05/11/2013 1 1 Core network and Core network and transmission study transmission study Sami TABBANE ITU ASP COE Training on “Wireless Broadband” 5-8 November 2013 – Nadi (Fiji Islands) Session 7 2 CONTENTS CONTENTS I. Introduction II. Evolved Packet Core III. Core network Dimensioning IV. Summary
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05/11/2013
1
1
Core network and Core network and
transmission studytransmission study
Sami TABBANE
ITU ASP COE Training on
“Wireless Broadband”
5-8 November 2013 – Nadi (Fiji Islands)
Session 7
2
CONTENTSCONTENTS
I. Introduction
II. Evolved Packet Core
III. Core network Dimensioning
IV. Summary
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CONTENTSCONTENTS
I. Introduction
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� LTE Commercialization
• 351 Operators in 104 Countries are investing in LTE
• 105 LTE Commercial LTE Networks Launched in 48 Countries
IntroductionIntroduction
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� LTE: Fast Market Growth
• 100 LTE Commercial Launches within 3 years of the first launch
• WCDMA took longer than 4 year for 100 commercial launches
• 100M LTE Subscribers within 3.3 year expected
IntroductionIntroduction
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� World evolution of mobile data traffic
IntroductionIntroduction
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IntroductionIntroduction
� 3GPP technologies are based on CDMA and OFDMA technologies
• WCDMA and HDPA are based on CDMA
• LTE is based on OFDMA
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IntroductionIntroduction
� Provide low latency
� Higher network throughput
� Increased data transfer speed
� More cost effectiveness
� Improvements over 3G network
Advantages
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CONTENTSCONTENTS
II. Evolved Packet Core
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Evolved Evolved Packet Core Packet Core
� 3GPP Core Network Evolution
� 3GPP Network has evolved from 4 tier architecture to 3 tier architecture
2G /3G
LTE
CDMA/EV-DO
GSM/GPRS
EDGE
UMTS
HSPA IP channel
Voice
channels
eNodeB
BSC/RNC
Packet swirched
core data
Circuit swirched
core voice
BTS
NodeB
PTSN
Other
Mobile
networks
Internet
VPN
Transport (backhaul and backbone)
Evolved packet core
(all–IP)
eNodeB
IP channel
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Evolved Packet Core Evolved Packet Core
eNodeB
IP channel
MME PCRFS-GW P-GW
Service delivery platforms
IP communications
(VoiP, video)
• Messaging SMS/MMS
• Internet, Web 2.0
Advanced location based services
• Mobile Tv, IP mULimedia
• Mobile office
Evolved core network
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� Radical changes in the network
� End of circuit-switched voice:
• LTE uses a new paradigm for voice traffic — VoIP.
� Evolved wireless broadband
� Mobility as a part of the core network:
• In LTE, all mobility management is moved into the mobile
core and becomes the responsibility of the MME.
Evolved Packet Core Evolved Packet Core
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� End-to-end QoS becomes essential:
• LTE must provide superior end-to-end QoS management and
enforcement in order to deliver new media-rich, low-latency and
real-time services.
� Policy management and enforcement:• Service control is provided via the Policy and Charging Rules
Function (PCRF)
• PCRF dynamically controls and manages all data sessions and
provides appropriate interfaces towards charging and billing
systems.
• LTE requires significantly more capacity in both the data plane and
control plane.
� Radical changes in the network
Evolved Packet Core Evolved Packet Core
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SGWSGW P-GWP-GW
HSS
PCRFPCRFS1-C
S11
S5/S8
S6a
S7 (Gx)
S1-U
eNode B
� 4G (LTE) architecture
MMEMME
2G2G
3G3G
RNCRNC SGSNSGSNSAE GW
eNode B
X2
Evolved Packet Core Evolved Packet Core
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� The EPC is realized through four new elements:
• Serving Gateway (SG-W)
• Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway (P-GW)
• Mobility Management Entity (MME)
• Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF)
� SGW, PGW and MME are introduced in 3GPP Release 8,
� PCRF was introduced in 3GPP Release 7
Evolved Packet Core Evolved Packet Core
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� SGW is the termination point of the packet data network interface towards
E-UTRAN.
Evolved Packet Core Evolved Packet Core
eNodeB
IP channel
MME PCRFS-GW P-GW
Evolved core network
Serving Gateway (S-GW)
Manage user-plane mobility � acts as an interface between the RAN and
core networks.
Maintains data paths between eNodeBs and the PDN Gateway (PGW).
eNodeB
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Evolved Packet Core Evolved Packet Core
The termination point of the packet data interface towards the Packet Data Network(s).
the PDN GW supports:
• Policy enforcement features
• Packet filtering (for example, deep packet inspection for application type detection)
• Charging support (for example, per-URL charging)
In LTE, data plane traffic is carried over virtual connections called service data flows
(SDFs).
One or more SDFs are aggregated and carried over one bearer.
� Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway (P-GW)
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• It performs the signaling and control functions to manage the User
Equipment (UE) access to network connections, the assignment of network
resources, and the management of the mobility states to support tracking,
paging, roaming and handovers
The MME supports:
• Security procedures: End-user authentication as well as initiation and
negotiation of ciphering and integrity protection algorithms.
• Terminal-to-network session handling
• Idle terminal location management
Evolved Packet Core Evolved Packet Core
� Mobility Management Entity (MME)
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• A concatenation of Policy Decision Function (PDF) and Charging Rules Function
(CRF)
• A control plane element that is not strictly speaking, an EPC element, but is
required to give dynamic control over bandwidth, charging, and network usage
� Policy and Charging Enforcement Function (PCEF):
supports service data flow detection, policy
enforcement and flow-based charging.� Application Function (AF):
supports applications that require
dynamic policy and/or charging
control.
� shows how PCRF interfaces with other EPC elements..
Evolved Packet Core Evolved Packet Core
� Policy and charging rules function (PCRF)
AF
PCRF
SGW PGW
Online
charging
Offline
charging
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EPC deployment model
Evolved Packet Core Evolved Packet Core
Deployment architecture Centralised Function Distributed Function