Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology.pptx

7/24/2019 Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology.pptx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/environmental-microbiology-and-biotechnologypptx 1/20

EnvironmentalMicrobiology and

BiotechnologyBiol 473

7/24/2019 Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology.pptx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/environmental-microbiology-and-biotechnologypptx 2/20

What is Environment?Interaction of all biotic and abiotic factors

Abiotic factors include air, water, soil,minerals, sunlight, rain

Biotic factors include animals, plants,

microorganisms, human beings

7/24/2019 Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology.pptx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/environmental-microbiology-and-biotechnologypptx 3/20

BiosphereBiosphere is the living part of the planet

Earth

All areas or ecos!stems

Ecos!stem can live without us, we cannot

7/24/2019 Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology.pptx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/environmental-microbiology-and-biotechnologypptx 4/20

Biotechnolog! "echni#ues for utili$ing living organisms or

their parts for ma%ing products

 "ransgenic animals, plants, microorganisms

7/24/2019 Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology.pptx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/environmental-microbiology-and-biotechnologypptx 5/20

Environmental

Biotechnolog! "reatment of contaminated ecos!stems&olid wastes, contaminated air, li#uid wastes

It includes use of microorganisms

E'amples are bacteria, !east and even

unicelluar protists

7/24/2019 Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology.pptx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/environmental-microbiology-and-biotechnologypptx 6/20

(rowth of Biotech )ompanies in (erman!

7/24/2019 Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology.pptx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/environmental-microbiology-and-biotechnologypptx 7/20

Industries that are ma%ing di*erent products in (erman!

7/24/2019 Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology.pptx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/environmental-microbiology-and-biotechnologypptx 8/20

+icroorganismsound ever!where

&peci-c to speci-c environments

We can get a solution out of the problem

E'ample salinit! tolerance in the organismsliving in saline areas

7/24/2019 Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology.pptx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/environmental-microbiology-and-biotechnologypptx 9/20

.nderstanding the role of

microorganism in biogeochemical c!cles+icroorganisms pla! ver! important roles

 "hese ma%e the resources available for theplants

If we e'hausted our land for some nutrients

then microorganisms can help

7/24/2019 Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology.pptx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/environmental-microbiology-and-biotechnologypptx 10/20

+icroorganisms and waste/s

treatment+icroorganisms are the natural decomposers

We can use this propert! to clean up almostever! %ind of wastes

+icroorganisms are used for cleaning solid

wastes, li#uid wastes and even have potentialfor cleaning nuclear wastes

7/24/2019 Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology.pptx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/environmental-microbiology-and-biotechnologypptx 11/20

SINGLE BACTERIUM

2! 

m

"RGANIC #"LLUTANTAN$ NUTRIENTS%C&#&N&"&'e&S(()

GR"*T+ , CELL $I-ISIINCREASE IN BI"MASS

C"2 evolved

"2 con./m0tion

7/24/2019 Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology.pptx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/environmental-microbiology-and-biotechnologypptx 12/20

0rganic matter'ermented

Acetic Acid

12  )02

1

)14  )02  120

Methanogene.i.

Biogas production

7/24/2019 Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology.pptx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/environmental-microbiology-and-biotechnologypptx 13/20

Waste water treatment

plants)10 )02 5 120

AerobicAnaerobic

+i'ed processes

+ultiple microbes

+icroorganisms

7/24/2019 Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology.pptx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/environmental-microbiology-and-biotechnologypptx 14/20

0'idation ond

7/24/2019 Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology.pptx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/environmental-microbiology-and-biotechnologypptx 15/20

)10 0rganic acid )02 5 12& 5 13 5 )14

7/24/2019 Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology.pptx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/environmental-microbiology-and-biotechnologypptx 16/20

6rin%ing water testingE. coli

 "hresholds of various bacteria

seudomonas in hospitals

7/24/2019 Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology.pptx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/environmental-microbiology-and-biotechnologypptx 17/20

&olid waste treatments

&olid wastes could not onl! bedegraded b! bacteria but we canconvert it to useful products li%e

biogas

7/24/2019 Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology.pptx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/environmental-microbiology-and-biotechnologypptx 18/20

0il spills(ulf oil and gas spill

+ethane utili$ed b! bacteria, about 2,tons

0il also used b! bacteria

But problem is ano'ic $ones in sea leading todisturbed ecos!stem

7/24/2019 Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology.pptx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/environmental-microbiology-and-biotechnologypptx 19/20

uclear waste6einococcus

1ave pigments and absorption mechanisms

0ther as well8 "he bacteria, called Geobacter sulfurreducens,

transfer electrons via the pilus to the metals thatthe! feed o* of "ransferring the electrons gives thebacteria energ! It also changes the ioni$ation stateof the metal, changing it to a form that precipitatesout of water A colon! of Geobacter  living near apile of nuclear waste would e'tract the uranium,ma%ing it easier to handle and remove:

7/24/2019 Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology.pptx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/environmental-microbiology-and-biotechnologypptx 20/20

+icroorganisms can provide

useful solutions for dealing withman! environmental problems