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India: Second Karnataka State Highways
Improvement Project
Executive Summary
Environmental Impact Assessment
EPC & ANNUITY PACKAGES
Prepared by the Government of Karnataka
Public Works Department
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Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project - II Executive
Summary
Consultancy Services for Preparation of DPR, Bid Documents EPC
and Annuity Packages
and Associated Safeguard Instruments – Funded by World Bank
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
E. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY – EPC & ANNUITY PACKAGES
.............................................................. 1
E.1 Introduction:
..........................................................................................................................................
1 E.2 Project Background:
..............................................................................................................................
1 E.3 Need and Scope of Environmental Assessment:
...................................................................................
2 E.4 Description of Project:
..........................................................................................................................
2
E.4.1 Description of Project corridors:
.................................................................................................
2 E.4.2 Typical road cross-section types adopted:
...................................................................................
5 E.4.3 Design speed:
...............................................................................................................................
6 E.4.4 Re-alignments/ Horizontal curve improvements:
.........................................................................
6 E.4.5 Major and minor junctions:
..........................................................................................................
8 E.4.6 Treatment of Culverts and Bridges
...............................................................................................
9 E.4.7 Road Furniture and Road Safety
Measures................................................................................
11
E.5 Key Environmental Laws & Policies:
.................................................................................................
12 E.5.1 Clearances required for the project:
..........................................................................................
13
E.6 Description of baseline
environment:..................................................................................................
15 E.7 Stakeholder Consultation:
...................................................................................................................
16 E.8 Analysis of Alternatives:
.....................................................................................................................
18 E.9 Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation measures:
............................................................... 18
E.10 Summary of Resettlement and Rehabilitation (R&R):
........................................................................
25 E.11 Environmental Management Plan:
......................................................................................................
26 E.12 Conclusion:
.........................................................................................................................................
28
LIST OF TABLES
Table E-1: Details of proposed project roads under EPC and
Annuity
..................................................................
2 Table E-2: Typical Road Cross-sections used in designing project
roads
.............................................................. 5
Table E-3: Details of minor realignments along the project roads
.........................................................................
6 Table E-4: Details of major realignments along the project roads
..........................................................................
8 Table E-5: Number of Major/Minor junctions identified for
improvement
............................................................ 8
Table E-6: Treatment proposals for Culverts along project roads
..........................................................................
9 Table E-7: Treatment proposals for Bridges along project roads
.........................................................................
10 Table E-8: No. of Bus Bays proposed for project roads
.......................................................................................
11 Table E-9: Clearances required for the proposed project roads
............................................................................
13 Table E-10: Details of Public consultation meetings
............................................................................................
16 Table E-11: Environmental Impact Matrix of the road projects
...........................................................................
21 Table E-12: Summary of Environmental impacts for EPC project
roads .............................................................
21 Table E-13: Summary of Environmental impacts for annuity project
roads ........................................................ 22
Table E-14: Summary of proposed Environmental mitigation measures
(EPC project roads) ............................. 23 Table E-15:
Summary of proposed Environmental mitigation measures (Annuity
project roads) ....................... 23 Table E-16 Summary of
Impacts
..........................................................................................................................
25 Table E-17: Estimated cost of EMP
implementation............................................................................................
27
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure E-1: Map showing proposed project road locations with
respect to notified National Parks and Wildlife
Sanctuaries.
...................................................................................................................................................
4 Figure E-2: Pictures showing completed solid noise barriers on
proposed EPC project roads ............................ 24 Figure
E-3: Organizational Framework of EMPIU – KSHIP
...............................................................................
48
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Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project - II Executive
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KARNATAKA STATE HIGHWAYS IMPROVEMENT PROJECT (KSHIP)
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT
E. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY – EPC & ANNUITY PACKAGES
E.1 Introduction:
This report summarizes the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
and Environmental
Management Plan (EMP) for the Project, including project
background, applicable legal and policy
framework and environmental monitoring standards, significant
potential adverse impacts on the
physical, biological and socio-economic attributes of
environment along with mitigation measures in
the project area, analysis of alternatives, public consultation
programs and environmental
management plan. This Executive Summary prepared for the
Karnataka State Highways Improvement
Project II - World Bank funded EPC and Annuity packages serves
as a concise environmental report.
E.2 Project Background:
The Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project (KSHIP) is an
initiative by the Public Works
Department (PWD) of the Government of Karnataka (GOK), to
undertake improvement of State
Highways and Major District Roads.
Under a previous World Bank (WB) assisted KSHIP-I program (2001
to 2007), 2,406 km state roads
covering State Highways (SH) and Major District Roads (MDR) were
improved. An updated
Strategic Options Study (SOS), recently performed for the core
road network under the control of the
PWD, identified a further 7,094 km of State Highways as
potential candidate roads for prioritized
improvement. A techno-economic feasibility study and
environmental/social screening of about 4,900
km of SOS and other roads completed in November 2006 evaluated
the feasibility of improvement
works and established a priority ranking of 3,411 km of roads.
KSHIP-II comprises the subsequent
improvement program of 3,411 km identified through this
feasibility study. To facilitate this, the
Government of Karnataka appointed M/s Scott Wilson Kirkpatrick
UK with Scott Wilson Kirkpatrick
India as the Project Coordinating Consultants (PCC) to carry out
the Detailed Project Report (DPR)
for upgradation of the 3411 km of roads.
From the 3,411km of roads, a total of 832.51 km of roads have
been selected for upgradation under
conventional construction contracts (268.59 km) and Annuity
concessions (563.92 km). The
conventional construction contracts are referred to as EPC
(engineer, procure and construct). The
proposed EPC1 and Annuity
2 projects are grouped into five contract packages (consisting
of eight road
links) and four contract packages (consisting of seventeen road
links) respectively. None of the EPC
and Annuity road links pass through any protected area including
tiger reserves.
The Annuity concessions are structured such that the
concessionaire receives a pre-determined
amount of money as part-payment during the construction period
and annuity payments every year
during the operation and maintenance period in return for the
obligation to develop and maintain the
highway for the duration of the concession period (10 years).
The concessionaire is provided with the
designs and drawings (including DPR). However, the
concessionaire is allowed to improve upon the
design on the basis of given standards and specifications, with
minimum required standards for certain
components such as horizontal & vertical alignment, pavement
to be met. The concessionaire shall
1 EPC contracts: Under EPC (engineer, procure and construct),
contractors would build roads and hand over to
GOK, and the cost of the project is fully met by GOK from public
funds and World Bank assistance. 2 Annuity concessions: In Annuity,
the concessionaires would design, finance, build, operate and
maintain the
road for a specified period, at the end of which the road would
be transferred to GOK. The financing of
construction would be partly met through World Bank assistance.
The concessionaires would finance the
balance and recover monies through Annuity payments from
GOK.
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construct the project within the project site provided by the
GOK. No additional land acquisition will
be required during the implementation. The project site is based
on the DPR designs, complying with
all the latest environmental guidelines with respect to
environmental protection and conservation. The
scope of work of the concessionaire also includes preparation of
required Environmental Monitoring
and Management Plans to be implemented for the proposed road
construction works.
E.3 Need and Scope of Environmental Assessment:
Under the techno-economic feasibility study of 4,900km, the
roads were subjected to Multi
Criteria Analysis (MCA) and environmental screening. Roads that
did not qualify in techno-
economic feasibility studies and sensitive corridors passing
through wild life sanctuaries and
national parks were screened to avoid negative impacts on
eco-sensitive areas to arrive at a
length of 3,411 km of roads for DPRs under KSHIP-II.
The scope of the environmental study during the DPR stage
includes screening, scoping, preparation
of an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environmental
Management Plan reports as per
the guidelines of the Ministry of Environment and Forests
(MoEF), Government of India (GoI) and
meet the requirements of Operational Policy 4.01of World
Bank.
EIA notification, 2006 by MOEF, GoI covers expansion of state
highways greater than 30km,
involving additional right of way > than 20m involving land
acquisition and necessitates
preparation of EIA and EMP. Further, the WB OP 4.01 stipulates
need for EA and EMP
under WB financing. In line with these guidelines separate
Environmental Impact Assessment
reports have been prepared for EPC and Annuity packages
including link wise Environmental
Management Plans.
E.4 Description of Project:
E.4.1 Description of Project corridors:
The corridors selected for improvement under EPC and Annuity are
spread across the State of
Karnataka along with distance from nearest notified protected
area are presented in the Table E-1
below. The locations of proposed project roads with respect to
the notified National Parks and
Wildlife Sanctuaries are shown in Figure E-1.
Table E-1: Details of proposed project roads under EPC and
Annuity
Contract
Package
Link
ID Description of Link
Districts
traversed
Distance from
nearest notified
Protected Area
(km)
Link
length
(km)
Contract
Package
Length
(km)
EPC Package
WEP-1 67A Hoskote – H Cross (Hindgnala
Cross)
Bangalore
(R) & Kolar
30 km from
Bannerughatta
NP
23.50
52.40
67B H Cross - Chinatmani Bypass Kolar
55 km from
Bannerughatta
NP
28.90
WEP-2 M7D Hangal - Tadasa Haveri
35 km from
Gudavi bird
Sanctuary
43.46
74.26
T8 Haveri (NH4) - Hangal Haveri
35 km from
Ranebennur
Blackbuck
Sanctuary
31.80
WEP-3 21B Dharwad - Saundatti Belgaum &
Dharwad
45 km from
Dandeli WS 38.50 38.50
WEP-4 13A Tinthni - Devadurga Raichur > 100 km from 32.45
73.80
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Daroji Sloth bear
Sanctuary
13B Devadurga - Kalmala Raichur
> 100 km from
Daroji Sloth bear
Sanctuary
41.35
WEP-5 6C Chowdapur - Gulbarga Gulbarga
> 200 km from
Daroji Sloth bear
Sanctuary
28.63 28.63
Total length (km) 268.59
Annuity Package
WAP 1
63A Malavalli – Maddur Mandya 40 km from
Ranganathittu BS 22.803
192.368
63B Maddur – Huliyurdurga Mandya &
Tumkur
45 km from
Ranganathittu BS 27.531
63C Huliyurdurga – Kunigal Tumkur 30 km from
Adichunchanagiri
sanctuary
21.113
63D Kunigal – Tumkur Tumkur 30 km from
Adichunchanagiri
sanctuary
35.017
63E Tumkur – Kortagere Tumkur 60 km from
Adichunchanagiri
sanctuary
27.897
64F Koratagere – Madhugiri Tumkur 75 km from
Adichunchanagiri
sanctuary
20.027
64G Madhugiri – Pavagada Tumkur 90 km from
Adichunchanagiri
sanctuary
37.980
WAP 2
19A Mudhol – Mahalingapura Bagalkot 40 km from
Ghataprabha BS 19.170
107.937
19B Mahalingapura – Kabbur Bagalkot &
Belgaum
15 km from
Ghataprabha BS 42.344
19C Kabbur - Chikodi Belgaum 15 km from
Ghataprabha BS 18.414
19D Chikodi - (NH-4 cross) Nippani Belgaum 30 km from
Ghataprabha BS 23.897
19D Nippani to Maharashtra border Belgaum 04.112
WAP 3
T21 Shikaripura - Anandapuram (on
NH-206) Shimoga
13 km from
Shettihalli WS 32.241
153.665
M7A Shimoga – Shikaripura Shimoga &
Davanagere
7 km from
Shettihalli WS 49.795
M7B Shikaripura – Anavatti Shimoga 15 km from
Gudavi BS 45.414
M7C Anavatti – Hanagal Shimoga &
Haveri
15 km from
Gudavi BS 26.215
WAP 4
10A Managuli - Basavana Bagewadi -
Talikota Bijapur
> 100 km from
Ghataprabha BS 61.300
109.953
10B Talikota - Hunasagi - Devapur Bijapur &
Gulbarga
> 100 km from
Daroji Sloth Bear
Sanctuary
48.653
Total length (km) 563.923
Note: NP – National Park; WS - Wildlife Sanctuary; BS - Bird
Sanctuary.
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Figure E-1: Map showing proposed project road locations with
respect to notified National Parks and
Wildlife Sanctuaries.
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E.4.2 Typical road cross-section types adopted:
Based on the analysis of the primary and secondary data on these
road links and comparing various
alternatives to avoid, mitigate and compensate the adverse
impact on environment and safety for road
users, cross sections presented in Table E-2 have been evolved
and recommended in the EMP. Two
different categories of cross-sections have been used in the
design - rural cross-sections and urban
cross-sections. The table below includes various cross sections
proposed for the project roads.
Table E-2: Typical Road Cross-sections used in designing project
roads
C/S-
Type Description
Carriageway
width (m)
Paved
shoulder (m)
Unpaved
shoulder
(m)
Remarks Contract Package
UR1A Rural cross-section 7.00 1.50m both
sides
1.00m
both sides
WEP 1, 2,3,4 & 5
WAP 1, 2, 3 & 4
UR1B Rural cross-section 7.00 Nil 2.50m
both sides
WAP 2, 3 & 4
UR2 Rural cross-section
(through village)
7.00 Varies 2.50m
to 4.50m both
sides
Nil. For parking/
stopping/ bus
bays/ bicycles
WAP 1& 4
UR3 Urban cross-
section in built-up
area (with covered
drain)
7.00 Varies 2.50m
to 4.50m both
sides
Nil 2.0m footpath/
covered drain
on both sides.
WEP 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5
WAP 1, 2, 3 & 4
UR4 Urban dual lane
cross-section in
built-up area (with
covered drain)
Dual 7.50m
with central
median
1.20m
Nil Nil 2.0m footpath/
covered drain
on both sides.
WEP 1 & 2
WAP 1, 2, 3 & 4
UR4A Urban dual lane
cross-section in
built-up area (with
covered drain)
Dual 6.50m
with central
median 0.4m
Nil Nil 2.0m footpath/
covered drain
on both sides.
WEP 1, 2 & 4
WAP 1, 2, 3 & 4
UR4B Urban dual lane
cross-section in
built-up area (with
covered drain)
Dual 6.50m
with central
median 0.4m
Nil 1.5m both
sides
WAP 4
UR4C Urban dual lane
cross-section in
built-up area (with
covered drain)
Dual 6.50m
with central
median 0.6m
Nil Nil 1.0m footpath/
covered drain
on both sides.
WAP 4
UR5 Rural cross-section
in sugarcane belt
7.00 2.50m both
sides
1.0m both
sides
WAP 1
UR6 Rural cross-section
in hilly terrain
7.00 1.00m both
sides
Nil V-type lined
drain on both
sides.
WAP 1
UR7 Rural cross-section
in cutting
7.00 1.50m both
paved with
flexible
pavement and
1.0m both
sides with
ICPB
Nil V-type lined
drain on both
sides.
WEP 4
WAP 1 & 3
UR8 Urban cross-
section with
parking bays
7.00 2.50m both
sides
Nil 6m parking
bays on either
sides
WAP 2
UR9 Rigid pavement
rural cross-section
(through village)
7.00 Varies 2.50m
to 4.50m both
sides
Nil RCC uncovered
drains on both
sides
WEP 1, 2 & 4
WAP 1, 2 & 3
UR10 Rural cross-section
in hilly terrain
7.00 1.50m both
sides
1.00m
both sides
Open V-type
drain in cutting
side and W-
beam crash
barrier in valley
WEP 5
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C/S-
Type Description
Carriageway
width (m)
Paved
shoulder (m)
Unpaved
shoulder
(m)
Remarks Contract Package
side.
UR11 Rural cross-section
at bridge approach
7.00 Nil 2.50m
both sides
Provision of
retaining wall
to reduce the
toe width.
WEP 5
UR12 Rural cross-section
with lime
stabilization
technique
7.00 Nil 2.50m
both sides
WEP 4
UR13 Rural cross-section
with retaining wall
on both side
7.00 Nil Nil Provision of
retaining wall
to reduce the
toe width on
both the sides
WEP 3
UR14 Urban cross-
section with
overlay
7.00 Nil Nil Lined cover
drain in both
the sides.
WAP 1
UR15 Rural cross-section 7.00 1.50m both
sides
1.00m
both sides
Lined
uncovered
drains on both
sides (V-Type)
WAP 1
UR16 Rural cross-section 7.00 1.50m both
sides
1.00m
both sides
Retaining wall
and open drain
proposed in
tank bund area.
WAP 1
UR17 Urban dual lane
cross-section in
built-up area (with
un covered drain)
Dual 7.50m
with central
median 1.2m
Nil 1.00m
both sides
Retaining wall
and open drain
in the built up
area.
WAP 3
UR18 Rural cross-section
in lake location
7.00 Nil 2.50m
both sides
Retaining wall
in the lake side.
The cross-sectional details adopted are consistent with IRC
guidelines.
E.4.3 Design speed:
Design speeds have been selected in compliance with the relevant
IRC Guidelines. A
minimum design speed of 80 kph is considered for the project
roads in line with the type of
terrain traversed. However, a target design speed of 100 kph has
been adopted for all rural
sections in plain terrain. In village areas/built up areas, a
posted speed of 50 kph has been
adopted from safety considerations.
E.4.4 Re-alignments/ Horizontal curve improvements:
Re-alignments are generally considered to avoid stretches of
road that have significant constraints on
improvement – such as heavily built up areas with restricted
width where the R&R costs would be
very high. There are 3 major re-alignments required on these
roads. Also, to provide for safe
operation, minor re-alignments were carried out at sharp curves
with inadequate sight distance, in
line with geometrical standards as set out in IRC
guidelines.
Table E-3: Details of minor realignments along the project
roads
Link ID. Start Chainage End Chainage Length of
realignment (m)
EPC road links
67A 1.250 1.600 350
67B No realignments
M7D 3.980 4.020 40
13.660 13.850 190
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Link ID. Start Chainage End Chainage Length of
realignment (m)
17.980 18.460 480
42.200 42.339 139
T8
6.920 7.040 120
7.550 7.720 170
11.540 11.620 80
21B 8.820 8.950 130
31.700 31.950 250
13A
0.720 0.800 80
1.350 1.520 170
8.670 8.900 230
13B No realignments
6C
9.900 10.280 380
18.560 19.070 510
23.180 23.200 20
Annuity road links
63A
1150 1250 100
13980 14180 200
18610 18700 90
63B 21860 21950 90
63C
2500 2700 200
4520 4620 100
6400 6720 320
9800 10000 200
63D
12950 13100 150
21500 21850 350
28240 28340 100
33240 33280 40
33920 34050 130
63E
900 1170 270
14720 14820 100
16920 17320 400
19580 20120 540
64F
10250 10600 350
11520 11740 220
12870 13430 560
13600 13920 320
11420 14540 120
64G
1510 1850 340
2350 2630 280
3180 3260 80
17970 18130 160
18730 19040 310
20340 20460 120
24950 25460 510
25680 26040 360
44640 45380 740
51720 51820 100
19B
3590 3860 270
9460 9890 430
12420 12660 240
13410 13960 550
17800 18160 360
29700 30170 470
37740 38050 310
41260 41400 140
19C 690 810 120
1020 1170 150
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Link ID. Start Chainage End Chainage Length of
realignment (m)
10360 10560 200
14490 14810 320
19D
2930 3630 700
7740 8500 760
11860 12220 360
17950 18180 230
21500 21770 270
T21
4180 4300 120
8720 8860 140
12765 13050 285
22800 22930 130
29800 30200 400
31200 31520 320
M7A 32150 32350 200
32510 32710 200
M7B
2580 2800 220
3370 3630 260
4000 4700 700
14080 14730 650
20700 20820 120
24770 25100 330
25500 25800 300
30550 30800 250
36900 37400 500
38700 38900 200
41000 41200 200
M7C
10140 10260 120
22770 22930 160
23150 23260 110
10A 25920 26200 280
29840 30130 290
10B 32150 32350 200
32510 32710 200
Table E-4: Details of major realignments along the project
roads
Link ID. Start Chainage End Chainage Length of
realignment (m)
Realignment
location
63B 23.600 27.300 3700 Huliyurdurga
63E 22.635 27.200 4565 Koratagere
64F 14.900 22.627 7727 Madhugiri
E.4.5 Major and minor junctions:
In order to carryout geometric improvement at junctions, it was
decided to categorise them
under Major junctions and Minor junctions. Major junctions
involved are those with NHs,
SHs and MDRs that carry higher traffic volumes. Village roads
and other roads with lower
traffic volumes were typically considered under minor junctions.
The number of junctions
identified for improvement is presented in the table below. The
improvements would provide
for higher capacity and safe operation.
Table E-5: Number of Major/Minor junctions identified for
improvement
Link
ID Description
No. of Junctions
Major Minor
EPC project roads
67A Hoskote - Hindgnala Cross 5 15
67B Hindgnala Cross - Chintamani Bypass 4 21
M7D Hangal – Tadasa 6 17
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Link
ID Description
No. of Junctions
Major Minor
T8 Haveri (NH4) - Hangal 4 20
21B Dharwad - Saundatti 2 16
13A Tinthni - Chinchodi - Jalhalli - Karegud - Devadurga 2 6
13B Devadurga - Masarkal - Gabbur - Kalmala 4 8
6C Chowdapur - Gulburga 1 12
Total 28 115
Annuity project roads
63A Malavalli – Maddur 1 26
63B Maddur – Huliyurdurga 2 27
63C Huliyurdurga – Kunigal 1 15
63D Kunigal – Tumkur 3 31
63E Tumkur – Kortagere 4 26
64F Koratagere – Madhugiri 2 17
64G Madhugiri – Pavagada 1 29
19A Mudhol – Mahalingapura 2 8
19B Mahalingapura – Kabbur 5 19
19C Kabbur - Chikodi 4 3
19D Chikodi - (NH-4 cross) Nippani 3 13
19D Nippani to Maharashtra border 0 2
T21 Shikaripura - Anandapuram (on NH-206) 0 11
M7A Shimoga – Shikaripura 3 21
M7B Shikaripura – Anavatti 5 20
M7C Anavatti – Hanagal 3 13
10A Managuli - Basavana Bagewadi - Talikota 6 17
10B Talikota - Hunasagi - Devapur 5 14
Total 50
E.4.6 Treatment of Culverts and Bridges
The treatment proposals for culverts, depending on their
condition, include maintenance, widening,
increasing the vent size, replacement of structurally distressed
culverts and replacement of bridges by
culverts. The treatment proposals for culverts are summarized in
the Table E-6 below.
Table E-6: Treatment proposals for Culverts along project
roads
Co
ntr
act
Pa
cka
ge
Lin
k R
ef
Description of Link
Treatment Proposals
Total
Do
No
thin
g
Ma
inte
na
nce
Wid
enin
g
Rep
lace
men
t o
f su
per
stru
ctu
re
Rep
lace
men
t w
ith
la
rger
dia
met
er
pip
e
Rep
lace
men
t o
f d
istr
esse
d c
ulv
erts
Rep
lace
men
t d
ue
to c
han
ge
in
Ali
gn
men
t (H
A /
VA
)
Ad
dit
ion
al
culv
erts
/ C
ulv
erts
pro
po
sed
on
By
pa
ss
Ab
an
do
n
EPC project roads
WEP-1 67A Hoskote - H Cross
(Hindgnala Cross) - 7 2 - 1 8 1 2 - 21
67B H Cross - Chinatmani Bypass - 2 2 - 3 21 1 4 - 33
WEP-2 M7D Hangal - Tadasa - 4 18 - 53 10 2 4 3 94
T8 Haveri (NH4) - Hangal 3 9 9 - 15 29 2 - - 67
WEP-3 21B Dharwad - Saundatti - 3 5 - 1 18 4 10 - 41
WEP-4 13A Tinthni - Devadurga - 6 7 - 21 14 1 3 - 52
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13B Devadurga - Kalmala - 14 1 - 8 20 5 2 - 50
WEP-5 6C Chowdapur - Gulbarga - 1 4 - 5 26 1 3 1 41
Total 3 46 48 0 107 146 17 28 4 399
Annuity project roads
WAP 1
63A Malavalli – Maddur - 10 10 - 5 14 8 - 2 49
63B Maddur – Huliyurdurga - 5 12 - 13 11 2 9 3 55
63C Huliyurdurga – Kunigal - 4 2 - 13 14 5 - - 38
63D Kunigal – Tumkur 2 1 9 - 6 35 4 2 - 59
63E Tumkur – Kortagere - 12 4 - 8 15 9 9 2 59
64F Koratagere – Madhugiri - 2 1 - 4 28 - 16 - 51
64G Madhugiri – Pavagada - 17 9 - 2 59 4 2 - 93
WAP 2
19A Mudhol – Mahalingapura - - 2 - 21 24 - - - 47
19B Mahalingapura – Kabbur - 1 4 - 23 36 2 - - 66
19C Kabbur - Chikodi - - - - 8 28 - - - 36
19D Chikodi - (NH-4 cross)
Nippani - 3 5 - 9 28 2 - 6 53
WAP 3
T21 Shikaripura -
Anandapuram ( NH-206) - 6 13 - 23 20 9 1 - 72
M7A Shimoga – Shikaripura - 15 37 - 17 32 9 1 - 111
M7B Shikaripura – Anavatti - 5 18 - 42 24 5 1 - 95
M7C Anavatti – Hanagal - 5 4 - 15 9 1 7 - 41
WAP 4
10A Managuli - Basavana
Bagewadi - Talikota - 5 11 - 2 33 1 4 - 56
10B Talikota - Hunasagi -
Devapur - 10 3 - 23 23 - 3 - 62
2 101 144 0 234 433 61 55 13 1043
A summary of the proposals for the bridges is given in the Table
E-7 below. The 3 major bridges in
the EPC packages are 138 m long Varada River bridge on link T8,
128 m long Hirehalla bridge on
link 13A, and a 60 m bridge on link 6C. There are 3 major
bridges in Annuity packages as well. A
major bridge having a length of 162 m is proposed at Kunigal
tank on road link 63D and two major
bridges each having of length of 63 m across road link 63E.
Table E-7: Treatment proposals for Bridges along project
roads
Co
ntr
act
Pa
cka
ge
Lin
k R
ef
Description of Link
New Bridges
Rep
lace
men
t o
f
Su
per
stru
ctu
re
Wid
enin
g
Ma
inte
na
nce
Do
No
thin
g
Co
nv
erte
d t
o
Cu
lver
ts
Total
6m
to
30m
30m
to 6
0m
> 6
0m
EPC project roads WEP-1 67A Hoskote - H Cross (Hindgnala Cross)
2 - - - - 5 - - 7
67B H Cross - Chinatmani Bypass 6 - - - - 6 - - 12
WEP-2 M7D Hangal - Tadasa 1 1 - - - - - - 2
T8 Haveri (NH4) - Hangal - - 1 - - - - - 1
WEP-3 21B Dharwad - Saundatti 4 2 - - 1 1 - 1 9
WEP-4 13A Tinthni - Devadurga 12 2 1 - 2 - - 3 20
13B Devadurga - Kalmala 6 2 - 2 11 - 4 25
WEP-5 6C Chowdapur - Gulbarga 5 - 1 - - 1 - - 7
Total 36 7 3 0 5 24 0 8 83
Annuity project roads
WAP 1
63A Malavalli – Maddur 1 - - - - 4 - - 5 63B Maddur –
Huliyurdurga - - - - 3 2 - - 5 63C Huliyurdurga – Kunigal - - - - -
4 - - 4
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Co
ntr
act
Pa
cka
ge
Lin
k R
ef
Description of Link
New Bridges
Rep
lace
men
t o
f
Su
per
stru
ctu
re
Wid
enin
g
Ma
inte
na
nce
Do
No
thin
g
Co
nv
erte
d t
o
Cu
lver
ts
Total
6m
to
30m
30m
to 6
0m
> 6
0m
63D Kunigal – Tumkur 2 - 1 - 1 7 - - 11 63E Tumkur – Kortagere 4
- 2 - 3 7 - - 16 64F Koratagere – Madhugiri 5 2 - 1 - 2 - - 10 64G
Madhugiri – Pavagada 8 2 - 4 2 9 - - 25
WAP 2
19A Mudhol – Mahalingapura 4 3 - - - - - - 7
19B Mahalingapura – Kabbur 11 4 - - - 1 - 2 18
19C Kabbur - Chikodi 2 1 - - - 1 - - 4 19D Chikodi - (NH-4
cross) Nippani 12 - - - - - 2 - 14
WAP 3
T21 Shikaripura - Anandapuram (on NH-
206) 2 - - - - 3 1 - 6
M7A Shimoga – Shikaripura 4 - - - - 2 2 - 8
M7B Shikaripura – Anavatti 5 - - - 1 - 5 - 11
M7C Anavatti – Hanagal 1 - - - - 3 - - 4
WAP 4 10A
Managuli - Basavana Bagewadi -
Talikota 5 1 - - 3 4 - 3 16
10B Talikota - Hunasagi - Devapur 10 4 - - - 1 - 1 16
76 17 3 5 13 50 10 6 180
Other details of the project discussed under this section
include, present and projected traffic details
by vehicle type pertaining to the project roads; road
construction materials such as rock, gravel, sand,
embankment fill, asphalt; the major material sources for
aggregates, murrum and sand in the project
area; etc,.
E.4.7 Road Furniture and Road Safety Measures
Road furniture and safety measures include road markings,
cautionary, mandatory and informatory
signs, kilometer stones, hectometer stones and boundary stones,
delineators and object markers, guard
posts and crash barriers, road humps & rumble strips,
Reflective Pavement Markers (RPM) and
chevron signs, median barriers, bus bays and truck lay byes.
Table E-8 below gives the number of bus
bays provided on each of the proposed project roads.
Table E-8: No. of Bus Bays proposed for project roads
Contract
Package
Link
ID Description
Number of Bus
Bays
LHS RHS
EPC project roads
WEP1 67A Hoskote - Hindgnala Cross 6 6
67B Hindgnala Cross - Chintamani Bypass 5 5
WEP2 M7D Hangal – Tadasa 12 12
T8 Haveri (NH4) – Hangal 3 5
WEP3 21B Dharwad – Saundatti 2 2
WEP4 13A Tinthni - Chinchodi - Jalhalli - Karegud – Devadurga 8
8
13B Devadurga - Masarkal - Gabbur - Kalmala 7 8
WEP5 6C Chowdapur – Gulburga 3 3
Total 46 49
Annuity project roads
WAP 1 63A Malavalli – Maddur 1 1
63B Maddur – Huliyurdurga 5 5
63C Huliyurdurga – Kunigal 6 6
63D Kunigal – Tumkur 11 11
63E Tumkur – Kortagere 9 9
64F Koratagere – Madhugiri 4 4
64G Madhugiri – Pavagada 8 8
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Contract
Package
Link
ID Description
Number of Bus
Bays
LHS RHS
WAP 2 19A Mudhol – Mahalingapura 2 2
19B Mahalingapura – Kabbur 7 7
19C Kabbur - Chikodi 3 2
19D Chikodi - (NH-4 cross) Nippani 9 9
WAP 3 T21 Shikaripura - Anandapuram (on NH-206) 8 8
M7A Shimoga – Shikaripura 3 3
M7B Shikaripura – Anavatti 7 7
M7C Anavatti – Hanagal 8 8
WAP 4 10A Managuli - Basavana Bagewadi - Talikota 10 10
10B Talikota - Hunasagi – Devapur 12 12
Total 113 112
E.5 Key Environmental Laws & Policies:
The Constitutional Provisions like Article 48 and 51-A (g) and
74th Amendment to the Constitution
serve as principle guidelines of environmental protection.
Further Regulations, Acts, Policies
applicable to sustainability and environmental protection as
listed in chapter 3 of EIA report have
been reviewed for their applicability. Guidelines and norms
related to road construction by Indian
Road Congress that help for environmental protection include,
IRC: 104-1988, IRC: 36-1974, IRC:
10-1961, IRC: 36-1970, IRC: 43-1972, IRC: 72-1978, IRC: 33-1982,
etc.
EIA Notification of September 20063 - As per the Notification,
it is necessary to take prior
Environmental clearance for the road expansion projects from
Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) for
Category „A‟4 projects and State Environmental Appraisal
Committee (SEAC) for Category „B‟
5
projects. Interpretation and applicability of the EIA
Notification dated 14th September 2006, for EPC
and annuity road links is as follows. Proposed road links have
been grouped as follows with respect to
prior Environmental clearance under EIA Notification, 2006.
Group I: Expansion of State Highways having length > 30 km
length and located within 10 km
distance from the boundary of Protected Areas notified under the
Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 and
interstate boundaries are grouped under Category „A‟. These
projects require prior environmental
clearance from the Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC).
Link ID Description of the links Length in km Remarks
64G Madhugiri - Pavagada 35.80 AP Border
M7A Shimoga – Shikaripura 50.10 Shettihalli wildlife
sanctuary
3 EIA Notification of September 2006
3 under sub-rule (3) of rule 5 of the Environment (Protection)
Rules, 1986
for imposing certain restrictions and prohibitions on new
projects or activities, or on the expansion or
modernization of existing projects or activities based on their
potential environmental impacts as indicated in the
schedule to the notification.
4 Category „A‟ projects - All projects or activities included as
Category „A‟ in the Schedule, including expansion
and modernization of existing projects or activities and change
in product mix, shall require prior environmental
clearance from the Central Government in the Ministry of
Environment and Forests (MoEF) on the
recommendations of an Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) to be
constituted by the Central Government for the
purposes of this notification.
5 Category „B‟ projects - All projects or activities included as
Category „B‟ in the Schedule, including expansion
and modernization of existing projects or activities as
specified in sub paragraph (ii) of paragraph 2, or change
in product mix as specified in sub paragraph (iii) of paragraph
2, but excluding those which fulfill the General
Conditions (GC) stipulated in the Schedule, will require prior
environmental clearance from the State/Union
territory Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA). The
SEIAA shall base its decision on the
recommendations of a State or Union territory level Expert
Appraisal Committee (SEAC) as to be constituted
for in this notification. In the absence of a duly constituted
SEIAA or SEAC, a Category „B‟ project shall be
treated as a Category „A‟ project
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Group II: Expansion of State Highways greater than 30 km
involving additional right of way
greater than 20m involving land acquisition are grouped under
Category „B‟. These projects
require prior environmental clearance from the State
Environmental Impact Assessment Authority
(SEIAA).
Link ID Description of the links Length in km
M7D Hangal – Tadasa 43.46
T8 Haveri (NH-4) – Hangal 31.80
21B Dharwad – Saundatti 38.50
13A Thinthini – Chinchodi – Jalhalli – Karegud – Devadurga
32.45
13B Devadurga – Masarkal – Gabbur – Kalmala 41.35
63D Kunigal – Tumkur 35.20
19B Mahalingapura – Kabbur 42.27
T21 Shikaripura – Anandapuram (on NH-206) 32.20
M7B Shikaripura – Anavatti 46.00
10A Managuli - Basavana Bagewadi - Talikota 61.04
10B Talikota - Hunasagi – Devapur 48.56
Group III: Project roads having length < 30 km are not under
the purview of EIA Notification 14th
September 2006.
Link ID. Description of the links Length in km
67A Hoskote - H (Hindgnala) Cross 23.50
67B H Cross - Chinatmani bypass 28.90
6C Chowdapur – Gulbarga 28.63
63A Malavalli – Maddur 22.80
63B Maddur – Huliyurdurga 27.50
63C Huliyurdurga – Kunigal 21.10
63E Tumkur – Koratagere 27.90
64F Koratagere – Madhugiri 20.00
19A Mudhol – Mahalingapura 19.06
19C Kabbur – Chikodi 18.38
19D Chikkodi - Nippani (NH4) 23.90
M7C Anavatti Hanagal 26.30
However, recent amendment (dated November, 2009) to EIA
Notification, 2006 states that “All state
highway projects; and state highway expansion projects in hilly
terrine (above 1,000 m AMSL) and or
ecologically sensitive areas” require pre environmental
clearances from EAC for Category „A‟
projects and from SEAC for Category „B‟ projects.
E.5.1 Clearances required for the project:
After reviewing the various applicable acts and statutes, as
mentioned above, it is proposed that
clearances and permission are required for corridors of the
project. A summary of clearances required
for the proposed projects is shown in the Table E-9.
Table E-9: Clearances required for the proposed project
roads
Sl.
No. Subject
Authority
granting
clearance
When
required
Corridors
requiring
clearances
Responsibility and Status
of Clearance
1 Prior environmental
clearance
Karnataka State
Environmental
Appraisal
Committee
Before
Construction
M7D, T8, 21B,
13A & 13B
(EPC) 63D,
19B, T21,
M7B, 10A &
10B (Annuity).
KSHIP‟s responsibility
Environmental clearance
has given vide letter no.
SEIAA/80/ind/2008 dated
18.11.2008 and
SEIAA/7/ind/2009 dated
01.10.2009.
MoEF, New Delhi Before
Construction
64G & M7A
(Annuity)
Environmental clearance
has given vide letter no. 5-
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Sl.
No. Subject
Authority
granting
clearance
When
required
Corridors
requiring
clearances
Responsibility and Status
of Clearance
13/2008-IA-III dated
13.01.2009 and letter no 5-
6/2009-IA.III dated
22.01.2010.
2 Forest Clearance Karnataka State
Forest
Department.
Before
Construction
67A, 13A &
M7D (EPC)
63C, T21, M7A
& M7B
(Annuity)
KSHIP‟s responsibility
Applications for forest land
diversion – submitted.
3 Cutting tress and
transporting
Department of
Forests.
Before
Cutting
All road links. KSHIP‟s responsibility
Application for tree cutting
clearance has been
submitted for EPC road
links and is in progress for
Annuity road links.
4 Consent for
Establishment
(under Water
(Control and
prevention of
pollution) Act and
Air (Control and
prevention of
pollution) Act)
Karnataka State
Pollution Control
Board (KSPCB),
Bangalore
Before
Construction
All road links. KSHIP‟s responsibility
Consents have been
obtained vide letter no.
PCB/439/CFE/08/H.551
dated 22.07.2008 and vide
letter no.
PCB/05/CNP/09/558 dated
29.01.2010.
5 Permit for
installation of
crusher
KSPCB Before
Construction
All road links. Contractor‟s responsibility.
6 No Objection
Certificate (NOC)
for batching plant
KSPCB, inspector
of Factories.
Before &
during
construction.
All road links. Contractor‟s responsibility.
7 Asphalt Plant
Clearance
KSPCB Before
Construction
All road links. Contractor‟s responsibility.
8 Traffic
Management and
regulation during
operation
Police Department During
Construction
All road links. Contractor‟s responsibility.
9 Installation of
Generators
Karnataka
Electricity
company of
respective regions
Before
Installation
All road links Contractor‟s responsibility.
10 Clearance for
excavation &
transporting soil
Department of
Mines / Local
Bodies
Before
Quarrying
All road links. Contractor‟s responsibility.
11 Permission for
extraction of sand
and boulder
Department of
Mines &
Geology.
Government of
Karnataka
Before
Quarrying
All road links. If the extraction of boulder
is being procured from the
existing quarry/supplier, it
shall be ensured that,
requisite license/ lease has
been obtained from the
concerned Authority.
12 License for storing
diesel
Commissioner of
Explosives &
KSPCB
During
Construction
All road links. Contractor‟s responsibility.
13 Labour camps District Health
Officer
During
Construction
All road links. Contractor‟s responsibility.
14 Clearance for
crossing other
waterways
Irrigation
Department, GoK.
During
Construction
T8 Contractor‟s responsibility.
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Sl.
No. Subject
Authority
granting
clearance
When
required
Corridors
requiring
clearances
Responsibility and Status
of Clearance
15 If water has to be
taken from river /
Reservoir
Irrigation
Department, GoK.
During
Construction
Where ever the
necessity arises.
Contractor‟s responsibility.
E.6 Description of baseline environment:
Information on baseline environment was collected from secondary
source of data for the macro
environmental parameters like climate, physiography (Geology and
geomorphology), biological and
socio-economic environment of the project influence area. The
micro-environmental details within the
Corridor of Impact (CoI) have been collected from Primary source
of data such as base maps prepared
by reconnaissance survey, extrapolation of environmental
features on the proposed design, tree
enumeration, Analysis for environmental parameters such as Air,
Water, Noise and Soil quality on the
project road.
The proposed road links proposed for improvements are spread
across the state of Karnataka. Road
links 6C, 21B, 19A, 19B, 19C & 19D are on the Northern
Karnataka Plateau; road links 10A, 10B,
13A, 13B, T8, M7D, T21, M7A, M7B & M7C are on the Central
Karnataka Plateau and road links
67A, 67B, 63A, 63B, 63C, 63D, 63E, 64F and 64G are on the
Southern Karnataka Plateau.
Topography of the project areas varies from mixture of flat to
undulating terrain to gently undulating
terrain with residual hills.
The mean maximum temperature of the project area varies from
36.48 0C to 44.62
0C and mean
minimum temperature from 9.73 0C to 12.58
0C. The annual normal rainfall of the project area varies
from 383 mm to 821 mm.
Air quality, noise levels, water quality and soil
characteristics for the proposed project roads have
been monitored at representative locations.
Proposed project road links 6C, 13A, 13B, 21B, 19A, 19B, 19C,
19D, 10A and 10B are distributed in
the Krishna river basin; links M7D, T8, T21, M7A, M7B and M7C
are distributed in the Tungabhadra
river basin; road links 63A, 63B, 63C and 63D are distributed
over the Kaveri river basin and road
links 67A, 67B, 63E, 64F and 64G are distributed over the
Penneru and Palar river basins of
Karnataka state. The water contours and ground water yields in
the project area varies from 400 – 500
(6C) to 800 - 1000 (67B) m above MSL and
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and oil seeds and major part of corridor 19 is through black
cotton soils suitable for growing wheat,
tobacco, pulses, oil seeds and sugar cane.
The project road links 67A, M7D, T8, 63C, M7A, M7B and T21
requires some forest land diversion.
None of the project roads pass through the protected areas such
as National Parks and Wildlife
Sanctuaries. Details of EPC and Annuity project roads along with
distance from nearest notified
protected area are presented in Table E-1.
The project roads run mainly through cultivable land growing
verities of crops connecting many
human habitations such as villages and towns. Public
institutions like schools, hospitals, banks,
religious, community and commercial structures are located along
the road side which facilitates the
general public with good service. Some of the major urban
settlements with commercial activities
along the proposed project corridors are Hosakote, Hanagal,
Haveri, Dharwad, Saundatti, Devadurga,
Gulbarga, Malavalli, Maddur, Kunigal, Tumkur, Madhugiri, Mudhol,
Chikkodi, Shimoga, Shikaripura
and Talikota. The basic features of demography along the study
corridors have been studied
and indicated in the report. The figures of 2001 census of
population have been used.
E.7 Stakeholder Consultation:
Consultations during pre-feasibility, feasibility and
environmental assessment stage have been
conducted with the objective of involving local communities in
the project planning (participatory
planning). The follow up consultations have been held at project
roads as a part of disclosure to
highlight the salient features of the project. The stakeholders
of the project included affected
communities (within the corridor of impact) and other
institutional stakeholders. The details of public
consultations are presented in the Table E-10.
Table E-10: Details of Public consultation meetings
Link
ID
Description of
link Details of consultation meetings Details of follow-up
consultations
Annuity project roads
67A Hoskote – H
Cross (Hindgnala
cross)
Date: 18.01.2008; Place: Hindgnala;
No. of Participants: 43, covering 8
villages.
Date: 14-7-2010 ; Place: Hindignal
No. of Participants: 75
67B H Cross -
Chintamani
Bypass
Date: 18.01.2008; Place:
Perumanchanahalli;
No. of Participants: 39, covering 15
villages.
T8 Haveri – Hanagal Date: 20.12.2007; Place: Adur;
No. of Participants: 65, covering 8
villages.
Date: 06-7-2010 ; Place: Hangal
town
No. of Participants: 60
M7D Anavatti –
Hanagal – Tadas
Date: 13-01-2009; Place: Hanagal;
No. of Participants: 185, covering 15
villages.
21B Dharwad –
Saundatti
Date: 23.01.2008 ; Place: Aminabhavi;
No. of Participants: 121, covering 5
villages.
Date: 07-7-2010 ; Place:
Aminbhavi village No. of
Participants: 65
13A Thinthini Bridge
– Devadurga
Date: 13.11.2008; Place: Jalahalli;
No. of Participants: 31, covering 8
villages..
Date: 08-7-2010 ; Place: Deodurga
town
No. of Participants: 34
13B Devadurga -
Kalmal cross
Date: 14.11.2008 ; Place: Masarkal;
No. of Participants: 20, covering 8
villages.
6C Chowdapur –
Gulbarga
Date: 31.12.2007; Place: Sharan
Sirasangi;
No. of Participants: 62, covering 4
villages.
Date: 09-7-2010 ; Place: Gabbur B
village
No. of Participants: 53
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Link
ID
Description of
link Details of consultation meetings Details of follow-up
consultations
Annuity project roads
63A Malavalli-
Maddur
Date: 20.02.2008; Place: K M Doddi;
No. of Participants: 31, covering 6
villages.
Follow up consultations will be
conducted prior to the start of
construction of annuity project roads.
63B Maddur-
Huliyurdurga
Date: 20.02.2008; Place:
Mallankuppe;
No. of Participants: 113, covering 10
villages.
Follow up consultations will be
conducted prior to the start of
construction of annuity project roads.
63C Huliyurdurga-
Kunigal
Date: 19.02.2008; Place: Dodda
Mavathur;
No. of Participants: 57, covering 7
villages.
Follow up consultations will be
conducted prior to the start of
construction of annuity project roads.
63D Kunigal-Tumkur Date: 19.02.2008; Place: Kothagere;
No. of Participants: 91, covering 7
villages.
Follow up consultations will be
conducted prior to the start of
construction of annuity project roads.
63E Tumkur-
Koratagere
Date: 18.02.2008; Place: Beladara;
No. of Participants: 67, covering 6
villages.
Follow up consultations will be
conducted prior to the start of
construction of annuity project roads.
64F Koratgere to
Madhugiri
Date: 18.02.2008; Place:
Keregalapalya;
No. of Participants: 83, covering 4
villages..
Follow up consultations will be
conducted prior to the start of
construction of annuity project roads.
64G Madhugiri to
Pavagada
Date: 18.02.2008; Place: Hoskere;
No. of Participants: 92, covering 12
villages.
Follow up consultations will be
conducted prior to the start of
construction of annuity project roads.
19A Mudhol-
Mahalingapur
Date: 21.11.2008; Place: Ranna
Belagali;
No. of Participants: 53, covering 6
villages.
Follow up consultations will be
conducted prior to the start of
construction of annuity project roads.
19B Mahalingapur-
Kabbur
Date: 21.11.2008; Place: Kankanawadi;
No. of Participants: 58, covering 7
villages.
Follow up consultations will be
conducted prior to the start of
construction of annuity project roads.
19C Kabbur-Chikodi Date: 21.11.2008; Place: Nagar Munnoli
No. of Participants: 32, covering 7
villages.
Follow up consultations will be
conducted prior to the start of
construction of annuity project roads.
19D Chikkodi-(NH 4
Cross) Nippani
Date: 19.12.2007; Place: PAttankudi;
No. of Participants: 113, covering 6
villages.
Follow up consultations will be
conducted prior to the start of
construction of annuity project roads.
T21 Shikaripura-
Anandapuram
(NH 206)
Date: 07.01.2009; Place: Anandapuram;
No. of Participants: 35, covering 8
villages.
Follow up consultations will be
conducted prior to the start of
construction of annuity project roads.
M7A Shimoga –
Shikaripura
Date: 07.01.2009; Place: Shimoga;
No. of Participants: 180, covering 10
villages.
Follow up consultations will be
conducted prior to the start of
construction of annuity project roads.
M7B Shikaripura –
Anavatti
Date: 12. 01.2009; Place: Thogarsi;
No. of Participants: 80, covering 9
villages.
Follow up consultations will be
conducted prior to the construction of
annuity project roads.
M7C Anavatti -
Hanagal
Date: 13.01.2009; Place: Hanagal;
No. of Participants: 185, covering 15
villages.
Follow up consultations will be
conducted prior to the start of
construction of annuity project roads.
10A Managuli-
Basavana
bagewadi-
Talikota
Date: 13.11.2008; Place: Huvina
Hipparagi;
No. of Participants: 25, covering 6
villages.
Follow up consultations will be
conducted prior to the start of
construction of annuity project roads.
10B Talikota-
Hunasagi-
Devapur
Date: 13.11.2008; Place: Hunasagi;
No. of Participants: 25, covering 10
villages.
Follow up consultations will be
conducted prior to the start of
construction of annuity project roads.
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During the consultations, specific suggestions, issues, and
concerns were sought from the local
communities and stakeholders. Some of the issues discussed
during consultation process are provision
for parking areas; public comfort station; bus bays; bypasses
and realignments; drainage; road user
safety; road side (avenue) tree planting; solid noise barriers
to alleviate noise generated from the
traffic near schools and hospitals; provision of foot paths;
speed breakers; sign boards; crash
barriers/parapet; dust control measures; proper compensation
paid to the PAPs; availability of water
for construction; minimizing tree cutting; compensatory tree
plantation and conservation of natural
water sources, etc.
E.8 Analysis of Alternatives:
The objective of this section is to highlight some of the
salient issues considered for exercising
options such as “project with alternative”, “project with
mitigations” and “no project scenario”. The
alignment alternatives of constituent road links were selected
after finalization of these alternatives.
An analysis of various alternatives is attempted to arrive at
the technically and
environmentally best-fit alternative. Alternatives in terms of
realignments, bypasses, different
cross-section types have been considered to avoid the places of
congestion and human settlements,
significant old trees, religious and community assets and
environmentally sensitive areas (forest lands,
erosion prone areas, flood regions, etc). KSHIP is an
upgradation project of existing State Highways.
No new alignments are being proposed except realignments and
bypasses to improve the road
geometrics and avoid congested human settlements. Hence, the
scope for project alternatives in terms
of alignment alternatives is limited. There are no bypasses
proposed along the EPC project roads.
Similarly alternative route analyses for annuity links were
carried. Based on this analysis, three major
shifts in alignments at Huliyardurga (63B), Koratgere (63E) and
Madhugiri (64F) have been
proposed.
E.9 Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation measures:
Some of the significant environmental impacts of proposed road
projects on the natural environment
and nearby communities are discussed in the section. The
identified impacts could be largely
mitigated through engineering designs, good construction
practices accompanied by a site specific
mitigation measures. Largely these mitigation measures have been
made part of civil works contract.
Other mitigation/enhancement measures such construction of solid
and vegetative noise barriers
across sensitive receptors and compensatory avenue tree
plantation have been suggested for
implementation separately by KSHIP and involving other
governmental agencies.
No significant change in the macro-climatic parameters
(precipitation, temperature and wind) is
envisaged due to the project but cutting of roadside trees,
laying of paved surface and other
construction activities temporarily modify the microclimate.
Avenue plantations shall be taken up
under the compensatory plantation programme on either side of
the road to counter the indicated
impacts on the physical environment.
There would be an increase in daytime temperature near the newly
paved surfaces of the road due to
increase in the surface area of blacktop of widened road. This
impact shall be mitigated by planting
rows of avenue plantations.
Surface runoff may be increased due to increase in the paved
surface of the project roads overloading
the existing drainage facilities seldom causing floods at low
lying areas. Raising of embankment
height and improvement of both longitudinal and cross drainage
shall be done to avoid flooding of
flood prone section. Run off water recharge pits shall be
constructed to facilitate the infiltration of
runoff water into the ground.
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Air quality along the project road alignment, major settlement
locations like Hosakote (WEP 1),
Hanagal and Haveri (WEP 2), Dharwad and Saundatti (WEP 3),
Devadurga (WEP 4) and Gulbarga
(WEP 5), Malavalli, Maddur, Kunigal, Tumkur and Madhugiri (WAP
1), Mudhol and Chikkodi
(WAP 2), Shimoga and Shikaripura (WAP 3) Talikota (WAP 4) and at
construction establishments
(batching plants, hot mix plants, crushers, etc) will be
impacted temporarily during construction
activities. To counter the impact on the air quality in the
project area asphalt plants, crushers and
batching plants shall be sited at least 1 km in the downwind
direction from the nearest human
settlement. Vehicles delivering loose and fine materials like
sand and fine aggregates shall be covered
with tarpaulin covers to reduce spills on existing roads. Water
shall be sprayed on earthworks,
temporary haulage and detour roads on a regular basis. The hot
mix plants will be installed with dust
extraction units and cyclones/scrubbers to reduce exhaust
gases.
There will be gradual enhancement of air pollution due to
increase in number of vehicles on the
improved roads. Avenue and median plantation along the road
sides and medians respectively should
help to control dust and fugitive emissions by operating
vehicles from reaching the receptors.
The noise impact due to the project will be of significance both
during construction as well as
operation stages. The community abutting project road and
construction establishments will be
adversely affected by increase in noise level due to operating
equipments and construction activities
of project road. Mitigation measures such as use of enclosures,
walls, installation of mufflers around
noisy equipment; substituting quieter equipment or construction
methods; timing of noisier
construction and demolition activities; providing Personnel
Protective Equipments (PPE) to the
workers; locating construction establishments away from
sensitive receptors; construction of noise
barriers at sensitive receptors; etc shall be taken up to reduce
the impact of noise.
Soil compaction and contamination is envisaged at construction
camps, labour camps, concrete
batching plants, hot mix plants, borrow areas, quarries and
along access roads to these construction
establishments. Soil erosion is anticipated at bridge and
culvert construction sites. As part of
mitigation measures top soil shall be preserved and back filled
after the rehabilitation of
quarry/burrow areas Natural geographical contours and natural
landscape shall be preserved and
maintained. If haulage roads are inevitable on productive
agricultural land, it shall be reclaimed to the
original nature after the completion of construction activity.
All construction establishments such as
construction camps, labour camps, and material storage areas
shall be rehabilitated to the original
condition after the completion of construction work.
The major land use in the project area is agriculture and some
stretches of the project constitutes built
up areas /settlements having active commercial and economic
activity along the roadside. Agricultural
and commercial activities will be disturbed temporarily during
construction phase.
Domestic solid waste from construction and labour camps shall be
segregated into biodegradable and
non biodegradable before being sent to treatment. Biodegradable
wastes are treated by composting
and non biodegradable wastes are either recycled or disposed off
to an authorised land fill site.
Untreated waste water from construction camps and labour camps
will pollute the surface water
bodies. Liquid wastes generated from the construction camps and
labour camps shall be treated to the
prescribed norms before disposal.
There are two tributaries of minor river Tupari (flowing across
21B); two tributaries of major river
Krishna (flowing across 13B) and rivers Dharma and Varada
(flowing across M7D & T8 respectively)
are in the impact zone and river Krishna (near 13A road link) is
in the influence zone EPC corridors.
There are two minor rivers Varada, Dharma (M7C) and river Dona
(10A) in the Impact zone. There
are no major rivers except few canals and other streams in the
influence zone of Annuity corridors.
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These streams might be temporarily impacted during construction
of road embankments, cross
drainage structures and cut and fill activities, by temporary
increase in the silt inflow. These impacts
shall be mitigated by constructing cross drainage structures
during the lean flow periods of summer;
provision for silt traps at regular intervals, especially at
major cross drainage structures to trap the silt
before it reaches the water bodies. Some of the water supply
units adjacent to project road within
proposed ROW will be impacted. Water supply resources such as
bore wells, taps, water cisterns,
pipelines, etc. being impacted shall be relocated before the
construction starts.
Total of 39,607 (EPC - 17,311 and Annuity – 22,296) trees are
impacted due to the project and
aproximately 1,66,502 (EPC - 53,718 and Annuity - 1,12,784)
avenue trees shall be planted on both
sides of the project roads.
A variety of utilities serving the regional needs like electric
poles, electric transformers, telephone
poles, telephone junction boxes which are within impact zone
shall be impacted. Some of the religious
structures (such as temples, mosque, church, shrines, arali
kattes) and community structures (such as
schools, hospitals, bus shelters, etc.) by the sides of the
project roads are impacted directly or
indirectly. Mitigation measures include shifting of all
utilities and relocation of religious and
community structures in consultation with the public before the
start of construction.
There are several locally important cultural properties –
religious as well as community structures that
may be impacted by the project. The project includes adequate
measures to ensure that the impacts on
these are managed properly. Chance-find procedures are also
included in the contracts to handle any
such situations.
Road project requires materials such as aggregate stone metal,
murrum and sand for the construction.
Procuring these materials from stone quarries, borrow pits and
sand quarries leaves scars on the land,
increase the soil erosion and leads to loss of productive soil.
These impacts shall be mitigated by
suitably rehabilitating the quarries, murrum borrow pits after
the extraction of required material is
complete. Quarries shall be opened only after obtaining all the
required statutory clearances from the
respective authorities. Borrow area management plan shall be
prepared to rehabilitate the borrow pits.
The topsoil in the borrow area shall be stored separately and
used to cover the area after rehabilitation.
Sourcing of the sand shall be made from leased sand mines
only.
Major or minor accidents are envisaged during construction of
roads by lack of knowledge on
handling of new equipments, workers functioning without proper
personal protective equipment.
Injuries get worsen if first aid facilities are not there at
construction sites. Injuries and accidents to
workers at construction shall be avoided by providing required
training on using the equipments and
provision of personal protective equipments along with first aid
facilities at construction sites.
Periodical health check-ups shall be arranged for the workers to
ensure good health. Preparation and
implementation of road safety plans during project
implementation is an important mitigation
measure. Labour camps shall not be located within 1000m of major
habitations to avoid outbreak of
communicable diseases. Arrangement for storage and supply of
potable water shall be made to the
workers.
It is usual that nearby public and commuting transportation will
suffer from inconveniences,
additional time, cost and distance during construction period.
Contractor shall prepare Traffic
Management Plan to ensure least interference to the free flow of
traffic and local public.
On the positive aspect, the proposed road project will improve
the connectivity between urban centers
and nearby rural areas and economic and social wellbeing of
rural communities by improved access to
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markets, jobs, education canters and health care services.
Tourism in the project area will boost the
local economic activities. Good roads also reduce travel time,
fuel consumption and pollutants emitted
by the operating vehicles.
Significant negative and positive impacts due to project are
summarized in the following impact
matrix (Table E-11).
Table E-11: Environmental Impact Matrix of the road projects
Environmental Attributes
Physical
Environment
Biological
Environment Geology
Topo-
graphy Air Water Noise Flora Fauna
Natural
Drainage Soil
I. Construction Phase
Labour Camp Activities -ve/t
Quarrying -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/p -ve/p
Material Transport & Storage -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t
-ve/t
Drilling and Blasting -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/p
Pavement works -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/p -ve/t
-ve/p
Use of Construction Equipment -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t
Cutting of Trees -ve/p
Plantation +ve/p +ve/p +ve/p +ve/p
Culvert and Bridge Construction -ve/t -ve/t -ve/p
Stripping of Topsoil -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t
Debris Generation -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t
Oil and Grease -ve/t -ve/t
II. Operational Phase
Vehicular Movement +ve/p +ve/t +ve/t -ve/p
Note: t – Temporary; p- Permanent; Impacts indicated in bold
letters are Significant Impacts.
Summary of environmental impacts for the proposed EPC and
annuity project roads are given in the
following Tables E-12, E-13.
Table E-12: Summary of Environmental impacts for EPC project
roads
Project road link ID 67A 67B M7D T8 21B 13A 13B 6C
High School (Nos.) 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1
Primary School (Nos.) 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Temple (Nos.) 3 2 3 1 4 5 4 5
Shrine (Nos.) 2 8 0 3 3 1 0 4
Arali katte (Nos.) 6 5 0 6 2 3 2 5
Bus shelter (Nos.) 3 2 9 8 4 6 8 6
Hand pump (Nos.) 2 0 9 7 1 17 16 6
MWS tank (Nos.) 10 4 4 10 4 7 2 5
Samadhi (Nos.) 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 0
Anganawadi (Nos.) 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Mosque (Nos.) 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
Grazing land (Nos.) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Well (Nos.) 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0
Hospital (Nos.) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Others (Nos.)* 12 15 57 47 21 23 20 25
No. of trees to be felled (Nos.)** 1,556 2881 4753 2870 320 1397
1370 2164
Forest land to be acquired (Ha) 0.2400 - 0.6085 0.1316 - - -
-
Electric Poles to be shifted (No.) 410 152 370 339 225 249 266
277
Transformers to be shifted (No.) 20 9 18 11 11 4 7 7
Telephone Poles to be shifted (No.) 36 23 28 11 12 1 19 67 *
Others include Basement, Bore well, Compound wall, Fence, Flag
pole, Govt. Land, Public toilet, Pump house, School
toilet, Water tank, Water tap, Sign board, Grave yard, Statues,
APMC check points.
* * No of trees to be felled indicates trees measuring > 30
cm girth. Details of actual trees to be felled will be updated
after
joint verification of PIU and Forest Dept.
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Table E-13: Summary of Environmental impacts for annuity project
roads
Project road link ID 63A 63B 63C 63D 63E 64F 64G 19A 19B 19C 19D
T21 M7A M7B M7C 10A 10B
High School (Nos.) 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Primary School (Nos.) 0 2 0 0 1 1 2 0 1 0 1 0 3 0 0 0 0
Temple (Nos.) 5 5 7 10 5 6 8 9 11 4 0 5 12 7 3 9 6
Shrine (Nos.) 1 2 1 4 0 3 6 1 0 0 4 1 0 0 0 0 0
Arali katte (Nos.) 4 7 7 12 5 7 14 0 2 0 1 3 2 3 0 5 8
Bus shelter (Nos.) 6 6 6 16 5 7 16 1 6 6 10 7 15 8 4 5 13
Hand pump (Nos.) 8 9 10 23 7 5 8 6 19 2 2 10 12 6 11 6 19
MWS tank (Nos.) 8 18 23 35 11 7 11 4 5 4 5 7 3 8 1 2 2
Samadhi (Nos.) 2 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Anganawadi (Nos.) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mosque (Nos.) 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0
Grazing land (Nos.) 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Well (Nos.) 0 1 0 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0
Hospital (Nos.) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Others (Nos.)* 42 68 39 83 28 30 63 16 21 10 12 21 23 26 15 10
21
No. of trees to be felled (Nos.)** 521 1404 1128 1264 1052 373
755 1194 1823 605 604 918 1939 2433 670 3781 1832
Forest land to be acquired (Ha) No No Yes No No No No No No No
No Yes Yes Yes No No No
Electric Poles to be shifted (No.) 389 366 385 629 611 254 460
133 252 160 225 407 562 562 462 117 177
Transformers to be shifted (No.) 33 24 18 46 21 11 34 2 2 2 17
13 42 34 17 0 1
Telephone Poles to be shifted (No.) 49 35 10 51 62 37 47 31 53
31 54 3 73 81 58 22 2 * Others include Basement, Bore well,
Compound wall, Fence, Flag pole, Govt. Land, Public toilet, Pump
house, School toilet, Water tank, Water tap, Sign board, Grave
yard, Statues, APMC
check points.
* * No of trees to be felled indicates trees measuring > 30
cm girth. Details of actual trees to be felled will be updated
after joint verification of PIU and Forest Dept.
-
Summary of impact mitigation measures proposed are given in the
following Table E-14.
Table E-14: Summary of proposed Environmental mitigation
measures (EPC project roads)
Project
road
link ID
Silt fencing
(No.)
Recharge
pits (No.)
Debris re-
utilisation
(Cum)
Compensatory
tree plantation
(No.)
Noise Barrier
locations
(No.)
Enhancement
of water
bodies (No.)
67A 7 7 5360 4700 6 1
67B 10 10 5200 5780 5 1
M7D 8 8 3060 8692 14 1
T8 13 13 5360 6360 10 1
21B 6 6 6720 7700 5 1
13A 14 14 1920 6490 9 -
13B 17 17 4720 8270 9 1
6C 18 18 2000 5726 8 -
Total 93 93 34340 53718 66 6
Table E-15: Summary of proposed Environmental mitigation
measures (Annuity project roads)
Project
road
link ID
Silt fencing
(No.)
Recharge
pits (No.)
Debris re-
utilisation
(Cum)
Compensatory
tree plantation
(No.)
Noise Barrier
locations
(No.)
Enhancement
of water
bodies (No.)
63A 15 15 1,013 4,560 10 1
63B 18 18 1,125 5,506 10 1
63C 9 9 478 4,222 9 1
63D 15 15 1,181 7,003 17 1
63E 11 11 1,238 5,579 8 1
64F 9 9 759 4,005 5 1
64G 18 18 1,041 7,596 19 1
19A 9 9 422 3,834 8 -
19B 16 16 1,041 8,468 9 -
19C 8 8 506 3,682 6 1
19D 32 32 816 5,601 6 -
T21 11 11 422 6,448 11 1
M7A 18 18 1,013 9,959 14 1
M7B 16 16 1,097 9,082 21 1
M7C 12 12 675 5,243 12 1
10A 19 19 984 12,260 7 -
10B 16 16 928 9,730 4 -
Total 252 252 14,739 112,778 176 12
Construction of solid noise barriers
Construction of solid noise barriers for identified sensitive
noise receptors for road links
under all EPC and Annuity contract packages is in progress –
procured under local shopping
procedures (Figure E-2). These noise barriers serve as the
mitigation measure for the
anticipated increase in ambient noise and the transmission of
dust towards the sensitive
receptor, not only for the operation phase but also during
construction phase of the project.
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Figure E-2: Pictures showing completed solid noise barriers on
proposed EPC project roads
Solid noise barrier under construction for a hospital building
on road link 21
Solid noise barrier constructed for a Govt. School on road link
21
Solid noise barrier under construction for a Govt. School on
road link M7D
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E.10 Summary of Resettlement and Rehabilitation (R&R):
The GOK will adopt a R&R Policy for KSHIP II to address the
adverse social impacts of the project
on the line of National Policy of Resettlement and
Rehabilitation 2007. The policy adopted is
consistent with the World Bank‟s Involuntary Resettlement
Policy. The Resettlement Action Plan
(RAP) is prepared in accordance with the stipulations and
guidelines provided in Karnataka Public
Works Departmental Code; Resettlement and Rehabilitation -
Principles and Policy Framework for
the Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project; The National
Resettlement Policy, 2007 and the
World Bank‟s Operational Policy 4.12.
Census socio- economic surveys were conducted on the
up-gradation roads, for a Corridor of Impact
between 16 m and 22 m keeping in view the design requirements.
The matrix depicting the summary
of impacts is as follows.
Table E-16 Summary of Impacts
Contract
Package
Land
Acquisition-
Private (ha)
Land Transfer
– Government
(ha)
Major
Impact
- PAFs
Minor
impact
- PAFs
Community
Assets
(Nos)
PAFs PAPs
WEP1 0.82 0.26 28 44 74 72 337
WEP2 25.56 3.03 85 688 168 773 4695
WEP3 4.38 0.36 32 147 44 179 997
WEP4 0.08 0 147 65 117 212 715
WEP5 1.12 0 28 26 57 54 301
WAP1 78.43 5.68 349 406 736 755* 3349
WAP2 33.42 0 343 130 165 473* 1690
WAP3 70.35 0 215 325 223 540* 1706
WAP4 1.77 0.03 249 106 106 355 1174
TOTAL 215.93 9.36 1476 1937 1690 3413 14964
* Include estimate for land losers and actual for structure
losers.
KPWD, GOK has decided to acquire the land under the Karnataka
Highways Act, 1964. The GOK
has already initiated the process of establishing the
Negotiation Committee to negotiate the price of
land with the beneficiaries on the basis of guidance value for
the land.
Some of the entitlements include payment of compensation through
negotiation according to the
KHA; additional assistance for those becoming marginal farmers;
eligibility of bagar hukum land
losers; grant for replacement of cattle shed; alternative house
or developed plot including construction
cost for those losing house; additional 25% compensation for
partially affected structures towards
reconstruction; income generating assets up to Rs.75,000 for
those losing commercial structures;
rental allowance for tenants; non-titleholders to get alternate
house or developed plot + construction
cost, for commercial structures alternate shop or income
generating asset; employees losing livelihood
will be given a one time payment; vulnerable groups including
physically challenged and those above
60 years will be given a lump sum amount as assistance; and all
community assets will be replaced
and reconstructed.
The RAP will be implemented by Karnataka PWD-PIU Social
Development Resettlement Cell with