OUTVCC
SCLSDA
X1
X2VBAT
GND
SQW/OUT
PDIP (300 mils)SO (150 mils)
TOP VIEW
ORDERING INFORMATION PART TEMP RANGE VOLTAGE (V) PIN-PACKAGE TOP MARK*
DS1307+ 0°C to +70°C 5.0 8 PDIP (300 mils) DS1307 DS1307N+ -40°C to +85°C 5.0 8 PDIP (300 mils) DS1307N DS1307Z+ 0°C to +70°C 5.0 8 SO (150 mils) DS1307 DS1307ZN+ -40°C to +85°C 5.0 8 SO (150 mils) DS1307N DS1307Z+T&R 0°C to +70°C 5.0 8 SO (150 mils) Tape and Reel DS1307 DS1307ZN+T&R -40°C to +85°C 5.0 8 SO (150 mils) Tape and Reel DS1307N
+Denotes a lead-free/RoHS-compliant package. *A “+” anywhere on the top mark indicates a lead-free package. An “N” anywhere on the top mark indicates an industrial temperature range device.
DS130
CPU
V CC
V CC
V CC
SDA
SCL
GND
X2 X1
V CC
R PU R PU CRYSTAL
SQW/OUT
V BAT
R PU = t r /C b
DS1307 64 x 8, Serial, I2C Real-Time Clock
DS1307 64 x 8, Serial, I2C Real-Time Clock
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ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Voltage Range on Any Pin Relative to Ground ................................................................................ -0.5V to +7.0V Operating Temperature Range (Noncondensing)
Commercial .......................................................................................................................... 0°C to +70°C Industrial ............................................................................................................................ -40°C to +85°C
Storage Temperature Range ......................................................................................................... -55°C to +125°C Soldering Temperature (DIP, leads) .................................................................................... +260°C for 10 seconds Soldering Temperature (surface mount)…..……………………….Refer to the JPC/JEDEC J-STD-020 Specification.
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to the absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
RECOMMENDED DC OPERATING CONDITIONS (TA = 0°C to +70°C, TA = -40°C to +85°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
Supply Voltage VCC 4.5 5.0 5.5 V
Logic 1 Input VIH 2.2 VCC + 0.3 V
Logic 0 Input VIL -0.3 +0.8 V
VBAT Battery Voltage VBAT 2.0 3 3.5 V
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = 4.5V to 5.5V; TA = 0°C to +70°C, TA = -40°C to +85°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
Input Leakage (SCL) ILI -1 1 µA
I/O Leakage (SDA, SQW/OUT) ILO -1 1 µA
Logic 0 Output (IOL = 5mA) VOL 0.4 V Active Supply Current (fSCL = 100kHz) ICCA 1.5 mA
Standby Current ICCS (Note 3) 200 µA
VBAT Leakage Current IBATLKG 5 50 nA
Power-Fail Voltage (VBAT = 3.0V) VPF 1.216 x VBAT
1.25 x VBAT
1.284 x VBAT
V
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = 0V, VBAT = 3.0V; TA = 0°C to +70°C, TA = -40°C to +85°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
VBAT Current (OSC ON); SQW/OUT OFF IBAT1 300 500 nA
VBAT Current (OSC ON); SQW/OUT ON (32kHz) IBAT2 480 800 nA
VBAT Data-Retention Current (Oscillator Off) IBATDR 10 100 nA
WARNING: Negative undershoots below -0.3V while the part is in battery-backed mode may cause loss of data.
DS1307 64 x 8, Serial, I2C Real-Time Clock
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AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = 4.5V to 5.5V; TA = 0°C to +70°C, TA = -40°C to +85°C.)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
SCL Clock Frequency fSCL 0 100 kHz Bus Free Time Between a STOP and START Condition tBUF 4.7 µs
Hold Time (Repeated) START Condition tHD:STA (Note 4) 4.0 µs
LOW Period of SCL Clock tLOW 4.7 µs
HIGH Period of SCL Clock tHIGH 4.0 µs Setup Time for a Repeated START Condition tSU:STA 4.7 µs
Data Hold Time tHD:DAT 0 µs
Data Setup Time tSU:DAT (Notes 5, 6) 250 ns
Rise Time of Both SDA and SCL Signals tR 1000 ns
Fall Time of Both SDA and SCL Signals tF 300 ns
Setup Time for STOP Condition tSU:STO 4.7 µs
CAPACITANCE (TA = +25°C)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
Pin Capacitance (SDA, SCL) CI/O 10 pF Capacitance Load for Each Bus Line CB (Note 7) 400 pF
Note 1: All voltages are referenced to ground. Note 2: Limits at -40°C are guaranteed by design and are not production tested. Note 3: ICCS specified with VCC = 5.0V and SDA, SCL = 5.0V. Note 4: After this period, the first clock pulse is generated. Note 5: A device must internally provide a hold time of at least 300ns for the SDA signal (referred to the VIH(MIN) of the SCL
signal) to bridge the undefined region of the falling edge of SCL. Note 6: The maximum tHD:DAT only has to be met if the device does not stretch the LOW period (tLOW) of the SCL signal. Note 7: CB—total capacitance of one bus line in pF.
1 X1 Connections for Standard 32.768kHz Quartz Crystal. The internal oscillator circuitry is designed for operation with a crystal having a specified load capacitance (CL) of 12.5pF. X1 is the input to the oscillator and can optionally be connected to an external 32.768kHz oscillator. The output of the internal oscillator, X2, is floated if an external oscillator is connected to X1. Note: For more information on crystal selection and crystal layout considerations, refer to Application Note 58: Crystal Considerations with Dallas Real-Time Clocks.
2 X2
3 VBAT
Backup Supply Input for Any Standard 3V Lithium Cell or Other Energy Source. Battery voltage must be held between the minimum and maximum limits for proper operation. Diodes in series between the battery and the VBAT pin may prevent proper operation. If a backup supply is not required, VBAT must be grounded. The nominal power-fail trip point (VPF) voltage at which access to the RTC and user RAM is denied is set by the internal circuitry as 1.25 x VBAT nominal. A lithium battery with 48mAh or greater will back up the DS1307 for more than 10 years in the absence of power at +25°C. UL recognized to ensure against reverse charging current when used with a lithium battery. Go to: www.maxim-ic.com/qa/info/ul/.
4 GND Ground
5 SDA Serial Data Input/Output. SDA is the data input/output for the I2C serial interface. The SDA pin is open drain and requires an external pullup resistor. The pullup voltage can be up to 5.5V regardless of the voltage on VCC.
6 SCL Serial Clock Input. SCL is the clock input for the I2C interface and is used to synchronize data movement on the serial interface. The pullup voltage can be up to 5.5V regardless of the voltage on VCC.
7 SQW/OUT
Square Wave/Output Driver. When enabled, the SQWE bit set to 1, the SQW/OUT pin outputs one of four square-wave frequencies (1Hz, 4kHz, 8kHz, 32kHz). The SQW/OUT pin is open drain and requires an external pullup resistor. SQW/OUT operates with either VCC or VBAT applied. The pullup voltage can be up to 5.5V regardless of the voltage on VCC. If not used, this pin can be left floating.
8 VCC
Primary Power Supply. When voltage is applied within normal limits, the device is fully accessible and data can be written and read. When a backup supply is connected to the device and VCC is below VTP, read and writes are inhibited. However, the timekeeping function continues unaffected by the lower input voltage.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION The DS1307 is a low-power clock/calendar with 56 bytes of battery-backed SRAM. The clock/calendar provides seconds, minutes, hours, day, date, month, and year information. The date at the end of the month is automatically adjusted for months with fewer than 31 days, including corrections for leap year. The DS1307 operates as a slave device on the I2C bus. Access is obtained by implementing a START condition and providing a device identification code followed by a register address. Subsequent registers can be accessed sequentially until a STOP condition is executed. When VCC falls below 1.25 x VBAT, the device terminates an access in progress and resets the device address counter. Inputs to the device will not be recognized at this time to prevent erroneous data from being written to the device from an out-of-tolerance system. When VCC falls below VBAT, the device switches into a low-current battery-backup mode. Upon power-up, the device switches from battery to VCC when VCC is greater than VBAT +0.2V and recognizes inputs when VCC is greater than 1.25 x VBAT. The block diagram in Figure 1 shows the main elements of the serial RTC.
OSCILLATOR CIRCUIT The DS1307 uses an external 32.768kHz crystal. The oscillator circuit does not require any external resistors or capacitors to operate. Table 1 specifies several crystal parameters for the external crystal. Figure 1 shows a functional schematic of the oscillator circuit. If using a crystal with the specified characteristics, the startup time is usually less than one second. CLOCK ACCURACY The accuracy of the clock is dependent upon the accuracy of the crystal and the accuracy of the match between the capacitive load of the oscillator circuit and the capacitive load for which the crystal was trimmed. Additional error will be added by crystal frequency drift caused by temperature shifts. External circuit noise coupled into the oscillator circuit may result in the clock running fast. Refer to Application Note 58: Crystal Considerations with Dallas Real-Time Clocks for detailed information. Table 1. Crystal Specifications*
PARAMETER SYMBOL MIN TYP MAX UNITS Nominal Frequency fO 32.768 kHz Series Resistance ESR 45 kΩ Load Capacitance CL 12.5 pF
*The crystal, traces, and crystal input pins should be isolated from RF generating signals. Refer to Application Note 58: Crystal Considerations for Dallas Real-Time Clocks for additional specifications. Figure 2. Recommended Layout for Crystal RTC AND RAM ADDRESS MAP Table 2 shows the address map for the DS1307 RTC and RAM registers. The RTC registers are located in address locations 00h to 07h. The RAM registers are located in address locations 08h to 3Fh. During a multibyte access, when the address pointer reaches 3Fh, the end of RAM space, it wraps around to location 00h, the beginning of the clock space.
NOTE: AVOID ROUTING SIGNAL LINES IN THE CROSSHATCHED AREA (UPPER LEFT QUADRANT) OF THE PACKAGE UNLESS THERE IS A GROUND PLANE BETWEEN THE SIGNAL LINE AND THE DEVICE PACKAGE.
LOCAL GROUND PLANE (LAYER 2)
CRYSTAL X1
X2
GND
DS1307 64 x 8, Serial, I2C Real-Time Clock
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CLOCK AND CALENDAR The time and calendar information is obtained by reading the appropriate register bytes. Table 2 shows the RTC registers. The time and calendar are set or initialized by writing the appropriate register bytes. The contents of the time and calendar registers are in the BCD format. The day-of-week register increments at midnight. Values that correspond to the day of week are user-defined but must be sequential (i.e., if 1 equals Sunday, then 2 equals Monday, and so on.) Illogical time and date entries result in undefined operation. Bit 7 of Register 0 is the clock halt (CH) bit. When this bit is set to 1, the oscillator is disabled. When cleared to 0, the oscillator is enabled. On first application of power to the device the time and date registers are typically reset to 01/01/00 01 00:00:00 (MM/DD/YY DOW HH:MM:SS). The CH bit in the seconds register will be set to a 1. The clock can be halted whenever the timekeeping functions are not required, which minimizes current (IBATDR). The DS1307 can be run in either 12-hour or 24-hour mode. Bit 6 of the hours register is defined as the 12-hour or 24-hour mode-select bit. When high, the 12-hour mode is selected. In the 12-hour mode, bit 5 is the AM/PM bit with logic high being PM. In the 24-hour mode, bit 5 is the second 10-hour bit (20 to 23 hours). The hours value must be re-entered whenever the 12/24-hour mode bit is changed. When reading or writing the time and date registers, secondary (user) buffers are used to prevent errors when the internal registers update. When reading the time and date registers, the user buffers are synchronized to the internal registers on any I2C START. The time information is read from these secondary registers while the clock continues to run. This eliminates the need to re-read the registers in case the internal registers update during a read. The divider chain is reset whenever the seconds register is written. Write transfers occur on the I2C acknowledge from the DS1307. Once the divider chain is reset, to avoid rollover issues, the remaining time and date registers must be written within one second. Table 2. Timekeeper Registers ADDRESS BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 FUNCTION RANGE
AM 03h 0 0 0 0 0 DAY Day 01–07 04h 0 0 10 Date Date Date 01–31
05h 0 0 0 10 Month Month Month 01–12
06h 10 Year Year Year 00–99 07h OUT 0 0 SQWE 0 0 RS1 RS0 Control —
08h–3Fh RAM 56 x 8 00h–FFh
0 = Always reads back as 0.
DS1307 64 x 8, Serial, I2C Real-Time Clock
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CONTROL REGISTER The DS1307 control register is used to control the operation of the SQW/OUT pin.
BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 OUT 0 0 SQWE 0 0 RS1 RS0
Bit 7: Output Control (OUT). This bit controls the output level of the SQW/OUT pin when the square-wave output is disabled. If SQWE = 0, the logic level on the SQW/OUT pin is 1 if OUT = 1 and is 0 if OUT = 0. On initial application of power to the device, this bit is typically set to a 0. Bit 4: Square-Wave Enable (SQWE). This bit, when set to logic 1, enables the oscillator output. The frequency of the square-wave output depends upon the value of the RS0 and RS1 bits. With the square-wave output set to 1Hz, the clock registers update on the falling edge of the square wave. On initial application of power to the device, this bit is typically set to a 0. Bits 1 and 0: Rate Select (RS[1:0]). These bits control the frequency of the square-wave output when the square-wave output has been enabled. The following table lists the square-wave frequencies that can be selected with the RS bits. On initial application of power to the device, these bits are typically set to a 1.
RS1 RS0 SQW/OUT OUTPUT SQWE OUT 0 0 1Hz 1 X 0 1 4.096kHz 1 X 1 0 8.192kHz 1 X 1 1 32.768kHz 1 X X X 0 0 0 X X 1 0 1
DS1307 64 x 8, Serial, I2C Real-Time Clock
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I2C DATA BUS The DS1307 supports the I2C protocol. A device that sends data onto the bus is defined as a transmitter and a device receiving data as a receiver. The device that controls the message is called a master. The devices that are controlled by the master are referred to as slaves. The bus must be controlled by a master device that generates the serial clock (SCL), controls the bus access, and generates the START and STOP conditions. The DS1307 operates as a slave on the I2C bus. Figures 3, 4, and 5 detail how data is transferred on the I2C bus. Data transfer can be initiated only when the bus is not busy. During data transfer, the data line must remain stable whenever the clock line is HIGH. Changes in the data
line while the clock line is high will be interpreted as control signals. Accordingly, the following bus conditions have been defined:
Bus not busy: Both data and clock lines remain HIGH. START data transfer: A change in the state of the data line, from HIGH to LOW, while the clock is HIGH, defines a START condition. STOP data transfer: A change in the state of the data line, from LOW to HIGH, while the clock line is HIGH, defines the STOP condition. Data valid: The state of the data line represents valid data when, after a START condition, the data line is stable for the duration of the HIGH period of the clock signal. The data on the line must be changed during the LOW period of the clock signal. There is one clock pulse per bit of data.
Each data transfer is initiated with a START condition and terminated with a STOP condition. The number of data bytes transferred between START and STOP conditions is not limited, and is determined by the master device. The information is transferred byte-wise and each receiver acknowledges with a ninth bit. Within the I2C bus specifications a standard mode (100kHz clock rate) and a fast mode (400kHz clock rate) are defined. The DS1307 operates in the standard mode (100kHz) only. Acknowledge: Each receiving device, when addressed, is obliged to generate an acknowledge after the reception of each byte. The master device must generate an extra clock pulse which is associated with this acknowledge bit.
A device that acknowledges must pull down the SDA line during the acknowledge clock pulse in such a way that the SDA line is stable LOW during the HIGH period of the acknowledge related clock pulse. Of course, setup and hold times must be taken into account. A master must signal an end of data to the slave by not generating an acknowledge bit on the last byte that has been clocked out of the slave. In this case, the slave must leave the data line HIGH to enable the master to generate the STOP condition.
DS1307 64 x 8, Serial, I2C Real-Time Clock
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Figure 3. Data Transfer on I2C Serial Bus Depending upon the state of the R/W bit, two types of data transfer are possible: 1. Data transfer from a master transmitter to a slave receiver. The first byte transmitted by the master is the
slave address. Next follows a number of data bytes. The slave returns an acknowledge bit after each received byte. Data is transferred with the most significant bit (MSB) first.
2. Data transfer from a slave transmitter to a master receiver. The first byte (the slave address) is transmitted by the master. The slave then returns an acknowledge bit. This is followed by the slave transmitting a number of data bytes. The master returns an acknowledge bit after all received bytes other than the last byte. At the end of the last received byte, a “not acknowledge” is returned.
The master device generates all the serial clock pulses and the START and STOP conditions. A transfer is ended with a STOP condition or with a repeated START condition. Since a repeated START condition is also the beginning of the next serial transfer, the bus will not be released. Data is transferred with the most significant bit (MSB) first.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT SIGNAL FROM RECEIVER
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT SIGNAL FROM RECEIVER
R/ W DIRECTION
BIT
REPEATED IF MORE BYTES ARE TRANSFERED
START CONDITION
STOP CONDITION
OR REPEATED
START CONDITION
MSB
1 2 6 7 8 9 1 2 3-7 8 9 ACK ACK
SDA
SCL
DS1307 64 x 8, Serial, I2C Real-Time Clock
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...AXXXXXXXXA1101000S 0 XXXXXXXX A XXXXXXXX A XXXXXXXX A P
S - StartA - Acknowledge (ACK)P - StopA - Not Acknowledge (NACK)
<RW
>
DATA TRANSFERRED(X+1 BYTES + ACKNOWLEDGE); NOTE: LAST DATA BYTE IS
FOLLOWED BY A NOT ACKNOWLEDGE (A) SIGNAL)
Master to slave
Slave to master
...A
The DS1307 can operate in the following two modes:
1. Slave Receiver Mode (Write Mode): Serial data and clock are received through SDA and SCL. After each byte is received an acknowledge bit is transmitted. START and STOP conditions are recognized as the beginning and end of a serial transfer. Hardware performs address recognition after reception of the slave address and direction bit (see Figure 4). The slave address byte is the first byte received after the master generates the START condition. The slave address byte contains the 7-bit DS1307 address, which is 1101000, followed by the direction bit (R/W), which for a write is 0. After receiving and decoding the slave address byte, the DS1307 outputs an acknowledge on SDA. After the DS1307 acknowledges the slave address + write bit, the master transmits a word address to the DS1307. This sets the register pointer on the DS1307, with the DS1307 acknowledging the transfer. The master can then transmit zero or more bytes of data with the DS1307 acknowledging each byte received. The register pointer automatically increments after each data byte are written. The master will generate a STOP condition to terminate the data write.
2. Slave Transmitter Mode (Read Mode): The first byte is received and handled as in the slave receiver mode. However, in this mode, the direction bit will indicate that the transfer direction is reversed. The DS1307 transmits serial data on SDA while the serial clock is input on SCL. START and STOP conditions are recognized as the beginning and end of a serial transfer (see Figure 5). The slave address byte is the first byte received after the START condition is generated by the master. The slave address byte contains the 7-bit DS1307 address, which is 1101000, followed by the direction bit (R/W), which is 1 for a read. After receiving and decoding the slave address the DS1307 outputs an acknowledge on SDA. The DS1307 then begins to transmit data starting with the register address pointed to by the register pointer. If the register pointer is not written to before the initiation of a read mode the first address that is read is the last one stored in the register pointer. The register pointer automatically increments after each byte are read. The DS1307 must receive a Not Acknowledge to end a read.
Figure 4. Data Write—Slave Receiver Mode Figure 5. Data Read—Slave Transmitter Mode
S - StartSr - Repeated StartA - Acknowledge (ACK)P - StopA - Not Acknowledge (NACK)
<RW
>
DATA TRANSFERRED(X+1 BYTES + ACKNOWLEDGE); NOTE: LAST DATA BYTE IS
FOLLOWED BY A NOT ACKNOWLEDGE (A) SIGNAL)
Master to slave
Slave to master
...
AXXXXXXXXA0 1101000Sr A1
<Data(n)> <Data(n+1)> <Data(n+2)> <Data(n+X)>
<RW
>
A
Figure 6. Data Read (Write Pointer, Then Read)—Slave Receive and Transmit PACKAGE INFORMATION For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.
Moved the Typical Operating Circuit and Pin Configurations to first page. 1
Removed the leaded part numbers from the Ordering Information table. 1 Added an open-drain transistor to SQW/OUT in the block diagram (Figure 1). 4 Added the pullup voltage range for SDA, SCL, and SQW/OUT to the Pin Description table and noted that SQW/OUT can be left open if not used. 6
Added default time and date values on first application of power to the Clock and Calendar section and deleted the note that initial power-on state is not defined.
8
Added default on initial application of power to bit info in the Control Register section. 9
Updated the Package Information section to reflect new package outline drawing numbers. 13
14Maxim Integrated 160 Rio Robles, San Jose, CA 95134 USA 1-408-601-1000
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max limits) shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance.
Stand-alone Convert Input RST - 3-Wire Reset Input GND - Ground THIGH - High Temperature Trigger TLOW - Low Temperature Trigger TCOM - High/Low Combination Trigger VDD - Power Supply Voltage (3V - 5V)
DESCRIPTION The DS1620 Digital Thermometer and Thermostat provides 9–bit temperature readings which indicate the temperature of the device. With three thermal alarm outputs, the DS1620 can also act as a thermostat. THIGH is driven high if the DS1620’s temperature is greater than or equal to a user–defined temperature TH. TLOW is driven high if the DS1620’s temperature is less than or equal to a user–defined temperature TL. TCOM is driven high when the temperature exceeds TH and stays high until the temperature falls below that of TL.
DS1620Digital Thermometer and
Thermostat
www.maxim-ic.com
6 3
1
2
4
8
7
5
DQ
CLK/CONV
RST
GND
VDD
THIGH
TLOW
TCOM
DS1620S 8-Pin SOIC (208-mil)
6 3
1
2
4
8
7
5
DQ
CLK/CONV
RST
GND
VDD
THIGH
TLOW
TCOM
DS1620 8-Pin DIP (300-mil)
DS1620
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User–defined temperature settings are stored in nonvolatile memory, so parts can be programmed prior to insertion in a system, as well as used in standalone applications without a CPU. Temperature settings and temperature readings are all communicated to/from the DS1620 over a simple 3–wire interface. ORDERING INFORMATION
Tape-and-Reel Note: A “+” symbol will also be marked on the package near the Pin 1 indicator DETAILED PIN DESCRIPTION Table 1
PIN SYMBOL DESCRIPTION 1 DQ Data Input/Output pin for 3-wire communication port. 2 CLK/ CONV Clock input pin for 3-wire communication port. When the DS1620 is used in a
stand-alone application with no 3–wire port, this pin can be used as a convert pin. Temperature conversion will begin on the falling edge of CONV .
3 RST Reset input pin for 3-wire communication port. 4 GND Ground pin. 5 TCOM High/Low Combination Trigger. Goes high when temperature exceeds TH;
will reset to low when temperature falls below TL. 6 TLOW Low Temperature Trigger. Goes high when temperature falls below TL. 7 THIGH High Temperature Trigger. Goes high when temperature exceeds TH. 8 VDD Supply Voltage. 2.7V – 5.5V input power pin.
Table 2. DS1620 REGISTER SUMMARY
REGISTER NAME (USER ACCESS) SIZE MEMORY
TYPE REGISTER CONTENTS
AND POWER-UP/POR STATE Temperature (Read Only) 9 Bits SRAM Measured Temperature (Two’s Complement)
Power-Up/POR State: -60ºC (1 1000 1000)
TH (Read/Write) 9 Bits EEPROM
Upper Alarm Trip Point (Two’s Complement) Power-Up/POR State: User-Defined. Initial State from Factory: +15°C (0 0001 1110)
TL (Read/Write) 9 Bits EEPROM
Lower Alarm Trip Point (Two’s Complement) Power-Up/POR State: User-Defined. Initial State from Factory: +10°C (0 0001 0100)
OPERATION-MEASURING TEMPERATURE A block diagram of the DS1620 is shown in Figure 1. . .
DS1620
3 of 12
DS1620 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM Figure 1 The DS1620 measures temperature using a bandgap-based temperature sensor. The temperature reading is provided in a 9–bit, two’s complement reading by issuing a READ TEMPERATURE command. The data is transmitted serially through the 3–wire serial interface, LSB first. The DS1620 can measure temperature over the range of -55C to +125C in 0.5C increments. For Fahrenheit usage, a lookup table or conversion factor must be used. Since data is transmitted over the 3–wire bus LSB first, temperature data can be written to/read from the
DS1620 as either a 9–bit word (taking RST low after the 9th (MSB) bit), or as two transfers of 8–bit words, with the most significant 7 bits being ignored or set to 0, as illustrated in Table 3. After the MSB, the DS1620 will output 0s. Note that temperature is represented in the DS1620 in terms of a ½C LSB, yielding the 9–bit format shown in Figure 2. TEMPERATURE, TH, and TL REGISTER FORMAT Figure 2
X X X X XX X 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
LSB
T = -25°C
MSB
DS1620
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Table 3 describes the exact relationship of output data to measured temperature. . TEMPERATURE/DATA RELATIONSHIPS Table 3
Higher resolutions may be obtained by reading the temperature, and truncating the 0.5°C bit (the LSB) from the read value. This value is TEMP_READ. The value left in the counter may then be read by issuing a READ COUNTER command. This value is the count remaining (COUNT_REMAIN) after the gate period has ceased. By loading the value of the slope accumulator into the count register (using the READ SLOPE command), this value may then be read, yielding the number of counts per degree C (COUNT_PER_C) at that temperature. The actual temperature may be then be calculated by the user using the following:
TEMPERATURE=TEMP_READ-0.25 + CCOUNT_PER_
IN)COUNT_REMA-_C(COUNT_PER
OPERATION–THERMOSTAT CONTROLS Three thermally triggered outputs, THIGH, TLOW, and TCOM, are provided to allow the DS1620 to be used as a thermostat, as shown in Figure 3. When the DS1620’s temperature meets or exceeds the value stored in the high temperature trip register, the output THIGH becomes active (high) and remains active until the DS1620’s measured temperature becomes less than the stored value in the high temperature register, TH. The THIGH output can be used to indicate that a high temperature tolerance boundary has been met or exceeded, or it can be used as part of a closed loop system to activate a cooling system and deactivate it when the system temperature returns to tolerance. The TLOW output functions similarly to the THIGH output. When the DS1620’s measured temperature equals or falls below the value stored in the low temperature register, the TLOW output becomes active. TLOW remains active until the DS1620’s temperature becomes greater than the value stored in the low temperature register, TL. The TLOW output can be used to indicate that a low temperature tolerance boundary has been met or exceeded, or as part of a closed loop system it can be used to activate a heating system and deactivate it when the system temperature returns to tolerance. The TCOM output goes high when the measured temperature meets or exceeds TH, and will stay high until the temperature equals or falls below TL. In this way, any amount of hysteresis can be obtained.
DS1620
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THERMOSTAT OUTPUT OPERATION Figure 3 OPERATION AND CONTROL The DS1620 must have temperature settings resident in the TH and TL registers for thermostatic operation. A configuration/status register also determines the method of operation that the DS1620 will use in a particular application and indicates the status of the temperature conversion operation. The configuration register is defined as follows: CONFIGURATION/STATUS REGISTER where DONE = Conversion Done Bit. 1=conversion complete, 0=conversion in progress. The power-up/POR state is a 1. THF = Temperature High Flag. This bit will be set to 1 when the temperature is greater than or equal to the value of TH. It will remain 1 until reset by writing 0 into this location or by removing power from the device. This feature provides a method of determining if the DS1620 has ever been subjected to temperatures above TH while power has been applied. The power-up/POR state is a 0. TLF = Temperature Low Flag. This bit will be set to 1 when the temperature is less than or equal to the value of TL. It will remain 1 until reset by writing 0 into this location or by removing power from the device. This feature provides a method of determining if the DS1620 has ever been subjected to temperatures below TL while power has been applied. The power-up/POR state is a 0. NVB = Nonvolatile Memory Busy Flag. 1=write to an E2
memory cell in progress. 0=nonvolatile memory is not busy. A copy to E2
may take up to 10 ms. The power-up/POR state is a 0. CPU = CPU Use Bit. If CPU=0, the CLK/ CONV pin acts as a conversion start control, when RST is low. If CPU is 1, the DS1620 will be used with a CPU communicating to it over the 3–wire port, and the operation of the CLK/ CONV pin is as a normal clock in concert with DQ and RST . This bit is stored in nonvolatile E2
memory, capable of at least 50,000 writes. The DS1620 is shipped with CPU=0.
THIGH
TLOW
TCOM
TL TH T(°C)
DONE THF TLF NVB 1 0 CPU 1SHOT
DS1620
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1SHOT = One–Shot Mode. If 1SHOT is 1, the DS1620 will perform one temperature conversion upon reception of the Start Convert T protocol. If 1SHOT is 0, the DS1620 will continuously perform temperature conversion. This bit is stored in nonvolatile E2
memory, capable of at least 50,000 writes. The DS1620 is shipped with 1SHOT=0. For typical thermostat operation, the DS1620 will operate in continuous mode. However, for applications where only one reading is needed at certain times or to conserve power, the one–shot mode may be used. Note that the thermostat outputs (THIGH, TLOW, TCOM) will remain in the state they were in after the last valid temperature conversion cycle when operating in one–shot mode. OPERATION IN STAND–ALONE MODE In applications where the DS1620 is used as a simple thermostat, no CPU is required. Since the temperature limits are nonvolatile, the DS1620 can be programmed prior to insertion in the system. In order to facilitate operation without a CPU, the CLK/ CONV pin (pin 2) can be used to initiate conversions. Note that the CPU bit must be set to 0 in the configuration register to use this mode of operation. Whether CPU=0 or 1, the 3–wire port is active. Setting CPU=1 disables the stand–alone mode. To use the CLK/ CONV pin to initiate conversions, RST must be low and CLK/ CONV must be high. If CLK/ CONV is driven low and then brought high in less than 10 ms, one temperature conversion will be performed and then the DS1620 will return to an idle state. If CLK/ CONV is driven low and remains low, continuous conversions will take place until CLK/ CONV is brought high again. With the CPU bit set to 0, the CLK/ CONV will override the 1SHOT bit if it is equal to 1. This means that even if the part is set for one–shot mode, driving CLK/ CONV low will initiate conversions. 3–WIRE COMMUNICATIONS The 3–wire bus is comprised of three signals. These are the RST (reset) signal, the CLK (clock) signal, and the DQ (data) signal. All data transfers are initiated by driving the RST input high. Driving the RST input low terminates communication. (See Figures 4 and 5.) A clock cycle is a sequence of a falling edge followed by a rising edge. For data inputs, the data must be valid during the rising edge of a clock cycle. Data bits are output on the falling edge of the clock and remain valid through the rising edge. When reading data from the DS1620, the DQ pin goes to a high-impedance state while the clock is high. Taking RST low will terminate any communication and cause the DQ pin to go to a high-impedance state. Data over the 3–wire interface is communicated LSB first. The command set for the 3–wire interface as shown in Table 4 is as follows. Read Temperature [AAh] This command reads the contents of the register which contains the last temperature conversion result. The next nine clock cycles will output the contents of this register. Write TH [01h] This command writes to the TH (HIGH TEMPERATURE) register. After issuing this command the next nine clock cycles clock in the 9–bit temperature limit which will set the threshold for operation of the THIGH output.
DS1620
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Write TL [02h] This command writes to the TL (LOW TEMPERATURE) register. After issuing this command the next nine clock cycles clock in the 9–bit temperature limit which will set the threshold for operation of the TLOW output. Read TH [A1h] This command reads the value of the TH (HIGH TEMPERATURE) register. After issuing this command the next nine clock cycles clock out the 9–bit temperature limit which sets the threshold for operation of the THIGH output. Read TL [A2h] This command reads the value of the TL (LOW TEMPERATURE) register. After issuing this command the next nine clock cycles clock out the 9–bit temperature limit which sets the threshold for operation of the TLOW output. Read Counter [A0h] This command reads the value of the counter byte. The next nine clock cycles will output the contents of this register. Read Slope [A9h] This command reads the value of the slope counter byte from the DS1620. The next nine clock cycles will output the contents of this register. Start Convert T [EEh] This command begins a temperature conversion. No further data is required. In one–shot mode the temperature conversion will be performed and then the DS1620 will remain idle. In continuous mode this command will initiate continuous conversions. Stop Convert T [22h] This command stops temperature conversion. No further data is required. This command may be used to halt a DS1620 in continuous conversion mode. After issuing this command the current temperature measurement will be completed and then the DS1620 will remain idle until a Start Convert T is issued to resume continuous operation. Write Config [0Ch] This command writes to the configuration register. After issuing this command the next eight clock cycles clock in the value of the configuration register. Read Config [ACh] This command reads the value in the configuration register. After issuing this command the next eight clock cycles output the value of the configuration register.
DS1620
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DS1620 COMMAND SET Table 4
INSTRUCTION
DESCRIPTION
PROTOCOL
3-WIRE BUS DATA AFTER
ISSUING PROTOCOL
NOTES TEMPERATURE CONVERSION COMMANDS
Read Temperature Reads last converted temperature value from temperature register.
AAh <read data>
Read Counter Reads value of count remaining from counter.
A0h <read data>
Read Slope Reads value of the slope accumulator.
A9h <read data>
Start Convert T Initiates temperature conversion. EEh Idle 1 Stop Convert T Halts temperature conversion. 22h Idle 1
THERMOSTAT COMMANDS Write TH Writes high temperature limit value
into TH register. 01h <write data> 2
Write TL Writes low temperature limit value into TL register.
02h <write data> 2
Read TH Reads stored value of high temperature limit from TH register.
A1h <read data> 2
Read TL Reads stored value of low temperature limit from TL register.
A2h <read data> 2
Write Config Writes configuration data to configuration register.
0Ch <write data> 2
Read Config Reads configuration data from configuration register.
ACh <read data> 2
NOTES: 1. In continuous conversion mode, a Stop Convert T command will halt continuous conversion. To
restart, the Start Convert T command must be issued. In one–shot mode, a Start Convert T command must be issued for every temperature reading desired.
2. Writing to the E2 requires up to 10 ms at room temperature. After issuing a write command no further writes should be requested for at least 10 ms.
DS1620
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FUNCTION EXAMPLE Example: CPU sets up DS1620 for continuous conversion and thermostatic function.
CPU MODE
DS1620 MODE (3-WIRE)
DATA (LSB FIRST)
COMMENTS
TX RX 0Ch CPU issues Write Config command TX RX 00h CPU sets DS1620 up for continuous
conversion TX RX Toggle RST CPU issues Reset to DS1620 TX RX 01h CPU issues Write TH command TX RX 0050h CPU sends data for TH limit of +40˚C TX RX Toggle RST CPU issues Reset to DS1620 TX RX 02h CPU issues Write TL command TX RX 0014h CPU sends data for TL limit of +10˚C TX RX Toggle RST CPU issues Reset to DS1620 TX RX A1h CPU issues Read TH command RX TX 0050h DS1620 sends back stored value of TH for
CPU to verify TX RX Toggle RST CPU issues Reset to DS1620 TX RX A2h CPU issues Read TL command RX TX 0014h DS1620 sends back stored value of TL for
CPU to verify TX RX Toggle RST CPU issues Reset to DS1620 TX RX EEh CPU issues Start Convert T command TX RX Drop RST CPU issues Reset to DS1620
READ DATA TRANSFER Figure 4
DS1620
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WRITE DATA TRANSFER Figure 5
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS* Voltage on Any Pin Relative to Ground –0.5V to +6.0V Operating Temperature –55C to +125C Storage Temperature –55C to +125C Soldering Temperature 260C for 10 seconds * This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operation sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods of time may affect reliability. RECOMMENDED DC OPERATING CONDITIONS PARAMETER SYMBOL MIN TYP MAX UNITS NOTES Supply VDD 2.7 5.5 V 1,2 Logic 1 VIH 0.7 x VDD VCC + 0.3 V 1 Logic 0 VIL -0.3 0.3 x VDD V 1
NOTE: tCL, tCH, tR, and tF apply to both read and write data transfer.
DS1620
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DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (-55°C to +125°C; VDD=2.7V to 5.5V) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITION MIN MAX UNITS NOTES
0°C to +70°C 3.0V ≤ VDD ≤ 5.5V
±0.5
0°C to +70°C 2.7V ≤ VDD < 3.0V
±1.25
Thermometer Error TERR
-55C to +125C ±2.0
C 2
Thermometer Resolution 12 Bits Logic 0 Output VOL 0.4 V 4 Logic 1 Output VOH 2.4 V 5 Input Resistance RI RST to GND
DQ, CLK to VDD 1 1
M M
Active Supply Current ICC 0°C to +70°C 1 mA 6 Standby Supply Current ISTBY 0°C to +70°C 1.5 µA 6 Input Current on Each Pin
0.4 < VI/O < 0.9 x VDD -10 +10 µA
Thermal Drift ±0.2 °C 7 SINGLE CONVERT TIMING DIAGRAM (STAND-ALONE MODE) AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (-55°C to +125°C; VDD=2.7V to 5.5V) PARAMETERS SYMBOL MIN TYP MAX UNITS NOTES Temperature Conversion Time TTC 750 ms Data to CLK Setup tDC 35 ns 8 CLK to Data Hold tCDH 40 ns 8 CLK to Data Delay tCDD 150 ns 8, 9, 10 CLK Low Time tCL 285 ns 8 CLK High Time tCH 285 ns 8 CLK Frequency fCLK DC 1.75 MHz 8 CLK Rise and Fall tR, tF 500 ns RST to CLK Setup tCC 100 ns 8
CLK to RST Hold tCCH 40 ns 8
RST Inactive Time tCWH 125 ns 8, 11 CLK High to I/O High-Z tCDZ 50 ns 8 RST Low to I/O High-Z tRDZ 50 ns 8 Convert Pulse Width tCNV 250 ns 500 ms 12
tCNV
CONV
DS1620
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AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (-55°C to +125°C; VDD=2.7V to 5.5V) PARAMETER SYMBOL MIN TYP MAX UNITS NOTES Input Capacitance CI 5 pF I/O Capacitance CI/O 10 pF EEPROM AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(-55°C to +125°C; VDD=2.7V to 5.5V) PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS EEPROM Write Cycle Time 4 10 Ms EEPROM Writes -55C to +55C 50k Writes EEPROM Data Retention -55C to +55C 10 Years NOTES: 1. All voltages are referenced to ground. 2. Valid for design revisions D1 and above. The supply range for Rev. C2 and below is 4.5V < 5.5V. 3. Thermometer error reflects temperature accuracy as tested during calibration. 4. Logic 0 voltages are specified at a sink current of 4 mA 5. Logic 1 voltages are specified at a source current of 1 mA. 6. ISTBY, ICC specified with DQ, CLK/ CONV = VDD, and RST = GND. 7. Drift data is based on a 1000hr stress test at +125°C with VDD = 5.5V 8. Measured at VIH = 0.7 x VDD or VIL = 0.3 x VDD. 9. Measured at VOH = 2.4V or VOL = 0.4V. 10. Load capacitance = 50 pF. 11. tCWH must be 10 ms minimum following any write command that involves the E2
memory. 12. 250ns is the guaranteed minimum pulse width for a conversion to start; however, a smaller pulse
width may start a conversion.
14
Photoconductive Cell VT900 Series
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS inch (mm)
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Parameter Symbol Rating Units
Continuous Power Dissipation Derate Above 25°C
PD∆PD / ∆T
801.6
mWmW/°C
Temperature Range Operating and Storage TA –40 to +75 °C
Min. Typ. Max. Typ. Min. sec. Rise (1-1/e) Fall (1/e)
VT9ØN1 6 k 12 k 18 k 6 k 200 k 5 Ø 0.80 100 78 8
VT9ØN2 12 k 24 k 36 k 12 k 500 k 5 Ø 0.80 100 78 8
VT9ØN3 25 k 50 k 75 k 25 k 1 M 5 Ø 0.85 100 78 8
VT9ØN4 50 k 100 k 150 k 50 k 2 M 5 Ø 0.90 100 78 8
VT93N1 12 k 24 k 36 k 12 k 300 k 5 3 0.90 100 35 5
VT93N2 24 k 48 k 72 k 24 k 500 k 5 3 0.90 100 35 5
VT93N3 50 k 100 k 150 k 50 k 500 k 5 3 0.90 100 35 5
VT93N4 100 k 200 k 300 k 100 k 500 k 5 3 0.90 100 35 5
VT935G
Group A 10 k 18.5 k 27 k 9.3 k 1 M 5 3 0.90 100 35 5
Group B 20 k 29 k 38 k 15 k 1 M 5 3 0.90 100 35 5
Group C 31 k 40.5 k 50 k 20 k 1 M 5 3 0.90 100 35 5
4
3 6
LOG (R10/R100)LOG (100/10)
-------------------------------------
1
PerkinElmer Optoelectronics, 10900 Page Ave., St. Louis, MO 63132 USA Phone: 314-423-4900 Fax: 314-423-3956 Web: www.perkinelmer.com/opto
NTCLE100E3www.vishay.com Vishay BCcomponents
Revision: 24-Aug-12 1 Document Number: 29049
For technical questions, contact: [email protected] DOCUMENT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. THE PRODUCTS DESCRIBED HEREIN AND THIS DOCUMENT
ARE SUBJECT TO SPECIFIC DISCLAIMERS, SET FORTH AT www.vishay.com/doc?91000
NTC Thermistors, Radial Leaded, Standard PrecisionFEATURES• Accuracy over a wide temperature range
• High stability over a long life
• Excellent price/performance ratio
• UL recognized, file E148885
• Material categorization:For definitions of compliance please see www.vishay.com/doc?99912
APPLICATIONS• Temperature measurement, sensing and control,
temperature compensation in industrial and consumer electronics
DESCRIPTIONThese thermistors have a negative temperature coefficient. The device consists of a chip with two solid copper tin plated leads. It is grey lacquered and color coded, but not insulated.
PACKAGINGThe thermistors are packed in bulk or tape on reel; see code numbers and relevant packaging quantities.
MARKINGThe thermistors are marked with colored bands; see dimensions drawing and “Electrical data and ordering information”.
MOUNTINGBy soldering in any position.Not intended for potted applications.
QUICK REFERENCE DATAPARAMETER VALUE UNIT
Resistance value at 25 °C 3.3 to 470K
Tolerance on R25-value ± 2; ± 3; ± 5 %
B25/85-value 2880 to 4570 K
Tolerance on B25/85-value ± 0.5 to ± 3 %
Operating temperature range:
°CAt zero power dissipation;continuously - 40 to + 125
At zero power dissipation;for short periods 150
Response time (in oil) 1.2 s
Thermal time constant (for information only) 15 s
Dissipation factor (for information only)
7mW/K8.5
(for R25-value 680 )
Maximum power dissipationat 55 °C 500 mW
Climatic category(LCT/UCT/days) 40/125/56 -
Weight 0.3 g
ELECTRICAL DATA AND ORDERING INFORMATIONR25 B25/85-VALUE UL APPROVED SAP MATERIAL NUMBER OLD 12NC CODE COLOR CODE (3)
() (K) (± %) (Y/N) NTCLE100E3....B0/T1/T2 (2) 2381 640 3/4/6.... (1) I II III3.3 2880 3 N 338*B0 *338 Orange Orange Gold4.7 2880 3 N 478*B0 *478 Yellow Violet Gold6.8 2880 3 N 688*B0 *688 Blue Grey Gold10 2990 3 N 109*B0 *109 Brown Black Black15 3041 3 N 159*B0 *159 Brown Green Black22 3136 3 N 229*B0 *229 Red Red Black33 3390 3 Y 339*B0 *339 Orange Orange Black47 3390 3 Y 479*B0 *479 Yellow Violet Black68 3390 3 Y 689*B0 *689 Blue Grey Black
100 3560 1.5 Y 101*B0 *101 Brown Black Brown150 3560 1.5 Y 151*B0 *151 Brown Green Brown220 3560 1.5 Y 221*B0 *221 Red Red Brown330 3560 1.5 Y 331*B0 *331 Orange Orange Brown
NTCLE100E3www.vishay.com Vishay BCcomponents
Revision: 24-Aug-12 2 Document Number: 29049
For technical questions, contact: [email protected] DOCUMENT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. THE PRODUCTS DESCRIBED HEREIN AND THIS DOCUMENT
ARE SUBJECT TO SPECIFIC DISCLAIMERS, SET FORTH AT www.vishay.com/doc?91000
Notes(1) Replace * in 12NC by 3 for 5 %, 6 for 3 %, 4 for 2 %(2) Replace * in SAP by J for 5 %, H for 3 %, G for 2 %(3) For R25 ± 2 % band IV is red, ± 3 % band IV is orange, ± 5 % band IV is gold
DIMENSIONS in millimeters DERATING AND TEMPERATURE TOLERANCES
Note• Zero power is considered as measuring power max. 1 % of max.
power.
470 3560 1.5 Y 471*B0 *471 Yellow Violet Brown680 3560 1.5 Y 681*B0 *681 Blue Grey Brown
1000 3528 0.5 Y 102*B0 *102 Brown Black Red1500 3528 0.5 Y 152*B0 *152 Brown Green Red2000 3528 0.5 Y 202*B0 *202 Red Black Red2200 3977 0.75 Y 222*B0 *222 Red Red Red2700 3977 0.75 Y 272*B0 *272 Red violet Red3300 3977 0.75 Y 332*B0 *332 Orange Orange Red4700 3977 0.75 Y 472*B0 *472 Yellow Violet Red5000 3977 0.75 Y 502*B0 *502 Green Black Red6800 3977 0.75 Y 682*B0 *682 Blue Grey Red
10 000 3977 0.75 Y 103*B0 *103 Brown Black Orange12 000 3740 2 Y 123*B0 *123 Brown Red Orange15 000 3740 2 Y 153*B0 *153 Brown Green Orange22 000 3740 2 Y 223*B0 *223 Red Red Orange33 000 4090 1.5 Y 333*B0 *333 Orange Orange Orange47 000 4090 1.5 Y 473*B0 *473 Yellow Violet Orange50 000 4190 1.5 Y 503*B0 *503 Green Black Orange68 000 4190 1.5 Y 683*B0 *683 Blue Grey Orange
100 000 4190 1.5 Y 104*B0 *104 Brown Black Yellow150 000 4370 2.5 Y 154*B0 *154 Brown Green Yellow220 000 4370 2.5 Y 224*B0 *224 Red Red Yellow330 000 4570 1.5 N 334*B0 *334 Orange Orange Yellow470 000 4570 1.5 N 474*B0 *474 Yellow Violet Yellow
ELECTRICAL DATA AND ORDERING INFORMATIONR25 B25/85-VALUE UL APPROVED SAP MATERIAL NUMBER OLD 12NC CODE COLOR CODE (3)
() (K) (± %) (Y/N) NTCLE100E3....B0/T1/T2 (2) 2381 640 3/4/6.... (1) I II III
L
T B
H2
H1
IVIIIIII
d P
Power derating curve
100
0
P(%)
- 40 0 55 85Tamb (°C)125 150
PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS FOR RELEVANT TYPE (all dimensions in millimeters)
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RT VALUE AND TOLERANCEThese thermistors have a narrow tolerance on the B-value, the result of which provides a very small tolerance on the nominal resistance value over a wide temperature range. For this reason the usual graphs of R = f(T) are replaced by Resistance Values at Intermediate Temperatures Tables, together with a formula to calculate the characteristics with a high precision.
FORMULAE TO DETERMINE NOMINAL RESISTANCE VALUESThe resistance values at intermediate temperatures, or the operating temperature values, can be calculated using the following interpolation laws (extended “Steinhart and Hart”):
where:A, B, C, D, A1, B1, C1 and D1 are constant values depending on the material concerned; see table below.Rref. is the resistance value at a reference temperature (in this event 25 °C, Rref. = R25).
T is the temperature in K.Formulae numbered and are interchangeable with an error of max. 0.005 °C in the range 25 °C to 125 °C and max. 0.015 °C in the range - 40 °C to + 25 °C.
DETERMINATION OF THERESISTANCE/TEMPERATURE DEVIATIONFROM NOMINAL VALUEThe total resistance deviation is obtained by combining the “R25-tolerance” and the “resistance deviation due to B-tolerance”.When:
X = R25-toleranceY = resistance deviation due to B-toleranceZ = complete resistance deviation,
then: or Z X + YWhen:
TCR = temperature coefficientT = temperature deviation,
then: The temperature tolerances are plotted in the graphs on the previous page.Example: at 0 °C, assume X = 5 %, Y = 0.89 % and TCR = 5.08 %/K (see table ), then:
A NTC with a R25-value of 10 k has a value of 32.56 kbetween - 1.17 °C and + 1.17 °C.
Notes(1) Temperature < 25 °C(2) Temperature 25 °C
R T Rref e A B T C T2 D T3+ + + = (1)
T R = A1 B1R
Rref----------ln C1ln2 R
Rref---------- D1ln3 R
Rref----------+ ++
1–(2)
Z 1 X100----------+
1 Y100----------+
1–= 100 %
T ZTCR------------=
Z 1 5100----------+ 1 0.89
100-----------+ 1–
100%=
T ZTCR------------ 5.93
5.08----------- 1.167 C 1.17 C= = =
1.05 1.0089 1– 100 % 5.9345 %= ( 5.93 %)=
PARAMETER FOR DETERMINING NOMINAL RESISTANCE VALUES
NUMBER B25/85(K) NAME TOL. B
(%) A B(K)
C(K2)
D(K3) A1
B1(K-1)
C1(K-2)
D1(K-3)
1 2880 Mat O. withBn = 2880K 3 - 9.094 2251.74 229098 - 2.744820E+07 3.354016E-03 3.495020E-04 2.095959E-06 4.260615E-07
2 2990 Mat P. withBn = 3990K 3 - 10.2296 2887.62 132336 - 2.502510E+07 3.354016E-03 3.415560E-04 4.955455E-06 4.364236E-07
Série 40 - Relé para circuito impresso plug-in 8 - 10 - 16 A
Codificação
5 2 08. . . .2 3 04 0 0 0 0
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