This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Table 2.12 National Emission Standards for Pesticide Manufacturing and Formulation Industry .................................................................................................................................... 68
Table 4.4 Summary of Maximum 24-hour Incremental GLC due to the Proposed Project Stacks ........................................................................................................................ 162
As per EIA Notification dated 14.09.2006 and as amended on 01.12.2009, the project
falls in Category ‘A’, S. No. – 5(b) and to be appraised in MOEF&CC.
Total cost of the proposed project is Rs. 5.0/- Crores.
1.4. Importance & Benefits of Project
The role of the pesticides in the wellbeing of human race needs no emphasis.
Insecticides are used to ward off or kill insects. Pesticide usage has become essential
in order to maximize agriculture production and reduce public health pestilence. The
rapid changes in cropping patterns, increased fertilization and adoption of programs for
high yielding varieties have all contributed to increased use of pesticides. Further, pest
problems keep on changing with the changing environment. New physiological kinds
evolve as a result of mutations to withstand new conditions in nature. Many pest species
develop resistant strains when the same Pesticide is used far too often. The problems
of pest resurgence and secondary pest out-breaks crop up with the indiscriminate use
of pesticides. These associated problems offer a great scope for revolutionizing the use
of pesticides. However, in India though the overcall pesticide growth figures may appear
impressive, the rate of consumption per hectare of cultivated land is very low in
comparison per hectare of cultivated land is very low in comparison to other countries.
India used 180 g of pesticides/ha. as against 10,790g, 1870 g and 1490 g/ha used in
Japan, Europe and U.S.A. respectively. India spent just Rs. 2.15/ha. on pesticides while
Japan and U.S.A spent Rs.110/ha and Rs.35/ha respectively during the same period.
India consumed 12 gm. of pesticides per kg. of fertilizer used against 146 gm. in Japan
and 19 gm in U.S.A. This is one of the major factors that can be attributed to low per
hectare yields in our country since the crops and especially the high yielding varieties
cannot manifest their production potential in absence of proper pest protection. That the
production potential remains suppressed for want of protection can be exemplified by
considering how in wheat, a crop comparatively resistant to insect pestilence, we have
had a “revolution” where as in paddy which is one of the most heavily infested crops,
we have had no break-through. In case of wheat, the per hectare yield in India rose from
827 kg.to 1338 kg. corresponding yields of paddy in India on the other hand was 1826
kg. as against 6185 kg., 5326 kg., 5105 kg. and 4000 kg., in Japan, Egypt, USA and
USSR respectively.
Within the country itself, there is a great imbalance between different regions with regard
to the use of pesticides. Of the total of approximately Rs.5000, million spent on
pesticides in at the farm level, south contributed for about 45 per cent of the total
consumption in the rest of the country.
M/s Samridhi Crop Chemical Pvt Ltd, proposed project is an attempt to close the gap
between supply and demand, reduce import and benefit the agriculture.
1.5. Size or Magnitude of Operation
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 16
Pesticides will be produced in batch process. The total installed capacity of proposed
plant will be of 760 TPA. This is a new project to manufacture technical grade pesticides.
Minimal construction is proposed as the existing building and infrastructure will be used
up. Total plot area is 4800 sqm. 33 % plant area is allocated for the greenbelt.
1.6. Purpose of the EIA Study
The objectives of the present EIA are to:
• To identify and describe the elements of the community and environment likely to be affected by the proposed project, and/or likely to cause impacts upon both the natural and man-made environment.
• To describe the proposed project and associated works together along with the requirements.
• To identify and quantify any environmental impacts associated with the proposed and recommend appropriate mitigation measures.
• To identify existing landscape and visual quality in the study area so as to evaluate the landscape and visual impacts of the proposed project.
• To propose mitigation measures to minimize pollution, environmental disturbance and nuisance during construction and operation of the proposed Project.
• To identify, assess and specify methods, measures and standards, to be included in the detailed design, construction and operation of the proposed project which are necessary to mitigate these impacts and reduce them to allowable levels within established standards/guidelines.
• To Propose environmental monitoring parameters as per norms. To ensure the implementation and the effectiveness of the environmental protection and pollution control measures adopted.
• To identify constraints associated with the mitigation measures recommended in this EIA.
• To identify any additional studies necessary to fulfil the objectives required for the EIA Study
1.7. Project Site Location
Samradhi Crop Chemicals Pvt Ltd (SCCPL) has proposed a new technical pesticide unit
at PLOT NO. HD 20, 21, 22 & PLOT NO.HE-27, 28, 29 & 30, UPSIDC Industrial Area,
Sikandrabad, Dist-Bulandshahr (UP)-203205.The proposed project is occupying an
area of about 4800 Sq. Meters. Site is well connected with National Highway NH- 91 is
300 M in South direction. Nearest Railway station is Dankaur railway station at a
distance of 8 km.Figure 1.1and Figure 1.2 shows location map shows the proposed
technical grade pesticide unit.
Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 17
Figure 1.1 : Location Map of Project Site (Topo-sheet)
Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 18
Figure 1.2 : Location Map of Project Site (Google image)
Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 19
1.8. Regulatory Framework
Requirement of Environmental Clearance
Prior Environmental Clearance is required from concerned authorities for all projects
and activities mentioned in “Schedule” as per Environmental Impact Assessment
notification dated September 14, 2006. The project comes under “project and activity-5
(b) of schedule.” Considering the products portfolio, the proposed project falls in
“Category A” of Schedule of the EIA notification which requires Environmental
Clearance (EC) from MoEF&CC, New Delhi.
SCCPL has commenced the process of obtaining required statutory permission from
concerned authorities. Details of permits and clearance applicable to this project along
with status are as under.
S.No
Permit /Clearance/Standards For Proposed Project
Current Status
1 No Objection Certificate / Consent to Establish from Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board (UPPCB) for the project
Mandatory, Will be applied after getting Environmental Clearance
NA
2 Factory License Available Available
3 Water Permission Required Yet to apply to CGWA
5 The Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Trans boundary Movement) Rules 2008 amended to date.
Required Will be taken care aftter getting EC &
before Plant Commissioning
6 Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act,1974
7 Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
(Source: EQMS)
In addition to environmental regulatory compliance, other applicable statutory rules and regulations including (but not limited to) are the following:
• Boiler Regulations as per Chief Inspector of Boilers, Government of Uttar Pradesh (if applicable).
• ESIC etc.
1.9. Approved Terms of Reference for EIA Study by MOEF&CC
Based on the documents submitted online proposal No. IA/UP/IND2/75285/2018 dated 2nd June 2018. Standard Terms of Reference (TOR) was issued by MoEF&CC vide their letter No:J-.11011/76/2017 dated 06th July 2018for preparation of EIA/EMP. During 37th EAC meeting, committee of MOEF&CC agreed to consider the baseline data of pre-monsoon season (15th March 2017 to 15th June 2017) and exempt from
Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 20
public hearing because site located in UPSIDC industrial area.The compliance status of issued TOR are given in Table 1.1:
Table 1.1 : TOR Compliance
Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 21
S. No. Tor Points Compliance
1. Executive Summary Complied with EIA report
2. Introduction i. Details of the EIA Consultant including
NABET accreditation
Nabet Accrediation certificate enclosed as Annexure I
ii. Information about the project proponent Project Proponent information given in Section 1.2
iii. Importance and benefits of the project. Project benefits given in Section 1.4.
3. Project Description i. Cost of project and time of completion.
Cost of thr project is Rs 5 crores
ii. Products with capacities for the proposed project.
Products with capacities is given in Section 2.3
iii. If expansion project, details of existing products with capacities and whether adequate land is available for expansion, reference of earlier EC if any.
Its New Project
iv. List of raw materials required and their source along with mode of transportation.
Details of raw material given in Section 2.4
v. Other chemicals and materials required with quantities and storage capacities
No other chemical used the detail of raw material is given in Section 2.4.
vi. Details of Emission, effluents, hazardous waste generation and their management.
Emission, effluents, hazardous waste generation and their management details given in Section 2.7.
vii. Requirement of water, power, with source of supply, status of approval, water balance diagram, man-power requirement (regular and contract)
Requirment of the project is given in Section 2.6
viii. Process description along with major equipment’s and machineries, process flow sheet (quantitate) from raw material to products to be provided
Process description along with mass balance given in Section 2.3 and 2,4
ix. Hazard identification and details of proposed safety systems.
Hazard identification and proposed safety system is given in Section 2.7.4
Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 22
S. No. Tor Points Compliance
x. Expansion/modernization proposals: a. Copy of all the Environmental Clearance(s)
including Amendments thereto obtained for the project from MOEF/SEIAA shall be attached as an Annexure. A certified copy of the latest Monitoring Report of the Regional Office of the Ministry of Environment and Forests as per circular dated 30th May, 2012 on the status of compliance of conditions stipulated in all the existing environmental clearances including Amendments shall be provided. In addition, status of compliance of Consent to Operate for the ongoing I existing operation of the project from SPCB shall be attached with the EIA-EMP report.
b. In case the existing project has not obtained environmental clearance, reasons for not taking EC under the provisions of the EIA Notification 1994 and/or EIA Notification 2006 shall be provided. Copies of Consent to Establish/No Objection Certificate and Consent to Operate (in case of units operating prior to EIA Notification 2006, CTE and CTO of FY 2005-2006) obtained from the SPCB shall be submitted. Further, compliance report to the conditions of consents from the SPCB shall be submitted
It’s a new project
4. Site Details i. Location of the project site covering village,
Taluka/Tehsil, District and State, Justification for selecting the site, whether other sites were considered.
The project site is located in UPSIDC (in industrial area). Section 1.7.
ii. A toposheet of the study area of radius of 10km and site location on 1:50,000/1: 25,000 scale on an A3/A2 sheet. (including all eco-sensitive areas and environmentally sensitive places)
Toposheet of the study area of radius of 10km is given in Section 1.7 and Figure 1.1
iii. Details w.r.t. option analysis for selection of site
Site located in Notified industrial area develop by UPSIDC.
iv. Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all four corners of the site.
Google map with coordinates given in Figure 3.3
v. Google map-Earth downloaded of the project site.
Google map with coordinates given in Figure 3.3
Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 23
S. No. Tor Points Compliance
vi. Layout maps indicating existing unit as well as proposed unit indicating storage area, plant area, greenbelt area, utilities etc. If located within an Industrial area/Estate/Complex, layout of Industrial Area indicating location of unit within the Industrial area/Estate.
Plant layout with area breakup is given in 2.6.1 and figure 2.2
vii. Photographs of the proposed and existing (if applicable) plant site. If existing, show photographs of plantation/greenbelt.
It’s a new project
viii. Land use break-up of total land of the project site (identified and acquired), government/ private - agricultural, forest, wasteland, water bodies, settlements, etc shall be included. (not required for industrial area)
Plant layout with area breakup is given in 2.6.1 and figure 2.2 Site located in Notified industrial area develop by UPSIDC
ix. A list of major industries with name and type within study area (10km radius) shall be incorporated. Land use details of the study area
A list of major industries with name is given in
x. Geological features and Geo-hydrological status of the study area shall be included
Geological features and Geo-hydrological status of the study area is given in Section 3.2.3.
xi. Details of Drainage of the project up to 5km radius of study area. If the site is within 1 km radius of any major river, peak and lean season river discharge as well as flood occurrence frequency based on peak rainfall data of the past 30 years. Details of Flood Level of the project site and maximum Flood Level of the river shall also be provided. (mega green field projects)
Drainage of the project up to 5km radius of study area is given in Section 3.2.2.
xii. Status of acquisition of land. If acquisition is not complete, stage of the acquisition process and expected time of complete possession of the land.
Site located in Notified industrial area develop by UPSIDC
xiii. R&R details in respect of land in line with state Government policy
No R & R
5. Forest and wildlife related issues (if applicable): i. Permission and approval for the use of forest
land (forestry clearance), if any, and recommendations of the State Forest Department. (if applicable).
Not Applicable
ii. Land use map based on High resolution satellite imagery (GPS) of the proposed site delineating the forestland (in case of projects involving forest land more than 40 ha)
iii. Status of Application submitted for obtaining the stage I forestry clearance along with latest status shall be submitted.
Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 24
S. No. Tor Points Compliance
iv. The projects to be located within 10 km of the National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, Migratory Corridors of Wild Animals, the project proponent shall submit the map duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden showing these features vis-à-vis the project location and the recommendations or comments of the Chief Wildlife Warden-thereon.
v. Wildlife Conservation Plan duly authenticated by the Chief Wildlife Warden of the State Government for conservation of Schedule I fauna, if any exists in the study area
vi. Copy of application submitted for clearance
under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, to the Standing Committee of the National Board for Wildlife
6. Environmental Status i. Determination of atmospheric inversion level
at the project site and site-specific micro-meteorological data using temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall.
Atmospheric inversion level at the project site and site-specific micro-meteorological data is given in Section 3.4.1.
ii. AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8 locations for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO and other parameters relevant to the project shall be collected. The monitoring stations shall be based CPCB guidelines and consider the pre-dominant wind direction, population zone and sensitive receptors including reserved forests.
AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8 locations for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO is given in Section 3.5
iii. Raw data of all AAQ measurement for 12 weeks of all stations as per frequency given in the NAQQM Notification of Nov. 2009 along with - min., max., average and 98% values for each of the AAQ parameters from data of all AAQ stations should be provided as an annexure to the EIA Report.
Raw data of all AAQ measurement for 12 weeks of all stations enclosed as Annexure
iv. Surface water quality of nearby River (100m upstream and downstream of discharge point) and other surface drains at eight locations as per CPCB/MoEF&CC guidelines.
Surface water quality is given in Section 3.8.3
v. Whether the site falls near to polluted stretch of river identified by the CPCB/MoEF&CC, if yes give details.
Not Applicable
vi. Ground water monitoring at minimum at 8 locations shall be included.
Ground water monitoring at minimum at 8 locations is given in Section 3.8.1
Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 25
S. No. Tor Points Compliance
vii. Noise levels monitoring at 8 locations within the study area.
Noise levels monitoring at 8 locations within the study area is given in Section 3.6.
viii. Soil Characteristic as per CPCB guidelines. Soil Characteristic is given in Section 3.11.
ix. Traffic study of the area, type of vehicles, frequency of vehicles for transportation of materials, additional traffic due to proposed project, parking arrangement etc.
Traffic study of the area is given in Section 3.7
x. Detailed description of flora and fauna (terrestrial and aquatic) existing in the study area shall be given with special reference to rare, endemic and endangered species. If Schedule-I fauna are found within the study area, a Wildlife Conservation Plan shall be prepared and furnished.
Biological environment of the study area is given in Section 3.10
xi. Socio-economic status of the study area. Demography of the study area is given in section 3.11
7. Impact and Environment Management Plan i. Assessment of ground level concentration of
pollutants from the stack emission based on site-specific meteorological features. In case the project is located on a hilly terrain, the AQIP Modelling shall be done using inputs of the specific terrain characteristics for determining the potential impacts of the project on the AAQ. Cumulative impact of all sources of emissions (including transportation) on the AAQ of the area shall be assessed. Details of the model used and the input data used for modelling shall also be provided. The air quality contours shall be plotted on a location map showing the location of project site, habitation nearby, sensitive receptors, if any.
Ground level concentration of pollutants from the stack emission based on site-specific meteorological features is given in Section 4.3
ii. Water Quality modelling - in case of discharge in water body
Follow Zero Liquid discharge
iii. Impact of the transport of the raw materials and end products on the surrounding environment shall be assessed and provided. In this regard, options for transport of raw materials and finished products and wastes (large quantities) by rail or rail-cum road transport or conveyor-cum-rail transport shall be examined.
No major impact generated, Traffic study of the area is given in Section 3.7
Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 26
S. No. Tor Points Compliance
iv. A note on treatment of wastewater from different plant operations, extent recycled and reused for different purposes shall be included. Complete scheme of effluent treatment. Characteristics of untreated and treated effluent to meet the prescribed standards of discharge under E(P) Rules.
Proposed project will follow Zero Discharge concept
v. Details of stack emission and action plan for control of emissions to meet standards.
Details of the Stack emission given in Chapter 4, Table 4.1 to 4.3
vi. Measures for fugitive emission control Table 4.1 to 4.3
vii. Details of hazardous waste generation and their storage, utilization and management. Copies of MOU regarding utilization of solid and hazardous waste in cement plant shall also be included. EMP shall include the concept of waste-minimization, recycle/reuse/recover techniques, Energy conservation, and natural resource conservation.
Details of hazardous waste generation and their storage given in Chapter 2, Section 2.7.4.
viii. Proper utilization of fly ash shall be ensured as per Fly Ash Notification, 2009. A detailed plan of action shall be provided.
Not applicable
ix. Action plan for the green belt development plan in 33 % area is.e. land with not less than 1,500 trees per ha. Giving details of species, width of plantation, planning schedule etc. shall be included. The green belt shall be around the project boundary and a scheme for greening of the roads used for the project shall also be incorporated.
Already develop the 33 % of green belt which shall be maintained. Green belt development plan is given in Section 5.10.
x. Action plan for rainwater harvesting measures at plant site shall be submitted to harvest rainwater from the roof tops and storm water drains to recharge the ground water and to use for the various activities at the project site to conserve fresh water and reduce the water requirement from other sources.
Rain water harvesting done as suggest with SPCB
xi. Total capital cost and recurring cost/annum for environmental pollution control measures shall be included.
Total project cost is Rs. 5 Crores
xii. Action plan for post-project environmental monitoring shall be submitted.
Post project environmental monitoring plan given in Chapter 5
xiii. Onsite and Offsite Disaster (natural and Man-made) Preparedness and Emergency Management Plan including Risk Assessment and damage control. Disaster management plan should be linked with District Disaster Management Plan
Chapter 6
Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 27
S. No. Tor Points Compliance
8. Occupational health i. Plan and fund allocation to ensure the
occupational health & safety of all contract and casual workers
Adequate fund is earmarked for CSR refer Section 2.9
ii. Details of exposure specific health status evaluation of worker. If the workers' health is being evaluated by pre-designed format, chest x rays, Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision testing (Far & Near vision, colour vision and any other ocular defect) ECG, during pre-placement and periodical examinations give the details of the same. Details regarding last month analysed data of above mentioned parameters as per age, sex, duration of exposure and department wise.
Occupational & Safety Hazards with safety measures and with respective responsibility given in Chapter 6
iii. Details of existing Occupational & Safety Hazards. What are the exposure levels of hazards and whether they are within Permissible Exposure level (PEL)?If these are not within PEL, what measures the company has adopted to keep them within PEL so that health of the workers can be preserved,
Occupational & Safety Hazards with safety measures and with respective responsibility given in Chapter 6
iv. Annual report of health status of workers with special reference to Occupational Health and Safety.
9. Corporate Environment Policy i. Does the company have a well laid down
Environment Policy approved by its Board of Directors? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA report.
Company will develop environmental management cell with respective responsibility
ii. Does the Environment Policy prescribe for standard operating process / procedures to bring into focus any infringement / deviation / violation of the environmental or forest norms / conditions? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA.
Company will develop environmental management cell with respective responsibility refer Section Section 5.4
iii. What is the hierarchical system or Administrative order of the company to deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the environmental clearance conditions? Details of this system may be given.
Company will develop environmental management cell with respective responsibility refer Section Section 5.4
iv. Does the company have system of reporting of non-compliances / violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the company and / or shareholders or stakeholders at large? This reporting mechanism shall be detailed in the EIA report
Complied
Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 28
S. No. Tor Points Compliance
10. Details regarding infrastructure facilities such as sanitation, fuel, restroom etc. to be provided to the labour force during construction as well as to the casual workers including truck drivers during operation phase.
Related to infrastructure facilities covered in Chapter 2 Section 2,.6.
11. Enterprise Social Commitment (ESC)
i. Adequate funds (at least 2.5 % of the project cost) shall be earmarked towards the Enterprise Social Commitment based on Public Hearing issues and item-wise details along with time bound action plan shall be included. Socio-economic development activities need to be elaborated upon.
Adequate funds (at least 2.5 % of the project cost) earmarked for CSR detail given in Section 2.9
12. Any litigation pending against the project and/or any direction/order passed by any Court of Law against the project, if so, details thereof shall also be included. Has the unit received any notice under the Section 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant Sections of Air and Water Acts? If so, details thereof and compliance/ATR to the notice(s) and present status of the case.
Not Applicable
13. A tabular chart with index for point wise compliance of above TOR.
Complied
Specific ToR
14. Commitment that no banned pesticides will be manufactured.
No banned pesticides will be manufactured.
15. Details on solvents to be used, measures for solvent recovery and for emissions control.
Solvent recovery system given in Section 2,5
16. Details of process emissions from the proposed unit and its arrangement to control
Process emission with controlling equipment’s given in Chapter 2. Section 2.7.3.
17. Ambient air quality data should include VOC, other process-specific pollutants* like NH3*, chlorine*, HCl*, HBr*, H2S*, HF*, CS2etc., (* - as applicable)
Complied in Chapter 3
18. Work zone monitoring arrangements for hazardous chemicals.
Monitoring plan is proposed in EMP chapter 5
19. Detailed effluent treatment scheme including segregation for units adopting ‘Zero’ liquid discharge.
Unit adopt ‘Zero’ liquid discharge.
20. Action plan for odour control to be submitted. Section 2.7.3
21. A copy of the Memorandum of Understanding signed with cement manufacturers indicating clearly that they co-process organic solid/hazardous waste generated.
A copy of the Memorandum of Understanding with cement plant is under process
22. Authorization/Membership for the disposal of liquid effluent in CETP and solid/hazardous waste in TSDF, if any.
MOU is in under process
23. Material Safety Data Sheet for all the Chemicals are being used/will be used
MSDS of all chemicals enclosed as Annexure
24. Authorization/Membership for the disposal of solid/hazardous waste in TSDF
MOU is in under process
Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 29
S. No. Tor Points Compliance
25. Details of incinerator if to be installed NA
26. Risk assessment for storage and handling of hazardous chemicals/solvents. Action plan for handling & safety system to be incorporated
Chapter 6
27. Arrangements for ensuring health and safety of workers engaged in handling of toxic materials.
Chapter 6
1.10. Structure of the Report
This EIA report has been prepared on the basis of available on-site primary data (survey/ monitoring) and secondary/literature data. The EIA report contains project features, baseline environmental setup, assessment of environmental impacts, and formulation of mitigation measures, environmental management and monitoring plan with risk & disaster management plan. The report would include 8 Chapters excluding Executive Summary, which is included at the beginning of the report. The structure of the EIA Report with necessary tables, drawings and annexure is as follows:
Chapter 1: Introduction
This chapter provides background information on need of project, need of EIA study and brief of the project. The scope and EIA methodology adopted in preparation of EIA report have also been described in this Chapter. It also covers the identification of project & project proponent, brief description of nature, size, location of the project and its importance to the country and the region. Scope of the study details about the regulatory scoping carried out as per the generic structure given in the EIA Notification, 2006.
Chapter 2: Project Description
This chapter deals with the project details of the proposed Technical grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit including manufacturing process, utilities and other infrastructural facilities. The chapter also deals with theEnvironmental aspects including effluents, emission, noise, hazardous wastes with the proposed miigation measures including technical details of raw material, quality and quantity etc.
Chapter 3: Description of the Environment
This chapter presents the existing environmental status of the study area around the proposed project including topography, drainage pattern, water environment, geological, climate, transport system, land use, flora & fauna, socio-economic aspects, basic amenities etc. Environmental assessment of the proposed project site in regard to its capability to receive the proposed new development is also discussed in this Chapter.
Chapter 4: Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures
This chapter describes the overall impacts of the proposed project activities and underscores the areas of concern, which need mitigation measures. It predicts the overall impact of the proposed project on different components of the environment viz. air, water, land, noise, biological, and socio-economic.
Chapter 5: Environmental Management Plan & Environmental Monitoring Program
This chapter details the inferences drawn from the environmental impact assessment exercise. It describes the overall impacts of the proposed activities during construction and operation phases and underscores the areas of concern, which need mitigation measures. It also provides mitigation and control measures for environmental management plan (EMP) for minimizing the negative environmental impacts and to
Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 30
strengthening the positive environmental impacts of the proposed project. Technical aspects of monitoring the effectiveness of mitigation measures have been given in this Chapter also.
Chapter 6: Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan
This chapter deals with the risk assessment carried out for the proposed Technical Grade Pesticide unit and disaster management plan.
Chapter 7: Summary & Conclusion
This chapter provides the summary and conclusions of the EIA study of the proposed project with overall justification for implementation of the project and also explanation of how, adverse effects will be mitigated. This chapter also includes the conclusions of the Public Hearing.
Chapter 8: Disclosure of Consultants Engaged
This chapter provides the disclosure of consultants engaged to carry out the EIA study along with other additional studies.
Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 31
CHAPTER 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1. Site Details
Samradhi Crop Chemicals Pvt Ltd (SCCPL) has proposed a new technical pesticide unit at PLOT NO. HD 20, 21, 22& PLOT NO. HE-27, 28, 29 & 30, UPSIDC Industrial Area, Sikandrabad, Dist-Bulandshahr (UP)-203205.Site is located in Notified industrial area developed by UPSIDC, hence Public hearing is exempted. Salient features of the project are given Table 2.1 and project location map is given in Figure 2.1.
Table 2.1 : Salient Features of the Project
S.No Particulars Description
1. Coordinates 28°29'0.15"N , 77°39'12.02"E
2. Project Cost Rs 5.00 Crores
3. Surface Water Source within 10 Km
No any surface water source
4. Nearest Highway NH-91, (0.300km) S
5. Nearest Railway Station Sampla (Broad Gauge) 5.0kms in E direction
6. Nearest Village Rajarampur, (0.86 km), W
7. Nearest Airport Indira Gandhi International Airport – 87 Km (E)
8. Total Area 4800 m2
9. Green Belt. Green belt development will be developed in an area of 1584 m2 (33 %) of the total plot area of 4800 m2.
10. Process / Drinking Water Management (Source & Supply of water)
Total water requirement of 10 KLD Source: Bore well (At a time only one product will be manufacture)
11. Industrial Waste Management. Industrial Waste will be sent to waste management facility.
12. Power Requirement & Supply / source.
150 KVA will be obtained from UPVVNL. 110 KVA DG sets will be installed for backup.
(Source: Site Visit/PFR)
This chapter deals with the brief details of the establishment of new proposed pesticide
project; Location Consideration, Technology Description, Raw material Requirement and
its source, Process flow diagram, Environmental aspects etc.
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 32
Figure 2.1 : Location Map
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 33
2.2. Land Requirement
The proposed project developed in Notified industrial area, developed by UPSIDC. Land
distribution at site is given Table 2.2.
Table 2.2 : Land Distribution at Site
S. No. Area Description Area (sqm) Percentage
1 Production plants including ware house, utilities
2025 42.18
3 Roads, Pathway & Auxiliary 710 14.79
4 Open area for future expansion 330 6.87
5 Waste management facilities 70 1.46
6 Scrap yards 65 1.35
7 Green belt/Plantation 1600 33.33
Total 4800 100
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 34
Site layout is shown in Figure 2.2.
Figure 2.2 : Site Layout
2.3. Products with Capacities for Proposed Projects
Pesticides are being produced in batch process. The total capacity of the proposed
technical grade pesticide will be 760 MTPA. The lists of products are shown in Table 2.3.
Table 2.3 : List of Products
S/N.
Types Product Quantity (MTPA)
CAS NO
1 Weedicides
Glyphosate 30 38641-94-0
Pretilachlor 30 51218-49-6
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 35
2,4-D Sodium Salt
150 2702-72-9
2,4-D Acid 300 94-75-7
2,4-D Ethyl Ester
100 1929-73-3
Metribuzine 15 99129-21-2
2 Fungicide Azoxystrobin 15 131860-33-8
3 Insecticide
Thiomethoxam 60 153719-23-4
Bifenthrin 15 82657-04-3
Fipronil 15 1200068-37-
3
Imidacloprid 15 138261-41-3
Diafenthiuron 15 80060-09-9
TOTAL 760
2.4. Manufacturing Process:
The proposed pesticide manufacturing process is batch process. There will be two
similar plant streams to manufacture insecticides/fungicides and herbicides. Insecticides
and fungicides will be made in the same Plant, but one at a time. Herbicides will be
made in an exclusive Plant to avoid any cross-mixing. The key equipment in each plant
will consists of:
• Reactor with agitator and vapour condenser at top.
• Pumps for transfer of raw material to reactor and products from reactor.
• Distillation system for solvent recovery.
• Chilling unit for condensing low boiling solvents and for temperature control during
low temperature process operation.
• Boiler for steam supply to reactor & distillation unit.
• Vacuum pump etc.
• Process control – instrumentation.
Each product has its own batch size, process parameters and batch time-cycle. The
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 36
process parameter terms used and applicable for the various products are as given
below:
Temperature & Pressure Terminology used is:
A. Temperature
High temp.--------- > 125°C.
Moderate temp. --------- 30 to 100°C.
Low temp. --------- -15 to 20°C.
B. Pressure
High vacuum --------- 1.0 mm Hg to 20 mm Hg
Medium vac. --------- 300 mm Hg to 500 mm Hg
Low vac. --------- 600 mm Hg to 700 mm Hg
The manufacturing process for a product is generally as given below.
• Before starting the production samples of the raw materials and solvents are sent to QC
lab for quality check and confirmation of suitability.
• If quality is approved, the materials are charged in reaction vessel and the process is
conducted in one or more reaction steps as required, to produce the crude product. The
reaction is monitored by laboratory analysis to know the completion of the reaction and
for quality check.
• The crude pesticide in solvent is worked up by crystallisation / filtration / washing /
epimerization / solvent distillation / drying etc., as the case may be, to get the end
product.
• The aqueous layer obtained during washing is detoxified and sent to the ETP for further
treatment.. Any sludge obtained during effluent treatment is dewatered and sent to TSDF.
• The technical product obtained is analysed to confirm its quality specifications and then
sent for packing and dispatch.
• The mother liquor is distilled to recover the solvent for reuse.
Process residue or distillation residue obtained, if any, is sent for TSDF.
Pesticides manufacturing key Process steps are as given below:
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 37
2.4.1. Glyphosate
Process Description:
Phosphono Methyl Imino Diacetic Acid (PMIDA) is charged in water in a reactor under stirring.
Catalyst Sodium Tungstate is charged and the temperature is raised to 65 – 70°C while stirring.
Hydrogen peroxide is then added to the mass at the same temperature. A clear solution is formed. Cool to 30°C and add catalyst Vanadium sulphate to form Glyphosate. Product slurry is cooled to 20°C, centrifuged and dried to get Glyphosate technical.
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 38
Process Flow Diagram:
N
OH
O
P OOH
OH
OH
O
PMIDAMW.= 227
+ OH OH
HYDROGEN PEROXIDEMW.= 34
NH
OH
O
P OOH
OH
+ OH2 + O
CH2
+ O O
MW.=30
MW.= 44
GLYPHOSATE
MW.= 169
Figure 2.3 Chemical Reaction
2.4.2. Pretilachlor Tech Manufacturing Process In the first step, 2,6- Diethylanilie ( DEA ) is taken excess in a reactor and is reacted with Propoxychloroethane at reflux temperature for 20 hours. After completion of the reaction, the
WATER 2385
SODIUM TUNGSTATE 5
PMIDA 1621
SODIUM METABISULFITE 21 CO2 247
VANADIUM SULPHATE 0.4
H2O2 604 1642
4389.8
WATER WASH 1333 AQUEOUS LAYER 4722.8
1000
GLYPHOSATE TECHNICAL - MATERIAL BALANCE (ALL QUANTITIES ARE IN KG/TONN)
GLYPHOSATE
REACTOR
CENTRIFUGE & DRYING
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 39
mass is neutralized by caustic and the aqueous is separated. The organic is taken for the recovery of the excess DEA and the product N-Propoxyethyl, 2,6-diethylaniline (PEDA) is vacuum distilled. In the second step, the step 1 product PEDA is reacted with chloroacetylchloride in presence of solvent N-hexane at room temperature. After the reaction, the acid HCl is neutralized and the product is washed with water and the solvent is distilled and the product is packed as technical Pretilachlor.
Figure 2.4 Process Flow with Material Balance
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 40
Figure 2.5 Chemical Reaction
2.4.3. Thiamethoxam The desired quantities of DMC (solvent), 2-chloro-5-chloromethyltriazole, 3-Methyl 1-1-Nitroimino-perahydrooxadiazine and Catalyst are charged along with K2CO3 into the reactor. The stirred mixture is heated to reaction temp till the whole reactants reached to desired level.
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 41
Once the reaction is over, the reaction mass pH is adjusted with HCl & Water. The excess solvent from organic layer is recovered for re-cycling & the product is cooled, filtered & dried.
Figure 2.6 Process Flow with Material Balance
Figure 2.7 Chemical Reaction
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 42
2.4.4. Bifenthrin Manufacturing Process for Bifenthrin Step-I: Charge DMF, 2-Methyl 3-biphenyl methyl chloride (BPC), Cyhalothric acid (MTHAcid), K2CO3 in presence of catalyst (TBAB) under stirring. Heat it to 60°C and maintain. Remove DMF from the reaction mixture. (8 hrs). Step-II: Add water to the reaction mass and extract with n-Hexane. Take the organic layer by discarding aqueous layer and wash the organic layer with 10% NaHCO3. Finally wash the organic layer with water. Remove hexane by distillation. (4 hrs) Step-III: The crude Bifenthrin was finally crystallized with 10% methanol in n-Hexane to obtain the pure Bifenthrin (4 hrs).
Figure 2.8 Process Flow with Material Balance
Figure 2.9 Chemical Reaction
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 43
2.4.5. Fipronil Technical Fipronil is manufactured by reaction of Fipronil pyrazole with Trifluoromethane sulphinyl chloride in Toluene at 15 to 20°C in presence of TMA-HCl. HCl gas evolved is scrubbed in water.
Check for unreacted pyrazole, if more than 2%, continue cooking for 2 more hours. After completion of reaction add water, stir and settle the layers. Send aq. layer to ETP.
Organic layer is distilled to recover solvent.
Charge Butyl acetate to the mass, centrifuge and dry at 60 -65°C to obtain Fipronil technical product.
The ML is distilled to recover butyl acetate which is recycled for next batch.
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
FIPRONIL TECHNICAL - MATERIAL BALANCE (ALL QUANTITIES ARE IN KG.)
FIPRONIL
REACTOR
CENTRIFUGE
DRYING
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 45
Material Balance:
Material Balance for Fipronil
S.No. Raw Materials Input/MT of Product (KG)
1 Fipronil Pyrazole 850
2 TMA HCl 250
3 TFMSC 400
4 Liquor Ammonia 220
5 Water 5080
6 Toluene 3800
Total 10600
S. No.
Output/MT of Product(KG.)
Remarks Product
Liquid Effluent
Air Emission/
loss Recovery
Solid Waste
1 Fipronil - - 1000 - Product
2 Toluene - 200 3600 - Recycle
3 Aqueous
Layer 5785 - - - To ETP
4 Drying loss - 15 - - To atmosphere
Total 5785 215 4600 -
10600
2.4.6. Imidacloprid Imidacloprid is manufactured by using two intermediates viz: CCMP & Imidinezole.The firstintermediate CCMP is produced by chlorinating CMP using AIBN as catalyst in aqueous media, followed by washing of CMP hydrochloride to make crude mass. Finally fractionation of crude mass to get pure CCMP .The second intermediate Imidinezole is produced by dehydration ofGuanidine Nitrate in presence of Sulphuric acid , followed by recrystallization to get pure NitroGuanidine, which in turn by reacting with Dilute EDA (aqueous) and Hydrochloric acid undermaintained pH condition. The mass is filtered, washed and the wet cake of Imidinezole is used for Imida reaction. Finally Crude Imidacloprid is manufactured by reacting CCMP withImidinezole in presence of Potassium Carbonate using Propionitrile as solvent. After solventrecovery, crude is filtered and purified in Methanol, followed by filtration to get wet cake ofpurified Imida. Drying of wet cake under vacuum to obtain yield imidacloprid as finished goods.
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 46
Figure 2.10 Process Flow with Material Balance
Figure 2.11 Chemical Reaction
Metribuzin Process Description: It is manufactured by the reaction of 4 Amino-6-Tert-Butyl 3-Mercapto 1,2,4-Triazin-5(4H)-one (ATMT) with Dimethyl Sulphate in presence of sulphuric acid at 45 – 50°C under stirring. The reaction mass is neutralized with sodium carbonate solution and heated to 50°C. The mass is cooked for 6 to 7 hrs. to complete the reaction during which CO2 liberates. The evolved gas is
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 47
scrubbed in caustic solution to get sodium carbonate solution which can be used in the next batch. The pH is raised to 10.5. Charge hot water and stir for an hour. Cool to RT, centrifuge, wash the cake with hot water and dry to get Metribuzin technical. The aqueous ML is sent to ETP. Process Reaction:
AZOXYSTROBIN TECHNICAL - MATERIAL BALANCE (ALL QUANTITIES ARE IN KG/TONN)
REACTOR
FILTRATION & DISTILLATION
WASHING
CRYSTALLIZATION & SOLVENT RECOVERY
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 51
Material Balance:
Material Balance for Azoxystrobin
S. No. Raw Materials Input/MT of Product (KG)
1 MMCPOA 880
2 K2CO3 379
3 DMF 2500
4 2 CYANO PHENOL 327
5 CuCl2 11
6 CAUSTIC SODA 23
7 WATER 500
8 HEXANE 2500
9 METHANOL 2200
Total 9320
S. No.
Output/MT of Product (KG)
Remarks Product
Liquid Effluent
Air Emission /Loss
Recovery Solid Waste
1 Azoxystrobin - - 1000 - Product
2 DMF - 100 2400 - Recycle
3 Aqueous Layer
1000 - - - To ETP
4 METHANOL - 130 2070 - Recycle
5 Hexane - 100 2400 - Recycle
6 Inorganic Salts
- - - 120 To Incineration
Total 1000 330 7870 120
9320
Process Description:
Step‐1
1‐(2,6‐diisopropyl‐4‐phenoxyphenyl)thiourea (DTU) is heated to reflux with ortho‐xylene as solvent to give 1,3‐diisopropyl‐2‐isothiocyanato‐5‐phenoxybenzene (DITC). Ammonia gas evolved is scrubbed in water. Xylene is distilled out. Step‐2 Condensation of 1,3‐diisopropyl‐2‐isothiocyanato‐5‐phenoxybenzene (DITC) with tertiarybutyl amine (TBA) in presence of toluene as solvent at 55 – 60°C gives Diafenthiuron crude. Toluene is then distilled out. Finally purification is carried out in n‐hexane by crystallization. The slurry is centrifuged and dried to yield technical grade Diafenthiuron. N-hexane is distilled out of the ML and recycled.
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 53
Process Flow Diagram:
DTU 1045 O-XYLENE RECOVERY 4900
O-XYLENE 5100
O-XYLENE LOSS 200
1045
TBA 670
TOLUENE 5000 NH3 54
WATER 250
TOLUENE RECOVERY 4850
TOLUENE LOSS 150
AQ. LAYER TO ETP 900
1011
N-HEXANE RECOVERY 5750
N-HEXANE 6000
N-HEXANE LOSS 250
RESIDUE 11
DIAFENTHIURON
1000
DIAFENTHIURON TECHNICAL - MATERIAL BALANCE (ALL QUANTITIES ARE IN KG/TONN)
REACTOR
REACTOR
PURIFICATION AND DRYING
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 54
Material Balance:
Material Balance for Diafenthiuron
S. No. Raw Materials Input/MT of Product (KG)
1 DTU 1045
2 O-Xylene 5100
3 TBA 670
4 Toluene 5000
5 Water 250
6 N-Hexane 6000
Total 18065
S. No.
Output/MT of Product (KG.)
Remarks Product
Liquid Effluent
Air Emission/ loss
Recovery Solid Waste
1 Diafenthiuron - - 1000 - Product
2 O-Xylene - 200 4900 - Recycle
3 NH3 - 54 - - To scrubber
4 Toluene - 150 4850 - Recycle
5 Effluent 900 - - - To ETP
6 Residue - - - 11 For incineration
7 N-Hexane - 250 5750 - Recycle
Total 900 654 16500 11
18065
2,4-D Sodium Salt:
Manufacturing Process
2, 4-D Sodium Salt technical is manufactured to contain 80% of 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2, 4-D).
2, 4-D Sodium Salt technical is manufactured in two stages. In the first stage, 2-4-ichloroPhenol is produced by reaction
between phenol and chlorine. In the second stage, 2, 4-D Sodium is produced by reaction between Dichloro Phenol,
Monochloro Acetic acid and Sodium Hydroxide.
(i) In the first phase reaction, phenol is charged in a lead lined reactor and chlorine is passed through it.
Chlorine reacts chemically with phenol and forms dichloro phenol. The gas stream coming out from the
reactor, containing hydrochloric acid fumes and excess chlorine, is scrubbed with counter-current flow
of water/diluted acid in a glass scrubber, to from bi-product hydrochloric acid (HCL).
(ii) In second phase reaction, 2, 4-dichloro phenol is charged in an SS reactor. Now, MCA (Monochloro
Acidic Acid) and NaOH (Caustic) are added slowly (6 hrs.) to the reactor with consist stirring. MCA and
caustic react with Dichloro phenol and forms light pink coloured 2, 4-D Sodium salt.
The reaction temperature is around 1000 C and pH 10 to 10.5. The product is allowed to cool down to about 650C, with
the help of circulating cooling water, followed by transfer to cemented pits. After allowing 40- 48 hours of stabilizing
and setting, the product is separated from the mother liquor in a centrifuge and dried in a dryer. The dry product is
ground in a pulverizer and packed in HDPE bags.
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 55
The mother liquor obtained from setting and centrifuge contains wastewater and different derivatives of phenol and
raw materials. It is neutralized with HCl to separate the organic components, which settle down. The aqueous liquor is
separated from the organic layer and sent to the ETP for treatment. The organic fraction is packed quantitatively in
drums and disposed through sale to sister concern.
Raw materials and sources of supply of 2, 4-D Sodium Salt Tech
S. No. Raw Material Source of Supply
1 Phenol India Glycols Limited
2 Chlorine Reliance life science ltd
3 Mono Chloro Acetic Acid Indian Polychem
4 Caustic Lye JK Chemicals Ahmedabad
2, 4-D Acid (Technical):
Manufacturing Process: In the manufacturing process, 2,4-D Sodium Salt and water are charged
in a rubber lined reactor. Now Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is added slowly with constant stirring for
proper reaction. The addition of HCl is continued till the pH of the materials reaches to 2. In the
reactor, HCl reacts with 2,4-D Sodium salt to form 2,4-D Acid (Tech.). Neither excess
temperature nor catalyst is necessary in this reaction. The product is separated from the mother
liquor in a rubber lined centrifuge and subsequently dried in a dryer. The dried product is ground
with a pulverizer and packed in HDPE bags. Although the mother liquor (wastewater) is rich in
HCl, its recycle to the reactor is prohibited by high concentration of NaCl. The mother liquor is,
therefore, sent to the ETP for treatment and disposal.
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 56
2,4-D Ethyl Ester (Technical): Manufacturing Process: In the manufacturing process, ethyl alcohol is charged in a glass-lined reactor. Powdered 2,4-D
acid and Sulphuric acid are added to the reactor with constant stirring, so as to dissolve the
powder in the mixture. When all the materials have been added and thoroughly mixed, the
manhole of the reactor is closed and so as to render air tight. After this, the reactor is heated by
passing steam. The heating is continued till the temperature raises up to 900C. Under the reactor
conditions, ethyl alcohol reacts with 2,4-D acid to form 2,4-D ethyl ester. The product is heated
vigorously under reflux for 4 hrs. for completion of the reaction. After this, the material in
the reactor is allowed to cool down to 300C. One or two water washings and TEA washing are
employed to reduce the pH of the materials 2 to 5. After 2-3 hrs.of settling, the material is
transferred to SS of HDPE storage tank. After further settling for 40-45 hrs., the material is filtered
and stored in dry HDPE drums.
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 57
2.5. Raw Materials Each product is unique in nature and application/ use, process of manufacture and raw material requirement. As such SCCPL has a long list of raw materials. Raw materials required along with
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 58
estimated quantity, likely source of material and mode of transport of raw material is mentioned in Table 2.4.
The transportation of raw materials will be done by road complying with all safety requirements as per MSIHC rule.
The raw materials will be procured and stored / inventory will be maintained as per market requirement of the products and production schedule. Some of the key raw materials are:
Table 2.4 : List of Raw Material
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 59
S.No Raw Material Quantity (MTPM)
Mode of Storage
1. Formaldehyde 0.500 Liquid in HDPE Drums
2. Phosphorous Trichloride 2.50 Liquid in HDPE Drums
3. Glycine 1.40 Liquid in HDPE Drums
4. Sodium Hydroxide 3.00 Solid in Plastic Bags
5. Hydrochloric Acid 5.50 Liquid in HDPE Drums
6. Toluene 12.00 MS Tank
7. DMC 12.00 MS Tank
8. 2,6 Diethyl aniline bromo-2- 0.900 Liquid in HDPE Drums
9. Proproxyethane 0.980 Liquid in HDPE Drums
10. Sodium Carbonate 0.40 Liquid in HDPE Drums
11. Chloro acetyl chloride 0.60 Liquid in HDPE Drums
12. Triethylamine 0.520 Liquid in HDPE Drums
13. BPC 0.650 Liquid in HDPE Drums
14. DMF 11.00 MS Tank
15. K2CO3(Potasium Carbonate) . Solid in Plastic Bags
16. Hexane 5.00 UG Tank
17. NaHCO3(Sodium Bicarbonate) 0.400 Solid in Plastic Bags
21. Trimethyl amine hydrochloride 0.650 Liquid in HDPE Drums
22. 4- DMAP 0.05 Liquid in HDPE Drums
23. Ammonia solution 0.05 Liquid in HDPE Drums
24. Cholormethyl Pyridine (CMP) 1.10 Liquid in HDPE Drums
25. AIBN 0.025 Liquid in HDPE Drums
26. PPN 0.50 Liquid in HDPE Drums
27. Imidazole 4.00 Liquid in HDPE Drums
28. NaCl 0.100 Solid in Plastic Bags
29. Sodium Hypochlorite 0.10 Liquid in HDPE Drums
30. MTH Acid 0.630 Liquid in HDPE Drums
31. Methanol 5.50 UG Tank
32. \ Cl 5 cylinder
33. CCMT 5 Liquid in HDPE Drums
34. MNPO 4 Solid in Plastic Bags
35. D C P(Dichloro phenol) 8.00 Liquid in HDPE Drums
36. MCA(Monochloro acitic Acid) 5.00 Solid in Bags
37. NaOH(Sodium Hydroxide) 1.40 Solid in Bags
38. HCl (Hydrochloride) 5.00 Liquid in HDPE Drums
39. Ethyl Alcohol 0.80 Liquid in HDPE Drums
40. Thiourea 0.60 Liquid in HDPE Drums
41. O-Xylene 5.00 MS Tank
42. Tert butylamine 0.30 Liquid in HDPE Drums
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 60
43. Methyl -3-methoxy - 2-2-6-chloropyrimidine 1.28 Liquid in HDPE Drums
44. 4-4-iyl- oxyphenyl-acrylate Liquid in HDPE Drums
45. 2-cyano phenol 1.30 Liquid in HDPE Drums
46. K2CO3(Pottasium Dichloromate) 0.40 Liquid in HDPE Drums
47. Cucl2 (Cupric Chloride) 0.04 Liquid in HDPE Drums
48. DMF(Dimethylformamide) 5.00 Liquid in HDPE Drums
49. 4-Amino -6-tert-butyl-3-mercato- 8.00 Liquid in HDPE Drums
50. 1,2,4-trazin-5(4H)-one Liquid in HDPE Drums
51. Dimethyl sulfate 0.50 Liquid in HDPE Drums
52. H2SO4(Sulfuric Acid) 5.00 Liquid in HDPE Drums
2.6. Solvents Used in the Manufacturing Process
The solvents used in the manufacturing process of pesticides products are tabulated below (Table 2.5). All fresh solvents listed below will be stored in tank farm area in 10-15 KL tanks. Flame arrester & dyke wall with sufficient height, width, free board (equal to the volume of maximum capacity tank) and impervious floor. All storage tanks will be under negative pressure to avoid any leakage.
Table 2.5 :Solvents Used in the Manufacturing Process
S. No.
Raw Material Max.
storage Means of Storage Dimensions/shape
1 HEXANE 05 KL 10 KL, MS storage tank Horizontal cylindrical
tank with flat ends
2 METHANOL 7 KL 10 KL , MS storage tank Horizontal cylindrical
tank with flat ends
3 Toluene 12 KL 15 KL , MS storage tank Vertical cylindrical tank with conical top and flat
bottom
4 DMF 4 KL Drums
2.5.1. Solvent Recovery System
The recovery and recycling of solvents in the process is a key issue in achieving productivity and an edge in competitive world. Hence, all the solvent mixtures generated from different stages of the products will be fractionated in a state of the art solvent recovery system to give 95-98% recovery depending upon composition of solvent mixtures and their boiling point. Therefore,
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 61
SCCPL has planned distillation columns with varying specification to take care of the all the spent solvents recovered from various stages of the production.
Note:
1 The fugitive emission from the Reaction vessels, tanks etc., is captured by the scrubbers. The scrubber effluent is treated in solvent distillate is sent to ETP.
2 Solvents contained in the wastewater stream is also stripped and sent to ETP.
2.7. Infrastructure & Utilities Required for SCCPL Project
2.7.1. Land
Total land 4800 sqm the break-up mentioned in Table 2.6.
Table 2.6 Area Break-up
S. No. Area Description Area (sqm) Percentage
1 Production plants including ware house, utilities
2025 42.18
3 Roads, Pathway & Auxiliary 710 14.79
4 Open area for future expansion 330 6.87
5 Waste management facilities 70 1.46
6 Scrap yards 65 1.35
7 Green belt/Plantation ~1600 33.33
Total 4800 100
The pesticide product will be both as liquid and solid. The product storage for liquid will be in drums and for solid in bags.
2.7.2. Power & Fuel Requirements
Total power requirement 150 KVA will be obtained from UPVVNL. 110 KVA DG sets will be installed for backup. DG set of adequate capacity has been provided for emergency power supply.
2.7.3. Employment
The unit proposes to provide employment to various skill and non-skill persons. Employment Generation (Direct and Indirect) due to proposed project will be around 50.
2.7.4. Water Requirement
The total requirement of fresh water forthe proposed project is 10 KLD. Initially 25 kld water will be consumed. Water requirement will be made available through Borewell.Waste water will be generated from the process, utilities and domestic area. The process effluentwill be treated in ETP (Capacity 6 KL). Also, utilities blow downs and domestic sewage will bedisposing off in to septic tank followed soak pitPermeate from RO will be reused in cooling tower and reject will be treated to achieving ZeroLiquid discharge. Reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration is used to recover and concentrate activeingredients.
Only one product will be manufactured at a time. Water balance provide of a product in which maximum water is used during manufacturing process.The proposed site lies in non-notified semi
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 62
critical area. The source of water for the proposed project will be meeting through Bore-well. The water balance given in Figure 2.3.
Total Water requirement – 10 KLD
Recycled water- 04 KLD
Figure 2.12 : Water Balance
2.7.5. Cooling Water System
Induced type Cooling Tower of adequate capacity for the process cooling shall be provided. Make up water to CT (2kld fresh + 2 kld recycle water).
2.7.6. Boiler
One MT Boiler is installed for process steam generation. Renewable source of energy is used as fuel (briquettes or LDO in its absence) in Boiler.
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 63
2.7.7. Fuel
Following fuel requirement is estimated after the proposed project. The details of fuel requirement are given in Table 2.7.
During construction phase 50 manpower will be required per day. During Operation stage around 48 manpower will be required at various levels.
2.8. Generation of Pollutants & Its Control Strategy
2.8.1. Waste Water Generation
The Effluent generated in the Plant is segregated into High TDS / COD and Low TDS / COD streams. Mainly waste water will be generated from the process, utilities and domestic area. The
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 64
process effluent will be treated in ETP (Capacity 6 KL) and domestic sewage will be disposing off in to septic tank followed soak pit.
Table 2.8 : Details of Water Usage and Waste Water Generation
S. No. Area of Consumption Fresh Water
Quantity, KLD
Water Recycled,
KLD
Waste Water Generation,
KLD
Remarks
1 PROCESS 4.25 ---- 2.5 To ETP
2 Domestic 0.75 -- 0.25 To soak pit via septic tank
3 Green belt 2.0 2.0 -- --
4 Boiler 2
0.75 Blow down ETP
5 Cooling Tower --- 2.0 0.75 To ETP
7 Floor Washing 1.0 0.8 To ETP
TOTAL 10 4.0 4.8 Total 4.8 KLD to be treated in ETP
in which 4 KLD waterwill be recycled in process.
Liquid Effluent Management
2.8.2. Effluent Treatment Facility
ETP consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary treatment facility to effluent to be generated. Detail of the ETP plant is as below:
First all biodegradable streams (Stream II) of wastewater (low TDS) shall passed through Screen
Chamber where Then effluent shall be collected in Collection tank. Pipe grid is provided at bottom
of the tank to keep all suspended solids in suspension and to provide proper mixing. 2 nos. of Air
Blowers (1 stand‐by) shall supply air through diffusers to pipe grid.
All biodegradable streams (Stream I) with high TDS shall be collected in Collection Tank. Pipe
grid is provided at bottom of the tank to keep all suspended solids in suspension and to provide
proper mixing. 2 nos. of Air Blowers (1 standby) shall supply air through diffusers to pipe grid.
Then effluent will be sent for further treatment. Then after, equalized wastewater shall be pumped
to Neutralization Tank where the continuous addition and stirring of lime solution is done to
maintain the pH of wastewater from Lime Dosing Tanks as per requirement by gravity. Then after,
neutralized wastewater shall go to Flash Mixer by gravity. Alum and Polyelectrolyte shall be dosed
to carry out coagulation by using a Flash Mixer.
Then after, coagulated wastewater shall be settled in Primary Clarifier. Clear supernatant from
Primary Clarifier shall be passed in Aeration Tank‐1. Here, biodegradation of organic matter of
the wastewater shall be carried out by bacteria (suspended growth) in the AT‐1 and for that
oxygen shall be supplied by 2 nos. of air blowers through diffusers. Air blowers also keep MLSS
in suspension.
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 65
Then after, wastewater shall go to Secondary Clarifier from AT‐1. Here the suspended solids
shall be settled. Sludge shall be removed from bottom and pumped to AT‐1 to maintain MLSS
and excess activated sludge shall be sent to Sludge tank. Clear supernatant from AT‐1 shall go
to Aeration Tank‐2. Here, further biodegradation of organic matter of the wastewater shall be
carried out by bacteria (suspended growth) and for that oxygen shall be supplied by 2 nos. of air
blowers (B‐02) through diffusers.
Thereafter, the wastewater shall be passed through Pressure Sand Filters to remove left out TSS
and Activated Carbon Filters for final effluent polishing. After tertiary treatment, effluent shall be
collected in Treated Effluent tank where recycling of water takes place and remaining treated
effluent will be sent to solar cum forced evaporation tank.
Figure 2.13 : Effluent Treatment Facilities
Total fresh water requirement is 10 KLD. The industrial waste water generated (~ 4.80 KLD) will be treated in the Effluent Treatment Plant –ETP (Capacity 6 kld). After treatment (~2.0 KLD) will
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 66
be recycled back in the cooling tower and 2 kld will be used in Green Belt development. The domesticwaste water will be sent to soak pit via septic tank.
2.8.3. Air Pollution Control System
Air Pollution Control Systems with Stack Details
• Gaseous emission from fuel burning, consist of common pollutants like SO2, NO2, and PM would be discharged into atmosphere through Stack of suitable height.
• Green belt will be developed covering >33% of the total project area, around the plant boundary as dust preventive barrier.
• Odour Control System: All the vents of the batch tanks and solvents are connected to scrubber to absorb any pollutant / odour producing gases and chemicals. Green belt around the plant boundary will absorb the odour to some extent.
• The operation of centrifuging/ filter will be done in closed equipment to avoid any vapours coming out in the local atmosphere. The vents of centrifuges / filters will be connected to scrubbers.
• The drying of the product is done in a closed type continuous Fluidized Bed dryer/ Nudge filter to avoid the exposure of any chemicals to human being.
• Volatile organic solvents are carefully handled in a closed system, thereby preventing any discharge of these chemicals into the air.
Odour Control Measures
Adequate systems shall be provided to capture the odour /emissions from process plants & maintain the emission quality as per recommended guidelines with central scrubber having caustic solution, before venting it in to the atmosphere.
All liquid raw materials and intermediates are charged into Reactors with pumps or under gravity through closed pipes to prevent emission.
• All vents of holding tanks and dosing vessels are connected to a Vent Scrubber system comprising of a suction Blower, Scrubbing system.
• Suction Hoods are placed near the Man-holes & Charging funnels of Reactors & Filters so that chemical vapours and dust do not escape into the Plant & surroundings, when the man-hole covers are opened for inspection or charging of RM.
• All storage tanks of low boiling solvents / chemical are provided with Conservation Vents.
• Vents of HCl storage tanks are provided with a Water filled trap to prevent Acid fumes from escaping out.
• All pumps handling hazardous chemicals are provided with mechanical seals to prevent fugitive emission. Wherever possible magnetic coupled pumps will be used.
• Any spillage from drums etc. will be absorbed with saw dust / soda ash and moped clean. The contaminated absorbent will be safely disposed off along with hazardous waste.
Fuel combustion: The fuel combustion is from DG sets, boiler (Briquettes/ LDO/HSD fired). By controlling optimum conditions and in built internal cyclones and bag filters and
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 67
also the stack heights the level of particulate matter, SO2 and NOX concentrations are kept within prescribed limiting standards.
Process vents: The Pollutants normally emanate from various processes are HCl, NH3, NOx, and SOx etc. The techniques adopted are as stated below Table 2.9.
Table 2.9 :Stack Emission Details
S. No.
Stack Attached
to Fuel Used
Quantity of Fuel/
Capacity APCM
Expected Pollutants
Efficiency of APCE
Stack Height/
Dia (m)
Flue Gas Stacks
1 Boiler
Agrowaste briquettes / LDO (as per availability)
1 MT High Stack SPM, SO2 &NOx --- 30/0.3 (Comm
on)
2 DG Sets HSD ~ 10
liters/day Adequate Stack Ht.
PM, SO2 &NOx - 15
Process Stacks / Vents
1
Process Reactor – Vents -
Combined into one
- - Acid
Scrubber HCl,NH3, Nox&HC 99.9 % 10/0.2
Table 2.10 : Plant Stacks
Sr. No Stack attached to Stack Ht. /
Dia. (m)
Flow
(Nm3/hr)/
Temp. 0C
Pollutant Concentration
PM SO2 NOx ---
(Estimated; Kg/Hr)
1 Boiler 30/0.3 1500/140 1.13 0.36 1.1
Process Stacks
Pollutant Concentration
(Estimated; mg/Nm3)
HCl NH3 NOx HC
Estimated; mg/Nm3
3
Process Reactor –
Vents - Combined
into one
10/0.2 ~1000/37
<20
<30
<25
<15
The pollution load due to the unit is as given Table 2.11:
Table 2.11 :Pollution Load
Sr. No Stack attached to/ Pollutant
Pollutant Load g/sec
PM SOx NOx HC
1. Boiler 0.11 0.3 0.3 -
Process Stacks PM HCl NH3 HC
4. Process Reactor – Vents
Combined into one --- 0.02 0.03
0.015
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 68
Table 2.12 National Emission Standards for Pesticide Manufacturing and Formulation Industry
S. No. Parameter Not to exceed (mg/Nm3)
1 HCl 20
2 Cl2 05
3 H2S 05
4 P2O5 (as H3PO4) 10
5 NH3 30
6 Particulate matter within the form of pesticide compounds
20
7 CH3Cl 20
8 HBr 05
(Source: PFR)
The pollution load due to the unit is as given Table 2.14:
Table 2.13 :Pollution Load
Sr. No Stack attached to/ Pollutant
Pollutant Load g/sec
PM SOx HCl HBr HC
1. Boilers 0.31 0.1 0.31 --- -
Process Stacks HCl HBr NH3 NOx HC
4. Process Reactor – Vents
Combined into one 0.05 --- --- 0.0047 -
2.8.4. Solid and Hazardous Waste
The hazardous waste is generated at various stages of the manufacturing activity. The disposal methodology generally adopted by SCCPL is as stated below: -
The domestic and industrial wastewater generated will be segregated based on pollutant content. The wastewater will go to the Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP). Minor quantities of construction waste will be generated in the form of packaging material and construction waste. Proper care will be taken for handling and reduction of the solid waste generated during construction phase. During the operation phase the solid waste is being generated in the form of ETP sludge/ process
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 69
residue etc. Hazardous wastes category as per hazardous waste the hazardous wastes (management, handling and Trans-boundary movement) rules, 2016.
a. Process wastes/ residue
b. Chemical sludge containing residue insecticides
c. Date expired and off-specification insecticides
All above waste will be collected and stored at separate identified place and suitably disposed off to authorized agencies.
Table 2.14 :Hazardous Waste Generation Quantity
Sr. No.
Type of Waste Category as per
HW
Expected Waste Generation
Treatment / Disposal Method
MT per Annum
1. Used Oil 5.1 0.5 Collection, Storage, Transportation & Disposal by
selling to registered re-processor / reuse as lubricant
2. Process Waste / Waste Residue containing Pesticides
29.1 0.5 Collection, Storage, / Disposed off to TSDF
& sell to authorized vendor 5. Discarded bag / liners
33.3 4
2.8.5. Noise Environment
The proposed project will have various machines and equipment which will generate noise. The equipment and machines will have adequate provision to minimize the noise generation. The manufacturing process is batch process.
• Plant personnel working in the noisy area will be provided with earplug.
• Installation of the plant machinery will be done after due consideration to design noise levels and noise mitigation measures.
• The green belt developed helps in reducing noise levels generated due to plant operations.
• There will be few major sources of industrial noise; minor noise generated from the industrial operations will be controlled by proper maintenance.
• Proper mitigation measures will be taken in addition to above for the reduction of noise levels i.e. use of acoustic enclosures and providing personal protective equipment etc. to the workers.
• Periodical monitoring for noise will be carried out on regular basis.
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 70
• Proper maintenance, oiling and greasing of machines at regular intervals is done to minimize generation of noise at source.
• The D.G. sets will be provided with acoustic enclosures.
2.8.6. Green Belt Development
The site has existing tree plantation on periphery of the plant and along the roads. It will ensure the greenbelt to the extent of 33% of the plot area
2.9. Project Cost:
Total Project cost including Environmental controlling equipment is Rs. 5 crores
2.10. Proposed CSR activities and budget
CSR Plan :SCCPL has allocated Rs 5 Lacs per year towards CSR plan. The above amount will be spend in next 5 years for infrastructure development of surrounding area. Need based survey have been conducted in surrounding villages of the study area. Based on the analysis, the fund has been proportioned given in Table 2.15.
Table 2.15 :Proposed CSR Activities & Annual Allocation of Fund
S. No.
Description of Items Cost (Rs. Lakhs)
1 Development of drainage system in surrounding villages, making new hand pumps (deep tube wells) creating awareness about clean water, clean habits and health
1
2 Social Forestry program & tree plantation outside the plant premises. 0.50
3 Infrastructure Development in surrounding villages (Parks and Gardens, Community Hall, Village Roads, PanchayatBlawan, Anganwadi, Old age home)
1
4 Cleaning of ponds, maintaining village roads, providing street lighting etc.
0.50
5 Periodic Medical Assistance to people of surrounding villages (Free health check-up (routine) and distribution of free medicines (to poor people)
0.50
6 Contribution to village schools (Primary to Higher Secondary level) in each cluster of villages, providing school bags, uniform, tiffin, shoes and socks, books and study materials, teaching aids, furniture and blackboard, toilets and playground.
0.50
7 Rain water harvesting structure in and around plant area 1.0
Total 5
The CSR Cell shall implement the CSR Plan by making a Consultative Committee comprising
the Village Elders, Tribal Leaders, Panchayat Members and Block Development. Annual Audit of
the CSR spending shall be done.
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 71
CHAPTER 3. : DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
3.1 Background and Salient Environmental Features of the Study Area
Generation of environmental baseline of a project area is an important phase of any
Environmental Assessment process. Baseline data provide vital information on the existing
environmental quality in which a development is planned. It is also useful for delineating
environmental sensitive areas and for preparing an Environmental Sensitivity Map for
contingency planning. In this study, the environmental characteristics of the project area (10 km
study area) were established through extensive literature search, field sampling/measurements,
laboratory analysis, consultation and data interpretation.
Secondary data from literature search were also obtained from the Govt. sources i.e.
Meteorological Department, CPCB publications; Forest Department and other Govt. Sources.
The baseline environmental data generation has been done for the period of 15th March 2017 to
15th Jun 2017. M/s JP Test & Research Centre, Sahibabad, Uttar Pradesh with EQMS Team,
carried out sampling and testing. The study area within a 10 km radius around the proposed plant
site has been considered as impact zone for EIA study. Primary and secondary data has been
collected for 10 Km radius of the project site.
3.1.1 Environmental Setting and Salient Environmental Features of the Project Area
The proposed project is a Greenfield project consisting of manufacturing Unit of technical grade
pesticides at HD- 20, 21, 22 and HE 27,28,29 & 30 UPSIDC Industrial Area, Sikandrabad,
District Bulandshhar, Uttar Pradesh-203205. As per the EIA notification dated 14th September,
2006, as amended till date, the proposed project falls under category 5(b), Pesticides Industry
and Pesticide Specific Intermediates of Activity: Manufacturing Process, which shall be treated
as Category “A”. The registered office of which is situated in Sikandrabad, District Bulandshahr –
203205. The proposed project is for development of project area of 4800 m2. The coordinates of
the project site are 28°29'0.15"N and 77°39'12.02"E. map showing corner coordinates of the
Project site is provided in Figure 3.1.
This Chapter describes the baseline environmental conditions around the Samridhhi Crop
Chemicals Pvt Ltd (SCCPL), HD- 20,21 & 22 and HE 27,28,29 & 30 UPSIDC Industrial Area,
Sikandrabad, District. Bulandshhar, Uttar Pradesh-203205, Project site for various
environmental attributes, i.e. physical, biological and socio-economic conditions, within the
10 km radial zone of the proposed project site, which is termed as the study area.
Topography, drainage, meteorology, air, noise, water, soil and land constitute the physical
environment, where as flora and fauna constitute the biological environment. Demographic
details and occupational pattern in the study area constitute socio-economic environment.
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 72
Proposed site is well connected to National Highway-91 (Ghaziabad to Kanpur Highway) which
is passing about 300 m south of the project site. Nearest railway station is Ajayabpur railway
station located about 5.8 km from site in south east direction. Nearest airport is IGI airport Delhi
located about 87 km away. The site is located in an industrial area connected with NH-91 with
internal roads of the industrial area. the rail and road connectivity map of the site is provided in
Figure 3.2.
Nearest settlement to the site are Gopalpur 0.7 km N, Rajarampur 1.0 km E, Jokhabad 1.4 km
S, Vishanpur 1.5 km NE and Nagla Chamroo 2.0 km NW. nearest town is Sikandrabad town
which is located about 5.0 km from site in SE direction.
Upper Ganga canal and its distributaries are the main surface water bodies located within the
study area. Upper Ganga canal is flowing about 8.1 km northeast of the site. the other distribatries
present in the study area are Sikandrabad distributary, Barauda distributary, main Kalda
distributary and other branch distributaries. There is no river present within the study area.
Figure 3.1 Road Connectivity Map
There are no areas protected under international conventions, national or local legislation for
their ecological, landscape, cultural or other related value. There is no national park, wildlife
sanctuary, biosphere reserve and wetland is present within the study area. There is no Reserve
and protected forests are present within 10 km area of the site.
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 73
Location map showing site and surrounding environment features within the 10 km area is
provided in Figure 3.3 and Google map of 10 km radius of the site is provided in Figure 3.4. The
Salient Environmental Features of plant site within 500m, 2 Km and 10 Km radius is summarised
at Table 3.1.
Table 3.1 : Salient Environmental Features of Proposed Site
S.
No.
Environmental
Features
Within 500 m
area around
project site
Within 2 km
area around
project site
Within 10 km area
around project site
1 Ecological Environment
A Presence of Wildlife
Sanctuary/ National
Park/Biosphere
Reserves
None None None
B Reserved /Protected
Forests
None None None
C Wetland of state and
national interest
None None None
D Migratory route for wild
animals
None None None
E Presence of schedule-I
Fauna
None None None
F Critically polluted Area None within 10 km study area
2. Physical Environment
G Road connectivity National
Highway-91
(Highway)
National
Highway-91
(Highway)
National Highway-91
(Highway)
H Rail connectivity None None Ajaiyabpur station 5
km SE
I Defence Installation None None None
J Densely Populated Area None None Sikandrabad town 5
km SE
K Other village close to
plant site
Gopalpur 0.7 km N, Rajarampur 1.0 km E, Jokhabad 1.4 km S, Vishanpur 1.5 km NE and Nagla Chamroo 2.0 km NW.
L Topography Plain, elevation
of site ranges
between 185 to
186 amsl
Almost plain Almost plain
M Seismicity Seismic zone-IV (High damage Risk Zone)
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 74
N Surface Water
Resources (Rivers)
None Distributary of Upper ganga canal
Upper Ganga Canal
P Soil and Land-use Sandy Loam,
land use is
industrial
Sandy loam and
clay loam.
Land use
agriculture and
settlement
Sandy loam & clay
loam. Land use
agriculture and
settlement
3. Social Environment
Q Physical Setting Industrial Rural and
agricultural
Urban, rural and
agricultural
R Physical Sensitive
Receptors
None School,
Hospitals,
Temple etc.
School, Hospitals,
Temple etc.
S Archaeological
Monuments
None None None
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 75
Figure 3.2 Location Map of Study area
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 76
Figure 3.3 Google Map of 10 km Study area
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 77
3.1.2 Primary Data Collection: Monitoring Plan and Quality Assurance Procedures
Primary baseline data has been collected as per the TOR prescribed by MOEF during 15th March
2016 to 15th June 2017 for one complete season. The study period and methodology for primary
data collection is summarized in Table 3.2.
Table 3.2 : Summary of Methodology for Primary/Secondary Baseline Data Collection
Parameters
No. Of
sampling
locations
Frequency/
season Remark
Ambient Air Quality
PM10, PM2.5, SO2 Nox
NH3, , VOC, Cl, HCl,H2S,CS2
HF, HBr,
8 locations
(Refer Fig.
No.3.5 )
Twice a
Week
For Pre
Monsoon
season
AAQ monitoring was carried out at 8
locations (representing upwind,
downwind and sensitive locations).
24 hours sampling at each location
was carried out as per CPCB guide
lines (CPCB Gazette notification
dated 18.11.2009 on AAQ).
Meteorology
Temperature, Humidity, Wind
speed, Direction, Rainfall etc.
One location
Hourly for
Pre
Monsoon
season
Met station was established close to
the site to record the site specific
hourly met data.
Ground Water Quality
Physical, chemical and
biological parameters as per
IS 10,500:2012
8 locations
in study area
(Fig 3.5)
Once in a
season
Ground water: Sampling was
conducted at 8 locations. Samples
were preserved, transported and
analyzed for different parameters
based on APHA methods. Temp,
conductivity and pH which were
measured instantly at site itself.
Surface Water Quality
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 78
Parameters
No. Of
sampling
locations
Frequency/
season Remark
Physical, chemical and
biological parameters as per
IS: 2296
two locations
in study area
(Fig 3.6)
Once in a
season
Surface Water: Sampling was
conducted at two locations. Samples
were preserved and transported for
analysis for different parameters
based on APHA methods. Temp,
conductivity, DO and pH which were
measured intantly at site itself.
Soil
Texture, bulk density, pH,
conductivity, cation exchange
capacity, organic matter, Total
N,P,K, and Heavy metals etc
6 locations
in study area
(Fig 3.5)
Once in a
season
Soil samples were collected at six
locations within the study area and
analyzed as per IARI method
Noise
Noise profiling for 24 hrs
8 locations
in study area
(Fig 3.6)
Once in
season
Noise monitoring was conducted
within the 10 km area of project site
for noise profiling for 24 hrs using
integrated sound level meter, as per
CPCB guidelines.
Ecology (Flora & Fauna)
Flora & Fauna Once Primary survey and Secondary
sources
Demography & Socio-economics
Demography & Socioeconomic - Once Primary survey/ Secondary sources
Standard methods and procedures have been strictly adhered to in the course of this study.
QA/QC procedures were strictly followed which covers all aspects of the study, and includes
sample collection, handling, laboratory analyses, data coding, statistical analyses, presentation
and communication of results. All analysis was carried out in NABL/MoEF accredited/recognized
laboratory. Environment sampling Map is provided in Figure 3.5.
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 79
Figure 3.4 Environment Sampling Location Map
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 80
3.2 Physical Environment
3.2.1 Topography
The topography of proposed site is almost plain. The site elevation ranges between 185 to 186
amsl. Topography around 10 km area of the proposed site is also flat.
3.2.2 Drainage
The Bulandshahar district falls in the doab of Ganga and Yamuna rivers (Ganga basin and
Yamuna basin). The district is drained by river Ganga, Kali nadi, Karwan nadi and Nim nadi. All
these drainages flow in SE course in their regional pattern. Ganga River – forms the eastern
boundary of the district.
There is no river or any natural stream is present within the study area. Upper Ganga Canal and
its distributaries like Sikandrabad and Barauda distributaries and other minors are the man made
stream present in the study area. The slope of the study area is towards south and south east
direction. The drainage of the study area is controlled by upper Gangs canal and its distributaries.
3.2.3 Geology & Hydrogeology
The entire study area is covered by Quaternary Alluvium. The study area part of central Ganga
Alluvium Plain and Younger Flood Plain and is Older Alluvium occupies the entire upland area
Sandy soil/sandy ridges Central upland. Alluvium deposits of Quaternary age brought by river
system of Ganga and its tributaries. The thickness of unconsolidated sediments (including
Quaternary alluvium) may range between 400 and 600 m as revealed by the study of ONGC data
and CGWB drilling records Alluvium consists of clay, silt and various grades of sand with
occasional pebbles at depths. The beds of kankar are also common. The sand is fine to medium
grained being coarser towards Ganga river. The geological succession of the district is provided
in Table3.3
Table 3.3 : Geological Succession of the District
Time Unit Rock Thickness
Recent to 0.01 my. Sand, Clay Sequence Alluvium 150
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 81
Ground water occurs in the pore spaces of the unconsolidated alluvial sediments in the zone of
saturation. The near surface sediments are dominantly sandy clays and clays which grade into
sediments having varied proportions of sand and clays. These sediments occur as inter layered
sequence and pockets. Kankar is generally present in clay in the form of lenses and layers as
well as interspersed. These mixed sediments occur down to 20 m and support large number of
dug wells. The depth of dug wells range between 6 to 20 m.
Below the top 4 to 10 m silty clays and clays, there occurs the sand formations which form a part
of aquifer system. This aquifer is largely unconfined to semi-confined and supports a large
number of cavity/shallow tube wells.
3.2.4 Ground water Resources
The study area falls in Sikandrabad block of the Bulandshahar District. A total groundwater
availability in Sikandrabad block is based on water level fluctuation method is estimated to be
12884.41 ham. Existing gross ground water Draft for all use is 11924.74 ham and over all stage
of development is 92.55%. in the Sikandrabad block in the Bulandshahar district is categorized
as Semi-Critical category. The study area also falls in safe category.
3.2.5 Depth to Ground Water Table
The groundwater storage is largely controlled by the prevailing hydro geological and eomorphic
conditions. Besides, magnitude of input (recharge) to the ground water system and output
(discharge) from it also influences the status of groundwater regime. The study area falls in
Sikandrabadblock of the Bulandshahardistrict. Ground water occurs in pore spaces and
interstices of unconsolidated alluvial sediments under phreatic to semi confined to confined
conditions. The near surface aquifer is under unconfined / water table condition. The depth to
groundwater in the Sikandrabadblock ranges from 4.26 to 11.25 mbgl in pre-monsoon period
whereas it ranges from 4.74 to 11.34 mbgl in post monsoon period. No major variation is
observed. Pre-monsoon and post monsoon depth to water level of Bulalndshar district is provide
in Figure 3.6 & 3.7.
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 82
Figure 3.5 Depth to water level (Pre Monsoon season)
Figure 3.6 Depth to water level (Post Monsoon Season)
Project Site
Project Site
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 83
3.2.6 Seismicity of the Study Area
Based on tectonic features and records of past earthquakes, a seismic zoning map of Uttar
Pradesh State has been prepared by a committee of experts under the auspices of Bureau of
Indian Standard (BIS Code: IS: 1893: Part I 2002. According to the seismic-zoning map of India,
the project area falls in Zone IV of seismicity. Thus lies among the high-risk earthquake areas.
The seismicity map of study area shown in Figure 3.9.
Figure 3.7 Seismic Zones Map
3.3 Land use
Land use analysis was carried out using remote Sensing Data. Interpretation approach based on
systematic digital imaging was used for delineating the land use classes. The demarcation of
boundaries falling under different land use/land cover units is done using different colours
assigned to different land use/land cover units of satellite imagery1
1The satellite Imagery of Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS- ID, sensor P6, LISS III) of 24 m resolution
was used. The Swath of the imagery is 141 Km x 141 Km. Band used are 4, 3, 2 and 5. LANDSAT imagery of 30 meter resolution and 185 x 185 km swath is also used for the comparative and overall analysis of the area. LISS III imagery and LANDSAT 4-5 TM imagery were used for the complete coverage of the study area
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 84
Land use of project site is Open Shrub land. Most of the land within the 10 km area of the project
site is agricultural land. As per the land use based on satellite image, about 84 % of the land is
agriculture land, 11% of the land is under settlement, 1 % of the land is under Vegetation1 % is
under water body, 3% is under open shrub Land(Refer Figure 3.9 and Table 3.3).
Table 3.4 : Land use of the Study Area
Sl. No. Class Area(Sq km) Percentage
1 Agricultural Land 264.36 84
2 Settlement 35.11 11
3 Water body 3.10 1.0
4 Open Shrub Land 10.02 3.0
5 Vegetation 1.86 1.0
6 Total 314.45 100.0
Source: Satellite Image analysis
0.
Figure 3.8 Area statistics for Land Use / Land Cover Categories in the Study Area
Agricultural Land84%
Settlement11%
Water body1%
Open Shrub Land3%
Vegetation1%
Land use Pattern in Study Area
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 85
Source: Interpretation of Satellite image
Figure 3.9 Land Use Map of the Study Area (10 km Radial Zone)
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 86
3.4 Meteorology
Historical meteorological data was obtained from nearest IMD station located at Meerut. The
predominant wind direction is from west and northwest direction during winter season. Details
provided in Table 3.5.
Table 3.5 Long Term Meteorological Data of Meerut (30 years average)
Month
Temperatur
e
(oC) daily
Relative
Humidit
y (%) Rainfal
l (mm)
461. Predominant Wind Direction
(From)
462. Calm Period
Cloud
Amount
s Oktas
Wind
Spee
d
Km/h
r Max Min
January 22.1 6.4 78 16.5 W, NW 43 0.2 5.9
February 24.1 8.9 72 14.7 W, NW 32 0.2 8.0
March 29.7 13.6 62 18.9 W, NW 32 0.2 8.2
April 36.2 19.7 45 6.5 W, NW 34 0.2 8.0
May 39.2 23.7 43 19.0 W, E 29 0.1 7.9
June 39.0 26.0 60 61.2 E, W 29 0.4 9.3
July 34.1 25.4 80 259.6 E, W 41 1.2 7.1
August 32.8 24.7 84 322.6 E, W 45 1.5 6.6
Septemb
er 33.8 23.0
77 139.9 W, E 40 0.7 5.9
October 33.3 17.8 66 15.2 W, E 57 0.1 4.4
Novembe
r 28.9 11.6
70 4.3 W, NW 58 0.1 4.4
Decembe
r 23.8 6.8
75 14.6 W, NW 49 0.2 5.0
Annual
Total or
Mean
31.4 17.3
68
893.0 W, NW 41 0.4 6.7
Source: IMD
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 87
Temperature– December, January and February constitutes winter months with daily mean
minimum temperature around 6.40C and daily mean maximum temperature around 28.9 0C. May
and June is the hottest month with daily mean maximum temperature at 39.2 0C and daily mean
minimum temperature at 23.7 0C.
Relative Humidity–April, May and June are driest with average relative humidity ranges between
43-60%. The maximum humidity during monsoon season is 84%.
Rainfall– The annual total rainfall is 893 mm. Over 76% of the total annual rainfall is received
during the monsoon period between July to September.
Cloud Cover – In the study area, clear weather prevails in most of the time during post monsoon,
winter and summer seasons. Only during monsoon months of July, August and September,
moderate to heavy clouds are observed. Relevant details about the number of days with zero
oktas of cloud cover (all clouds) for all months are presented in Table 3.6.
Table 3.6 No. of days with zero oktas of cloud cover (Meerut IMD)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total
Days
Clouds 30 27 31 29 31 29 26 24 26 31 30 31 345
Wind Speed– The mean wind speed ranges from 4.4 to 5.0 kmph during post-monsoon, 6.6 to
9.3 kmph during monsoon and 7.9 to 8.2 kmph in pre-monsoon season.
Wind Direction– The predominant wind direction is from west and northwest direction in most of
the year except monsoon season where wind blows from east and west direction.
3.4.1 Met Data Generated at Site
Met data for 15th March 2017 to 15th June 2017 was generated at site. An automatic weather
monitoring station was installed at near Project site, keeping the sensors free exposed to the
atmosphere and with minimum interference with the nearby structures. The micro-meteorological
data like wind speed, wind direction, temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure
were collected using the weather stationed cloud cover was recorded manually for the study
period.
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 88
The wind directions, wind speed, temperature, rainfall and humidity recorded at site during study
period are presented in Table 3.7. Site specific wind rose diagram for study period is presented
in Figure 3.10.
Table 3.7 Site Specific Meteorological Data
Month Temperature
(deg C)
Relative
Humidity,
%
Wind
speed
(m/s)
463. Predominant
464. wind Direction
465. Calm
466. Period
Min Max Min Max Average (from ) %
March.-
2017
14.2 29.8 45 64
0.79 N, NW 11.96 April.- 2017 20.8 37.5 42 68
May.- 2017 26.4 41.7 36 52
June -2017 27.8 42.4 34 54
(Source: Field Survey)
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 89
Figure 3.10 Wind Rose Diagram of Study Area (Pre Monsoon Season)
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 90
Figure 3.11 Wind Class Frequency Distribution
3.5 Ambient Air Quality
CPCB guidelines were applied for selecting the appropriateness of monitoring locations. The
location and height of the stations were so selected (>5 m from base) to avoid the capture of re-
suspended road dust and fugitive domestic emissions due to burning. All the ambient air analysis
with respect to each parameter were analysed as per CPCB guidelines. AAQ monitoring was done
at eight locations within the study area considering dominant wind direction, populated area and
sensitive receptors. Details of monitoring locations are shown in Table 3.9. Monitoring Location
map is shown in Figure 3.4. The summary of Ambient Air quality results is presented in Table 3.8
and Table 3.9.
Table 3.8 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations
EIA/EMP for Setting Up a New Technical Grade Pesticides Manufacturing Unit
Educational Facilities P-Primary School M-MiddleSchool HSS-Higher Secondary Schools SSS-Senior Secondary School C-Colleges Adl. L.C.-Adult Literacy Class/Centers Indl. S.-Industrial School O-Other Educational Schools Medical Facilities Al. H. - Allopathic Hospitals Ayu. H.-Ayurvedic Hospitals Ayu. D. - Ayurvedic Dispensary Un. H. - Unani Hospital Hom. D.-Homeopathic Dispensary MCWC-Maternity and Child Welfare Centre CWC-Child Welfare Centre MH-Maternity Home CWC-Child Welfare Centre HC-Health Centre PHC-Primary Health Centre PHSC-Primary Health Sub-Centre FWC-Family Welfare Centre NH-Nursing Home RMP-Registered Private Medical Practitioners SMP-Subsidized Medical Practitioners CHW-Community Health Workers O-Other Medical Facilities
Drinking Water Facilities T-Tap Water W-Well Water Tk-Tank Water TW- Tube Well Water HP-Hand Pump R-River Water C-Canals O-Other Drinking Water Sources Post, Telegraph and Telephone Facilities PO- Post Office Tel. - Telephone Connection Communication Facilities BS- Bus Services RS- Railways Services NW- Navigable Waterway Available Approach to Village PR- Paved Roads KR-Kuchha Road FP- Foot Path Power Supply ED-Electricity for Domestic Use E Ag. - Electricity of Agricultural Use EC-Electricity for Commercial Purpose EO- Electricity for Other Purposes EA- Electricity for All Purposes
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 157
CHAPTER 4. IMPACTS ASSESSMENT AND PREDICTION
4.1. General
Impacting activities are defined as elements of organization's activities that can interact with
the environment. These include activities during normal and abnormal actions of
Residential, commercial and education units. Environmental impacts are defined as any
change in environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially, resulting from
impacting activities.The environmental indices (or parts of the receiving environment on
which impacts are being predicted) are ambient air, water, noise, land, flora and fauna,
infrastructure, and socio-economic environment. Thus, we predict the environmental
impacts of the impacting activities on the environmental indices. In this chapter we covered
the cummulative impact considering approved TOR prescribed by MOEF&CC.
The possible impact on various components of environment due to the proposed project
can be assessed in terms of:
• Beneficial or detrimental
• Naturally reversible or irreversible
• Repairable via management practices or irreparable
• Short term or long term
• Temporary or continuous
• Occurring during construction phase or operational phase
• Local, regional, national or global
• Accidental or planned (recognized beforehand)
• Direct (primary) or Indirect (secondary)
• Cumulative or single
• Significant
And on:
• Physical
• Biological Environment and
• Demographic and Socio-economic Environment.
For proper assessment of significance and magnitude of environmental changes due to
construction and operational phases of the plant, the impacts are analyzed on the 10 km
radius study area around the proposed plant site for each environmental parameter. Impact
assessment study for the proposed unit is carried out by predicting net contribution of
pollutants (qualitative as well as quantitative) on overall qualitative assessment of various
environmental indicators. Prediction of impacts is an important component in environmental
This chapter details the inferences drawn from the Environmental Impact Assessment of the
proposed project. It describes the overall impacts of the project activities and underscores
the areas of concern, which need mitigation measures.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 158
impact assessment process. Several techniques and methodologies are in vogue for
predicting the impacts due to existing and proposed industrial development on physico-
ecological and socio-economic components of environment. Such predictions delineate
contribution in existing baseline data for the operational project and superimpose over the
baseline (pre-project) status of environmental quality to derive the ultimate (post-project)
scenario of the environmental conditions due to the proposed project. The quantitative
prediction of impacts lead to delineation of suitable environmental management plan
needed for implementation during the construction, commissioning and operational phases
of the proposed project in order to mitigate the adverse impacts on environmental quality.
4.2. Construction Phase
The activities of proposed project program will be confined to the project site within the
boundary of Plant complex. The present project activities will not cause any significant loss
of any important flora.
Emission /Gaseous pollution
Due to different vehicular movement, construction machineries and project construction
activities (Bulk solids handling), the concentration of air pollutants can increase. These
pollutants can affect the surrounding vegetation and nearby agricultural crops. There will
be limited construction activities at SCCPL.
Dust / Fumes (from machineries) Generation
Terrestrial flora can be affected by the dusty/ fumes environment to be created due to
vehicular movement/ machineries during construction phase. Increment in the density of
the dust particles (SPM)/ fumes having SOx/NOx/HC in the atmosphere can affect the
surrounding plant/ vegetation in following ways:
a) Blockage and damage to stomata
b) Reduction in chlorophyll content
c) Abrasion of leaf surface or cuticle
All these disturbances ultimately affect photosynthesis process and plant metabolism that
leads to reduction in plant growth up to some extent.
Noise Pollution
Noise level of the project area will increase during construction phase. Although there is no
specific noise-sensitive fauna has been recorded near to project site (and project site is in
Industrial area) but limited avifauna and small animals in the industrial area can be affected
by increased noise level. In such cases they can change their habitat.
Congregation of Labour
Construction activities often require a considerable workforce and associated support
services. The livelihood activities of this increased human population may contribute to local
environmental impacts in terms of collecting firewood and food as well as enhancing
recreational activities.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 159
The impacts during construction phase normally are:
• Detrimental
• Naturally reversible
• Short term
• Temporary
• Local
• Direct
Mitigation Measures:
Gaseous pollution
The pollutants (SPM, SOX,NOX, HC and others) in ambient air of the study area are low.
Development of multi-layer plantation (green belt) around the proposed project area will
further help to mitigate gaseous pollution within and around the project area.
Dust Generation
Dust generation during construction period will be managed through:
Water spraying on rough roads, on powdery construction materials etc.
Land / Soil
As this is new project, there will be construction activities to be carried out. There will also
be installation of new machineries and equipment. But all this would not make a huge
damage to the present condition of land. Further the area of the plant is flat. Much leveling
would not be required. Thus, topography will also remain unchanged after execution of the
proposal.
Thus, the impact on the land/soil during the construction will for short terms and
insignificant.
Effluent discharge
There will be a negligible discharge of effluent from the proposed plant due to construction
activities, which will be directly sent to Soak pit through septic tank. Safe guard for rainy
season runoff will be taken to prevent any direct discharge from the plant to nearby water
body. As such the water ecology will not be affected, the domestic effluent will be
discharged through septic tank into soak pit.
Congregation of Labour
The impacts will be managed through:
• No permanent camping in vegetation rich area and riverside
• A provision of fuel for labourers engaged in construction activities
• Restriction on poaching/hunting and removal of any vegetation
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 160
Based on the field observations and interaction with local people and forest officials, it was
noticed that the project area is not associated with any National Park/Wildlife
Sanctuary/Conservation Reserve and there is no wildlife migratory routes present in the
project area. Improvement in the green cover under a regular plantation program (Greenbelt
Development Program) will not only increase the plant diversity in the area but also
enhance the habitat for wildlife especially for avifauna.
4.3. Operation Phase
4.3.1. Air Environment
The pre-project (baseline) ambient air quality status in the study area indicates that all the
general as well as specific to project pollutants are well within the prescribed National
Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for industrial, residential, rural and other areas.
The principal impacts on air environment shall be due to operation of flue gas stacks and
process stacks – Briquettes /LDO shall be used as fuel in the boilers & DG sets. To minimize
the impacts due to emission from small boiler high stack (as per norms) shall be provided
as air pollution control equipment. The process vents shall be attached to efficient adequate
water scrubbers followed by alkali / acid scrubbers to remove pollutant from process
emission.
To assess the impact of air emissions from various continuous point sources, air dispersion
modeling study has been conducted with the help of ISCST3 (USEPA dispersion model).
Detailed description has been given in the following sub-sections:
4.3.2. Model Details
Air dispersion modeling can be used to predict atmospheric concentrations of pollutants at
specific locations (receptors) over specific averaging times (i.e. annual, daily, and hourly).
An atmospheric dispersion model accounts for the emissions from a source; estimates how
high into the atmosphere they will go, how widely they will spread and how far they will
travel based on temporal meteorological data; and outputs the pattern of concentrations
that will occur for various exposure periods, thereby providing the exposure risks for
different receptors.
In the proposed project, prediction of impacts on air environment has been carried out
employing mathematical model based on a Steady State Gaussian Plume Dispersion
Model designed for multiple point sources for short term. In the present case, Industrial
Source Complex Short-term [ ISCST3] dispersion model based on steady state Gaussian
Plume Dispersion, designed for multiple points sources for short term and developed by
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has been used for simulations
from point sources.
The predictions for air quality during operation phase were carried out for particulate matter
(PM) SOx, NOx, HCl, NH3 andHC using ISCST3.
A uniform polar grid was used for the computation and extended to 10 km from the centre
of the proposed project. In addition to that, receptors were also placed at the sampling
locations
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 161
4.3.3. Predicted GLC due to proposed project
The main sources of air pollution due to the operation of the plant are the Boiler, Process
vent and other stacks. The contribution to GLCs for the pollutants i.e. particulate matter,
SOx, NOx, and HC were predicted over the study area proposed project considering the
worst scenario. The emission load from proposed project is given in Table below. The
prediction (maximum) is based on the expected total emission rate from each stack and are
given in isopleths Figure 4.1 (A, B, C and D) for proposed project. The additional
contribution to GLC is also given below in Table 4.1.
Table 4.1 :Stack Emission Details
S. No.
Stack Attached
to Fuel Used
Quantity of Fuel/
Capacity APCM
Expected Pollutants
Efficiency of APCE
Stack Height/
Dia (m)
Flue Gas Stacks
1 Boilers
Agrowaste briquettes / FO (as per availability)
1 MT High Stack SPM, SO2 &NOx --- 30
---
3 DG Sets HSD ~ 25
liters/day Adequate Stack Ht.
PM, SO2 &NOx - 15
Process Stacks / Vents
1
Process Reactor – Vents -
Combined into one
- - Acid
Scrubber HCl,NH3, Nox&HC 99.9 % 10/0.2
Table 4.2 : Plant Stacks
Sr. No Stack attached to Stack Ht. /
Dia. (m)
Flow
(Nm3/hr)/
Temp. 0C
Pollutant Concentration
PM SO2 NOx ---
(Estimated; Kg/Hr)
1 Boiler Heater 30 1500 1.13 0.36 1.1
Process Stacks
Pollutant Concentration
(Estimated; mg/Nm3)
HCl NH3 NOx HC
Estimated; mg/Nm3
3
Process Reactor –
Vents - Combined
into one
10/0.2 ~1000/37
<20
<30
<25
<15
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 162
The pollution load due to the unit is as given Table 4.3:
Table 4.3 :Pollution Load
Sr. No Stack attached toPollutant
Pollutant Load g/sec
PM SOx NOx HC
1. Boiler 0.11 0.3 0.3 -
Process Stacks PM HCl NH3 HC
4. Process Reactor – Vents
Combined into one --- 0.02 0.03
0.015
4.3.4. Meteorological Data
The meteorological data consists of wind speed, direction, temperature, humidity, solar
radiation, cloud cover and rainfall recorded during the months of 15st March, 2017 through
15th June 2017, on an hourly basis. Wind speed, wind direction and temperature have been
processed to extract the 24–hour mean meteorological data for application in ISCST3.
4.3.5. Receptor Locations
A total of about 186 receptors – 180 receptors of which were generated with a polar grid
from the centre of the proposed project and extended to 10 km. Apart from these receptors,
the sampling locations were also taken into account to assess the incremental load on the
baseline environmental scenario.
4.3.6. Summary of Predicted GLC’s
The summary of maximum ground level concentrations (GLC) for the proposed project is
listed in Table 4.4.
Table 4.4 Summary of Maximum 24-hour Incremental GLC due to the Proposed Project
Stacks
Parameters Maximum incremental GLC
(µg/m³) Distance (Km) Direction
PM 0.152 1.5 EES
SO2 0.408 1.5 E & EES
NOx 0.408 1.5 E & EES
NH3 0.201 1.2 SE
HCL 0.151 1.2 SE
HC 1.005E-0.1 1.2 SE
(Source: Modelling output results)
Maximum 24 hourly averages incremental in GLCs of particulate matter, SOx, NOx& HBr
due to proposed project during operation phase are predicted and given in Table 4.4. The
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 163
isopleths of the pollutant concentration due to the impacts associated with the operation of
the proposed project are shown in Figures 4.1 (A,B,C and D) for, Particulate matter, SOx,
NOx and NH3respectively. Contours of the incremental GLCs depict that the travel of
emissions from the proposed project would be mainly in E& EES direction.
Besides the worst GLC (maximum) predictions the GLC incremental at the sensitive
receptors (where the ambient air monitoring was carried out) was also predicted.
4.3.7. Discussion of the Cumulative Impacts at monitoring locations:
The nearest settlement in downwind direction is Village Rajampur (1.15 km E). As per
baseline data of AAQ maximum GLC for PM at Rajampur is 33.15µg/m³ with this proposed
project, 0.152 µg/m³ rise in GLCs so PM level will be 33.15 µg/m³. The Particulate Matter
in the study area is contributed mainly by commercial activities and traffic movement
(vehicular emissions), re-suspended dust from paved and unpaved roads and open
uncovered areas as well as from industrial activities.
Maximum baseline GLC for SO2 (Process) at downwind direction Rajampur (1.15 km E)
was as 7.0µg/m³ are observed. With the Proposed project Sox level may increase by 0.408
µg/m³ so post project level of Sox is 7.408 µg/m³. Maximum baseline GLC for NOx in
downwind direction at VillageRajanpur (1.15 km E).as 12.2 µg/m³. With the expansion
project NOx concentration is 0.408 µg/m³ so rise in GLC of NOx concentration is 12.62
µg/m³. It can be concluded that with the proposed project all the AAQ parameters will
remain within the NAAQ norms.
As is evident from the table and discussion above, there will be no adverse impacts on the
surrounding area. All pollutants post project GLC will be well within NAAQ norms. Highly
efficient air pollution control systems have been adopted to mitigate particulate matter as
well as gaseous emissions in the ambient environment.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 164
(A) Isopleth for PM incremental GLC due to Proposed Project
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 165
(B) Isopleth for SOx incremental GLC due to Proposed Project
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 166
(C) Isopleth for NOx incremental GLC due to Proposed Project
(D) Isopleth for NH3 incremental GLC due to Proposed Project
Mitigation Measures:
The ambient air quality with respect to air pollutants will change during the operation phase
of the proposed project. However, adequate stack height has been provided for better
dispersion of flue gas as per the guidelines of CPCB. In addition all process stacks has
been provided with high efficiency common scrubbing system to control the emission
within norms. In addition to that, adequate greenbelt will be developed for further control
of air pollution.
Compliance with the existing ambient air quality standards will be achieved by process
system selection as outlined above, proper system operation and implementation of the
measures as outlined in EMP. This needs to be coupled with the continuous monitoring of
air pollutants within and around the project site as well as in adjoining areas.
Environmental impacts (AAQ) resulting from proposed project can be grouped into
following
Categories:
• Beneficial or detrimental--detrimental
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 167
• Naturally reversible or irreversible---Reversible
• Repairable via management practices or irreparable—Repairable to some extent
through Green Belt development
• Short term or long term Short term
• Temporary or continuous-- Continuous
• Occurring during construction phase or operational phase—Operation Phase
• Local, regional, national or global--Local
• Accidental or planned (recognized before hand)-- Planned
• Direct (primary) or Indirect (secondary)-- Direct
• Cumulative or single-- Single
4.4. Noise Environment
The sources of noise during the operational phase of the plant are mainly from Boiler,
Thermic Fluid Heater, blowers, pumps, vacuum pumps, ejectors and furnaces and other
process equipment. The other sources of noise are the movement of vehicles along the
road. Moving machineries will be selected with caution as regard to low noise generation
as well as low energy consumption.
4.4.1. Impacts due to Transportation
Noise level contributed from increased movement of light medium and heavy vehicles on
the roads both within and outside the plant can be considerable depending upon the traffic
density. The heavy commercial vehicles traffic is limited depending upon the material
receipt and dispatch of products through road transport. The major quantity of pesticides
will be dispatched through roads.
4.4.2. Impact of noise on community
Equivalent sound levels are often used to describe community exposures to noise. Noise
survey was also carried out at eight locations outside the plant area but within the study
area. Ambient noise level of the study area is within the prescribed National Ambient Noise
Quality Standard for respective residential, commercial and industrial category at all the
monitored locations which is well within the day and night time standard (commercial).
The operation of proposed project will have the noise level not much exceeding the present
noise level and as such will not have any adverse impact on the human settlement around
it. The noise will not be audible beyond its boundary limit, particularly due to natural green
belt and other attenuators.
Mitigation Measures:
Noise from the plant is to be limited through:
a. High noise machineries (DG sets etc.) should have acoustic enclosures.
b. Proper / regular maintenance of machineries.
Regular noise monitoring shall be taken in work zone. Any abnormal noise level to be
investigated and noise source attended.
Green belt development helps to arrest noise from going outside the plant.
Environmental impacts (Noise) resulting from proposed project can be grouped into
following
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 168
Categories:
• Beneficial or detrimental--detrimental
• Naturally reversible or irreversible---Reversible
• Repairable via management practices or irreparable—Repairable to some extent
through Green Belt development
• Short term or long term Short term
• Temporary or continuous-- Continuous
• Occurring during construction phase or operational phase—Operation Phase
• Local, regional, national or global--Local
• Accidental or planned (recognized before hand)-- Planned
• Direct (primary) or Indirect (secondary)-- Direct
• Cumulative or single-- Single
4.5. Water Environment
Impact on water environment due to proposed project scheme will be in terms of additional
water consumption {water demand} and waste water generation after treatment will be
recycled and reused.
4.5.1. Water Demand
Since the proposed project will have water requirement both during construction period as
well as during operation. The requirement during construction period will be much less. as
compared to that during operation and will be met from Surface water and ground water
or both.
Water during operational phase is normally required for:
• Process and washing
• Cooling Water
• Boiler Feed Water
• Domestic and Green Belt
Total fresh water requirement will be around limited (10 KLD) and will be obtained from
Bore well. The area lies in non notified overexploited area as per CGWA.. The total fresh
water requirement after the proposed project will be 10 KLD and ~4 KLD water will recycled
and used. The water balance for the proposed project is given in the Figure 2.4.
The domestic wastewater generated from the toilets, washrooms and canteen of the plant
shall be sent to Septic tank through soakpit. No wastewater will be discharged outside the
plant premises during non-monsoon and under normal operating condition, unit followed
the zero discharge concepts.
4.5.2. Effluent Generation and Discharge
.The process effluent will be treated in ETP (Capacity 6 KL). Domestic sewage will be
disposing off in to septic tank followed soak pit.
Effluent treatment normally includes flocculation, coagulation, settling, carbon adsorption,
detoxification of pesticides by oxidation (using ultraviolet systems or peroxide solutions),
and
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 169
biological treatment (details in Chapter 2). The wastewater shall be passed through
Pressure Sand Filters to remove left out TSS and Activated Carbon Filters for final effluent
polishing. After tertiary treatment, effluent shall be collected in Treated Effluent tank. The
treated effluent will go to RO System before recycling in the process. RO reject and other
wet sludge will go to solar cum forced evaporation tank. Permeate from RO will be reused
in cooling tower and green belt development and reject will be treated to achieving Zero
Liquid discharge. Reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration is used to recover and concentrate
active ingredients. The inorganic hazardous residues will be sent to TSDF.
Hazardous wastes will be stored, managed and handles as per hazardous wastes rules.
All bulk chemicals and fuel storage areas will be provided with dyke wall / bunds to
eliminate chances of any spillages/ leakages entering into the storm water drain.
No significant adverse impact on the surface and ground water or soil quality is envisaged
in view of the proposed mitigate measures.
Mitigation Measures:
Water consumption to be controlled though eliminating / reducing any water wastage –
leakages/ spillage.
a. Process control
Regular monitoring of effluent sources to ETP will show process conditions and deviation
from optimum water consumption.
ETP – performance for maximum recycle of treated water.
Environmental impacts (Water) resulting from proposed project can be grouped into
following
Categories:
• Beneficial or detrimental--detrimental
• Naturally reversible or irreversible---Reversible
• Repairable via management practices or irreparable—Repairable to some extent
• Short term or long term Short term
• Temporary or continuous--continuous
• Occurring during construction phase or operational phase—Operation Phase
• Local, regional, national or global--Local
• Accidental or planned (recognized before hand)-- Planned
• Direct (primary) or Indirect (secondary)—Direct
• Cumulative or single-- cumulative
4.6. Land/Soil Environment
Essentially, the two major impacts normally faced in impact on land environment due to
any development project are:
• Diversion of land from designated use to the Project Use.
• Deterioration of land / soil in terms of soil fertility and toxicity due to hazardous wastes
or liquid efluents.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 170
4.6.1. Land Diversion
Proposed plant land is already for industrial use (being in Notified Industrial area).
4.6.2. Land Deterioration
The hazardous waste is generated at various stages of the manufacturing activity. The
mode of disposal is mentioned for each category of waste as per hazardous wastes
(management, handling and trans -boundary movement) rules, 2016 .
Hazardous wastes will be stored at earmarked area with impervious flooring, shed and
spillage/ leakage collection system to eliminate rainwater contamination, chances of
overflow / spillages going on to the land and thus land/ soil contamination.
SOLID WASTE: The total steam requirement will be met from boiler. briquettes/LDO will
be used as fuel in proposed boilers. Ash generated from use of Briquette will be disposed
off to Brick/Cement manufacturers/ or for road development and to comply the Fly ash
management rules.
Liquid Effluents: No effluents will be discharged from Plant (Zero effluent policy).
4.6.3. SOLID/HAZARDOUS WASTE
Hazardous/solid waste generation will be the main source of impact on the soil
environment. Entire quantity of hazardous waste will be handled and disposed as per
Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Trans boundary movement) Rules 2016.
Most of the hazardous waste will be collected, stored and sent /will be disposed off as per
the hazardous waste management rules.
4.7. Biological Environment
Though the concentrations of the emitted pollutants will be kept within permissible levels
through the various engineering controls, it is essential to have eco-management in the
Likely Impact Zone for safeguard and enhanced of ecological environment of the project
area. The likely impacts and mitigation measures associated with different phases due to
various project activities area describes in following Table. .
Project Aspect
Description
Likely Impacts on
Ecology and
Biodiversity (EB)
Impact Consequence -
Probability Description
/ Justification
Mitigation measures Type
Pre-Construction Stage Impacts
Removal of site
vegetation like herbs,
shrubs and grasses
• site specific loss of common floral diversity
• Site specific loss of associated faunal diversity
• Site specific loss of habitat / habitat diversity
• No major vegetation is present on site.
• Site possesses common floral species; This will be site specific impact.
.
Subject to periodic
monitoring
/surveillance. However,
greenbelt / plantation
will be developed in
project site and in
periphery of the project
boundary, which will
improve floral diversity
of the area.
Short term
Construction Stage Impacts
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 171
Dust and Noise
Generation due to
movement
of JCBs, other
machinery, and other
construction activities
Site specific
disturbance to faunal
species
Dust settlement on
vegetation
No endangered fauna
reported from the site as
well as in study area. The
species reported from
project site and buffer
zone are common /
generalist species and
not very sensitive to the
routine activities, so
there will be no threat of
facing disturbance.
However, its site specific
and temporary impact.
Subject to periodic
monitoring and
surveillance.
Water sprinkling for
Dust suppression.
Construction activities
shall be restricted in
night time.
Short term
Operation Stage Impact
Emission of PM, NOx,
Sox, HCl etc. due to
operation (Indirect
impact on crops, trees
and shrubs of vicinity
due to contamination
of ambient air, dust
emission, vehicular
exhaust)
Impact on surrounding
vegetation and
associated biodiversity.
Though the emission
levels of all pollutants will
be kept within
permissible limits. APCD
shall be used to control
dust emissions from
various sections of plant.
The incremental air
pollution will not violate
the air quality standards .
Proposed plant is zero
liquid discharge basis so
no waste water will be
discharged.
Greenery development
will be done in and
around the plant site .
Such measures will be
adequate to protect the
noise and air pollution
impacts.
Operation subject to
management of
operational controls.
Emission levels of all
pollutants will be kept
Within permissible
levels through various
engineering control
measures. However,
green belt development
with suitable species
will help to mitigate
likely cumulative
impacts.
Long term
(insignificant
)
Noise Generation
(Disturbance to
sensitive terrestrial
fauna due to
noise pollution)
Construction Stage Impacts
Excavation and filling up operation may results in fugitive dust emission. The dust
deposition on pubescent leaves of the surrounding vegetation may leads to temporary
reduction of photosynthesis. Such impacts would however be confined mostly to the initial
period of the construction phase and would minimized through paving of roads, surface
treatment, regular water sprinkling in dust generating areas and greenbelt development.
The impact on the ecology of the surrounding area during the construction stage will be
insignificant in nature. Greenbelt development along the plant boundary, development of
gardens and lawns will mitigate the residual impact on natural resources.
Operation stage Impacts
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 172
No national park, wildlife sanctuary, biosphere reserve exists within 10 km area of the
project. No endangered or rare or threatened plant or animal species was observed within
10 km area of the project site (Except Peafowl). However, one small patches of forest
ispresent within the study area which is located more than 5 km away from the site. The
impact on the surrounding ecology during the operation of the project will mainly occur
from the deposition of air pollutants. Air pollution affects the biotic and abiotic components
of the ecosystem individually and synergistically with other pollutants. Chronic and acute
effects on plants and animals may be induced when the concentration of air pollutants
exceeds threshold limits. Particulate emission and other gaseous emissions from the
proposed plant are the major pollutant that may affect the ecology of the area. The
incremental emission of air pollutants is not likely to induce any significant changes in the
ecology because the national ambient air quality standards will remain within the limits.
The incremental MGLC of PM, Sox, NOx, HCl etc. generated from the proposed plant will
be very less and overall incremental GLC will remains within the NAAQS. Therefore impact
of PM, NOx, HCl etc. emission on the surrounding vegetation will be insignificant.
CREP Guidelines: SCCPL as good corporate company committed to abide by CREP
guide lines for pesticide industry as give below:
The guidelines enunciated by CPCB are very helpful to mitigate environment pollution,
improve human health and benefit of cost savings by cutting cost of valuable solvent by
efficient recovery system. We (SCCPL) will adopt all the guidelines as stated here under.
Table 4.5 CREP Guidelines Compliance
Sr. No CREP Point Compliance
1
Segregation waste streams: Waste streams
should be segregated into COD waste, toxic waste,
low COD waste, inorganic waste etc, for the
purpose of providing appropriate treatment.
Waste streams will be segregated and treated in well-designed ETP
2
Detoxification and treatment of high COD waste
streams: Streams should be detoxified and treated
in CTP or thermally destroyed in incinerator, as per
CPCB guidelines. The waste streams should be
treated suitably before taking to evaporationponds.
SCCPL will have ETP followed by RO system. All the treated effluents will be recycled in the process.
3
Improvement in solvent recovery:
– Solvent recovery should be improved and
attempts should be made to achieve at least 90%
recovery wherever possible.
– Rest of the solvents which cannot be recovered
shall be incinerated.
SCCPL will follow norms
Hazardous air pollutant control: High efficiency scrubber and
stacks for reducing the Air pollution will be provided.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 173
4
– For air pollution control from processes, scrubber
efficiency will be improved and maintained as per
the best practicable technology for control of HCl,
VOCs etc..– An incinerator will be installed, where
necessary.
An incinerator will be installed, where
necessary
Stack emissions will be kept well within the prescribed limits.
Not applicable
5
Control of fugitive emissions/ VOCs: For control
of fugitive emissions (particularly for hazardous air
pollutions). The industries will adopt standard
engineering practices. System of leak detection and
repair (LDAR) program especially for
solventsshould be developed industries.
Condenser with brine chilling shall be provided to the vent to minimize vapour losses. LDAR system will be followed to prevent any liquid/vapour leakages.
6
Upgrade of incinerators: Incinerators will be
upgraded to meet CPCB norms hazardous waste
incinerators. This is necessary for Halogenated
compound and POPs.
Not Applicable.
7
Replacement of Bio Assay test by toxicity
Factor: The present bio-assay test will be replaced
by Toxicity Factor test method developed by CPCB.
Toxicity factor of four (TF-4) will be achieved and
industries will improve their system to achieve TF-
2. TF test method will be implemented by
PCBs/CPCB/ MoEF. The CPCB will organize
workshops on “Toxicity Factor” for industry.
SCCPL will abide by the rules.
8
Minimum scale of production to afford cost of
pollution load: To be decided, as industries view
point is that this cannot be done as few products are
costly and made in small volume. The matter will be
studied in detail by MoEF/ CPCB.
SCCPL will abide by norms.
9
Non-complying Units (as identified by SPCB)
should meet the notified standards
Not Applicable
10
Bank guarantee to be submitted to SPCB by
Non-complying units: The submissions from
pesticides industry regarding speedy clearance and
Not Applicable
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 174
4.8. Socio – Economic Environment
Proposed project will generate employment opportunities some through direct employment
and more so indirectly through services for the plant. Pesticides manufactured by
proposed plant are indirectly going to contribute food grain availability by preventing loss
due to insects (to crop) and rodents (during storage) etc.
• Proposed project will have some impacts also on socio – economic environment of the
study area- some are as given below:
• Proposed project will result in handling of product and raw material, which will increase
manpower requirement at various stages directly, or indirectly resulting in more income
of people.
• Proposed project would increase requirement from ancillary and auxiliary industries in
the vicinity.
• More income to Government through more taxes on higher amount of production.
4.9. INFRASTRUCTURE
The site is located in planned notified industrial area having a good network of internal
roads. Further the site is located close to National Highway-91 (Ghaziabad to Kanpur
Highway) which is passing about 300 m south of the project site.
As the site is located close to NH-91 and all the material movement shall be done through
this highway. The NH-91 is multilane (4-lane) of very good design (1.5 m hard shoulders
and 3 m central verge) and its capacity is 40000 PCU per day as per IRC specification
(IRC64-1990). Considering total material transport from Samridhii crop chemicals i.e. on
fifteen trucks (10 tonners) /month, the existing highway is adequate to bear the additional
load without any issue.
other will be considered by MoEF/CPCB for
examination.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 175
CHAPTER 5. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
This chapter describes the administrative aspects for ensuring that mitigation measures
are implemented and their effectiveness monitored, after approval of the EIA.
Environmental Management Plan provides a logical framework within which identified
environmental impacts are managed. Technical methods to be used to mitigate (prevent,
control and reduce) negative impacts and working practices are described in this Chapter.
5.1. Environment Management Plan (Construction and Operation Phase)
The management of SCCPL is quite conscious of its responsibility for maintaining clean
and a healthy environment. The management is also keen to modify and make more
efficient measures towards suppression of pollution sources. Lot of adequate funds for
pollution control measures are provided as a part of overall project financing to ensure the
availability of proper treatment facilities before the commissioning of the unit. The
proposed Environment Management Plan for the proposed project is summarized in the
below Table 5.1.
Table 5.1 Environment Management Plan
Environment
Elements
Stages and Source Impact Area Management Plan
Air
Environment
Construction Phase:
Construction activity is
limited may cause by
emission of dust such as
the movements of
vehicles, speed, soil
stripping, excavation, back
filling and reinstatement
Within Plant boundary Sprinkling water on
excavated earth/ dusty
materials.
Operational Phase:
Handling and storage of
raw material
Within Plant boundary
Covered/ within
packs/drums/tanks /
closed storages; Dust
/vapours will be
collected/scrubbed
Conveying of the raw
material
Transfer points Dust
extraction/suppression
system shall be
provided.
This Chapter provides mitigation and control measures to attenuate and/or eliminate
environmental impacts, which are likely to be caused by the proposed project. An
Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been developed to mitigate the potential
impacts and to strengthen the beneficial impacts during the construction and operation phase.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 176
Truck/ vehicles
Movements
Within Plant boundary Pucca roads/ water
spray
Process emission
Boiler; Thermo Fluid
Heater& DG Stack
within study area Adequate stack height
and green belt
development
Process stack Within study area Adequate stack
attached with scrubbers
and green belt
development
Noise
Environment
During Construction
Phase:
Movement of heavy
equipment’s
Within Project
Boundary
Regular maintenance
of the construction
equipment’s.
Provision of protective
devices like ear
muff/plugs to the
workers.
During Operation Phase:
Increase in ambient Noise
level from equipment’s,
pump, DG sets and
compressors. However
incremental level is
insignificant due to
provision of acoustic
enclosures for noise
generation sources.
Within Plant Boundary Provision of rubber
padding/ noise
isolators.
Provision of silencers to
modulate the noise
generated by machines
Provision of protective
devices like ear
muff/plugs to the
employee &workers.
Greenbelt development
in and around the plant
periphery
Water
Environment
During Construction
Phase:
Water will be needed
mainly for construction and
domestic purpose i.e. for
drinking and sanitation
Within Project
Boundary
Domestic waste water
will be disposed off
through septic tank or
soak pits.
During Operation Phase:
Generation of high TDS
and High COD effluent.
Zero Discharge
Within Plant Boundary
Proposed ETP &
recycled back system to
the process --- will
achieve ZLD.
Domestic waste water
will treated in proposed
STP.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 177
Land
Environment
During Construction
Phase:
Soil Excavation
Within project
boundary
Top soil generated from
various activities like
excavation etc. will be
stored and preserved to
use in greenbelt
development.
During Operation Phase:
Solid waste disposal and
Hazardous waste
generation storage.
Within plant boundary Hazardous waste shall
be disposed off as per
HWM rules 2016.
Periodic monitoring
shall be carried out.
Zero liquid discharge
will be maintained.
In order to effectively manage the environmental management (including social
management) of the project, following management plans are required.
1. Creation of Environmental Management Department
2. Institutionalized Management Structure
3. Green Belt Development
4. CSR Management
5. Budget for Environmental Management Plan
5.2. Fly ash Management plan
Project is having small boiler using Briquette which will generate very small quqntity of
ash.Utilization of ash produced by Boiler as a thrust area of its activities and all possible
actions will be taken to enhance level of ash utilization. In the proposed boilers, various
avenues for ash utilization will be explored as delineated in the above sections. In
particular, supply of road building or low area dumping.
The ash will be utilized in various construction materials to the maximum extent and 100%
utilization will be achieved. All efforts will be made for maximum utilization of ash. Samridhi
is committed to explore possibilities for ash utilization considering new technologies and
avenues and try to achieve the target fixed by MoEF in this regard. Samridhi is committed
to comply with the Fly Ash Utilization Notification, 1999 and as amended thereof.
5.3. Rain Water Harvesting Plan
Samridhi realizes the importance of rainwater harvesting however it will be prudent that
rain water harvesting is not taken up in the plant area. This is because if some hazardous
dust (in spite of all possible precautions) gets mixed with rainwater and enter the ground
water and the ground water will get contaminated. If required SCCPL may do rain water
harvesting at alternate place with due approval from authorities.
5.4. Environment Management Cell (EMC)
The organizational structure of Environment Management Cell (EMC) responsible for
routine environmental management and monitoring measures, implementing the EMP and
complying with the conditions stipulated by SPCB and MOEF is shown in Figure 5.1.
The Head of EMC shall directly report to the top management of the Plant. The Head of
Safety and Health shall also directly report to the top management of the Plant. In case
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 178
the HOD notes any non-compliance or violation of environmental, safety or health law/
regulations, the same shall be brought to the notice of the Production In Charge (during
the weekly review meeting). In case the non-compliance or violation is of manageable
nature, Production In Charge will issue instruction and sanction budget and resources to
rectify the same. Otherwise Production In Charge will obtain financial approval from the
Board of Directors (Top Management) and then address the problem. In any case all
matters of non-compliance and violations shall be brought to the notice of the Top
Management / Board of Directors, action taken report shall be submitted on regular basis,
till the problem is rectified.
Figure 5.1 Structure of Environmental Management Department
Functions of EMC: Head of the EMC shall form a Consultative Working Group by
involving responsible citizens from the surrounding community and develop action plans
to address any grievances of the public related to environmental performance of the project
and develop targets for addressing the grievances. The Cell shall thoroughly study each
activities and suggest additional mitigation measures (if required) for improvement of
environmental performance and discuss them in monthly meetings with the departmental
HOD for implementation. The EMC shall co-ordinate all related activities such as safety,
workers health, and health of surrounding community and prepare statistical records.
• Regular monitoring of fugitive emissions and report any abnormalities for immediate corrective measures.
• Regular monitoring of ambient air quality within the plant and around the plant.
• Regular monitoring of wastewater quality, water quality of the storage ponds, ground water quality and surface water quality.
• Regular noise monitoring of the work zone and surrounding area.
• Green belt plantation, maintenance, development of other forms of greenery like lawns, nursery, gardens, etc. in the plant premises.
• Regular monitoring of the used oil and sell it out to the authorized recycler approved by the Central Pollution Control Board / SPCB.
FACTORY MANAGER
MANAGER (EHS)
Asst. Manager
(Housekeeping, Horticulture and
landscaping)
Asst. Manager
(Health)
Asst. Manager
(Safety)
Lab Assistants
(Environ. Sampling and Monitoring work)
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 179
In addition to above the environment management Cell shall conduct environmental audit
every year.
5.5. Institutional Arrangement
SCCPL shall ensure following action items to be complied with throughout the life cycle of
the project:
• Formulate Environmental Health & Safety Policy
• Document the organization structure, roles and responsibilities for implementation and for functioning of Environmental Management System (EMS) and Safety Management System (SMS) Procedures.
• Develop standard operating process and procedures to bring into focus any infringement / deviation / violation of the environment or forest norms/conditions.
• Carry out regular inspections, monitoring and auditing;
• Carry out periodical review and issuing amendments;
• Reporting and communication (including internal and external reporting);
• Documentation and record keeping;
An effective system of management is a key technique for ensuring that all pollution
prevention and control techniques, monitoring plan & mitigation measures are delivered
reliably and on an integrated basis. SCCPL shall operate a formal Environmental
Management System for the proposed project. SCCPL shall document the Standard
Operating Procedures to bring in any deviation / violation of the environmental norms as
prescribed. The SOP shall address the system of reporting of non-compliances / violations
of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the Company including all
shareholders and stakeholders. The salient features of Environmental Management
System (EMS) are listed below:
• Effective operational and maintenance systems shall be employed on all aspects of
the process whose failure could impact on the environment:
• Documented procedures to control operations that may have an adverse impact on the
environment
• Define procedure for identifying, reviewing and prioritizing items of plant for which a
preventative maintenance regime is appropriate
• Documented procedure for monitoring impacts
• Preventative maintenance program, whose failure could lead to impact on the
environment
• The maintenance system includes auditing of performance against requirements
arising from the above and reporting the result of audits to top management.
• The skills and competencies necessary for key posts shall be documented and records
of training needs and training received for these post maintained.
• The potential environmental risks posed by the work of contractors shall be assessed
and instructions provided to contractors about protecting the environment while
working on site.
• Written procedures for handling, investigating, communicating and reporting actual or
potential non-compliance with operating procedures.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 180
• Written procedures for handling, investigating, communicating and reporting
environmental complaints and implementation of appropriate actions.
• Written procedures for investigating incidents, (and near misses) including identifying
suitable corrective action and following up
• The company shall conduct audits, annually, to check that all activities are carried out
in conformity with the above requirements.
• The company shall report and publish annual report on environmental performance,
objectives and targets, and future planned improvements.
• The company shall have demonstrable procedures (eg. written instructions) which
incorporate environmental considerations into the following areas:
o The control of process and engineering change on the installation;
o Design, construction and review of new facilities and other capital projects
o Capital approval; and
o Purchasing policy
The company shall have a clear and logical system for keeping records of policies, roles
and responsibilities, targets, procedures
Training Requirement of Staff: Training systems, covering the following items, shall be
in place for all staff of EC and other staff of various departments, which cover the following:
• Awareness of the regulatory implications of the Environmental Permits for the activity
and their work activities;
• Awareness of all potential environmental effects from operation under normal and
abnormal circumstances.
• Awareness of the need to report deviation from the Permit.
• Prevention of accidental emissions and action to be taken when accidental emissions
occur.
The staff of the EMC will be trained every year by arranging in house training programs by
inviting experts or faculty members from reputed institutes.
Periodical Review: SCCPL will annually review the EMP and identified management
action plans to address any changes in the organization, process or regulatory
requirements.
Documentation and Record Keeping: The EMC will maintain following documents for
effective implementation of the EMP:
• Master management system document;
• Legal Register;
• Operation control procedures;
• Work instructions;
• Incident reports;
• Emergency preparedness and response procedures;
• Training records;
• Monitoring reports;
• Auditing reports; and
• Complaints register and issues attended/closed.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 181
5.6. Resource Conservation/ Waste Minimization
Additional key measures taken for natural resource and energy conservation are as given
below:-
• Used oil will be stored in covered storages / hard flooring to preventanycontamination
in soil / ground water.
• Proper scheduling of preventive maintenance of critical machines will minimize used
oil generation .
• Energy efficient drives / LED lights to be used.
• Reduction of lighting power consumption by optimum use of electrical lights in plants.
• Use of variable frequency drive in plant.
• Enough care will be taken to prevent/minimize energy losses at each stage.
• Zero liquid discharge will be maintained for reduction in fresh water consumption.
Also use of Energy Efficient Lighting, Transformers, HVAC system, Use of Energy Efficient
Motors, electrical appliances to minimize the energy consumption in addition to Process
Planning.
5.7. Facilities for Employees
Company will give preference to local people (Skilled People) for employment. The
Company is more concern for the safety and health of its people, including the larger
community outside of the company and the environment as a whole. All employees will be
trained to work on sites in the safest possible manner and shall be made aware of the
consequences of unsafe act. Company will also provide the shelter, safe drinking water,
sanitation facility. The company will allocate adequate budget for safety and Occupational
health management of the employees.
5.8. Environment Policy
An effective system of management is a key technique for ensuring that all pollution
prevention and control techniques, monitoring plan and mitigation measures are delivered
reliably and on an integrated basis. SCCPL will have a well laid down Corporate
Occupational Health, Safety and Environment Policy approved by its Board of Directors.
✓ To take account of environment concerns in planning and decision making.
✓ Compliance of conditions imposed in Environmental Clearance and all other statutory
clearances issued by the Regulatory Authorities.
✓ To prevent pollution of surrounding habitation by monitoring & measurement of
environmental parameters.
✓ Identification of significant impacts and preparation of environment management system
for implementation.
✓ To reduce waste generation and promote recycling of materials, wherever possible.
✓ Optimum utilization of resources i.e. Electricity, Oil and Water.
✓ To take up development works in surrounding villages as a part of corporate social
responsibility.
✓ To provide appropriate training and disseminate information to enable all employees to
implement best practices and work in partnership to create a culture of continuous
improvement.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 182
✓ The company shall document the Standard Operating Procedures to bring in any
deviation / violation of the environment norms as prescribed.
5.9. EMP for Biological Environment Quality
Ecological base line surveys in the core and buffer zones, reveals no exceptional features
of wildlife interest. The survey based on following criteria.
Table 5.2 : Ecological criteria & Observations
Land use The site is located in notified industrial area develop by UPSIDC. No tree cutting is required. No major vegetation is present within the core zone hence no wildlife Zone exists within the core zone.
No sensitive ecosystem is present within 10 km area of the project site. However, one small Forest patches is present but located more than 5 km away from the project site.
Diversity Species diversity of flora as well as fauna species is restricted to agro ecosystem.
Rarity There is no endemic, rare or threatened species in site as well as in study area. There is no endangered or schedule-I faunal species in the study area except Peafowl (Pavo Cristatus) which is schedule –I species but is of least concern category
Proximity There are no Biosphere Reserve, National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, present within 10 km area of the site
Potential value After developing a wide and dense greenbelt in plant area will increase habitat condition especially for avifauna.
Based on the ecological baseline study following mitigation measures have been
suggested:
Regeneration / restoration of rare plants and animals: No rare plants and wildlife
species exists in the core and buffer zone, There is no endangered species found in the
study area
Improvement of biodiversity: Environment management cell of the project proponent will
look after the day to day environment monitoring requirement and Greenbelt development
in and around the project site.
5.10. Greenery Development Plan
Greenbelt is a set of rows of trees planted in such a way that they form an effective barrier
between the working zone and the surroundings. Out of the total land area available about
4800 m2 of the area will be kept as a green belt. About 33% of the total land area (~1600
M2) has been earmarked under greenbelt and other forms of greenery. Adequate nos. of
trees like Cassia fistula, Dalbergia sissoo, Syzygium cumini, Mangifera indica, Delonix
regia, and Bauhinia variegata to be planted inside the plant. 3-5 m wide greenbelt (as
space available) shall be developed inside the plant premises.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 183
Greenbelt Budget: A capital cost provision of Rs.2.58 Lacks has been kept for
development of greenbelt as given in Table 5.3. The budget includes cost of digging of
pits, fertilizers, saplings and maintenance cost for 5 years.
Table 5.3 The 5-year greenbelt budget
Total area available for Greenbelt 1600 m2 No of trees to be planted 120 (Initially; trees along with herbs and shrubs)
Cost per
plant
Total cost for 1st Year
Plantation
2nd Year recurring cost (assuming 80%
survival of plant)
2nd Year onward
recurring cost
Total 5-year Budget (in Rs)
Purchase cost of the per sapling Rs. 50 6000 1,200 Nil
1st year =60,000 2nd Year =50,400 3rd year=48,000 4th year= 48,000 5th year=48,000
Tree planting cost Rs. 50 6000 1,200 Nil
Watering cost (per year)
Rs. 200 24,000 24,000 24,000
Maintenance cost (per year)
Rs. 100 12,000 12,000 12,000
Manure/pesticides (per year)
Rs. 100 12,000 12,000 12,000
Total expenses - 60,000 50,400 48,000
2,58,000
Species proposed for Greenbelt: As the plant area is very small. As per the lay out greenbelt shall be developed all around the plant premises and thegreen belt (about 3 to 5 m wide) shall be designed in two tier system. In the first few inner rows facing the industry, shrubs and bushy herbs will be planted. Trees will be planted in the outer rows as per width available. Adequate space will be kept between the trees and spacing will depend upon the shape of crown, conical crown will require less inter-spacing than oblong and round crowns. Greenery will be also developed in places available around the industry, surrounding individual units, along roadside
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 184
and around residential habitats. Community plantation will also be undertaken in surrounding areas.
Table 5.4 Recommended Plant Species for Green Belt Development
Sl. No.
(Botanical Name) (Common Name) Family Habit
1 Bauhinia variegata Kachnar Caesalpiniaceae Tree
2 Cassia fistula Krangal Caesalpiniaceae Tree
3 Dalbergia sissoo Tali/Shisham Fabaceae Tree
4 Emblica officinalis Amla Euphorbiaceae Tree
5 Mangifera indica Aam Anacardiaceae Tree
6 Morus serrata Tut Moraceae Tree
7 Syzygium cumini Jamun Myrtaceae Tree
8 Delonix regia Gulmohar Fabaceae Tree
9 Nerium indicum Pili kaner Apocyanaceae Shrub
10 Thevetia peruviana Kaner Apocyanaceae Shrub
Table 5.5 Proposed Environmental Monitoring Program
Discipline Location Parameter Frequency Remarks
Micro -
Meteorology
One Temp.{max.; min.};
Relative humidity;
Rain fall; Wind
speed and
direction.
Daily
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 185
Ambient Air Quality Five HCl, Cl2, SOx;
NOx, CO, HC
Particulate matter
(with pesticide
compounds)
Once in a
month
Parameters as
applicable /as per
products being
manufactured
Boiler Stacks One PM, SOx; NOx, CO Once in a
month
Scrubber Stack All continuous
stacks
HCl SOx; NOx;
Particulate matter
(with pesticide
compounds; As per
stack design)
Once in a
month
Parameters as
applicable /as per
products being
manufactured
Effluents Final Treated
effluents
As per process /
plant requirement
Once in a
month
Parameters as
applicable /as per
products being
manufactured
Sewage Sanitary TSS; BOD Once in a
month
Ground Water
Quality (One
peizometric wells)
One peizometric
wells
Pesticides- etc. [in
association with
SPCB]
Pre-monsoon
& Post-
monsoon
Parameters as
applicable /as per
products being
manufactured
Soil Plant premises As per CPCB
norms
Once in year
Noise Plant area
&periphery
Day & Night time
noise level
Quarterly
Health Check Up All Plant
Personnel
Diseases related to
pesticides
Annually
5.11. Budget for EMP
The overall investment in the project is 500 lacs About Rs. 70 Lacs is proposed for the
environment protection program. Details are as given below:
Table 5.6 : EMP Budget
Capital cost and recurring cost/annum for environmental pollution control measures
S. No. Description of Item Capital Cost Recurring Cost
(In Lacs) (In Lacs)
1 Air Pollution Control/ Noise 50 10
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 186
2 Water Pollution Control 12 3
3 Control of Fire and explosion Hazard,
safety measures 3 1
4 Environmental Monitoring and
Management 2.4 1
5 Green Belt Development 2.6 1
Total 70 16
5.12. Conclusion
Environmental Management plan will be dynamic, flexible and subject to periodic review.
For project where the major environmental impacts are associated, EMP will require
regular review. Senior management responsible for a project should conduct a review of
EMP and its implementation to ensure that the EMP remains effective and appropriate.
CHAPTER 6. RISK ASSESSMENT& DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN
6.1. Introduction
Industrial plants deal with materials, which are generally hazardous in nature by virtue of
their intrinsic chemical properties or their operating temperatures or pressures or a
combination of these. Fire, explosion, toxic release or combinations of these are the
hazards associated with industrial plants using hazardous chemicals. More
comprehensive, systematic and sophisticated methods of Safety Engineering, such as,
Hazard Analysis and Quantitative Risk Assessment have now been developed to improve
upon the integrity, reliability and safety of industrial plants. In this chapter risk assessment
and disaster management is mentioned the cummulative.
The primary emphasis in safety engineering is to reduce risk to human life, property and
environment. Some of the more important methods used to achieve this are:
➢ Quantitative Risk Analysis: Provides a relative measure of the likelihood and
severity of various possible hazardous events by critically examining the plant
process and design.
➢ Work Safety Analysis: The technique discerns whether the plant layout and
operating procedures in practice have any inherent infirmities.
➢ Safety Audit: Takes a careful look at plant operating conditions, work practices
and work environments to detect unsafe conditions.
This Chapter provides the details about the Risk Assessment, Disaster Management Plan
(DMP) and on-site emergency plan as proposed for the proposed project.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 187
Together, these three broad tools attempt to minimize the chances of accidents occurring.
Yet, there always exists, no matter how remote, probability of occurrence of a major
accident. If the accident involves highly hazardous chemicals in sufficiently large
quantities, the consequences may be serious to the plant, to surrounding areas and the
populations residing therein.
6.2. Risk Assessment
A three ‘levels’ risk assessment approach has been adopted for the Samridhi Crop
Chemicals (henceforth SCCPL) for proposed project considering approved TOR. The risk
assessment levels are generally consistent with the practices encountered through various
assignments for medium and large chemical complexes. The brief outline of the three-tier
approach is given below:
➢ Level 1 – Risk Screening
This is top-down review of worst- case potential hazards/risks, aimed primarily at
identifying plant sites or areas within plant, which pose the highest risk. Various screening
factors considered include:
• Inventory of hazardous materials;
• Hazardous Materials properties;
• Storage conditions (e.g. temperature and pressure);
• Location sensitivity (distance to residential areas / populace).
The data / information are obtained from plant. The results provide a relative indication of
the extent of hazards and potential for risk exposure.
➢ Level 2 – Major Risk Survey (Semi - Quantitative)
The survey approach combines the site inspection with established risk assessment
techniques applied both qualitative as well quantitative mode. The primary objective is to
identify and select major risks at a specific location in the plant considering possible soft
spots / weak links during operation / maintenance. Aspects covered in the risk usually
include:
• Process Hazards;
• Process Safety Management Systems;
• Fire Protection and Emergency response equipment and programs.
• Security Vulnerability;
• Impact of hazards consequences (equipment damage, business
interruption, injury, fatalities);
• Qualitative risk identification of scenarios involving hazardous
materials;
• Risk reduction measures.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 188
Selection of critical scenarios and their potential of damage provide means of prioritising
mitigative measures and allocate the resources to the areas with highest risks.
This is the stage of assessment of risks associated with all credible hazards (scenarios)
with potential to cause an undesirable outcome such as human injury, fatality or
destruction of property. The four basic elements include:
i. Hazards identification utilizing formal approach (Level 2, HAZOP etc.);
ii. Frequency Analysis. Based on past safety data (incidents / accidents);
Identifying likely pathway of failures and quantifying the toxic / inflammable
material release;
iii. Hazards analysis to quantify the consequences of various hazards scenarios
(fire, explosion, BLEVE, toxic vapour release etc.).Establish minimum value
for damage (e.g. IDLH, over pressure, radiation flux) to assess the impact
on environment.
iv. Risk Quantification: Quantitative techniques are used considering effect /
impact due to weather data, population data, and frequency of occurrences
and likely hood of ignition / toxic release. Data are analysed considering likely
damage (in terms of injury / fatality, property damage) each scenarios is likely
to cause.
QRA provides a means to determine the relative significance of a number of undesired
events, allowing analyst and the team to focus their risk reduction efforts where they will
be beneficial most.
SCCPL shall manufacture some new technical grade pesticides chemicals. Table2.6
inChapter 2 gives the list of raw materials. Solid raw materials are stored in ware house
while liquid and gaseous raw materials are stored in tank farms and covered area. The list
of bulk liquid storages of raw materials are as given below:
Table 6.1 Liquid/GaseousBulk Storages
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 189
S. No. Raw Material Max.
storage Means of Storage Dimensions/shape
1 HEXANE 05 KL 10 KL, MS storage tank Horizontal cylindrical tank
with flat ends
2 METHANOL 7 KL 10 KL , MS storage tank Horizontal cylindrical tank
with flat ends
3 Toluene 12 KL 15 KL , MS storage tank
Vertical cylindrical tank
with conical top and flat
bottom
4 DMF 4 KL Drums
5 Chlorine ~2 MT 2-Tonners
6.3. Risk Screening Approach
Proposed Plant: Risk screening of proposed project was undertaken through data /
information provided by SCCPL. Data of major / bulk storages of raw materials,
intermediates and other chemicals were collected. MSDS of hazardous chemicals were
studied vis avis their inventories and mode of storage. Plant will be using number of
hazardous chemicals and also producing pesticides chemicals – all hazardous in nature.
The chemicals stored in bulk (liquid or gaseous) and defined under MSHIC Rule will be
considered for detailed analysis.
Hazardous materials have been defined under MSIHC Rules (1989) - 2 (e) which means.
(i) Any chemical which satisfies any of the criteria laid down in Part I of Schedule
I and is listed in Column 2 of Part II of this Schedule;
1.
• Toxic Chemicals: Chemicals having the following values of acute toxicity and which
owing to their physical and chemical properties, are capable of producing major
accident hazards:
S. No Toxicity Oral Toxicity
LD50 (mg/kg)
Dermal
Toxicity
LD50 (mg/kg)
Inhalation
Toxicity
LC50 (mg/l)
Remarks
1 Extremely Toxic >5 < 40 < 0.5
2 Highly Toxic >5 – 50 > 20 – 200 < 0.5 – 2.0
3 Toxic >50 - 200 > 200 - 1000 > 2 – 10
2. Flammable chemicals: (i) Flammable gases; 20 0C and at standard pressure of 101.3 KPa are:
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 190
• Ignitable when in a mixture of 13% or less by volume with air, or;
• Have a flammable range with air of at least 12% points regardless of the lower
flammable limits.
(ii) Extremely flammable liquids: chemicals which have a flash point lower than or
equal to 230C and the boiling point less than 350C;
(iii) Very Highly flammable liquids: chemicals which have a flash point lower than or
equal to 230C and the boiling point higher than 35 0C;
(iv) Highly Flammable Liquid: Chemicals, which have a flash point lower than or equal
to 60 0C but higher than 23 0C.
(v) Flammable liquids: chemicals, which have a flash point higher than 60 0C but lower
than 90 0C.
Explosives: Explosive means a solid or liquid or pyrotechnics substance (or a mixture of
substances) or an article.
a) Which is in itself capable by chemical reaction of producing gas at such a temperature and pressure and at such a speed as to cause damage to surroundings;
b) Which is designed to produce an effect by heat, light, sound, gas or smoke or a combination of these as the result of non-detonative self-sustaining exothermic chemical reaction.
I. any chemical listed in Column 2 of Schedule 2; II. any chemical listed in Column 2 of Schedule 3;
Table 6.2 Hazard Analysis Products
S.
No.
Insecticides /
Formula / [Active
Ingredient (AG) % +
Others%]/ CAS / UN
No
Properties Toxicity Potential
DT- LD50 (mg/kg);
OT- LD50 (mg/kg)
IT-- LC50 (mg/l) [4
hrs
Remarks /
Hazards
1. Glyphosate
Technical
CAS No: 1071-83-6;
Not expected to
produce significant
health effect on
human.
DT-5000 (Rabbit);
OT-5000
IT------7.03 [T]
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 191
White odorless solid (Rats)
2. 2,4-D Sodium Salt
CAS No:2702-72-9
Offwhite soluble
concentrate
Can cause temporary
moderate to severe eye
irritation.
Can cause mild skin
irritation.
Inhalation, short
term: Can cause
coughing and possible
temporary irritation.
Ingestion: Harmful if
swallowed.
DT->5000;
OT-1867;
IT-5.6; [T]
(Rats)
Stable under
normal conditions;
non flammable
3. 2,4-D Acid
C8H6Cl2O3
CAS No:94-75-7
Solid [odour NA]
Slightly hazardous in
case of skin contact
(irritant), of eye contact
(corrosive). Non-
corrosive for skin.
DT-1400;
OT-375 (Rat)
IT------
(Rats
4. 2,4-d Ethyl Ester
Technical
CAS No:1929-73-3
Clear brown liquid with
paint like odour
Moderate eye irritant;
Extremely Hazardous DT->5000;
OT->2000
IT- 0.5 to 1.2 mg/l ;
[ET]
May release toxic
fumes when burnt
FP-60 0C.
5. Metribuzin
CAS NO:99129-21-2
UN No:3077
White Powder with
slight sulphurous
odour; Harmful if
swallowed; Not harmful
in eyes and skin and if
inhaled
DT-20000;
OT-320--510
IT-0.65; [HT]
(Rats
6. Azoxystrobin
C22H17N3O5
CAS No: 131860-33-8
Purple Powder
Can decompose at
high temperature
releasing toxic gases.
DT->5000;
OT->5000;
IT->5.37; [T]
(Rats)
May be harmful
by inhalation,
ingestion, or
skin absorption.
May cause eye
irritation.
May cause skin
irritation.
Not Carcinogen
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 192
7. Pretilachlor
C17H26ClNO2
AG-96 %
CAS No.: 51218-49-6
UN No: 3082
Colourless – Odourless
liquid
DT->3100;
OT-6099
IT- 2.8; [T]
(Rats)
Harmful: may
cause lung
damage if
swallowed.
Irritating to
skin and eyes.
May cause
sensitization by
skin contact.
8. Thiamethoxam
C8H10ClN5O3S
AG-98%
CAS No:153719-23-4
White powder ;
Aromatic Odour and
can explode also
DT-2000;
OT-5000
IT>2.67; [T]
(Rats)
NFPA- H-1;F-1;I-0
Causes mild eye
and skin irritation.
Can decompose
at high
temperatures
forming toxic
gases.
9. Bifenthin
C23H22ClF3O2
AG> 90%
CAS NO:82657-04-3
.
Viscous liquid,
crystalline solid or waxy
solid with a very faint,
slightly sweet odor.
• Slightly combustible.
(FP-1650C) May
support combustion at
elevated temperatures.
Finely dispersed
particles can
form explosive
mixtures in air.
• Thermal
decomposition and
burning may form toxic
by-products.
DT->2000;
OT-53.4
IT- 1.01; [HT]
(Rats)
Effects from
overexposure
result from either
swallowing or
coming into
contact with the
skin. Symptoms of
overexposure
include bleeding
from the nose,
tremors and
convulsions.
Contact with this
product may
occasionally
produce skin
sensations such
as
rashes, numbing,
burning and
tingling..
10. Fipronil Technical
C12H4Cl2F6N4OS
CAS No: 1200068-37-3
6Appearance: white
Eye: May causes
redness, irritation,
tearing.
Skin: Harmful if
DT----- (Rabbit);
OT- > 5000 mg/Kg
(Rat)
IT- 5.16; mg/L (4
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 193
light to yellow powder
Not inflammable
absorbed through skin.
May produce
symptoms similar to
those from
ingestion. May cause
irritation, redness,
swelling.
Ingestion: Harmful if
ingested. May cause
drowsiness, involuntary
shaking, shortness of
breath,
convulsions,
excitement.
hrs.)(Rats) [T]
NFPA- H-1;F-1;R-0
11. Imidacloprid
Technical
C9H10N5O2Cl
AG: 95%
CAS No: 138261-41-3
UN No: 2588
Light brown solid
No specific symptom on
human is shown;
Impact on animals
shows impact through
dermal and oral routes.
Non inflammable
DT->2000 (Rat);
OT- > 2591 (Rat)
IT- 2.65 [T] rat 4h;
Contact with the
skin: Not irritant to
skin
Contact with the
eyes: Not irritant
to eye.
Signs and
Symptoms of
Poisoning:No
account of human
poisoning
was found in the
literature
12. Diafenthiuron
C23H32N2OS
Form: Solid
Color: White powder.
Odor: Odorless
CAS No.: 80060-09-9
May cause
sensitization by skin
contact. Harmful:
Danger of serious
damage to health by
prolonged exposure in
contact with skin and if
swallowed.
DT- >4000;
OT-1950;
IT----- NA
(Rats)
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 194
Table 6.3 Hazard Analysis – Raw Materials
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 195
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 196
S. No Material S. No & Threshold
Quantity (TQ in Kg) as
per MSHIC Rules
Chemicals Hazards Potential Remarks
Sched
ule-1,
Part-II
Sched
ule-2,
Part-I
Sched
ule-3,
Part-I
Hazards Toxic
1. n-Hexane
CAS No:110-54-3
Clear colorless liquids with a petroleum-like
odor. Flash points -9°F
306 --- --- Health
Hazards: Inhalation
causes irritation of
respiratory tract,
cough, mild
depression, cardiac
arrhythmias.
Aspiration causes
severe lung irritation,
coughing, pulmonary
edema; excitement
followed by
depression.
Ingestion causes
nausea, vomiting,.
TEEL-1: 400
ppm
TEEL-2: 3300
ppm
TEEL-3: 8600
ppm
IDLH 1100
ppm
Highly
flammable;
Vapours
may
explode;
2. Methanol
CAS No:67-56-1
UN No:1230
A colorless fairly
volatile liquid with a
faintly sweet
pungent odor like
that of ethyl
alcohol.
377 ---- ---- Health Hazards:
Exposure to
excessive vapor
causes eye irritation,
head- ache, fatigue
and drowsiness.
50,000 ppm will
probably cause
death in 1 to 2 hrs.
Swallowing may
cause death or eye
damage.
ERPG-1: 200
ppm
ERPG-2:
1000 ppm
ERPG-3:
5000 ppm
IDLH: 6000
ppm
Highly
Flammable;
Behavior in
Fire:
Containers
may
explode
3. Toluene
CAS No: 108-88-3
UN No: 1294
A clear colorless
liquid with a
628 ---- ---- Flammability: Ignites
at normal
temperatures; Vapor
is heavier than air
and may travel a
considerable
ERPG-1: 50
ppm
ERPG-2: 300
ppm
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 197
characteristic
aromatic odor.
Flash point 40°F
distance to a source
of ignition and flash
back; Health Hazard
Vapors irritate eyes
and upper respiratory
tract; cause
dizziness, headache,
anesthesia,
respiratory arrest.
Liquid irritates eyes
and causes drying of
skin. If aspirated,
causes coughing,
gagging, distress,
and rapidly
developing
pulmonary edema. If
ingested causes
vomiting, griping,
diarrhea, depressed
respiration.
ERPG-3:
1000 ppm
IDLH: 500
ppm
4. Dimethyl
formamide (DMF)
CAS No:68-12-2
UN No: 2265
A colorless to light
yellowliquid with a
amine like odour
Flash point 136°F.
Slightly less dense
than water
--- --- --- Flammable. Water
soluble.
Fire Hazard Special
Hazards of
Combustion
Products: Vapors are
irritating (USCG,
1999)
Health
HazardIrritation of
eyes, skin and nose.
May cause nausea.
LD 50 (Oral)
2800 mg/kg
(acute) rat;
LD 50
(dermal):
4720 mg/kg
(acute)
rabbit;
LC50: ---
Hazardous
in case of
skin contact
(irritant,
permeator),
of eye
contact
(irritant), of
ingestion,
of
inhalation.
5. Hydrochloric acid (Gas) CAS No: 7647-01-0 UN No: 1789
313 ---- ---- Not Flammable;
Inhalation of fumes
results in coughing
and choking
sensation, and
irritation of nose and
ERPG-1: 3.0
ppm
ERPG-2: 20
ppm
ERPG-3: 150
ppm
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 198
lungs. Liquid causes
burns
IDLH: ----
ppm
6. Ethylene
Dichloride
CAS No: 107-06-2
UN No: 2265
Colourless liquid with chloroform
odour. Flash point 13°C.
271 --- --- Harmful if swallowed.
Irritating to eyes,
respiratory system
and skin. Irritating to
eyes, respiratory
system and skin.
(LD50/ Oral):
Acute: 200-
2000 mg/kg
[Rat].
Dermal:
LD55:
2000 (Rabbit)
VAPOR
(LC50): 5
mg/l 10
hours [Rat].
7. DMC
Dimethyl carbonate [C3H6O3]
CAS No:616-38-6
Flammable Liquid with pleasant odour BP: 91 0C
Hazardous in case of
skin contact (irritant),
of eye contact
(irritant). Slightly
hazardous in case of
skin contact
(permeator), of
ingestion, of
inhalation.
LD50/ Oral):
Acute: 6000
mg/kg
[mouse].
Dermal:
LD55:
5000 (Rabbit)
VAPOR
(LC50): 5
mg/l 10
hours [Rat].
8. Chlorine
CAS No:7782-50-5
UN No:1017
A greenish yellow gas with a pungent suffocating odor. Toxic by inhalation.
119 5
TQ-1:
10MT
TQ-2: 25
MT
108
TQ-1:
10MT
TQ-2: 25
MT
Non Combustible;May
ignite other combustible
materials (wood, paper,
oil, etc.). Mixture with
fuels may cause
explosion. Container may
explode in heat of fire.
Chlorine reacts
explosively with or
supports the burning of
numerous common
materials. Ignites steel at
100°C in the presence of
soot, rust, carbon, or other
ERPG-1: 1.0
ppm
ERPG-2: 3.0
ppm
ERPG-3: 20 ppm
IDLH: 10 ppm
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 199
catalysts. Ignites dry steel
wool at 50°C. Hydrogen
and chlorine mixtures (5-
95%) are exploded by
almost any form of energy
(heat, sunlight, sparks,
etc.). Health Hazards:
Poisonous; may be fatal if
inhaled. Contact may
cause burns to skin and
eyes. Bronchitis or
chronic lung conditions
9. Hydrogen Peroxide (50%)
(H2 O2)
CAS No: 7732-18-5
Colourless / odourless liquid;
BP-108 0C
-- Very hazardous in
case of skin contact
(irritant), of eye
contact (irritant).
Hazardous in case of
skin contact
(corrosive,
permeator), of eye
contact (corrosive),
of ingestion, . Slightly
hazardous in case of
inhalation (lung
sensitizer). Liquid or
spray
mist may produce
tissue damage
particularly on
mucous membranes
of eyes, mouth and
respiratory tract. Skin
contact may
produce burns
ORAL
(LD50):
Acute: 2000
mg/kg
[Mouse].
DERMAL
(LD50):
Acute:
4060 mg/kg
[Rat]. VAPOR
(LC50):
Acute: 2000
mg/m 4 hours
[Rat].
Non
flammable
but fire
hazards in
presence of
combustible
materials;
Explosive in
presence of
open flames
and sparks
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 200
TQ-I: Threshold quantity (for application of rules 4,5,7 to 9 and 13 to 15)TQ-II: Threshold quantity (for application of rules 10 to 12)
3. Note: 1. Oral Toxicity (OT) in LD50 (mg/kg) 2. Dermal Toxicity (DT) in LD50 (mg/kg) 3. Inhalation Toxicity in LC50 (mg/l) [4 hrs.]
SCCPL proposes production of new technical pesticide. All products are hazardous in nature and
limited data are available for these. However hazards potential (for damage) of products and other
materials to plant personnel, environment and off-site area is different for different materials.
Among technical pesticide products only four are liquid. Among the products, one product namely
2,4 D Ethyl Ester is Extremely toxic, two products namely Metribuzin and Bifenthin are” highly
toxic” as per MSIHC rules.Seven products namely Glyphosate, 2,4-d Sodium Salt,
Azoxystrobin, Pretilachlor, Thiamethoxam, Fipronil and Imidacloprid are “toxic” as per MSIHC
rules.
Though SCCPL will be using a number of raw materials however it will be storing nearly six
liquid raw materials (in bulk). No gaswill be stored. The raw materials coming under
hazardous category as specified by MSIHC Rules, 2016 is given in Table 6.3 as above.
All pesticides products are hazardous in nature and many of them are new compounds with
little data available. The products will be produced as per market demand and packed and
stored in saleable packing.
6.4. Hazardous Materials Storage
The solid raw materials will be received in bags or drums and will be stored in chemicals
go-downs. The products (liquid or solid) will be packed in drums and stored in product go-
downs as per market demand. The bulk storages of liquid hazardous materials are given in
the Table 6.1.
The solid materials powder or granules spillage can results in polluting small area only. The
damage to personnel can be through ingress- dermal (if individual come in contact), oral (if
individual food gets infected through fugitive dust) or inhalation (fugitive dust). The main
route is fugitive dust which incovered area will move to short distance only. Some of the
raw materials are though stored in bulk (quantity) but in drums only.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 201
The pesticide product will be both as liquid and solid. The product storage for liquid will be
in drums and ISO containers and for solid in bags depending upon client requirement
The risk is through liquid and gaseousmaterialswhich are volatile/gaseous material (toxic)
and inflammable/explosive materials. The toxic vapours due to spillage of such material
can travel to some distance (as they are stored in covered go-downs) and cause damage.
The liquid products will be packed in drums (Approx 200 litres drums).
6.5. QRA Approach
Identification of hazards and likely scenarios (based on Level-1 and Level-2 activities) calls
for detailed analysis of each scenario for potential of damage, impact area (may vary with
weather conditions / wind direction) and safety system in place. Subsequently each incident
is classified according to relative risk classifications provided in Table below asTable 6.4:
Table 6.4 Risk Classification
Stage Description
High
(> 10-2/yr.)
A failure which could reasonably be expected to occur within the expected life time of the plant.
Examples of high failure likelihood are process leaks or single instrument or valve failures or a human error which could result in releases of hazardous materials.
Moderate
(10-2 --10-
4/yr.)
A failure or sequence of failures which has a low probability of occurrence within the expected lifetime of the plant.
Examples of moderate likelihood are dual instrument or valve failures, combination of instrument failures and human errors, or single failures of small process lines or fittings.
Low
(<10-4)
A failure or series of failures which have a very low probability of occurrence within the expected lifetime of plant.
Examples of ‘low’ likelihood are multiple instruments or valve failures or multiple human errors, or single spontaneous failures of tanks or process vessels.
Minor Incidents
Impact limited to the local area of the event with potent for ‘knock – on- events’
Serious Incident
One that could cause: ❖ Any serious injury or fatality on/off site; ❖ Property damage of $ 1 million offsite or $ 5 million onsite.
Extensive Incident
One that is five or more times worse than a serious incident.
Assigning a relative risk to each scenario provides a means of prioritising associated risk
mitigation measures and planned actions.
6.6. Thermal Hazards
In order to understand the damages produced by various scenarios, it is appropriate to
understand the physiological/physical effects of thermal radiation intensities. The thermal
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 202
radiation due to tank fire usually results in burn on the human body. Furthermore, inanimate
objects like equipment, piping, cables, etc. may also be affected and also need to be
evaluated for damages. Table 6.5, Table 6.6and Table 6.7(below), respectively give
tolerable intensities of various objects and desirable escape time for thermal radiation.
Thermal hazards could be from fires or explosion. Fire releases energy slowly while
explosion release energy very rapidly (typically in micro seconds). Explosion is rapid
expansion of gases resulting in rapidly moving shock wave. Explosion can be confined
(within a vessel or building) or unconfined (due to release of flammable gases).
BLEVE (boiling liquid expanding vapour explosion) occurs if a vessel containing a liquid at
a temperature above its atmospheric boiling point ruptures. The subsequent BLEVE is the
explosive vaporisation of large fraction of its vapour contents; possibly followed by
combustion or explosion of the vaporised cloud if it is combustible range.
Thermal hazards have been considered for various scenarios including:
• Fire in inflammable chemicals storage tanks.
Table 6.5 Effects due to Incident Radiation Intensity
Incident Radiation
kW/m2 Damage Type
0.7 Equivalent to Solar Radiation
1.6 No discomfort on long duration
4.0 Sufficient to cause pain within 20 sec. Blistering of skin (first degree burn are likely).
9.5 Pain threshold reached after 8 sec. Second degree burn after 20 sec.
12.5 Minimum energy required for piloted ignition of wood, melting of plastic tubing etc.
25
Minimum Energy required for piloted ignition of wood, melting, plastic tubing etc.
37.5 Sufficient to cause damage to process equipment.
62.0 Spontaneous ignition of wood.
Table 6.6 Thermal Radiation Impact to Human
Exposure
Duration
Radiation Energy {1%
lethality; kW/m2}
Radiation Energy
for 2nd degree
burns; kW/m2
Radiation Energy
for 1st degree
burns; kW/m2
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 203
10 sec 21.2 16 12.5
30 Sec. 9.3 7.0 4.0
Table 6.7 Tolerable Intensities for Various Objects
Sl. No Objects Tolerable Intensities (kw/m2)
1 Drenched Tank 38
2 Special Buildings (No window, fire proof doors)
25
3 Normal Buildings 14
4 Vegetation 10-12
5 Escape Route 6 (up to 30 sec.)
6 Personnel in Emergencies 3 (up to 30 sec.)
7 Plastic Cables 2
8 Stationary Personnel 1.5
6.7. Damage due to Explosion
The explosion of a dust or gas (either as a deflagration or detonation) results in a reaction
front moving outwards from the ignition source preceded by a shock wave or pressure front.
After the combustible material is consumed the reaction front terminates but the pressure
wave continues its outward movement. Blast damage is based on the determination of the
peak overpressure resulting from the pressure wave impacting on the object or structure.
As a safety measure SCCPL is storing highly hazardous raw materials in isolated places
with full safety measures. Damage estimates based on overpressure are given in Table
6.8below:
Table 6.8 Damage due to Overpressure
Sl. No Overpressure (psig / bar)
Damage
1. 0.04 Loud Noise / sonic boom glass failure
2. 0.15 Typical pressure for glass failure
3. 0.5 - 1 Large and small windows usually shattered
Review (A3), Pre Start-Up Safety Review (A4) & Pre Start-Up Safety audit according to
PPS directive (details mentioned in following flow diagram)
• Every change in the process, procedure, equipment, etc. will be done through robust
management of change (MOC) procedure
• Pre-Start up Safety Reviews for all modification
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 211
• Pressure testing of pipelines and replacement of fragile pipelines and tanks by
prevention project
• Hazardous area classification
• Internal safety rounds for P&PS
• Control P&IDs, and Lock opened (LO)/ Lock closed (LC) procedures are in place
• TOPPS (Top Performance in Process & Plant Safety) training to all employees
• Root Cause Analysis of all incidents
• Pre-Start up Safety Reviews for all modification
Occupational Safety:
• Permit to Work procedure and Monthly monitoring of all filled permit for continual
improvement
• Mobilized Near- Miss Reporting and award scheme
• HSE rounds: PMT (Plant Management Team) of one plant takes HSE round of
another plant. Exchange of best practices among plants
• MSDS Management
• Tool Box talk with contractors
• Central Safety Committee
• Departmental Safety Committees
• HSE Coordinator and Monitor program: Shop floor employees’ participation in Safety
activities
• Celebration of theme based Safety days/ weeks at site
• Safety Induction program for new joiners (both company & contract employees)
Emergency Preparedness:
• On-Site Emergency Plan for the site
• Training on On-Site Emergency Action Plan
• Regular Site level Mock drills and Plant specific Fire Drills and Leak, spill drills
• Availability of First aiders, Fire Fighters and Rescue members in each shift
• Maintenance of Fire hydrant system, sprinkler system and portable fire extinguishers
• Periodic testing of fire hydrant and sprinkler systems
• Fire Tenders and Ambulances kept ready
Occupational Health:
• Pre-employment & Annual Medical Examination
• Quarterly/Periodical Physical Examinations
• Canteen Employees Examination
• Fork lift operators Examination
• Recall services & Follow-Up
• Return to work assessment
• Exit Examination
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 212
• Training on Counselling, Hearing Conservation Program, HazardousChemical
Awareness Program, Shop floor training, First-aid (Adequate numbers of Certified
First Aiders/employees), etc.
• Legal records: All medical records of employees to be maintained.
• Emergency Medical services: Ambulance services, First-aid boxes, Decontamination
facility etc.
Health Promotional Activities: Awareness on Medical issues, Ergonomics awareness
programs, Stress management, De-addiction program, etc.
❖ Decontamination facility is provided
❖ Breathing air provision is provided at toxic chemical handling area.
Safety System for Toxic Material Handling
Following precaution Taken while handling Toxic materials
❖ Highly Toxic chemical is stored in storage room with lock and key.
❖ Inventory records are maintained.
❖ Toxic material is stored in well ventilation and out of sunlight
❖ It is stored away from incompatible chemicals.
❖ Keeping containers tightly & securely closed when not in use
❖ Toxic chemical charging is done inside the closed room in presence of shift in-
charge.
❖ Local Ventilation system is provided to avoid exposure at work place.
❖ Vent gas is passing through scrubber system for absorption & reduction of pollution.
Standby pump provision is available for scrubber system. Training to employees is
providing for manual handling of toxic chemicals.
❖ First aid training also provided to concern employees.
❖ Antitoxic kit is maintaining inside OHC.
❖ Safety PPE’s is providing during charging.
❖ First aid kit provision is available at work place area.
Eye wash/Safety shower stations are readily available nearby and are tested regularly
To avoid fire and explosion nitrogen blanketing, earthing& bonding, electrical flame proof
equipment’s, pressure rated equipment’ are provided.
Suitable fire extinguisher and spill cleanup equipment are maintained.
Dyke provision is available where liquid toxic chemicals are stored.
❖ Appropriate spill control equipment and procedures is available.
MSDS is maintained inside the concern plant / department.
❖ Precautionary placard is displayed nearby the work place.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 213
❖ Toxic chemicals sign board is displayed on container.
❖ Avoiding any welding, cutting, soldering or other hot work on an empty container of
toxic chemicals.
❖ Good housekeeping is maintaining.
❖ Toxic gas detector also provided at workplace.
❖ Toxic chemical waste is collecting in separate pit and transferring to ETP for its
treatment.
❖ Always ensuring that the waste container used is compatible with the waste material
❖ Ensuring that the waste container is properly and accurately labelled.
❖ Unauthorized person entry is restricted.
❖ Restricted for eating, drinking & smoking at work place.
❖ Employees are trained for emergency of toxic chemicals.
❖ Toxic chemical spill, leak drills are conducting for awareness, preparedness &
response during an emergency.
❖ Work place area monitoring is to be carried out for ensuring exposure at workplace.
❖ Process is performed in closed conditions.
❖ Regular pressure testing for pipelines and equipment to ensure tightness
WORKPLACE MONITORING PLAN
Work zone monitoring is carried out by HSE department every month for gaseous pollutants
and dusts. Records are to be kept in standard Form as per Factories Rules. Location for
samplings shall be identified. Samples are analyzed for Air borne concentration of
hazardous chemicals in ppm.
The analyzed results are compared with the threshold limit values (TLV) of international
organizations. The monitoring program is based on the Action level Concentration (ALC)
which is 50% of the TLV. If the analyzed concentration is < ALC, no regular monitoring is
required, only occasional checks (once in a year) to ensure the acceptability of the system.
If the analyzed concentration is > ALC < TLV then the monitoring is carried out at regular
interval (once in two months). Incase analyzed concentration is > TLV then corrective
actions are decided by Plant Manager, General Manager - works and Engineering Manager
and they are implemented. After implementation again monitoring is carried out.
The sampling for gaseous pollutants and air pollutants are done by Air sampling pump.
Arrangement for ensuring health and safety of workers engaged in handling of toxic
materials
All persons working in manufacturing units are surveyed by regular medical examinations.
Pre-employment Medical examination to be carried out for all employees prior to
employment at well-known multispecialty hospital.
Checkups & tests carried out as per Factory rules / SPCB guidelines.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 214
6.19. Safety Recommendations
6.20. Commonly Recommended Control Measures
A number of preventive control measures for hazardous occurrences have been analysed
and discussed above. Some more salient points are enumerated below:
• All storage tanks in the tank farm should be dyked. Other operation and maintenance features shall be based on established best safety practices.
• Concentration detectors for hazardous chemical vapours (e.g. Pesticides/Toluene/methanol and other chemicals etc.) fire Smoke / heat detectors and fire alarm should be installed at all strategic locations in the plant.
• A schedule for preventive maintenance including health survey of all plant equipment should be adhered to as far as possible.
• Ensure the absence of ignition sources in storage area.
• Ensure placement of firefighting facilities, such as, carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder and foam type fire extinguishers in addition to fire hydrant system, at strategic locations. Spill control measures, such as, removal of all ignition sources from the spill area and ventilating the area as well as soaking the spilled material with paper, towel or mud and letting the volatile substance evaporate slowly in a safe area.
• Compulsory use of protective clothing, non-sparking tools and warning signs during critical operations and maintenance.
• Training / refresher courses on safety information’s / norms.
• Eyewash and showers should be put up at strategic places for use during emergencies.
A group of plant personnel should be trained in first aid, rescue, firefighting and emergency
control measures. These personnel will form core group/emergency squad who will fight
the emergency and also act as rescue and first aid team.
In order to ensure communication from isolated places/locations Walkie-Talkie be made
available to persons working in these areas. This will considerably improve the
effectiveness of emergency management.
There is no substitute for training-mock drills and these must be held at regular interval
keeping the following objectives in mind:
Real time mock-drill should be carried out for probable/likely hazardous situation (after the
plant is successfully commissioned).
Target to be set up for various tasks and events during an emergency.
Weak links should be marked and corrective action taken to improve effectiveness during
emergency.
6.21. Occupational Health and Safety
Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) are of prime importance more so in hazardous
industries. Industries have various types of hazards and QRA is carried out to understand
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 215
the hazards potential from various incidents. Pre-emptive steps can be planned to
safeguards from likely causes. Some of the
Frequent causes of accidents
• Fire and explosion: explosives, flammable material
• Hazards from Toxic Materials
• Mechanical Hazards such as:
Being struck by falling objects
Caught in between machine parts
Snapping of cables, ropes, chains, slings
Handling heavy objects
• Electricity Hazards
o Electrocution o Short circuits and consequential fire. o Poor illumination etc.
• Other Hazards:
Falls from height inside industrial units or on the ground
Struck by moving objects;Slipping on wet surfaces
Sharp objects
Oxygen deficiency in confined spaces; Lack of personal protective equipment (PPE),
housekeeping practices, safety signs
• Consequential hazards due to extreme Temperatures;
• Consequential hazards due to vibration
• Consequential hazards due to radiation;
• Many more hazards.
Hazardous substances and wastes
• Heavy and toxic metals
• Lack of hazard communication (storage, labeling, material safety data sheets)
• Many of the hazards are as result of working environment.
•
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 216
• Long working hours, shift work, night work, temporary employment (Long working hours, shift work, night work, temporary employment,Mental stress, human relations) which results in less attention at work place and consequential incidents and accidents.
• Lack of education and training / awareness is another prime cause of accidents.
Considering above, QRA analysis and also the nature of activities at SCCPL the following
steps for OHS activities have been suggested:
• Employee’s health check-up:pre-employment and periodic check-up during employment. The health check-up observations should be informed to employees.
• The health should include any impact due to hazards at work place including (but not limited to) due to noise, heat, illumination, dust, any other chemicals, metals being suspected in environment and going into body of workers either through inhalation, ingestion or through skin absorption and steps taken to avoid musculo-skeletal disorders (MSD), backache, pain in minor and major joints, fatigue etc.
• Training and refresher courses on safety to all employees.
• Employees should be made aware of the hazards in the plant and the preventive actions to be safe from such hazards.
Response to Injuries:Based on a survey of possible injuries, a procedure for response to
injuries or exposure to hazardous substances should be established. All staff should have
minimum training to such response and the procedure ought to include the following:
• Immediate first aid, such as eye splashing, cleansing of wounds and skin, and
Bandage etc.
• Immediate reporting to a responsible designated person
• If possible, retention of the item and details of its source for identification of
possible hazards.
• Medical surveillance
• Recording of the incident
• Investigation, determination and implementation of remedial action
6.22. Emergency Management Plan
SCCPL should develop an Emergency Management Plan (EMP) and regularly carry out
Mock drills to check the effectiveness of the EMP. A sample EMP is attached. SCCPL
should develop the EMP taking guidance from the Sample EMP and plant detailed hazard
analysis/ Plant management set up etc.
6.23. Many of the hazards are as result of working environment
Repetitive strain injuries, awkward postures, repetitive and monotonous work, excessive
workload
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 217
Long working hours, shift work, night work, temporary employment (Long working hours,
shift work, night work, temporary employment, Mental stress, human relations) which
results in less attention at work place and consequential incidents and accidents.
Lack of education and training / awareness is another prime cause of accidents.
Considering above, QRA analysis and also the nature of activities at SCCPL the following
steps for OHS activities have been suggested:
Employee’s health check-up: pre-employment and periodic check-up during employment.
The health check-up observations should be informed to employees.
The health should include any impact due to hazards at work place including (but not limited
to) due to noise, heat, illumination, dust, any other chemicals, metals being suspected in
environment and going into body of workers either through inhalation, ingestion or through
skin absorption and steps taken to avoid musculo-skeletal disorders (MSD), backache, pain
in minor and major joints, fatigue etc.
Training and refresher courses on safety to all employees.
Employees should be made aware of the hazards in the plant and the preventive actions to
be safe from such hazards.
Response to injuries: Based on a survey of possible injuries, a procedure for response to
injuries or exposure to hazardous substances should be established. All staff should have
minimum training to such response and the procedure ought to include the following:
o ̇Immediate first aid, such as eye splashing, cleansing of wounds and skin, and Bandage etc.
o Immediate reporting to a responsible designated person o If possible, retention of the item and details of its source for identification of possible
hazards. o Medical surveillance o Recording of the incident
o Investigation, determination and implementation of remedial action
6.24. Key Process Safety Measures
• Flameproof equipment’s and fittings are provided for handling of hazardous chemicals.
• Tanks and all pump motors are earthed.
• Road tanker earthing lines have been provided near the unloading pumps.
• Dykes have been provided for hazardous chemicals storage to contain leakages.
Floors of the dyke area have impervious finish.
• Housekeeping of the plant is as per prescribed norms. Floors, platforms, staircases,
passages are kept free of any obstruction.
• All hazardous operations are explained to the workers. They are periodically trained
on the hazardous processes.
• Dedicated supply of firewater is available in the plant.
• Only authorized persons are allowed inside the plant.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 218
• All instrument and safety devices are checked and calibrated during installation. They
are also calibrated, checked at a frequent interval. Calibration records are maintained.
• All electrical equipment’s are installed as per prescribed standards.
• All the equipment’s of the plant are periodically tested as per standard and results are
documented. All equipment’s undergo preventive maintenance schedule.
• Hydrant system is pressured with a Jockey Pump.
• Flame arrestor is provided on each tank.
• Pressure gauge is provided on each tank.
In addition to fire hydrant system, nos. of fire extinguishers is also installed at different
locations within premises.
Retention basin is provided to collect the contaminated water used during firefighting.
6.25. Transportation:
o Class A petroleum products (equivalent raw materials) will be received through road tanker and stored in underground storage tank as per petroleum Act & Rules.
o Road tanker unloading procedure will be in place and will be implemented for safe unloading of road tanker.
o Static earthing provision will be made for tanker unloading. o Earthed Flexible Steel hose will be used for solvent unloading from the road tanker. o Fixed pipelines with pumps will be provided for solvent transfer up to Day
tanks/reactors. o Double mechanical seal type pumps will be installed. o NRV provision will be made on all pump discharge line.
Table 6.11 Transportation, Unloading and Handling safety Measures
Sr.no. Activity Type of possible
Hazard
Mitigation measures
1 Transportation of
Chemicals like,
Acids&Solventsby
road tanker
Leakage& Spillage
Fire,& explosion,
• Check the source of leakage point.
• Do not touch damaged containers or
spilled material unless wearing
appropriate protective clothing.
• Stop leak if you can do it without risk.
• Use water spray to reduce vapors; do
not put water directly on leak, spill area
or inside container.
• Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil,
etc.) away from spilled material.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 219
Toxic release
• Isolate the area
• Isolate the container
• Training will be provided to driver and
cleaner regarding the safe driving,
hazard of Flammable chemicals,
emergency handling.
• TREM card will be kept with TL.
• Fire extinguishers will be kept with TL.
• Flame arrestor will be provided to TL
exhaust.
• Instructions will be given not to stop
road tanker in populated area.
• Clear Hazard Identification symbol and
emergency telephone number will be
displayed as per HAZCHEM CODE.
• Appropriate PPEs will be kept with TL.
2 Solvents transfer
from storage tank
to Day tank.
Leakage& Spillage
due to Line rupture,
Flange Gasket failure,
Fire, Explosion, Toxic
release.
• Double mechanical seal type FLP type
pump will be provided.
• Double on / off switch will provided at
tank farm and process area near day
tank. Pump auto cut off with day tank
high level will be provided.
• Flame arrestor will be provided on day
tank vent.
• Over flow will be provided for additional
safety and it will be connected to main
storage tank.
• NRV will be provided on pump
discharge line.
• Double Jumper clip will be provided to
all solvent handling pipeline.
Double static earthing will be provided to
day tank.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 220
3 Transportation of
Chemicals
transfer from Day
tank to reactor.
Leakage, Spillage due
to Line rupture, Flange
Gasket failure, Fire,
Explosion, Toxic
release.
• Gravity transfer.
• Total quantity of day tank material will
be charged in to reactor at a time.
• Static earthing will be provided to
storage tank.
• Double Jumpers will be provided to
pipeline flanges.
6.26. Emergency facilities
Emergency Management Planning (EMP) should be developed considering the likely
hazards in the plant and sincerely implemented. Mock drills for various scenarios should be
carried out and results of the drills should be recorded. Weal links in the mock drills should
be strengthened.
6.27. Objectives
The Emergency Management Plan (EMP) is developed to make the best possible use of
the resources available at SCCPL and the nearby agencies to provide help/assistance in
case of an emergency in the plant. The activities will include:
• Rescue the victims and give them the necessary medical attention in the
shortest possible time.
• Safeguard other person (evacuate them to a safer place).
• Contain the incident and control it with minimum damage to human and life
and property.
• Provide necessary information to families/relatives of affected persons,
outside agencies including media and statutory bodies.
6.28. Emergency Management Plan [EMP]
An outline of EMP organizational set-up necessary for chain of commands during
emergency situation in the plant is as given below.SCCPL should develop EMP in the
organisation and send it statutory authorities for approval and integration in District Disaster
Management Plan. A sample EMP is enclosed for reference.
President (Operations) of the SCCPL is the Chief Emergency Coordinator and he shall be
the main guiding person directing the emergency operations. He shall be assisted by:
Chief Site Coordinator. In-charge (Production)
Coordinate and direct all the activities from
Emergency site.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 221
In absence of In-charge (Prod.), Manager (Prod. I/II) will act as Chief Site Coordinator.
Chief Maintenance Coordinator Manager-Maintenance
Coordinate all the maintenance activities from the
Emergency Control Center.
In absence of Manager (Maint.), Asst. Manager will
act as Chief maintenance Coordinator.
Chief Service Coordinator Manager (HR)
Coordinate with local administration take care of
transport, medical,canteen arrangements, and
evacuation of people if required.
In absence of Manager (HR), Asst. Manager (P&A)
will act as Chief Service Coordinator.
Chief Material Coordinator Manager (Commercial)
In absence of Manager (Commercial), Asst.
Manager (Commercial) will act as commercial
Coordinator.
Operation Coordinator Manager (Prod.) is the Incident
Controller for Vehicle Control & Security
Personnel Security Officer
In absence of Security Officer,Security Supervisor will act for Vehicle Control & Security Personnel deployment.
Fire & Safety Controller In-charge (F&S)
In absence of In-charge (F&S), Supervisor. (F & S)
will act as Fire & Safety Controller and also for first
aid.
Two “Assembly Points” will be identified (based on wind direction and away from hazardous
areas) and duly marked.
Chief Service Coordinator shall contact the following senior officers stationed at
Bulandsahar.
Format for Telephone Numbers of the Authorities:
Table
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 222
6.29. Responsibilities & Role of Key Personnel
6.30. Over all In-charge –President (Operation)
On getting the information about emergency from In-Charge (Prod.) rush to incident site/.
Assess the overall situation and provide guidance in critical decision-making.
6.31. Chief Site Coordinator- Manager (Prod.)
• On getting the information about emergency from Supervisor Plant, inform over all In-
charge Plant (Operation).
• Rush to the emergency site to assess the situation and decide to:
o Declare emergency based on amount/extent of hazards and water/air analysis
(toxic / flammable material release) and advise Incharge (F&S) for sounding
emergency siren.
o Review if plant shutting down is required to contain / control the hazard.
o Review, evacuation from affected areas and sending the affected person to a
safe place.
o Advise Incident Controller and other key personnel to take necessary action.
o He will interact with Chief Service Coordinator and advise him on possible
effects on areas inside and outside the factory to initiate Off- Site Emergency
Response Plan.
o Remain in touch with Overall in-charge (P -O) and inform about the situation &
actions being taken and seek his advice for the critical decisions.
• Preservation of evidence as far as possible without affecting the operation of
emergency procedures to facilitate any subsequent inquiries into the causes and
circumstances, which led to the emergency.
6.36. Shift In charge (Concerned Plant):
• Immediately proceed to the site of emergency and assess the situation:
• Emergency Control Room at 101/123 (with name and location of emergency)
• During odd hours/till arrival of Fire shift I/C should act as chief fire coordinator.
• Initiate the shutting down operations for controlling the hazard if unavoidable.
• Cordon off the area and do not allow any body to enter the affected area without
respiratory protection (In case of toxic gas leakage).
• Direct rescue operations with the help of fire and safety staff.
• Open safety Almirah for the use of plant personnel.
• Have regard to the need for preserving evidence that could facilitate subsequent
inquiry.
• Advise Supervisor of the plant to take roll call and account for missing personnel.
• Hand over charge of the operation to the Manager when he arrives at site.
• Ensure service agencies like Electrical, mechanical, instrumentation are mobilized to
handle the emergencies.
6.37. Security Officer Vehicle Control and Security Personnel Deployment at the Locations
• Rush to the spot of emergency on getting information from Security Officer on duty and
inform Manager (HR) about emergency.
• Arrange one emergency vehicle immediately for ECC.
• Keep in touch with Chief Service Coordinator, Chief Site Coordinator and In charge
(F&S).
• He will act as a special rescue Coordinator at the time of evacuation of employees and
others if required.
• Alerts complete staff under his control and make it available at a known point, as per
the guidance of Chief Site Coordinator / Chief Service Coordinator.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 225
• Anticipate and arrange vehicles required at emergency site in consultation with
Incharge (F&S) and Chief Site Coordinator and Chief Service Coordinator.
• On request send vehicles for getting plant personnel / fire personnel required for
emergency.
• Arrange vehicle in consultation with Medical Coordinator / Chief Service Coordinator
for shifting injured to city hospital.
• During emergency arrange for opening of relevant gates/ barriers foreasy movement of
vehicles. Security Guards should be posted on these gates / barriers to prevent
unauthorized entry.
• Arrange transport and temporary shelters for evacuated personnel and inform the
relatives of the affected personnel if required.
6.38. Fire & Safety Controller- Incharge (F&S)
• Rush to the spot of emergency after getting information from ECC and inform to
Supervisor. (F&S).
• Direct rescue operations under the guidance of Chief Site Coordinator/ Incident
controller if required
• Ask additional help from C.S.O. for cordoning off the area and advise fire personnel for
rescue / fire fighting if required
• Arrange to provide water curtains, water monitors, at affected locations if required.
• Organize and supervise fire-fighting operations if called or.
• Provide necessary respiratory equipment to plant personnel for emergency use.
• Advise Chief Site Coordinator to arrange additional help Mutual aid group /
neighbouring industries if required.
• Give safety precautions to the personnel at rescue work.
6.39. Fire Control Room In-Charge
On receiving emergency message from the Incharge(F&S)/ on hearing siren. Rush to ECC
and take charge of Fire Control Centre from the fire operator / fire supervisor.
• Assess the situation and Call fire staff from fire barrack.
• Immediately rush fire crew to emergency spot.
• Inform Medical Centre for sending ambulance to emergency site.
6.40. Fire Supervisor should also ensure the following:
o Supervisor to look for the wind direction and cordon off the area.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 226
o Use water monitors/hydrants/water curtains in consultation with incident/Chief site
controller.
o Provide respiratory equipment’s to the plant personnel.
o In case of toxic spillage at site, put foam (HAZMAT)/ sand on the spillage area.
o Remain in touch with Incharge(F&S).
o Chief Site Co-coordinator will instruct Fire Control Room In-charge for operation of
“All Clear Siren” when the disaster is contained / controlled.
o However, regular testing of siren & emergency buzzer plant control rooms for 2
minutes on every Monday at 13.00 hrs is being done .All clear siren will sound for
2 minutes with a continuous sound.
6.41. Post Emergency Recovery
The post-emergency procedures discussed briefly below are designed to successfully
manage the damage / losses of an emergency event. The focus of these procedures is to
move the plant back into normal operating mode as quickly and efficiently as possible.
Immediately after the “ALL CLEAR” an emergency meeting will be held in emergency
control centre to assess the loss both for men & materials, where in following will be present
with attendance records, details of injured, out side situation and preparation of press
release (if felt necessary)
• Overall In charge
• Chief Site Coordinator
• Chief Maintenance Coordinator
• Chief Service Coordinator
• Incident Controller
• Material Coordinator
• Security
• Fire & Safety Controller
6.42. Accident Investigation
a. As soon as possible after the emergency is over and plant operation has become normal, the investigation and analysis is to be carried out to determine the cause of the event.
b. Representatives from various discplines will be members of the investigation and analysis team.
c. The areas of the events are to be sealed off so that tempering or alterations of the physical evidence are not likely to occur.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 227
d. Key components are to be photographed and logged with time, place, direction etc.
e. Statements are to be taken from those who were involved with the operation or who witnessed the event.
6.43. Damage Assessment
This phase of recovery establishes the quantum of replacement machinery considered
necessary for bringing back plant to normal operation; property and personnel losses
accounted and culminates in a list of necessary repair, replacement and construction work.
Insurance companies will be informed of the damage and requested to pay the
compensation as per claim.
6.44. Clean-up and Restoration
This phase will only begin once the investigation is complete. Reporting documentations
are to be prepared and forwarded to appropriate authorities. Repair, clean up and
restoration work to begin.
6.45. Conclusion & Recommendations
The hazard analysis and risk assessment incident scenario indicates that incidents mostly
are not limited to plant ba`ttery limits but covers surrounding area also. There are
possibilities of domino effect and the secondary scenario not predictable can be worse than
the primary one. The scenarios (specifically toxic hazards scenarios) are crossing the plant
boundaries. The direction of impact will be in down wind direction (wind direction and speed
varies with season).
Some of the recommendations for Tank farm storage system are as given below:
• Provision of flame detectors/ thermal sensors at strategic locations in
the tank farm area.
• Auto water deluge system on each bulk storage tank for inflammable
liquids. The system should automatically start taking signal from flame
detectors or thermal relay.
• Fixed foam system with adequate capacity.
Human Factors: Company is having well equipped fire station and also safety department
– safety practices. Human factors role in safety cannot be ignored. Odd hours working and
over / long hours work can drain out individual. It shows in lack of efficiency and also the
lack of paper attention the modern which chemical complex demand. They are to be closely
looked into and avoided.
‘Safety’ has unique features:
If no accident has happened so far probability of incident / accident occurring increases.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 228
‘No accident’ / good safety record develops complacency inertia/ over confidence in the
team. This attitude gives rise to gaps / soft spots in the system giving chances to incidents
/ accidents.
Safety requires novelty. Routine training practices get stale with no positive results. Look
for novel scheme of training/ safety practices to build up fresh impetus in safety.
Involvement of employees with refreshed outlook for safety is to be achieved.
SCCPL will strength their safety system by introducing SOP’s, work instruction followed by
mock drill with proper intervals, fire escape routes will be marked with all fire extinguishers
putting in place with proper trained fire team. It is proposing to install fire hydrant system
also as the storage and handling of flammable material will increase.
Above all it is attitude and practice which always help in handling the incident/ accident
occurs at any where especially regular, fire drills and induction training program at plant
before starting the day helps in avoiding the risk. It is also going to made mandatory to use
PPE at site. Company has policy to acheive zero accident rewards system for employs to
motivate and maintain safe environment.
The hazard potential of chemicals and estimation of consequences in case of their
accidental release during storage, transportation and handling has been identified and risk
assessment has been carried out to quantify the extent of damage and suggest
recommendations for safety improvement for the proposed facilities. Risk mitigation
measures based on MCA analysis and engineering judgments are incorporated in order to
improve overall system safety and mitigate the effects of major accidents.
An effective Disaster Management Plan (DMP) to mitigate the risks involved has been
prepared. This plan defines the responsibilities and resources available to respond to the
different types of emergencies envisaged. Training exercises will be held to ensure that all
personnel are familiar with their responsibilities and that communication links are
functioning effectively.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 229
CHAPTER 7. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
7.1. Prelude
The present study was aimed at identifying the potential environmental impacts due to the
various project activities, assessment of impact, mitigation measures, and at developing an
environmental management and monitoring plans for proper mitigation of any adverse
environmental impact. In this study, the various activities likely to take place during the
construction and operation phases of the project have been analyzed in relation to the
baseline condition of different environmental components. The mitigation measures
proposed for the construction and operation stages have been proposed and the potential
residual impacts discussed. The key points considered in this study are described in the
following sections:
7.2. Regulatory Compliance
The project is yet at its technical investigation stage. Prior to its implementation, it will be
necessary to acquire all the necessary clearance from the Government of India, as per the
applicable national regulations. Key clearances include obtaining No Objection Certificate
from the Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board (UPPCB) under The Water (Prevention and
Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and Rules, 1975; The Air (Prevention and Control of
Pollution) Act, 1981 and Rules, 1982. In addition to that Hazardous Waste (Management,
Handling and Trans-boundary Movement) Rules, 2016, Bio Medical Waste (Management
& Handling) Rules, 1998 and amendments thereafter, Municipal Solid Waste (Management
& Handling) Rules, 2000 and amendments thereafter will also be applicable to the industry.
7.3. Baseline Conditions
The monitoring of the existing environmental conditions of the proposed project site and of
its close vicinity have been established with respect to physical, biological and human
environment.
The air quality of the area meets the prescribed National Ambient Air Quality Standards
applicable for the Residential & Rural Areas. The background noise levels were also found
well within the standards as at present most of the area is not developed.
No biological and metallic contamination has been found in any of the ground water sample
of the study area. Overall the parameters in ground water sample were well within the
permissible limit of Indian Standard IS: 10500-2012. No metallic and bacterial
contamination was found in the ground water samples
This chapter concludes on the findings that emerged from the environmental assessment study and summarizes the key points to be addressed to ensure the environmental
sustainability of the project during the construction and operation phases.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 230
7.4. Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures
The project entails various impacts on the study area, some negative and some positive.
There is going to no adverse impact on water quality or water demand due to proposed
project. Rather overall fresh water demand will get reduced from the present level due to
treated effluent recycle.
The impact (incremental GLC) due to the new stacks were computed and all pollutants post
project GLC will be well within NAAQ norms.
There will be no adverse impact on land or noise level due to proposed project.
SCC has taken adequate measures for EHS aspects for the proposed project. In addition
recommendations have been made to further strengthen the EHS measures, energy
conservation and other EMP aspects.
7.5. Project Benefits
▪ Proposed project will result in considerable growth of stimulating the industrial and
commercial activities in the area. Small and medium scale industries may be further
developed as a consequence.
▪ The project will be beneficial in govt’s target of increase the production capacity and yield
in the field of agriculture.
▪ Increased revenue to the state by way of royalty, taxes and duties;
▪ Overall Growth of the neighboring area viz.: ° Agriculture and animal husbandry. Health
and family welfare; Watershed development; Sustainable livelihood and strengthening of
village Self Help Groups; and Infrastructure development.
▪ In operation phase, the proposed plant would require significant workforce of non-
technical and technical persons.
▪ Migration of persons with better education and professional experience will result in
increase of population and literacy in the surrounding villages.
▪ Civic amenities will be substantial after the commencement of project activities. The basic
requirement of the community needs will be strengthened by extending healthcare,
educational facilities to the community, building/strengthening of existing roads in the area.
▪ The local population will be given preference to employment on the basis of their eligibility
and company requirement. The employment potential will ameliorate economic conditions
of these families directly and provide employment to many other families indirectly who
are involved in business and service oriented activities. The employment of local people
in primary and secondary sectors of project shall upgrade the prosperity of the region. This
in-turn will improve the socio-economic conditions of the area.
▪ Around 50 people will be deployed temporarily during construction of the project and
Around 50 people will be employed during operational stage of the project (direct).
7.6. Conclusion and Recommendations
Based on the environmental impact assessment conducted, the following
recommendations are made:
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 231
▪ Since regulations are fast changing in India, the project proponent must keep himself or
herself updated with respect to applicable laws and take appropriate actions in case the
provisions in some regulations undergo change.
▪ The impacts envisaged due to construction activities will be for short limited period. Impact
due to operational activities, systems of periodic auditing and reporting shall be adopted
during the operation period to ensure that the system adheres to the EMP.
▪ The project proponent and its team of consultants and contractors are urged to develop a
strategy for effective communication with local people. The construction team/ developer
should effectively follow the suggestions made in the EMP and/ or any other environmental
measures so as not to damage the environment of the project area.
▪ CSR activities should be further strengthened.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 232
CHAPTER 8. DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS
Declaration by Experts Contributing to the EIA/EMP REPORT of Manufacturing Unit of new
Technical Pesticide at HD-20, 21,22 & HE 27, 28, 29, 30 UPSIDC Industrial area, Sikanddrabad,
District Bulandshahr, Uttar Pradesh by M/s Samradhi Crop Chemicals Pvt Ltd.
I, hereby, certify that I was a part of the EIA team in the following capacity that developed the
above EIA.
EIA Coordinator:
Signature:
Name: P.K Srivastava
Period of Involvement: September 2015 to finalization of report
Contact Information: 011-30003200
Functional Area Experts :
Functional Areas
Name of the
Expert
Involvement (Period and Task**)
June 2015 to finalization of report
Signature
Air Pollution Monitoring & Control (AP)
Y.Bordia
• Micro Meteorology and air pollution monitoring planning also quality check.
• Impact assessment, mitigation & environmental management plan preparation.
Air Quality Modeling and
Prediction (AQ)
Sanjeev Sharma
• Analysis of collected baseline data
• Processing of micrometeorological data for using in model.
• Analysis of predicted impact due to the modelling result.
Water Pollution
(WP) Y.Bordia
• Water Quality monitoring network designing.
• Sampling of water samples (surface and ground water).
• Monitoring of water quality.
• Water Balance
• Identification & assessment of quantum of water pollution and its Mitigation measures.
• ETP Suggestion.
Noise and Vibration
Sanjeev Sharma
• Analysis of collected baseline data
• Processing of data for modelling purposed.
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 233
Functional Areas
Name of the
Expert
Involvement (Period and Task**)
June 2015 to finalization of report
Signature
• Analysis of predicted impact due to the modelling result.
Ecology and Bio-diversity Conservation
(EB)
Ratnesh Kotiyal
• Conducted Ecological survey & preparation of status report.
• Application of taxonomy in resource inventory (Flora & Fauna)
• List of species animals and plants report.
• Identification & assessment of ecological impact due to proposed project and its Mitigation measures.
Solid and Hazardous
Waste Management
(SHW)
Y.Bordia
• Identification of hazardous and non-hazardous wastes.
• Reuse and recycling of solid wastes.
• Handling and disposal of Non- Hazardous solid waste & Hazardous waste.
Socio-Economics
(SE)
Mr. Anil Kumar
• Baseline socio economic survey(Interviews, Questionnaires, focused group discussion)
• Evaluation of Socio economic development status of the area.
• Enterprise social commitment provisions.
Risk and Hazards
(RH)
P K Srivastava
• Identification of hazards due to proposed project.
• Identification of hazardous substances in the proposed project.
• Preparation of risk assessment report and onsite emergency plan.
Land Use Mr. Anil Kumar
• Site visit, contribution to Baseline environment and contribution to EIA documentation (April-15 to Till Now))
FAE Assisted during the preparation of EIA report : Om Prakash: AP, WP,AQ ; Shweta : SHW , NV ; Pratibha(FAA): AQ, WP, Manoj Sharma: SE
Document No. SCCPL/EIA/01 Issue No. 01 R 01 234
Declaration by the Head of the Accredited Consultant Organization/authorized person:
I, S.K.Jain, hereby confirm that the above-mentioned experts the EIA/EMP report for Manufacturing Unit of new Technical Pesticide at HD-20, 21,22 & HE 27, 28, 29, 30 UPSIDC Industrial area, Sikanddrabad, District Bulandshahr, Uttar Pradesh by M/s Samradhi Crop Chemicals Pvt Ltd. I also confirm that the consultant organization shall be fully accountable for any mis-leading information mentioned in this statement.
Signature
Name S.K.Jain
Designation: Director, Technical
Name of the EIA Consultant organization EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
NABET Certificate No. and date NABET/EIA/1619/SA070, 23rd May, 2019