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Measuring outcomes of disability related services and supports Erin Wilson (Deakin University), Nick Hagiliassis and Robert Campain (Scope) CHASE Symposium, Deakin Prime, Feb 2013, Melbourne
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Erin Wilson (Deakin University), Nick Hagiliassis and ... · – 1 in 4 poll: 67.4% of respondents completed the survey independently; 15% had carers complete the survey on their

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Page 1: Erin Wilson (Deakin University), Nick Hagiliassis and ... · – 1 in 4 poll: 67.4% of respondents completed the survey independently; 15% had carers complete the survey on their

Measuring outcomes of disability related services and supports 

Erin Wilson (Deakin University), Nick Hagiliassis and Robert Campain (Scope)

CHASE Symposium, Deakin Prime, Feb 2013, Melbourne

Page 2: Erin Wilson (Deakin University), Nick Hagiliassis and ... · – 1 in 4 poll: 67.4% of respondents completed the survey independently; 15% had carers complete the survey on their

Presentation overview

• Key questions: – Are people with a disability experiencing the lives they want?– How do we measure this?

• Summarise a body of research by Scope and Deakin that has developed research methods, and collected outcomes data in a range of disability services types and cohorts.– Summarise methods thinking– Reflections on ‘what’ to measure– Reflections on ‘how’ to measure– Briefly give some examples from data collection tools

Page 3: Erin Wilson (Deakin University), Nick Hagiliassis and ... · – 1 in 4 poll: 67.4% of respondents completed the survey independently; 15% had carers complete the survey on their

Terminology – key elementsWhat are ‘outcomes’?

In broadest terms, ‘outcome’ means: what happened

BUT different things are focused on and there is confusion over terms and their relationship:

1. PROCESS: did we receive or deliver a quality service? The ways in which program services and goods are provided.

2. OUTPUT: how much service did we receive or deliver, how many people received it etc? The goods and services produced (quantity, efficiency: e.g., number of people served, speed of response to complaints). 

3. OUTCOME: what happened (for the person)? The broader results achieved through the provision of goods and services (Horsch, 2005)

Page 4: Erin Wilson (Deakin University), Nick Hagiliassis and ... · – 1 in 4 poll: 67.4% of respondents completed the survey independently; 15% had carers complete the survey on their

Steps in developing an outcomes measurement approach for human services

1.  Decide the desired areas of change – i.e desired outcomes and for whom

2.  Define these areas & unpack complex terms – eg. what do we mean by ‘communication competence’, ‘awareness’, 

‘community inclusion’, ‘support’, ‘partnership’?

3.  Identify the indicators of these changes– how will we know, what will we see if change occurs?

4.  Decide how these indicators can be measured – How to collect data. How to analyse data. Do measures exist? Can existing 

measures be modified? Do measures need to be developed? 

5.  Combine and present the resulting information in a clear and informative way. (Adapted from ABS, 2001, ch 1).

Page 5: Erin Wilson (Deakin University), Nick Hagiliassis and ... · – 1 in 4 poll: 67.4% of respondents completed the survey independently; 15% had carers complete the survey on their

Steps of outcomes measurement  Task

1. Decide the desired areas of change  (what are the outcomes?)

Check if specific outcome areas are identified by funder,  government policy, or by others such as individuals who set specific goals for services.  Consult stakeholders

2.  Define these areas & unpack complex terms 

Check published literature for concept definition and sub domains of concepts. Consult stakeholders

3. Identify the indicators of these changes Check published literature to identifyindicators; consult with stakeholders (practitioners and service recipients)

4. Decide how these indicators can be measured 

Check published literature for existing data collection instruments and methods; consult stakeholders; design methods

5. Combine and present the resulting information 

Report and publication writing

Page 6: Erin Wilson (Deakin University), Nick Hagiliassis and ... · – 1 in 4 poll: 67.4% of respondents completed the survey independently; 15% had carers complete the survey on their

An example: 1 in 4 Poll Social Inclusion

1. Decide the desired areas of change

2. Define these areas & unpack complex terms 

3. Identify the 

indicators

Social inclusion

Social exclusionService exclusionEconomic exclusion

(Saunders et al 2007a, 2007b & 2008)

Social exclusion e.g., Having social contact with other people

Service exclusion e.g., Accessing medical services 

Economic exclusion e.g., Having enough money to get by on

Page 7: Erin Wilson (Deakin University), Nick Hagiliassis and ... · – 1 in 4 poll: 67.4% of respondents completed the survey independently; 15% had carers complete the survey on their

The 1 in 4 Social Inclusion Survey (example items from on line and paper based survey in Easy English)

4. Design how to measure

Page 8: Erin Wilson (Deakin University), Nick Hagiliassis and ... · – 1 in 4 poll: 67.4% of respondents completed the survey independently; 15% had carers complete the survey on their

Reflections on ‘what’ to measure

• Needs to be meaningful => Whole of life rather than focus on single aspects (to enable capture of what is important to people most affected)

• Need to identify ways to improve => Include a focus on what affects outcomes – barriers and enablers – so as to inform future service delivery

Page 9: Erin Wilson (Deakin University), Nick Hagiliassis and ... · – 1 in 4 poll: 67.4% of respondents completed the survey independently; 15% had carers complete the survey on their

Outcomes across whole of life focus: Outcomes and Impacts tool based on the life domains framework (Wilson, 2009) – example items

Page 10: Erin Wilson (Deakin University), Nick Hagiliassis and ... · – 1 in 4 poll: 67.4% of respondents completed the survey independently; 15% had carers complete the survey on their

Reflections on ‘how’ to measureMethods need to:• Enable self report – capture the view point of a person with a disability  (proxy to report from the viewpoint of person they represent)

• Be responsive – sensitive to small changes• Have low respondent burden – brief and easy to use• Be accessible and have alternate formats if needed• Have low administrative burden – can be administered within time available to service providers, and low amounts of time for analysis

• Be reliable, valid• Identify different respondent views – distinguish between person with disability (service recipient), staff, and others

Page 11: Erin Wilson (Deakin University), Nick Hagiliassis and ... · – 1 in 4 poll: 67.4% of respondents completed the survey independently; 15% had carers complete the survey on their

Examples of accessibility

• Achieving accessibility; value in engaging Easy English experts to translate content; checked by people with intellectual disability; – Eg. 1 in 4 poll:

High ‘user friendliness’ ratings (mean rating 8.5);

Page 12: Erin Wilson (Deakin University), Nick Hagiliassis and ... · – 1 in 4 poll: 67.4% of respondents completed the survey independently; 15% had carers complete the survey on their

Examples of self report

• Ensuring the perspective of the person with a disability is captured;– 1 in 4 poll: 

67.4% of respondents completed the survey independently; 15% had carers complete the survey on their behalf. 

\

The survey is being completed by:

A person with disability without assistance

A person with a disability with assistance

A carer of person with disability (someone speaking 

on behalf of a person with a disability who cannot express their views themselves)

Where support is provided, the survey should be completed from the person with a disability’s view point

Page 13: Erin Wilson (Deakin University), Nick Hagiliassis and ... · – 1 in 4 poll: 67.4% of respondents completed the survey independently; 15% had carers complete the survey on their

Examples of self report

• Ensuring the perspective of the person with a disability is captured;– MOSS: 

offer three rating scales in different formats to enable individuals to select which one is meaningful to them. Accessible for some people with intellectual disability . 

\

Page 14: Erin Wilson (Deakin University), Nick Hagiliassis and ... · – 1 in 4 poll: 67.4% of respondents completed the survey independently; 15% had carers complete the survey on their

Issues we’ve confronted

• Selecting the ‘right’ indices of measurement (eg. Performance, achievement, satisfaction, impact, difficulty, etc)

• Aggregating data – moving from a focus on an individual’s outcomes (highly individualised) to whole of service / population outcomes

• Data analysis – difficulties in quantifiers, thematisingetc – time consuming and often highly subjective

• Administration compliance – getting staff to administer data collection tools (correctly)

• And more…..

Page 15: Erin Wilson (Deakin University), Nick Hagiliassis and ... · – 1 in 4 poll: 67.4% of respondents completed the survey independently; 15% had carers complete the survey on their

Data collection and analysis tools developed and trialed

Scope Outcomes Framework  (used for analysis)• A whole of life outcomes framework across seven life domains

Scope Outcomes and Impacts tool• A one page survey rating scale to measure impact (positive and negative) of service on life 

domains of individual or family

Measurement of Services and Supports (MOSS) tool• A pre and post measure of change resulting from individual goal setting and services based on 

this goal

Family Stress and Coping tool AND Family Capacity tool• Two survey scales rating a family’s self perceived level of coping and capacity

Early Childhood Individualised Support Plan tool• Attachment to Individualised Support Plan to rate outcomes at end of service period, and 

barriers and enablers to these

Individualised Planning/Review Tool• A tool based on the categories of a person centred plan to rate achievement against goals

1 in 4 poll Social Inclusion Survey• A population level survey rating levels of social inclusion related to service exclusion, economic 

exclusion and social exclusion

Page 16: Erin Wilson (Deakin University), Nick Hagiliassis and ... · – 1 in 4 poll: 67.4% of respondents completed the survey independently; 15% had carers complete the survey on their

Relevant publications by research teamCampain, R.& Wilson, E. (under review) Life is what happens while you’re busy making plans: issues in 

the development of outcome measurement for individualised plans for people with disability.Quilliam, C. & Wilson, E. (2011). Literature Review ‐ Outcomes measurement in disability services: a 

review of policy contexts, measurement approaches and selected measurement tools. Melbourne: Deakin University. 

Hagiliassis, N., Nicola‐Richmond, K., Mackay, A., & Wilson, E. (2011). Administration Manual ‐Measuring Outcomes in Services and Supports (MOSS) tool: a means to assess the outcomes of person‐directed goals. Melbourne: Scope.

Nicola‐Richmond, K., Wilson, E., Hagiliassis, N., & Mackay, A. (2011). Summary Sheet ‐Measuring Outcomes in Services and Supports (MOSS) tool. Melbourne: Scope.

Quilliam, C., Wilson, E., Hagiliassis, N. & Nicola‐Richmond, K. (2010). Measurement of Services and Supports (MOSS): Project Overview and Findings. Melbourne: Deakin University.

Wilson, E. & Campain, R. (2011), Above and Beyond: Exploring outcomes and practices of Scope Southern Region Early Childhood Intervention Service for children with disability, Melbourne: Scope (Vic). 

Wilson, E. & Campain, R. (2008). Problem solving, people skills, and personalised arrangements. Early results of research into individualised approaches for young adults receiving ‘Futures’ funding at Scope. C.Bigby & C. Fyffe (Eds.). Achieving their own lives. Proceeding from the Third Intellectual Disability Policy Roundtable, La Trobe University, October

Wilson, E. (2006). Defining and measuring the outcomes of inclusive community for people with disability, their families and the communities with whom they engage. C. Bigby; C. Fyffe & J. Mansell (Eds). From Ideology to Reality: Current issues in implementation of intellectual disability policy. Proceedings of the Roundtable on Intellectual Disability Policy. Bundoora: La Trobe University

Wilson, E.; Jenkin, E. & Campain, R. (2011). Outcome Measurement of Community Based Mental Health Services in Western Australia: Literature and Concept Summary. Melbourne: Inclusion Matters 

PLUS many conferences and workshops and seminars

Page 17: Erin Wilson (Deakin University), Nick Hagiliassis and ... · – 1 in 4 poll: 67.4% of respondents completed the survey independently; 15% had carers complete the survey on their

ReferencesABS (2001) 4160.0 Measuring Wellbeing: Frameworks for Australian Social Statistics. Viewed at: 

http://www.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/[email protected]/0/0120F9081822AAEBCA256B5F00804216?Open, on 31  October 2005.

Andreson E 2000, Tools of disability outcomes research: criteria for assessing the tools of disability outcomes research, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, Vol. 81, No. 12, pp. S1‐S4. 

Horsch, K. (2005). Indicators: Definition and use in a Results‐Based Accountability System. Harvard Family Research Project viewed at http://www.gse.harvard.edu/hfrp/pubs/onlinepubs/rrb/indicators.html on 31 Oct 2005.

Saunders, P., Naidoo, Y. & Griffiths, M. (2008). Left out and missing out: Disability and disadvantage. Social Policy Research Centre, Sydney, Australia.

Saunders, P., Naidoo, Y. & Griffiths, M. (2007a). Deprivation & social exclusion in Australia. Social Policy Research Centre, Sydney, Australia.

Saunders, P., Naidoo, Y. & Griffiths, M. (2007b). Towards new indicators of disadvantage: Deprivation and social exclusion in Australia. Social Policy Research Centre, Sydney, Australia.