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Flood Protection and Emergency Reconstruction Project
- Repair of the damaged culverts, Irish crossings, which are repairable
- Construction of new culverts and Irish crossings at locations where the existing cross drainage structures are completely washed out
- Construction of lined drain and erosion protection works
- Removal of debris, and clearance of excessive sediment deposits on the wadi bed
- Installation of road furniture comprising road signs, pavement markings, guard stones and guard railing
The works under this project has been divided into four (4) contract packages namely viz
FPERP- RR1,RR2, RR3 & RR4 in Hadramout Governorate, Republic of Yemen. The no. of
roads included under the contract packages FPERP-RR1, FPERP-RR2, FPERP-RR3 & FPERP
RR4 are 3, 3, 3 & 4 respectively.
Contract Package FPERP-RR1:-
It includes the rehabilitation and reconstruction of priority damaged segments along
a) Al Rayyan – Al Adwas Road (76.500 km, excluding Al Goreb section),
b) Al Adwas – Raseb Road (63.800 km) and
c) Al Uleib– Rahaba (10.0 km).
Culvert – 7 Nos. of varying cells and sizes
Irish Crossings – 1 at Wadi Aiyun on Rayyan – Al Adwas Road of approx. 500m length and another about 250m. long at Km. 28+500 on same road and other at Al Uleib Rahabah Road of 50m length
Retaining Wall – Approx. 7000m of varying heights
Contract Package FPERP-RR2:-
It includes the rehabilitation and reconstruction of priority damaged segments along
a) Al Adwas – Bin Aifan road (230.200 km),
b) Al Mashad to Wadi Dowe’n (48.100 km) and
c) Wawrah – Azzaher (35.900 km).
Culvert – 8 Nos. of varying cells and sizes
Irish Crossings - 4 nos. existing Irish crossings along the roads of this contract are to be lengthened about 20m on either side with protection works
Retaining Wall – Approx. 5000m of varying heights
Flood Protection and Emergency Reconstruction Project
Full of debris and broken concrete structures are found scattered all along the site. With the implementation of the project, the visual and aesthetic environment is definitely going to improve
2 Land use pattern (0) (0) No likely change in land use pattern.
3 Socioeconomic conditions (-) (+++)
Quality of life of the citizens will improve and generation of employment is expected
4 Smooth Traffic Movement
(- -) (+++) Traffic disruptions and delays will totally be reduced and thereby will save financial and economic losses.
5 Air quality (0) (+)
Temporary effect will happen during construction phase only
6 Noise Quality (0) (+)
Temporary increase in noise quality level is expected during construction phase only
7 Cultural Property/ Archeological Sites (0) (0) There is no risk of damages to cultural property
8 Indigenous people (0) (0) No indigenous people are going to be affected.
9 Biological Environment (Flora & Fauna) (0) (0) No impact on Flora and Fauna
10 Water and Soil Contamination (0) (0) No impact
11 Destruction/ Disruption of Land & Vegetation (0) (0) No Impact
12 Soil Erosion ( - ) (++)
With the implementation of the protection works, the wadi embankment erosion will be substantially reduced.
Table 1.3: Summary of EMP (Project Implementation and Operation Phase)
Sl. No.
Project Activity/ Environmental Issues
Action/ Measures to be Taken
Responsible Organizations
IMPLEMENTATION PHASE:
1. Air quality and noise quality due to construction yard activity
Select sites for construction camp and storage yard as per recommendation of EMP.
Prospective Contractor (PC) in consultation with
MWPH
2. Borrow pits and quarrying Firm-up contact with approved quarry and borrow pit sources, obtain balance output and requirement of material.
(PC)
3. Disposal of Construction debris
Weekly inspection of sites for collection and disposal of construction debris to approved landfill sites.
PC (Inspection by MWPH)
4. Traffic Management Secure assistance from local police for traffic control during construction phase and prepare proper traffic diversion plans.
PC in consultation with MWPH and Traffic
Department
5. Construction Workers Colony/site office
Install lavatory at construction workers colony/ site office. Provision of collection domestic refuse and its disposal.
PC
6. Noise Pollution Workers working in the vicinity of equipment generating high noise levels provided with earplugs, proper maintenance of construction equipment /machinery and vehicles.
PC
7. Air Pollution Construction equipment/ machinery and vehicles be maintained in good condition. Dust cover to the vehicles carrying construction material. Sprinkling of water in dusty area.
PC
8. Equipment storage and maintenance yard
Waste collection, storage and disposal in proper manner. Whenever possible (in case of lubricants) should be reused.
PC
9. Transportation of Construction material
Routine check of vehicles used for transportation for adequate maintenance and compliance with emission norms.
PC (Inspection by MWPH)
10. Pollution (Air, noise due to Construction yard)
Ensure location of Construction yard at least 500m from habitation.
PC
11. Use of water on and off-site All water on site will be transported in tankers by the Contractor of its own.
PC
12. Disposal of debris Disposal of debris to the approved landfill sites located away from habitations and well fields.
PC
OPERATION PHASE:
1. Routine Maintenance Routine maintenance to be carried out and records to be maintained
MWPH
2. Preventive Maintenance Daily observations recorded, half yearly, and Annual Maintenance shall be conducted.
MWPH
Flood Protection and Emergency Reconstruction Project
Safeguards Procedures to be followed in the contract are as follows:
1.6.1 General
i. The Contractor and his employees shall adhere to the mitigation measures set down and take all other measures required by the Engineer to prevent harm, and to minimize the impact of his operations on the environment.
ii. The Contractor shall not be permitted to unnecessarily strip clear the right of way. The
Contractor shall only clear the minimum width for construction and diversion roads should not be constructed alongside the existing road.
iii. Remedial actions which cannot be effectively carried out during construction should be carried
out on completion of each Section of the road (earthworks, pavement and drainage) and before issuance of the Taking Over Certificate:
(a) These sections should be landscaped and any necessary remedial works should be
undertaken without delay, including grassing and reforestation; (b) Water courses should be cleared of debris and drains and culverts checked for clear flow
paths; and
(c) Borrow pits should be dressed as fish ponds, or drained and made safe, as agreed with the land owner.
iv. The Contractor shall limit construction works to between 6 am and 7 pm if it is to be carried out
in or near residential areas.
v. The Contractor shall avoid the use of noisy equipment in specified areas at night, or in sensitive areas such as near a hospital.
vi. To prevent dust pollution during dry periods, the Contractor shall carry out regular watering of earth and gravel haul roads and shall cover material haulage trucks with tarpaulins to prevent spillage.
1.6.2 Transport
i. The Contractor shall use selected routes to the project site, as agreed with the Engineer, and appropriately sized vehicles suitable to the class of road, and shall restrict loads to prevent damage to roads and bridges used for transportation purposes. The Contractor shall be held responsible for any damage caused to the roads and bridges due to the transportation of excessive loads, and shall be required to repair such damage to the approval of the Engineer.
ii. The Contractor shall not use any vehicles, either on or off road with grossly excessive, exhaust
or noise emissions. In any built up areas, noise mufflers shall be installed and maintained in good condition on all motorized equipment under the control of the Contractor.
iii. Adequate traffic control measures shall be maintained by the Contractor throughout the
duration of the Contract and such measures shall be subject to prior approval of the Engineer.
Flood Protection and Emergency Reconstruction Project
i. The Contractor should whenever possible locally recruit the majority of the workforce and shall provide appropriate training as necessary.
ii. The Contractor shall install and maintain a temporary septic tank system for any residential
labor camp and without causing pollution of nearby watercourses.
iii. The Contractor shall establish a method and system for storing and disposing of all solid wastes generated by the labor camp and/or base camp.
iv. The Contractor shall not allow the use of fuel wood for cooking or heating in any labor camp or
base camp and provide alternate facilities using other fuels.
v. The Contractor shall ensure that site offices, depots, asphalt plants and workshops are located in appropriate areas as approved by the Engineer and not within 500 meters of existing residential settlements and not within 1,000 meters for asphalt plants.
vi. The Contractor shall ensure that site offices, depots and particularly storage areas for diesel
fuel and bitumen and asphalt plants are not located within 500 meters of watercourses, and are operated so that no pollutants enter watercourses, either overland or through groundwater seepage, especially during periods of rain. This will require lubricants to be recycled and a ditch to be constructed around the area with an approved settling pond/oil trap at the outlet.
vii. The contractor shall not use fuel wood as a means of heating during the processing or
preparation of any materials forming part of the Works.
1.6.4 Quarries and Borrow Pits
i. Operation of a new borrows area, on land, in a river, or in an existing area, shall be subject to prior approval of the Engineer, and the operation shall cease if so instructed by the Engineer. Borrow pits shall be prohibited where they might interfere with the natural or designed drainage patterns. River locations shall be prohibited if they might undermine or damage the river banks, or carry too much fine material downstream.
ii. The Contractor shall ensure that all borrow pits used are left in a trim and tidy condition with stable side slopes, and are drained ensuring that no stagnant water bodies are created which could breed mosquitoes.
iii. Rock or gravel taken from a river shall be far enough removed to limit the depth of material removed to one-tenth of the width of the river at any one location, and not to disrupt the river flow, or damage or undermine the river banks.
iv. The location of crushing plants shall be subject to the approval of the Engineer, and not be close to environmentally sensitive areas or to existing residential settlements, and shall be operated with approved fitted dust control devices.
1.6.5 Earthworks
i. Earthworks shall be properly controlled, especially during the rainy season.
ii. The Contractor shall maintain stable cut and fill slopes at all times and cause the least possible disturbance to areas outside the prescribed limits of the work.
Flood Protection and Emergency Reconstruction Project
iii. The Contractor shall complete cut and fill operations to final cross-sections at any one location as soon as possible and preferably in one continuous operation to avoid partially completed earthworks, especially during the rainy season.
iv. In order to protect any cut or fill slopes from erosion, in accordance with the drawings, cut off
drains and toe-drains shall be provided at the top and bottom of slopes and be planted with grass or other plant cover. Cut off drains should be provided above high cuts to minimize water runoff and slope erosion.
v. Any excavated cut or unsuitable material shall be disposed of in designated tipping areas as agreed to by the Engineer.
vi. Tips should not be located where they can cause future slides, interfere with agricultural land or any other properties, or cause soil from the dump to be washed into any watercourse. Drains may need to be dug within and around the tips, as directed by the Engineer.
1.6.6 Historical and Archaeological Sites
i. If the Contractor discovers archeological sites, historical sites, remains and objects, including
graveyards and/or individual graves during excavation or construction, the Contractor shall:
(a) Stop the construction activities in the area of the chance find. (b) Delineate the discovered site or area. (c) Secure the site to prevent any damage or loss of removable objects. In cases of removable
antiquities or sensitive remains, a night guard shall be present until the responsible local authorities and the Ministry of Culture take over.
(d) Notify the supervisory Engineer who in turn will notify the responsible local authorities and the Ministry of Culture immediately (less than 24 hours).
(e) Contact the responsible local authorities and the Ministry of Culture who would be in charge of protecting and preserving the site before deciding on the proper procedures to be carried out. This would require a preliminary evaluation of the findings to be performed by the archeologists of the Ministry of Culture (within 72 hours). The significance and importance of the findings should be assessed according to the various criteria relevant to cultural heritage, including the aesthetic, historic, scientific or research, social and economic values.
(f) Ensure that decisions on how to handle the finding be taken by the responsible authorities and the Ministry of Culture. This could include changes in the layout (such as when the finding is an irremovable remain of cultural or archeological importance) conservation, preservation, restoration and salvage.
(g) Implementation for the authority decision concerning the management of the finding shall be communicated in writing by the Ministry of Culture; and
(h) Construction work will resume only after authorization is given by the responsible local authorities and the Ministry of Culture concerning the safeguard of the heritage.
1.6.7 Disposal of Construction and Vehicle Waste
i. Debris generated due to the dismantling of the existing structures shall be suitably reused, to the extent feasible, in the proposed construction (e.g. as fill materials for embankments). The disposal of remaining debris shall be carried out only at sites identified and approved by the project engineer. The contractor should ensure that these sites (a) are not located within designated forest areas; (b) do not impact natural drainage courses; and (c) do not impact endangered/rare flora. Under no circumstances shall the contractor dispose of any material in environmentally sensitive areas.
Flood Protection and Emergency Reconstruction Project
ii. In the event any debris or silt from the sites is deposited on adjacent land, the Contractor shall
immediately remove such, debris or silt and restore the affected area to its original state to the satisfaction of the Supervisor/Engineer.
iii. Bentonite slurry or similar debris generated from pile driving or other construction activities
shall be disposed of to avoid overflow into the surface water bodies or form mud puddles in the area.
iv. All arrangements for transportation during construction including provision, maintenance,
dismantling and clearing debris, where necessary, will be considered incidental to the work and should be planned and implemented by the contractor as approved and directed by the Engineer.
v. Vehicle/machinery and equipment operations, maintenance and refueling shall be carried out to
avoid spillage of fuels and lubricants and ground contamination. An 'oil interceptor" will be provided for wash down and refueling areas. Fuel storage shall be located in proper bounded areas.
vi. All spills and collected petroleum products shall be disposed of in accordance with standard
environmental procedures/guidelines. Fuel storage and refilling areas shall be located at least
300m from all cross drainage structures and important water bodies or as directed by the
Engineer.
1.7 Environmental Monitoring Plan (EMP)
A Monitoring Plan (MP) is presented in this paragraph for sustainable implementation of the
suggested EMP during project construction stage. The Operational Stage mainly requires
maintenance of the road, which shall be done by the Maintenance Department of MWPH.
1.7.1 Construction Monitoring Plan Phase
An Environmental Officer shall be appointed by the PIU who shall be responsible for monitoring the
implementation of various clauses of the EMP. The Environmental Officer shall be appointed on a
contract basis by the PIU and the PIU shall be responsible to check the performance of the
Environmental Officer.
1.7.2 Responsibility of the Environmental Officer
The Environmental Officer shall be responsible for carrying out inspection during the 18 month
construction phase. Each inspection shall be for three days duration and preferably one inspection in a
month.
After each inspection the Environmental Officer shall prepare a report containing location and activity
under progress, areas of non-compliance with the EMP. He will give remarks on actions to be taken
for proper implementation of the mitigating measures at the construction site/ yards. The report should
also contain records of communication between the Supervision Consultant and the Contractor on
matters relating to the environment. On completion of the project construction works, the
Flood Protection and Emergency Reconstruction Project
Checklist of the activities to be checked by the EMO
Description of Activities Yes No Remarks, if any
- Are soil and topsoil properly replaced without mixing?
- Is backfill done properly?
7. Construction sites:
- Are site secured properly?
- Are warning signs/cautionary boards placed near the
construction site?
- Are good house keeping practices followed at construction
sites?
- Are proper public safety provided near the operation of
heavy equipments?
- Are materials stored properly especially bitumen?
8. Clean up:
- Is the final clean up appropriately timed up?
- Has all man-made debris peers removed?
- Has access to all areas been restored?
- Have all excavated sites /trenches/construction
camps/workers camps been restored to as close as
practicable to original configurations?
1.7.4 Summary of Environmental Quality Monitoring
The following Table gives summary of Environmental Quality Monitoring.
Sl. No.
Environmental Components
Indicator Parameters1
Frequency Location
1.0 Air Quality
Respirable Particulate Matter (RPM)
Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM)
Nitrogen Oxides
Oxides of Sulfur
Dust fall
Twice in a month in winter, summer and
post monsoon seasons2
At 5 locations (near the construction sites, Construction Camp, Crusher Plant & schools and hospitals, if any)
2.0 Noise Quality
Max. and Min. Noise Level Meter
Equivalent Noise Level
Twice in a month (as per Air Quality
Program-also refer to footnote 2)
At 5 samples Construction sites, Construction Yard, Crushers, Hospitals & Schools, Residential Areas, if any.
3.0 Public Health
Periodic Health check-up of construction workers, and HIV check ups (Yearly)
Quarterly
-
1 . Environmental quality parameters shall be measured and reported in accordance with guidelines, standards and
procedures established by WHO latest edition and MOE requirements as applicable. 2 The inspection and testing should be planned for: (i) setting baseline conditions prior to construction start; and (ii)
during the peak periods of construction activities for which the contractors shall give advance notice.
Flood Protection and Emergency Reconstruction Project
4 Irrigation of fruit trees (irrigation should cease 2 weeks before fruit is picked up and no fruit should be picked off the ground)
1 -
Ambient Air Quality Standards (in g/m3) of Yemen, WHO & USEPA
Air Pollutants Time Weighted Average
Yemen-EPA1
WHO (1999)2
USEPA (July 1997)3
World Bank Guidelines
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
Annual - 40 100 (P&S) 100
24 hours 150 200 - 150
1 hour 400 - - -
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)
Annual - 50 80 (P) 80
24 hours - 125 365 (P) 150
3 hours - - 1300 (S) -
10 minutes - 500 - -
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
8 hours 10,000 10,000 10,000 (P) -
1 hour 20,000 30,000 40,000 (P) -
30 minutes - 60,000 - -
15 minutes - 100,000 - -
Lead (Pb) Annual 1 0.5 - -
Quarterly - - 1.5 (P&S) -
Particulate Matters Annual 60 - - 80
24 hours 150 - - 230
PM10 Annual - - 50 (P&S) -
24 hours 70 - 150 (P&S) -
PM2.5 Annual - - 15 (P&S) -
24 hours - - 65 (P&S) -
Ozone (O3) 8 hours 120 120 157 (P&S) -
1 hour 200 - 235 (P&S) -
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Annual 60 - - -
24 hours 150 - - -
1 hour 250 - - -
Table legend: P- Primary standard, S-Secondary standard References: 1 Guidelines & Regulations of EPA, Republic of Yemen, Council of Ministers, Decree No. 148 of year 2000. 2 WHO, Air Quality Guidelines 3 USEPA, July 1997, EPA Office of Air Quality Planning & Standards, USEPA, Triangle Park, USA
Permissible Noise Limits as per Environment Protection Law, Yemen
Type of Area
Limit in dB(A) as per Article A of the Law
Limit in dB(A) as per Article B of the Law
Time Time
A B C A B C
Country side residential area & park area 45 40 35 60 55 55
Flood Protection and Emergency Reconstruction Project