Enzymes & Your Body By Malinda Pires. Enzymes are Catalyst Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. Animation Menu Enzymes are catalyst to over 4000 biochemical.

Enzymes & Your Body

By Malinda Pires

Enzymes are Catalyst

• Enzymes speed up chemical reactions.•Animation Menu•Enzymes are catalyst to over 4000 biochemical reactions!

Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:GLO1_Homo_sapiens_small_fast.gif

Activation Energy

Enzymes work by lowering the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Activation_energy.svg


Enzymes are Reusable

• Enzymes are reusable molecules found in living things.

• Animation Menu

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:GLO1_Homo_sapiens_small_fast.gif


Classifying Enzymes• There are 4 major categories of macromolecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, &

nucleic acids

• Most enzymes belong to the class of proteins.• However, there are a few catalytic RNA molecules.

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.QuickTime™ and a

TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.


are needed to see this picture.


1 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Glucose-2D-skeletal.png 2 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Phospholipids_aqueous_solution_structures.svg 3 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mouse-cholera-antibody-1f4x.png 4 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Benzopyrene_DNA_adduct_1JDG.png

Naming Enzymes

• Take the name of the substrate the enzyme works on and add the suffix -ase

• Example: Lactose Lactase




http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lactase.jpg

Enzyme Form and Function

• Lock & key Model: The shape of an enzyme allows it to do a specific job much like a lock and key.

• Specificity - Animation Menu


QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wardedlock.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Llave_bronce.jpg

Induced Fit Model• Enzymes can form to the shape of its

substrate.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Induced_fit_diagram.svg


Denaturing Enzymes

• When an enzyme is denatured it is damaged.

• Denaturing changes the shape.

• Without the correct shape enzymes won’t function properly.

• HOW are enzymes denatured?– Temperature Animation Menu

– pH


Enzyme Inhibitors

• Chemicals that prevent the enzyme from working.• Inhibitors decrease the enzyme reaction rate.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Competitive_inhibition.svg

Enzyme Activators• Chemicals that help the enzyme work.• Activators increase the enzyme reaction rate.


X

Activator

SubstrateBindingSite

ActiveSite

Enzymes are used all over your body!


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Digestive_system_diagram_en.svg

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Major_digestive_enzymes.png/750px-Major_digestive_enzymes.png


Enzymes & Your Body By Malinda Pires. Enzymes are Catalyst Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. Animation Menu Enzymes are catalyst to over 4000 biochemical.

Documents

reusable enzymes

catalyst enzymes

denaturing enzymes

naming enzymes

animation menu enzymes

animation menu http

enzyme work

enzyme form