Environmental Monitoring Report This report has been submitted to ADB by the Economic Reconstruction Agency, Government of Jammu and Kashmir, and is made publicly available in accordance with ADB’s public communications policy (2011). It does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB. This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Project Number: 41116-023 May 2016 Period: July 2015 – December 2015 IND: Jammu and Kashmir Urban Sector Development Investment Pogram Submitted by Economic Reconstruction Agency, Government of Jammu and Kashmir
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Environmental Monitoring Report
This report has been submitted to ADB by the Economic Reconstruction Agency, Government of Jammu and Kashmir, and is made publicly available in accordance with ADB’s public communications policy (2011). It does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB.
This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.
Project Number: 41116-023 May 2016 Period: July 2015 – December 2015
IND: Jammu and Kashmir Urban Sector Development Investment Pogram
Submitted by
Economic Reconstruction Agency, Government of Jammu and Kashmir
Semi-Annual Environmental Monitoring Report
Loan Number: 2331 IND
Period: July 2015 to December 2015
IND: Jammu and Kashmir Urban Sector Development
Investment Program
Submitted By:
Economic Reconstruction Agency, Government of Jammu and Kashmir
1.6 Any other information useful for assessing environmental performance of the project.
Public consultation and grievance redressal:
6. Public consultation has evolved as a useful tool in addressing the issues and rectification of the same wherever possible. The public consultation is the ongoing and continuous process, which is conducted on regular basis in Jammu and Srinagar subprojects under execution, with local residents to ensure that they are fully engaged in the project and have the opportunity to participate in its implementation. Formal consultations as well as adhoc regular discussions with the local residents both form part of the public consultation process.
7. Communication with the local residents is always open and views of the residents are taken into consideration during planning of the work programs under JKUSDIP so that the people suffer least disturbance and inconvenience as the work is executed.
8. Various issues were discussed during formal consultation which includes:-
a) Removal of surplus and waste material b) Restoration of damaged water supply connection c) Restoration of roads and lanes d) Inconvenience with regard to access disruption
e) Dust and noise problems faced during execution of work f) Use of proper barricading to ensure the safety of public and workers.
9. Mitigation measures discussed during formal consultation includes:
i. Clearing passageways and roads of surplus waste material on priority ii. Speedy restoration of all the utilities iii. Simultaneous road restorations after execution of work iv. Provision of alternate access routes till restoration is achieved v. Using appropriate dust suppression measures and proper noise/air monitoring.
Frequent water sprinkling and removal of left over soil arising due to the excavation activities.
vi. Barricading of the site under construction to ensure safety of pedestrians etc
Details of the participants, consulted during the Public consultation and related photographs are appended at Appendix -1 and Appendix- 2 respectively.
3. COMPLIANCE STATUS WITH THE ENVIRONMENTAL COVENANTS AS STIPULATED IN THE LOAN AGREEMENT
12. Table 2: The status of compliance with environmental loan covenants is summarized below;
Loan covenants Compliance status
A. The State and ERA shall ensure that:
The project is carried out and all project facilities are designed, constructed, operated, maintained and monitored in compliance with the environmental laws and regulations of the borrower, State, ADB’s environment policy and EARF.
Being complied with.
Subprojects encroaching any national park or its buffer zone shall not be included in the project.
No subproject is encroaching upon any national park or its buffer zone.
Each PMU shall prepare an IEE or EIA report as required, including an EMP, with adequate public consultation for each Subproject, in accordance with the EARF and submit it to ADB for review and approval before award of any contract. The EIA or IEE for “B sensitive” subprojects shall be subject to the 120 day requirement of public disclosure.
The IEE reports for all sub projects were prepared in accordance with EARF and submitted to ADB. Except construction of Sanitary landfill sites at Srinagar, no other subproject is so far categorized as ‘B sensitive’.
B. Each PIU shall ensure that:
All mitigation measures identified in the IEEs/ EIAs and the EMPs, prepared for the subprojects, as applicable, are incorporated in subproject designs, and are carried out during their construction, O&M, and are disclosed to stakeholders.
Being complied with
If there are any changes in specific locations or alignments of any infrastructure or project facilities after completion of the process of IEE/EIA or any new information is made available during detailed design and or implementation that has an impact on the environmental assessment process, then additional environmental assessment shall be carried out by ERA and the ERA shall take prior approval of ADB before further physical implementation of the subproject.
In case of any changes in specific location or alignments of infrastructure or project facilities after the process of IEE, additional environmental assessment shall be done and a process similar to IEE, acceptable to ADB, shall be undertaken.
All environmental clearances required by all laws, acts, and regulations at national, state and local levels are obtained in a timely manner and prior to commencement of civil works for the relevant subproject.
All required clearances have been obtained.
The ERA shall submit to ADB semi-annual progress reports on the implementation of the EMPs, and measures under the IEE/EIA, for review and disclosure in accordance with ADB’s Public Communications Policy
Semi-annual reports are prepared and submitted to ADB as per the guidelines.
Appropriate budgetary allocation is provided to PMUs to fulfill their responsibilities for implementation of mitigation measures and monitoring requirements as outlined in the IEEs/ EIAs and the EMPs. ERA shall design and conduct training programs for environment specialists and project staff.
Environmental monitoring and mitigation costs allocated/ incorporated in contract agreements/ bidding documents. ERA has conducted environmental training programs for project staff.
1. Construction of Approach Road to Achan Landfill Site at Srinagar. URBAN/SGR/SWM/02
Subproject Completed.
2. Procurement of Works at Sanitary Landfill Site (Cell-1) Achan Srinagar. (JKUSDIP/SWM/01)
Yes Yes Subproject completed
3 Procurement of works of construction of sanitary Landfill Cell-2 and Leachate Treatment Plant at existing LFS at Achan, Srinagar (JKUSDIP/SWM/03)
Yes Yes Satisfactory
4. Providing, Laying, Jointing Testing and Commissioning of Raw Water Transmission Main from Harwan Reservoir to Nishat Water Treatment Plant in Srinagar City.(JKUSDIP/SGR/WS/01)
5. Providing, Laying, Jointing, Testing and Commissioning of Sewerage network in Bakshi Nagar and Ranbir Collector Sewer of Division ‘A’ phase-II at Jammu. Package No.: JKUSDIP Jammu / WW – 01
Contract Packages WW-01 and WW-02 Terminated and converted into WW-07 as a single contract project under Tranche-3.
6. Providing, Laying, Jointing, Testing and Commissioning of Sewerage network in Janipur, Shiv Nagar and Shakti Nagar of Division ‘A’ phase-II at Jammu. Package No.: JKUSDIP Jammu / WW – 02
7. Procurement of Sewage Treatment Plant of Capacity 30 MLD based on Aerobic Attached Growth MBBR Technology on Design, Supply, Construction, Installation, Testing & Commissioning, Trial run for 6 months and Operation and Maintenance for 12 Months (Turnkey Basis) at Jammu Package No. : JKUSDIP Jammu / WW – 04.
8. Laying of special sewers network through drain falling in areas of Bakshi Nagar, Shakti Nagar,Shiv Nagar &Janipur in Jammu city. Package No. : JKUSDIP Jammu / WW – 05
Yes Yes Partially Satisfactory For non-compliance of EMP measures certain amount from IPCs of contractors was deducted and the details for the same are mentioned in table-below The contractor is continuously persuaded to strengthen the PPEs for workers and traffic safety measures etc.
Details of amount deducted from the IPC's for Non-compliance towards various components of EMP, in accordance with ERA Circular No.: ERA/CEO/1038/ADM/9629-42, DATED 10/01/2013, during the period July 2015 – December 2015
Table 4a-: Status of amount deducted from the IPC’s for Non –compliance of EMP, Jammu.
S. No.
Contract Package Bill No. Total Recommended
Deductions
Tranche - 1
1. JKUSDIP/Jammu/WW-05 IPC-02 Rs 51,273
5. APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY ENGAGED FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING OF THE PROJECT
14. In Srinagar, construction work on one subproject of Sanitary Landfill Site (Procurement of works
of Cell-2) is under progress whereas, three subprojects (construction of approach road to SLF
site Achan, Procurement of Works at SLF Cell-1 and Raw Water Transmission Main from
Harwan Reservoir to Nishat Water Treatment Plant are completed.
15. In Jammu, two subprojects are under progress and whereas, the two subprojects of Package No.
WW-01 and 02 are terminated and balance work allocated in Tranche-3 under package WW-07.
All contracting firms have nominated and mobilized Environmental Safety Officers for ensuring
EMP implementation at site and reporting thereof for the subprojects under execution. Monthly
environmental reports are being submitted at the end of each month by the Contractors.
16. Site visit/ inspections are being carried out on regular basis to assess the EMP implementation of
the subprojects under execution.
17. The safeguards staff conducts frequent site visits to monitor the implementation of safeguard
measures on sites and report to concerned official about issues/problems related to
environmental non-compliance. Necessary directions in the form of corrective action measures,
in case of non-compliances, are being issued to the contractors on the site and through letters
about the procedures to resolve problems/issues or requirements.
18. Apart from this, regular meetings on environmental issues are being taken by CEO, J&K ERA
and Director Safeguards, J&K ERA with consultants and environmental staff of ERA.
6. MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL RECEPTORS/ ATTRIBUTES
6.1 Monitoring basis:
19. Ambient air quality, water quality and noise levels are being monitored to check if any adverse impact is being caused by the construction activities. The monitoring of these variables is to be carried out in construction areas at sensitive locations within 100m impact zone of the subproject. The monitoring of environmental variables is being carried out as per the agreed Environmental Monitoring Plan (EMP).
1CPHEEO Manual, MoUD, GOI, May 1999; and MoEF, Act and Rules, 1986& Amendments 2000 2National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) 3Standards specified in the schedule of Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 of Government of India.
The Principal Rules were published in the Gazette of India, vide S.O. 123(E), dated 14.2.2000 and subsequently
amended vide S.O. 1046(E), dated 22.11.2000, S.O. 1088(E), dated 11.10.2002, S.O. 1569 (E), dated 19.09.2006 and
S.O. 50 (E) dated 11.01.2010 under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
23. The results of air quality monitoring conducted on various sampling locations (Srinagar and
Jammu) of the subprojects under Tranche-1 are represented below;
24. Table 5: Air Quality Data of Srinagar subprojects under Tranche-1
7Air Quality-Srinagar Subprojects
Site Code
Quarter Month of Sampling with date
Sampling Site/ Location
Site Type RSPM10 (µg/m
3)
RSPM2.5 SO2
(µg/m3)
NO2
(µg/m3)
Permissible Limits/ Standards
100 60 80 80
8Raw Water Pipeline from Harwan Reservoir to Nishat WTP (Defect Liability Monitoring)
Baseline Data
August 08/08/2009
Near Harwan Garden
Residential 48.8 - 3.64 6.95
S-A1a Q3 July 04-07-2015
Near Harwan Garden
Residential 68.70 - 6.45 7.33
Baseline Data
September 05/09/2009
Near Nishat WTP
Residential 49.36 - 1.13 1.85
S-A1b Q3 July 06-07-2015
Near Nishat WTP
Residential 77.34 - 5.43 6.78
Sanitary Landfill Site at Achan (Cell-2) S-A2
9Baseline Data
March 29-03-2012
Inside Landfill Site
Residential 91.81 - 7.01 8.12
Q3 (July-Sep 2015)
July 12-07-2015
Inside Landfill Site
Residential - - - -
August 08-08-2015
Inside landfill Site
Residential 86.57 - 6.57 7.43
September 04-09-2015
Inside Landfill Site
Residential 94.45 - 6.62 8.21
Q4 (Oct-Dec 2015)
October 12-10-2015
Inside Landfill Site
Residential 92.88 26.45 9.56 11.45
November 26-11-2015
Inside Landfill Site
Residential 98.23 43.79 10.40 16.07
S-A3 iBaseline Data
March 22-03-2012
Outside Landfill Site
Residential 66.05 6.07 5.67
Q3 (July-Sep 2015)
July 19-07-2015
Outside Landfill site
Residential - - - -
August 10-08-2015
Outside Landfill Site
Residential 70.92 - 7.67 8.55
September 07-09-2015
Outside Landfill Site
Residential 102.75 - 5.10 7.62
Q4 (Oct-Dec 2015)
October 13-10-2015
Outside Landfill Site
Residential 107.43 29.26 8.90 11.14
November 26-11-2015
Outside Landfill Site
Residential 139.45 70.34 14.16 19.11
December Outside Landfill Site
Residential - - - -
25. The subproject of Nishat-Harwan Water Supply has been completed and as per environmental
monitoring program, defect liability period (DLF) monitoring of S-N1a and S-N1b sites were
conducted in July 2015 to ascertain ambient air quality are inline with NAAQ standards and to
7 Air quality monitoring was not possible for the months of July and December 2015 due to the bad weather &
technical problem with mobile environmental monitoring Lab vehicle. 8 Air quality monitoring for Defect Liability Period conducted in July 2015for Harwan-Nishat Water Supply Subproject. 9 Baseline monitoring of Air quality was carried in the month of March 2012 for Cell-2 (SLF site) which usually
compare with baseline data. DLF result shows all the parameters well within the permissible
standards and close to baseline monitoring. (Baseline monitoring was conducted in March
2009 as such results were low due to wet conditions in the winter period).This is the one of the
positive environmental performance indicator of the subproject in line with implementation of
EMP and due to the sensitive location of the site. Comparative analysis is illustrated in Fig 1 &
2.
Figure 1: Concentration of RSPM (PM10), SO2 and NO2monitored during defect liability period at site S-A1a with NAAQ standards at Nishat, Srinagar.
Figure 2: Concentration of RSPM (PM10), SO2 and NO2defect liability monitoring results at site S-A1a and S-A1b with NAAQ standards at Harwan, Srinagar.
26. During this period, Cell-2 operation (waste dumping) was in progress upto October 2015. The
monitoring results of oxide pollutants (SO2 and NO2) at all sites were well within the
permissible limits as specified in NAAQ Standards. The Q3 and Q4 monitoring at S-A2 for
Respiratory Suspended Particulate Matter (PM10) were within the permissible limits and nearly
inline with Baseline monitoring. The RSPM2.5 monitoring was conducted in October and
November 2015 and the results were well within the standards. However the Q4 monitoring
outside Landfill site at approach road was on higher side attributed to frequent movement of
SMC waste dumpers to SLF site. Whereas, the S-A3 (Inside Landfill site) monitoring results
shows RSPM (PM10) values within the permissible level. However, S-A3 site (Outside Landfill
site near approach road) shows slight increase in RSPM10 mainly attributed to frequent
movement of SMC waste dumpers (Landfill site received average 350+MT of MSW per day).A
68.7
100
48.8
6.45
80
3.64 7.33
80
6.95
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Defect Liability Period Results Prescribed Standard Baseline Data
Fig 1. Air Quality Monitoring Results (Defect Laibility Period): Near Harwan Garden
RSPM µg/ ³
SO µg/ ³
NO µg/ ³
77.34
100
49.36
5.43
80
1.13 6.78
80
1.85
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Defect Liability Period Results Prescribed Standard Baseline Data
Fig 2. Air Quality Monitoring Results (Defect Laibility Period): Near Nishat WTP
30. Table 7: Noise Quality Data of Srinagar Subprojects under Tranche-1
Noise Quality- Srinagar Subprojects
Site Code
Quarter Month of Sampling with date
Sampling Site/ Location
Site Type Day Time Noise Levels dB (A) Leq
Day Time Noise Quality Standards dB (A) Leq
RAW Water Transmission Main from Harwan Reservoir to Nishat WTP, Srinagar (Defect Liability Phase)
Baseline Data August 08-08-2009
Near Harwan Garden
Residential 58.8 55
September 05-09-2009
Near Nishat WTP
Residential 53.9 55
S-N1a10
Q3 July 04-07-2015
Near Harwan Garden
Residential 41.2 55
S-N1b July 06-07-2015
Near Nishat WTP
Residential 42.5 55
Procurement of Works at Landfill Site, Srinagar
S-N2
Baseline Monitoring
March 29-03-2012
Inside Landfill Site
Residential 55.4 55
Q3 (Jul-Sep 2015)
July
Inside Landfill Site
Residential
-
55
August 08-08-2015
Inside Landfill Site
Residential
57.5
55
September 04-09-2015
Inside Landfill Site
Residential
59.4 55
Q4 (Oct-Dec 2015)
October 12-10-2015
Inside Landfill Site
Residential 61.6 55
November 26-11-2015
Inside Landfill Site
Residential 58.1 55
December Inside Landfill Site
Residential - 55
S-N3 Baseline Monitoring
March 22-03-2012
Outside Landfill Site
Residential 58.6 55
Q3 (Jul-Sep 2015)
July
Outside Landfill Site
Residential - 55
August 10-08-2015
Outside Landfill Site
Residential 61.3 55
September 07-09-2015
Outside Landfill Site
Residential 60.7 55
Q4 (Oct-Dec 2015)
October 13-10-2015
Outside Landfill Site
Residential 62.7 55
November Outside Landfill Site
Residential - 55
December Outside Landfill Site
Residential - 55
31. Since the subproject of Nishat-Harwan Water Supply is completed and as per environmental monitoring program, defect liability period (DLF) monitoring at S-N1a and S-N1b was conducted in July 2015 to ascertain and correlate with baseline data. DLF results shows well within the permissible standards and baseline monitoring conducted in 2009.This is the one of the positive environmental performance indicator of the subproject in line with implementation of EMP and due to the sensitive location of the site.
32. The monthly monitoring of Noise quality results at Achan Landfill site was marginally on higher side at sampling site S-N2 (Inside SLF site) and S-N3 (Outside SLF site near approach road)against prescribed limits and baseline monitoring for residential areas which was mainly contributed by the frequent movement of SMC trucks carrying waste to SLF site and partly by
10 Construction work on site code S-N1 stands completed- Defect liability monitoring conducted in July- 2015
the generator, RO based LTP’s and JCB’s operational at Landfill site (Cell -2).Comparative analysis of noise quality/ levels at different locations are illustrated in Figure 7 & 8
Figure 6: Noise quality levels recorded at monitoring sites during defect liability period with national noise standards of Nishat Harwan WS subproject
Figure 7: Noise quality levels recorded at monitoring sites with national noise standards / Baseline reference data of SLF Achan subproject.
33. Table 8: Noise Quality Data of Jammu Subprojects
0
20
40
60
80
July Defect Liability results Prescribed Standard Baseline Data
Fig 7. Noise Quality Data (Day Time Noise Levels dB (A) Leq) Nishat Harwan WS
S-N1a (Harwan) S-N1b (Nishat)
57.5
59.4
61.6
58.1
55 55.4
61.3 60.7
62.7
55
58.6
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
64
Aug Sep Oct Nov Standards Baseline Data
Fig 8. Noise Quality Data at Sanitary Landfill Site Achan (Cell-2)
S-N2 S-N3
Noise Quality- Jammu Subprojects Site
Code
Quarter
Month of Sampling with date
Sampling Site/ Location
Site Type Noise Levels (dB Leq)
Standards
Laying of Special Sewerage falling under area of Bakshi Nagar, Shakti Nagar, Shiv Nagar and Janipur in Jammu ( JKUSDIP Jammu/WS -05)
Baseline Data of Noise Quality Monitoring
Near Vishal Mega Mart
Residential, Rural and other areas
59.68 55
Near Govt. Higher Ec. School, Bakshi Nagar
Residential, Rural and other areas
63.67 55
S-7 Q4 15-10-15 Gurah Morh Main Chowk (Shakti Nagar)
35. Synopsis of the Solid Waste Management subproject: Sanitary Landfill Site at Achan, Srinagar
(Cell-2) 36. Under this sub project, a cell-2 having an external size of 215 m x 159 m and 195.36 m x 115.45 m
internal size has been proposed to suit site conditions for holding solid waste generated for two years in Srinagar city. The contract includes design, procurement, execution and operation of Leachate Treatment Plants of 60 KLD (1 no.) & 30 KLD (2 nos.) having a total capacity of 120 KLDTotal dumping capacity of the Cell-2 is 242,000 MT.
37. Overall progress of this package is about 81.21%
Preparation of surface and earth filling has been completed. Geogrid laying completed. GCL laying completed. HDPE Liner laying completed. Laying of filter media completed. Laying of Geo textile completed. Construction of Ramp completed. R.C.C Leachate collection sump completed. Up gradation of approach road completed except Toe wall. O&M work started in December 2013 and completed in November 2015.
38. Operation and Maintenance: The O&M of Cell-1 concluded on 30th November, 2015 and Cell-2 has
(Unit-1) was commissioned on 13.06.2013, LTP-60KL (Unit-2) commissioned on 14.10.2013 and
LTP-30KL (Unit-3) commissioned on 08.02.2014.
40. Site Inspection Report of Sanitary Landfill Site Pertaining to Open Dumping of Municipal Solid
Waste being done by SMC at Achan SLF Site.
41. Inspected by: Yadullah Shah (Environmental Expert) J&K ERA, Akhter R. Bhat (Environmental Expert) PMC and Komal Pal Singh SE PMC Dated: 28/11/2015 and 03/12/2015. A joint site inspection was conducted on 28th November and 3rd December 2015 to ascertain the and following observations were recorded as mentioned below;
Site Inventory S. No
Description Observations
1. Type of Activity SMC has hired a Mumbai based firm M/s Vini Agro Ltd. with consultation
from Dr. S.R Maley, Senior Adviser Tech Eco Systems Private Limited. This
arrangement is initially recommended only for a period of 30 days with effect
from 7th November 2015 on trial basis. However, actual works started from
23rd November 2015. The firm agreed to undertake the job@ Rs 125/ MT of
solid waste to be provided by SMC, which includes cost of treatment
materials i.e. Herbal Sanitizer cum deodorant and bio-culture for rapid bio-
stabilization of organic waste and also the labour required for applying this
46. Table10: Physio-Chemical characteristics of Treated Leachate from LTP’s of Cell-2 , Achan
Site Code
Quarter Month of Sampling with date
Sampling Site
Temp ºC
pH E.C µs/cm
D.O mg/l
B.O.D mg/l
TDS mg/l
TSS mg/l
Turbidity NTU
Total Alkalinity
Effluent (Treated Leachate)
Permissible Limits
11≤5oC
5.5-9.0
<2000 >6 30 2100 100 ≤5-10 200-600
S-W2
Q3 (July-Sept) 2015
July 07.07.2015
LTP 2 26 7.3 2337 2.0 310 1173 250 5.0 26
LTP 3 27 7.7 2367 1.2 390 1197 320 7.0 644
August 08.08.2015
LTP 2 26 7.4 6132 1.5 410 3072 300 6.0 1400
LTP 3 27 7.6 8532 1.2 480 4240 360 8.0 1500
September 02.09.2015
LTP 2 & 3 Combined
22 7.8 9690 1.4 375 5100 300 8.0 2544
Q4 (Oct-Dec) 2015
October 17.10.2015
LTP 1 17 7.2 8375 1.5 315 4460 280 6.0 1180
LTP 2 17 7.1 7680 1.5 300 3730 250 5.5 1080
November 02.11.2015
LTP 2 & 3 (Combined)
17 8.1 5555 2.5 170 2833 190 3.5 900
December 21.12.2015
LTP 2 6 7.3 5915 1.5 160 3165 180 25 1164
LTP 3 3 7.5 7252 BDL 920 3835 255 140 1800
47. Effluent (treated leachate) samples were collected from the Leachate Treatment Plant (LTP’s) II and III. LTP 1 (having capacity of 30KLD) was non-functional since July 2015 due to the technical issue.
Effluent samples were observed to be colorless and odourless as recorded in the previous samples.
The DO of the effluent sample was found on lower side mainly indorsed to least atmospheric
interaction at LTP. Higher DO can be achieved through cascading effect (by way of non-streamline
flow through drainage channel) from LTP to disposal point at Achan Stream. pH, Electrical
conductivity, TDS and total Alkalinity were well within the permissible limits. Leachate effluent is
discharged in the Achan Stream (inland surface water) and the temperature difference is only average
1-4°C against ≤5°C.
48. Increasing trend in base parameters of BOD, TSS and Conductivity have been observed since May
2015.This is mainly attributed to the presence of high organic load of raw leachate, incomplete bio-
degradation process due to the non-segregated waste brought to Cell-2 and improper operation &
maintenance of LTP’s. Huge influx of high concentrated base parameters as evident from the Table 10
may not cater by the LTP’s in a longer run. In view of this, corrective measures are instructed by way
of regular and proper O&M of LTP’s and more importantly change in membrane filters and servicing of LTP’s.
49. The results of BOD, Conductivity, TDS, TSS and Alkalinity shows exceedingly high values which are
the increasing trend followed from May 2015. However, as reported in previous SAEMR first half of
this year Srinagar received a maximum average precipitation of 780.4 mm of total rainfall (Source:
Indian Meteorological Department, Srinagar) as compared to 892.9 mm of total annual rainfall in 2014.
Whereas, increasing trend of above base parameters have been recorded of higher magnitude. This is
mainly attributed to huge influx of non-segregated MSW waste of higher biodegradable content
coupled with greater moisture content, sludge leachate (30% of total leachate treated by LTP’s is sent
11 Shall not exceed 5˚C above the receiving water temperature
back or recirculated again to Cell-2) and huge back-log of leachate present in cell-2 in correlation with
record precipitation received in 2014 and Jan-June 2015.
50. In general, the present characteristics of higher values of Cell-2 shows active extended acidogenic
phase. Extension is mainly attributed to 100% non-segregated waste received from SMC. This is an indication of active disintegration or degradation process of lower strata under complete anaerobic state. The non-segregated waste shows incomplete degradation process happening in Cell-2 resulting into deterioration of LTP’s.
51. Comparative analysis of treated leachate characteristics is illustrated in 12Figures-11(a-i) and 12 is
provided below;
12 Sharp dip in September and November graph indicates LTP 1 was not functional and combined sample of LTP2&3
52. Table 11: Ground Water Analysis (Tube well with average depth of 62 meters.)Inside Landfill site
Site Code
Quarter
Month of Sampling with date
Sampling Site
Temp ºC
pH
E.Cµs/cm
D.O mg/l
B.O.D mg/l
TDS mg/l
TSS mg/l
Turb. NTU
T.A
T.H
C.H
M.H
Inside SLF
Permissible Limits
-
6.5-8.5
≤500 >6
2-5 ≤500 ≤120
10 200 - 600
300 - 600
75-200
30-75
Baseline Data
March 27-03-2012
10.6 8 1005 BDL 18 512 248 35.2
The above 4 parameters were not part of the baseline monitoring. These additional parameters included into monitoring in November, 2013
S-W3
Q3 (July-Sept 2015)
July 07.07.2015
Tube Well (62 meter depth) near site office at SLF
16
7.5 1090 BDL 4 542 160 29.2 548 620 231 94.5
August 08.08.2015
16 7.4 1045 BDL 4 515 150 21.2 552 568 250 77.27
September 02.09.2015
17 6.7 1043 BDL 16 521 210 23.2 516 604 273 80.43
Q4 (Oct-Dec 2015)
October 12.10.2015
16 7.1 1056 BDL 10 525 190 21.0 472 648 241 99.0
November 02.11.2015
* * * * * * * * * * * *
December 21.12.2015
10 7.2 1039 2.0 4.0 512 130 35 448 620 235 94
53. Ground water samples were collected from the Tube well at a depth of 62 meters which is motor driven and is located within the premises of the Sanitary Landfill at Achan near the site office. The ground water was found odourless and cloudy (turbid).
54. Monitoring results of six ground water taken throughout reporting period shows more or less similar
physio-chemical characteristics even as record in previous monitoring report. DO usually remain to
lower end due to the depth factor and least atmospheric interactions as direct impinging of oxygen is
resisted due to underground condition. pH of the ground water meets the water quality criteria. The
ground water study revealed high conductivity and may be due to the presence of wide variety of
dissolved inorganic constituents, resulting from chemical and biochemical interactions between water
and other geological constituents. High Turbidity of the water is mainly attributed to suction action of the
submersible motor which is correlated to depth factor which leads to turbidity factor and may be due to
the high values. The value of conductivity and Turbidity were higher than Water Quality standards. BOD
is found within the permissible standards except in September and October.
55. This tube well (ground water) cannot be used as drinking water source. Comparative analysis of ground
water characteristics is illustrated in Figure-13(a-l) and 14 below;
Figure 14: Monthly Water quality characteristics of Ground Water (Tube Well- average depth of 62 m) at Landfill site in Srinagar
56. Table 12: Physio-Chemical characteristics of Achan Stream (near approach road at Landfill
site)
Site Code
Quarter
Month of Sampling with dates
Sampling Site
Temp ºC
pH
E.C µs/cm
D.O mg/l
B.O.D mg/l
TDS mg/l
TSS mg/l
Turb... NTU
T.A
T.H
C.A
M.H
Achan Stream
Permissible Limits
-
6.5-8.5
≤500 >6 2-5 ≤500 ≤120 5-10 200 - 600
300 - 600
75-200
30-75
Baseline Data March 24.03.2012
Upstream 10.4 7.5 562 1.2 16 479 230 10.3 The above 4 parameters were not part of the baseline monitoring. These additional parameters included into monitoring in November, 2013
57. Achan Stream/ Nallah water samples were collected from this water body near the Achan landfill site which usually have variable discharge. The Water was found to be colourless with fishy odour due to the stale nature of Achan Stream. This stream is surrounded by human habitations and agricultural fields. Direct dumping of domestic and agricultural wastes (both liquid/ solid) was also observed during the sampling period.
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Temp.
˚C pH E.C
(µs/cm)
D.O
(mg/l)
B.O.D
(mg/l)
TDS
(mg/l)
TSS
(mg/l)
Turbidity
NTU
T. A
(mg/l)
T.H
(mg/l)
C.H
(mg/l)
M.H
(mg/l)
AX
IS T
ITLE
AXIS TITLE
Fig 15: Water Quality characteristics of Ground Water (Tube Well) at
58. The flow regime of stream water usually remain low and its surface was found with macrophytes like Phragmites, Typha, Scirpus, Lemna, sp. with detritus activity which is the indicator of stagnant nature and high eutrophic load of water body.
59. Water body shows higher DO level in the months of July and August due to the higher increase in water volume. The BOD of the stream due to the least winter flow and stagnant nature and higher values due to the presence of high organic load produced by the dumping of domestic and agricultural wastes by the locals. Conductivity and TDS are found well within the permissible limits. (TSS) of the stream was found to be higher and may be due to the presence of detritus and litter. The physio-chemical characteristics of Achan Stream/ Nallah show all the parameters in line with permissible standards. Whereas, the baseline characteristics were exceeding the present monitoring results. Based on the above it is concluded that no impact is seen on the water body in relation to treated discharge from RO based LTP effluent. Comparative analysis of Achan Stream characteristics is illustrated in Figures- 15(a-l) and 16
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Fig 16a. Temp Upstream
Downstream
0
2
4
6
8
10
Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Baseline
Fig 16b. pH Upstream Downstream Standard Min Standard Max
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Baseline
Fig 16c. Electrical Conductivity Upstream
Downstream
Sta dard ≤5
0
2
4
6
8
Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Baseline
Fig 16d. Dissolved Oxygen Upstream Downstream Standard (>6)
Figure 16: Physio-chemical characteristics of Achan Stream/Nallah near Landfill site in Srinagar
60. Table 13: Physio-Chemical characteristics of Paddy Fields (Southern/ Northern) near SLF site
at Achan
Site
Code
Quarter Month of Sampling with date
Sampling Site
Temp ºC
pH E.C µs/cm
D.O mg/l
B.O.D mg/l
TDS mg/l
TSS mg/l
Turb NTU
TA TH CA MH
SW5 Paddy Fields near SLF Site
Permissible Limits
-
6.5-8.5
≤500 >6 2-5 ≤500 ≤120 5-10 200 - 600
300 - 600
75-200
30-75
Baseline Data
March 22.03.2012
Northern Field
10.3 8 1168 13.2 10 1164 260 9.8 The above 4 parameters were not part of the baseline monitoring. These additional parameters included into monitoring in November, 2013
Southern Field
10.5 9 2095 14 8 1684 240 9.3
Q3 (July-Sept) 2015
August 10.08.2015
Northern Field
27 8.0 654 5.2 22 319 300 9.2 328 368 302.4 16.0
SouthernField
25 8.3 467 5.0 30 237 330 12.2 200 284 193.2 22.0
61. Paddy Fields adjacent to the Achan Landfill Site usually remain dry in later half of summer and
Autumn due to the harvest period. However, water samples were taken in August 2015 to ascertain the impact on the agricultural fields due to the operation of Landfill Site. The above results depicts characteristics of the paddy fields. Domestic wastes and agricultural wastes were observed in the Paddy fields during the sampling period. Both paddy fields were observed with detritus and litter.
62. The analysis shows that the optimum DO, BOD values were high due to the presence of high organic
load (agricultural activities and other fertilizers). Higher values of conductivity and TDS in the Paddy fields may be due to the presence of lot of dissolved inorganic solids. TSS and Turbidity of the Paddy
0
100
200
300
400
500
600 U
pst
rea
m
Do
wn
stre
am
Up
stre
am
Do
wn
stre
am
Up
stre
am
Do
wn
stre
am
Up
stre
am
Do
wn
stre
am
Up
stre
am
Do
wn
stre
am
Up
stre
am
Do
wn
stre
am
Up
stre
am
Do
wn
stre
am
Up
stre
am
Do
wn
stre
am
Up
stre
am
Do
wn
stre
am
Up
stre
am
Do
wn
stre
am
Up
stre
am
Do
wn
stre
am
Up
stre
am
Do
wn
stre
am
Temp pH EC DO BOD TDS TSS Tudbidity T.A T.H C.H MH
Fig 17. Physio-Chemical Characteristics of Achan Stream near Landfill Site , Achan Jul
fields were higher and may be due to the lot of litter and detritus present in the fields. Rest of the Water quality parameters are found well within permissible limits. Characteristics of paddy fields (Southern/Northern) is illustrated in Figure- 17 below;
Figure 17: Water quality characteristics of Paddy Fields (Southern/Northern side) of Landfill site in Srinagar
63. Table 14: Physio-Chemical characteristics of Harwan-Nishat Water Supply, Srinagar Irrigation Channel near Harwan Reservoir (Defect Liability Period)