EPT 221 DETAIL DESIGN. Objectives of this Lecture Describe the detail design phase Describe various drawing types and it application Describe different.

EPT 221

DETAIL DESIGN

Objectives of this Lecture

• Describe the detail design phase

• Describe various drawing types and it application

• Describe different types of written documentation

• Explain product documentation and management

Detail Design Phase

Product Realization Team

Sales and Marketing Responsibilities

Product WarrantyShippingWarehousingAdvertising campaignProduct literature Owner’s manual (layout, printing)Product launch

• Industrial Design Responsibilities

Product trim detailsFinish detailsErgonomic refinements Product packaging

• Design Engineering Responsibilities

Detail design performance analysesPreproduction prototype performance tests Manufacturing process specificationsOwner manual(s) (technical:operation/maint)Layout drawingDetail drawingsAssembly drawingsBills of materials Engineering change noticesPatents, trademarks, copyrights

• Industrial Engineering Responsibilities

Materials & Product flow Facility layout/remodelingMaterial handling equipmentInventory warehousingAssembly planning (machines & workers)

• Manufacturing Engineering Responsibilities

Fixture design / fabricationTool design / fabricationProcess equipment refurbishment/adaptationProcess equipment acquisition / installationProcess planning

• Purchasing Responsibilities

Vendor qualification, selection, negotiationOut-sourcing parts or subassembliesRaw materials Materials planning Quality control (raw materials, sourced parts)Make or buy (shared)

• Production Responsibilities

Tooling changeover (assist)Acceptance testing (QC, SPC)Worker trainingWorkforce scheduling

Communicating Design and Manufacturing Information

•Graphic Documents:- Drawings - Illustrations

•Written Documents•Oral Presentations

Graphics Documents: Drawings

• Production drawings/ working drawings include: - Detail Drawings Orthographic projection views (front, side, or top) of a part showing its

geometric features drawn to scale along with full dimensions, tolerances, manufacturing-process notes, and title block.

Do not have a bill of materials.

- Assembly Drawings Shows the components that make up a product or subassembly. Balloon notes are used to identify each part and cross-reference it to the

bill of materials on the drawing. Sectioned assembly drawings cut away a portion of the assembly to

expose or illustrate the details of an interior portion of the assembly. No dimensions are shown. Bill of materials (BOM) is a table of part information organized with

column headings for: part number, part name, material, quantity used in assembly, etc.

Detail Drawing ExampleTitle

block

ManufacturingProcess notes

Dimensions

Assembly Drawing Example

Balloon annotations

Exploded view

Bill of Materials:Item numberQuantityPart numberMaterial

Graphics Documents: Illustrations • Charts:

Portray relationships among numerical dataE.g. sales versus time

• Schematics:Diagrams of electrical or mechanical systems using abstract symbols.E.g. a piping schematic or electronic schematic.

• Figures:Diagrams that illustrate textual material.

• Sketches:Hand-drawn preliminary, or rough, ‘drawings’ drawn without the use of drawing instruments.

• Diagrams: Drawings intended to explain how something works or the relationship between the parts.E.g. free-body diagrams to analyze static-equilibrium forces and moments.

Written Documents

Letters:• Brief communications, usually less than a page in length,

sent to a few selected individuals on a specific topic with which the readers are somewhat familiar.

• Email ‘letters’ – informal in format and usually very brief.

Memoranda: • Longer (three to nine) pages, sent to a broader

audience, cover more topics and in greater depth than a letter.

• Often transmitted via the internet as attachments to a transmittal letter. (transmittal letter – a cover letter that introduces an accompanying report or memorandum.

Test Reports:• Technical reports detailing engineering or scientific tests on materials, prototypes,

and/or products. • A few to a couple of hundred pages in length. • Usual contents: test objectives, test procedures, data/results, summary, and

recommendations.

Project Progress Reports: • Communicate project status regarding the workscope, schedule, and budget. • Brief (3-5 pages) but can be in the hundreds for a large-budget project. • Prepared weekly, monthly, quarterly, and/ or annually.

Design-Project Report: • Usually prepared at the conclusion of a design project.• Summarizes the work tasks undertaken and discusses the recommended design in

detail.• Usually includes: the nature of the design problem, design formulation, concept

design, configuration design, parametric design, prototype testing, & detail-design description and performance.

Research Reports:• Some sections are similar to Test Reports but a longer in length, and broader

coverage (has additional sections: abstract, background, literature review, laboratory/ test program description, bibliography.

Owner’s Manuals:• Include sections on: setting up or installing the product, how to

operate, maintain and repair the product.• Vary in length ( one page for a simple products, hundreds of pages

for complex products, thousand pages for complex facilities.

Engineering-Change Notice (ECN):• Brief descriptions of changes made to a product. • Detailed on company-approved form.• Distributed to the relevant departments for further action.

Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights:• To protect drawings, illustrations, textual descriptions, etc

intellectual property (investments and assets of a company)

Oral Presentations

• Presentation characteristics:i. Time ii. Topic iii. Temperament – formal @ informal

• Preparing a presentation: Step 1: Plan Step 2: Outline Step 3: Compose Step 4: Rehearse Step 5: Refine

• Plan

Decide on:who our audience will be,

what we wish to communicate, why we are giving the presentation,

and how long it should be.

• Outline

Prepare a draft outline of the topics. If a group presentation, we need to agree upon responsibilities. Estimate the time to be devoted to each topic. Break up longer topics into smaller chunks.Combine or eliminate incidental topics. Discuss the draft outline with your co-workers. Confirm the draft outline with your immediate supervisor.

• Compose

Use the outline to compose 3x5 (or 5x7) note cardsWrite clear and concise statements for major ideas and facts. Number each card in succession.Compose clear overhead slides/PowerPoint slides, use font > 20 ptPrepare videos using CAD animations or camcorder moviesPrepare posters, 35 mm slides, or working models, or demos.

• Rehearse

Practice saying the note card phrases.Give our draft presentation to some friendly coworkers. Rehearse using the intended room and audio visual aids.Video tape and critically evaluate our delivery and visual aids.

• Refine

Revise or re-write our note cardsEliminate confusing visual aids.Refine our visual aids.Revise presentation room layout or equipment

Guidelines for Giving a Presentation 1. Make our listeners physically

comfortable. Seating, lighting, room temperature, noise level and ventilation.

2. Expect & accept that we will be somewhat nervous. Convert nervousness to enthusiasm.

3. Take a deep breath and relax before beginning.

4. Start on time, stick to presentation schedule, and finish on time. Do not go over!

5. Pronounce clearly, sufficient volume, relaxed pace.

6. Vary the pitch or tone of our voice occasionally.

7. Add enthusiasm to our delivery.

8. Use visual aids judiciously (sparingly).

9. Use appropriate gestures and avoid annoying mannerisms.

10. Make frequent eye contact with our audience.

11. Use a pointer when appropriate.

12. Relax and “enjoy the ride.”

Product Documentation and Management

• Product Data Management (PDM) systems – special computer software packages written to help manage product-development information.

• Management of product information includes the initial approval and filing, or archiving and subsequent revisions of original ‘master’ documents.

• Importance of proper document control/management: To avoid out-of-date, incomplete, or incorrect drawings being

reproduced and distributed To avoid documents being sent to the wrong individuals To avoid loss or destruction of very important information To avoid distribution of proprietary information to competitors.