Environmental Design + Construction Magazine - May 2011 (True PDF)

8/13/2019 Environmental Design + Construction Magazine - May 2011 (True PDF)

1/76

May2011

www.EDCmag.com

ThePre

mierSourceforIntegratedHigh

PerformanceBuilding

ModernnvelopesPreserve the PastPreserve the PastAlso InsideEID Awards and Lighting

Visit us at boot

See inside to finthe ALL-

EDCmag


2/76

environmental design + construction

THE

ALL-NEWEDCmag.com

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Welcome to the ALL-NEW

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4/76

SKYL IGHTS AND TRANSLUCENT CURTA INWALL

* Heschong Mahone Group, Inc. 1999 Major Industries, 2011 888-759-2678 | www.ma jorsk

CREAT ING ENVIRONMENTS WHERE PEOPLE CAN SH INE

Its an undisputed fact - a well-designed daylighting strategy lifts performance in everything from student t

scores to retail sales*. But harsh direct sunlight, when left unchecked creates glare on monitors, raises room

temperatures and pushes human performance downward. Translucent skylights and curtainwall from Major

soften light, moderate temperatures and keep buildings and occupants alike performing at peak levels.

SHARPER IDEA

SOFTER LIGHT FOSTER

Reader Service No. 53 www.EDCmag.com/webcard


5/76Reader Service No. 133 www.EDCmag.com/webcard


6/76

Reader Service No. 123 www.ED


7/76

WELCOME TO

THE RED CARPET

COLLECTION

WHERE BEAUTY

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AND THEY WORK

TOGETHER BEAUTIFULLY.

PRODUCT: REDESIGN

COLOR: MERINO

To learn more call 1 800 336 0225 ext 6511 or visit us online at www.interfaceflor.com.

Mission Zero and the Mission Zero mark are registered trademarks of Interface, Inc.



8/76ed+c M A Y 1 1

MAY 2011

VOLUME 14

NUMBER 5 CONTENTS

On the Cover:The Museum of Ame rican Jewish History employs a terra cotta and g lass faade

that plays a big role in preserving artifacts and creating an energy-efficient public

space. Image Halkin Photography.

12 EDITORS NOTE

14 NEW +NOTABLE

62 CROSSWORD

64 ADVERTISER INDEX

66 PARTING SHOT

In Every Issue

18

4642

NewslineFor breaking news, visit w ww.EDCmag.com or sign up onlineto receive the eNewsletter delivered right to your inbox. For current industry

news from your phone, snap the mobile tag here. Get the free app for your phohttp://gettag.mobi

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IT

18 24 29 42

In This Issue

2011 EID AwardsFind out which six projects were cho-

sen as the winners of ED+Cs annual

Excellence in Design Awards. See more

with the video online.

On the RecordInteractive design sessions are the hot

topic in this fourth roundtable of net-

zero energy experts. Get even more

insight in the digital edition.

On TrialRepresentatives of three different

building material types were invited to

plead their sustainable cases for you,

the jury. Which will you choose?

Let the BuildingBreatheThe NMAJH uses a terra cotta and

system to create a warm, energy-e

public space. By Ronald Bosch

46 50More Codes,More ControlLighting controls play a key role in meet-

ing building energy codes.By Michael

Jouaneh, LEED AP BD+C

Hybrid Cars MeetHybrid BuildingsDC microgrid platforms are emerging

for lighting and more. By Brian

Patterson

High-Performance Building Envelopes

Lighting Continuing Education

52Chemistry: A Major Driverof Building PerformanceAdvances in chemistry make more sustainable building envelopes.By Roger C. B

AIA, LEED AP, with contributions from Mary MacLeod Jones and

Stephanie Inglis on behalf of BASF Construction North America

IN THIS MONTHS

Digital Edition

45A BREATHE DEEPby Joe Pasma, PE

51A A PRESCRIPTION IN SAVINGSby Michael Winegard


9/76

Before Portland International Airport installed Sloan ECOS sensor-activated dual-flush flushometersin its administrative offices and Sloan UPPERCUT manual dual-flush flushometers in its terminalrestrooms, the airport flushed away about 280,000 gallons of water a day.

Sloan dual-flush systems in the terminal alone have reduced water usage by 177,000 gallons perday. That adds up to an annual savings of more than 60 million gallons.

The dual-flush flushometers have been a key part of Portland International Airports sustainabilityprogram. The airport has been able to realize real water savings that positively impact theenvironment and the business bottom line.

Portland has made great water-efficiency improvements, and so can you. Read the rest of Portlandsstory at www.sloanvalve.com/portlandairport.

For more information about Sloan dual-flush flushometers, go to www.sloanvalve.com.

Portland International Airport Saves

177,000 Gallons of Water Every Day

with Sloan High-Efficiency dual-flush Flushometers

The Water Efficiency CompanyReader Service No. 37 www.EDCmag.com/webcard


10/76ed+c M AY 1 10

How Green Was My(Napa) Valley?

Provided by Siegel & Strain

The Yountville Town Cent

weaves new and existing

buildings and outdoor ro

into a place designed to

enrich community life.

WEB

TOC

THIS MONTHS WEB EXCLUSIVE FEATURES INCLUDE:

Challenging Curtain WallLimits

By Mary Pence

The Lindsey-Flanigan

Courthouse in Denver is a

testament to the beauty of

innovation and the practical-

ity of building green.

Colorful Panels EnvelopHumane Society

By Byron Smith

As the first LEED Gold animal

shelter in the nation, HSSV

proves that even our four-

legged friends can enjoy the

benefits of sustainability.

Air National Guard Pro-tects with Curtain Wall

By Heather West

Beyond blast hazard mitiga-

tion, the Readiness Centers

curtain wall system contrib-

utes to daylighting, energy-

efficiency and occupant comfort.

1 2 3 4

Register at the new EDCmag.com to

read all of Mays Web exclusives.

2

3

4

Sustainable Schools - Design, Construction and

Operations, May 26, 2011

This webinar, presented by Warren County Public Schools, includes

Richardsville Elementary, the first net-zero energy school by architects

Sherman Carter Barnhart.

Free Webinar >>>>>>>>>>


11/76

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12/76ed+c M AY 1 12

Production Manager

Jeff Bagwell

[email protected]

Phone: 248.244.6481

Fax: 248.283.6589

was done to make finding relevant topics much simpler quicker. Searches have also been vastly improved. No lonwill you have to deal with weeding through multiple retof the same article. Additionally, more content will be avable on the homepage. While searches and categories arbroken out better than they have in the past, why searchyou dont have to?

A problem that has finally been corrected is the numbof images were capable of displaying. As great as an artiis, we know that pictures help to give you a better, um,picture of a project. Were now able to bring you as manyimages as we can. If an article that ran in the magazine hnine images, but we could only use five in print, youll beable to find all nine in the online version.

The new website also has a vastly improved infrastructure. This means its easier for us to provide you with mumedia content such as podcasts and videos. Do you use mobile device on the job a lot or just like to be on the cuting edge of technology? EDCmag.com has been optimito make the browsing experience for users of Smart PhoiPads and other tablets or mobile devices that much bett

Keep an eye out for the hints regarding the new sitescapabilities that weve scattered throughout this issue.

To use all the fun new features youll need to register, buregistration is quick, simple and, best of all, free. We at EDhope youll enjoy the new EDCmag.com as much as we dYou probably wont hear a choir the first time you use it,

neither will you have to worry about some mythologicalGreek monster lurking behind your next click.

Cheers,

NOTE

Back in early February 2007, ED+Chired me as part-time as-sistant editor to handle its website, eNewsletters and otherdigital media. Until recently, nearly every single update orchange to the site was done or overseen by me. (Everything,that is, except the websites style or layout those werethe two things out of my control.) And it was my job to workwith it and look at it nearly every day for about four years.

Now, I didnt speak much when I first started here. Ineeded some time to adjust to the magazines culture andto let my coworkers adjust to my direct, bluntly honestpersonality. The subsequent years have given me a chanceto tone it down a little and to be more tactful, but I stillhave work to do. This is why, after a few revisions, I wasasked to simply say Im not sad to see the old EDCmag.comgo bye-bye.

At long last, that menu down the side is history. I usedthat menu every day, and it even took me a while to findwhat I was looking for. Content is no longer scatteredabout so badly that a blind squirrel stands a better chanceof finding a nut than a reader stands of finding the rightarticle. And finally, gone is the maze-like layout that only aMinotaur could love.

Thankfully, the new EDCmag.com has finally beenlaunched after weeks, and even months, of meetings, emailsand poring over details that are too numerous to mention.

The New EDCmag.com

I could hear a choir the first time I used the site, but then Irealized it was just someone playing their radio too loudly.

The realization didnt diminish the sense of wonder I feltfrom using the new site, though.

Those of you focusing on a certain building type or look-ing for more information on a particular building systemshould note that the new site breaks them out for you. This

Web Editor

Stephanie Fujiwara

[email protected]

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EDITORS

List Rentals

For postal information please contact

Kevin Collopy at 800-223-2194 x684

or email him at

[email protected]

Group Publisher

Diana Brown

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Phone: 248.244.6258

Fax: 248.244.3911

Associate Publisher

Michelle Hucal, LEED AP

[email protected]

Phone: 248.244.1280

Fax: 248.786.1394

Editor

Derrick Teal

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Phone: 248.786.1645

Fax: 248.283.6560

Associate Editor

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Phone: 248.786.1680

Fax: 248.502.9016

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An Honest Opinion

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13/76

Smog-Eating

Buildings?

ecoclean

Reynobondwith EcoClPowered by HY

Reader Service No. 107 www.ED


14/76ed+c M A Y 1 14

1 Wood ProtectionSansin Classic, a penetrating, environmentally friendly wood finish, canhelp maintain a healthy, breathable building envelope for wood exteri-

ors. The low-VOC formula provides all the characteristics of penetrating

oils, yet utilizes moisture in the wood to diffuse deep into the wood tissue,

even when the moisture content is as high as 25 percent. When used in

construction and exposed to wind, rain and sun, wood needs a level of pro-

tection to remain durable, resilient and pleasing to the eye. Sansin Classic

reportedly delivers that breathability and durability. www.sansin.com

The Sansin Corporation | Reader Service No. 110

2 High-Performance Coated GlassSNX 62/27 reportedly offers natural light with an improved solar heat

gain coefficient that raises the glazing light-to-solar gain ratio to 2.30,thanks to three microscopically thin silver layers in the coating. The prod-

uct also features a color-neutral appearance so that buildings still reap

the performance benefit without a dark or reflective look. Architects can

tap into the companys new building energy calculator, which provides

a quick and consistent way to understand the tradeoffs between various

glass products and estimate energy dollar costs rather than only compar-

ing product technical data. www.sunguardglass.com

Guardian Industries | Reader Service No. 111

3 Rainscreen SystemKnight Wall Systems Inc. announced the launch of CI-System, a newrainscreen system that accommodates continuous rigid insulation on

exterior of a building, designed to significantly increase the structure

energy efficiency. CI-System reportedly offers superior moisture hand

and thermal performance and reduced risk of condensation, and it is

adaptable to any faade or cladding system. Knight says the new syst

enables a true continuously insulated exterior wall that will meet or

exceed current and future energy codes. www.knightwallsystems.com

Knight Wall Systems Inc. | Reader Service No. 112

4 3D Modeled DoorsTubelites 3D software modeling tools and computer numeric control

programming reportedly save materials, reduce lead-times and increaquality. All of Tubelites custom doors and frames are manufactured u

a high recycled-content aluminum billet composition. Products conta

a minimum of 80 percent reclaimed aluminum, but requests for 100

percent reclaimed aluminum doors can be met. Painted finishes are a

plied using a 100 percent air capture system that destroys the VOCs w

a regenerative thermal oxidizer. Thermal barriers and high-performan

glass optimize the doors energy efficiency. www.tubeliteinc.com

Tubelite Inc. | Reader Service No. 113

2

To request more information on these products, visit www.EDCmag.com/webcardand enter the corresponding reader service numbers.

1

3

NEW+NOTABLE

View thenew product

catergories atEDCmag.com.


15/76www.EDCmag.c

Stairwell Lighting SolutionLutron introduced its new Stairwell Retrofit Solu-

tion that automatically adjusts light output based

on stairwell occupancy. The new Stairwell Retrofit

Solution utilizes a lighting fixture with a Lutron

digital dimming ballast preprogrammed to oc-

cupied and unoccupied light levels specific to a

projects code requirements. Through high-end

trim and occupancy sensing, the stairwell retrofit

solution provides the opportunity to save over

80 percent of lighting energy usage. The wireless

communication between devices allows for easy

installation with no additional wiring required.

www.lutron.com

Lutron | Reader Service No. 114

Waterproofing Drainage BoardShockWave is a 100 percent post-consumer

recycled material waterproofing drainage

board solution. ShockWave is reportedly

made of environmentally friendly closed-cell,

cross-linked foam. The board is designed to

protect the wall and membrane during thebackfill process with its crush-resistant mem-

ory, which allows it to bounce back when

compressed. Shockwave effectively channels

water away from the foundation, absorbing

up to 101.11 gallons per hour per linear foot

of groundwater to eliminate any possibility

of hydrostatic pressure, the company states.

www.mar-flex.com

Mar-flex | Reader Service No. 115

Vapor RetarderMemBrainVapor Retarder breathes and allo

excess moisture to escape from wall cavitie

This smart vapor retarder is a polyamide fil

that changes permeability from less than

1 perm at low humidity to greater than 20

perms at high relative humidity, the compa

states. MemBrain is used in place of traditio

polyethylene vapor retarders with unfaced

fiberglass insulation to provide an insulatio

system that is designed for areas with seaso

changes in temperature and humidity. Mem

Brain reportedly allows closed building env

lope systems to increase their drying poten

www.certainteed.com

CertainTeed | Reader Service No. 116



16/76ed+c M A Y 1 16

Design ManualKingspan introduced a

new design manual for

Kingspan Benchmark

architectural products

that reportedly

consolidates productliterature and infor-

mation in a single,

easy-to-use resource.

The 248-page manual

is available in two

formats electronic

and print to assist

design professionals in the selection, specification and installation of

insulated wall panels and integrated window systems, column and be

covers, louvers and sunshades. The manual incorporates 3D isometric

construction details, case studies and product specifications.

www.kingspanpanels.us

Kingspan Insulated Panels North America | Reader Service No. 117

Vapor-Permeable Air BarrierAir infiltration increases energy demands, and moisture droplets

the air can collect in the walls, leading to deterioration of structu

members and poor indoor air quality. ExoAir 230 Fluid-Applied

Vapor-Permeable Air Barrier Membrane is a monolithic, synthetic

vapor-permeable air barrier membrane designed to seal exterior

above-grade walls, while serving as a weather-resistive barrier to

keep water out yet remaining permeable to the passage of water

vapor to prevent moisture from being trapped within the wall.

www.tremcosealants.com

Tremco Commercial Sealants & Waterproofing | Reader Service No. 118

PVC-Free BumperBoston Retails ecoRigid

plus+ bumper is inspired by

ecological enthusiasts that

seek an environmentallyproficient alternative to PVC,

according to the company.

ecoRigid plus+ is report-

edly 100 percent PVC-free

and has earned UL Environ-

ment EVC for containing 95

percent certified post-consumer recycled content. ecoRigid plus+

designed for use in retail, commercial and industrial applications t

protect capital equipment, including walls. www.bostonretail.com

Boston Retail | Reader Service No. 119

Drainage MatEnkadrain W 3601 is an

environmentally conscious

thin drainage composite.

It consists of a recycledwhite polypropylene

drainage core and a strong

but lightweight white Col-

back filter fabric thermally

bonded to one side. The

mat reportedly contains

40 percent post-industrial recycled content. Enkadrain W 3601 is

designed for use with plaza decks, under pavers and for green roo

among other applications. www.colbond-usa.com

Colbond | Reader Service No. 120

grass porous pavement

invisiblestructures.com

800-233-1510


NEW+NOTABLE


17/76

INTRODUCING

Spray foam insulation offers energy efficiency and design

flexibility but ICYNENE MD-C-200medium-density

2.0-lb. closed-cell spray foam offers much more. Thats becauseour industry-leading building scientists understand more than

insulation; they understand overall building envelope performance.

From formulation to installation, the experts at Icynene help

ensure seamless integration with HVAC and other building system

elements. Not only does this optimize energy efficiency, but it

also improves durability and moisture management. You might say

theyve perfected the formula for total building performance.

THATS NOT JUST BUILDING SCIENCE.

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For more information, call

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DISCOVERFULL POTE

CLOSED-CFOAM INSU

Icyneneis a registered trademark of Icynene Inc. MD-C-200is a trademark of Icynene Inc. 2011 Icynene Inc. All rights reserved.

Nick Xie, Ph.D.

Senior R&D Chemist

Icynene Inc.



18/76ed+c M A Y 1 18

E

ach year, ED+Cholds its Excellence in Design Awards to hono

projects that demonstrate a clear commitment to green build

and sustainable design. Whose projects? Yours. How do they

to us? You can submit them during our call for entries.

Why submit a project? Besides getting recognition for aproject, winners encourage others to follow suit in environmentally consc

building and raise the bar ever higher for those who already build green.

completing its ninth year, Excellence in Design recognizes commercial, go

ernment, institutional, educational and residential projects meeting a var

of environmental building criteria.

Perhaps youre working on a project to be completed this year. The Exce

lence in Design program will start accepting entries for projects complete

2011 at eid.EDCmag.com in the fall.

Now, without further ado, congratulations to the 2011 ED+CExcellence

Design Award winners. These six green building projects completed in 20

demonstrate outstanding sustainable design techniques. Winners of the

competition, as well as finalists and honorable mentions, will be featured

upcoming issues of ED+Cby category beginning in June 2011.

Information was provided by applicants.

2011EXCELLENCE

IN DESIGN

AWARDS

Get the free mobile app at

http://gettag.mobi

Snap here for

a video with more

about this years

winners.


19/76www.EDCmag.c

Winner: Eleven Times Square

Submitted by: FXFOWLE (www.fxfowle.com)

Date Completed: October 1, 2010

Size: 1,100,000 square feet

Location: New York, N.Y.

Certifications: LEED Gold; designed to earn ENERGY STA

Eleven Times Square is a sculptural, glass-clad office tower occup

a full block on one of the worlds most celebrated urban thorough

Manhattans 42nd Street. Designed to extend the vibrancy of Ti

Square, its dynamic form is an essay in contextual and solar resp

A driver of the buildings form and expression was the goal to red

solar gain.

The Commercial category winner, Eleven Times Square, will be featured in

further detail in the June 2011 edition of ED+Cand online at www.EDCmag

Commercial

Winner: Buchanan Energy and

Environmental Research CenterSubmitted by: S.I.M. Architects(www.simarchitects.com)

Date Completed: September 1, 2010

Size: 10,000 square feet

Location: Clovis, Calif.

Cost: $4,603,879

Certifications: LEED Certification pending

Clovis Unified School District created a vocational

class to educate and train students for future

careers in the green industry. By providing

students with an educational pathway and

a facility emphasizing these elements, the

Buchanan Energy and Environmental Research

Center project has become a valuable educational

resource. The center gives students real-time

interaction with the energy and sustainable

elements of the facility, including wind turbines,

radiant floor heating, photovoltaic panel arrays,

and a vegetative green roof among other green

design elements.

The Educational category winner, Buchanan Energy

and Environmental Research Center, will be featured in

further detail in the August 2011 edition of ED+C and

online at www.EDCmag.com.

Educational

IMAGES BY PAUL MULLINS, MULLINS ST

IMAGE COURTESY OF RED SQUARE IMAGE COURTESY OF COE WILL, FXFOWLE


20/76ed+c M A Y 1 10

Mutifamily Winner: General Colin Powell ApartmentsSubmitted by: Blue Sea Development Company, LLC

Date Completed: August 17, 2010


Location: Bronx, N.Y.

Cost: $15,300,000Certifications: LEED-H Platinum; ENERGY STAR

The General Colin Powell building is the first LEED Platinum affordable multifam

ownership building in New York. The building offers apartments in a building tha

models 43 percent better energy efficiency than ASHRAE 90.1-2004. Developed on

a former brownfield site, the building faade steps in and out, providing a pleasin

visual context for the neighborhood. The partnership with Habitat for Humanity

NYC, where families and volunteers perform much of the air sealing, insulation a

drywall, helped to provide such highly performing, healthy, luxurious new home

first-time buyers.

Residential Multifamily

IMAGES BY BERNSTEIN ASSOCIA


21/76www.EDCmag.c

Single Family Winner:Santa Cruz Strawbale HouseSubmitted by: Arkin Tilt Architects

(www.arkintilt.com)

Date Completed: June 2010


Location: Santa Cruz, Calif.

Avid surfers and professors of biology and environme

studies, the clients wanted to push the ecological env

while providing a fun, comfortable house for their fam

of six, along with a second unit for rental or parents. T

house combines mechanical technology with natural

building techniques, passive solar strategies and local

sourced elements. An efficient plan, solar section and

well-insulated envelope mean that little supplementa

heat is needed. Strawbale walls wrap the north and wwhile the wood-framed south wall brings daylight int

living spaces.

The Residential category winners, General Colin Powell

Apartments and Santa Cruz Strawbale House, will be featu

in further detail in the July 2011 edition of ED+Cand online

www.EDCmag.com.

Seals the irregularshapes of steel Ibeams, corrugatedroof decks, anddissimilarconstruction

materialinterfaces.

A 2.0 lb./cu ftdensity, closed-cellspray polyurethanefoam that providesthe very highestR-value.

Forms a barrierthat blocks airinfiltration, noisepollution, dust,and pollen.

Outperformsevery otherinsulation systemon the market.

Were building experts and we choose InsulBlochighperformance spray foam insulation. This evolutionarymulti-functional insulation requires only one trade contractoron site so it keeps our projects on schedule and profitable and saves our clients up to 40% on energy costs.

InsulBlocmeans comfort behind the walls,and science behind the comfort.

www.insulstar.com

Jim Marsh, SVP/COOColumbia Construction CompanyNorth Reading, MA

Building: Coastal Medical, East Providence, RI

Photo:n|e|m|d architectCranston, RI

InsulBlocSPF InsulationThe Science of Comfort

The Scienceof Comfort


Residential Single Family

IMAGE WWW.EDWARDCALDWELLPHOTO.COM


22/76ed+c M A Y 1 12

Winner: Bend Park & Recreation District

Administration BuildingSubmitted by: Opsis Architecture(www.opsisarch.com)

Date Completed: October 2010


Location: Bend, Ore.

Cost: $5,500,000

Certifications: LEED Gold

The new Administration Building for the Bend Parks and Recrea

District will provide office space for current staff and allow for

the departments anticipated growth over the next twenty year

The site is located within a 14-acre community park along the

Deschutes River a highly visible and central location in the B

landscape. The design of the Administration Building sought no

only to preserve but also restore. Existing trees and groundcove

were maintained as much as possible, and restoration efforts w

undertaken for the native habitat along the Deschutes River.

The Government category winner, Bend Park & Recreation District

Administration Building, will be featured in further detail in the Oc

2011 edition of ED+Cand online at www.EDCmag.com.

Government

Winner: Madison Childrens MuseumSubmitted by: The Kubala Washatko Architects Inc. (www.tkwa.com)

Date Completed: August, 2010


Location: Madison, Wis.

Cost: $5.4 million

The new Madison Childrens Museum used creative problem solving to convert an

office building built in 1929 into a dynamic museum-based learning environment.

The museum renovated the building, created an accessible green roof and installe

new exhibits. The new facility greatly expands the museums capacity to serve lar

audiences, older children and school groups in a strong interdisciplinary program

emphasizes the arts, sciences, history, culture, health and civic engagement.

The Institutional category winner, Madison Childrens Museum, will be featured in further

in the September 2011 edition of ED+Cand online at www.EDCmag.com.

Institutional

IMAGE BY ZANE WILLIAMS.



23/76

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24/76ed+c M A Y 1 14

ROUNDTABLE OVERVIEW

Sustainable architect Bruce Haxton and ED+Cs

Michelle Hucal organized the Net-Zero Energy

Buildings (NZEB) Roundtable IV: Interactive De-

sign Sessions to present the latest techniques

and information regarding NZEB interactive

design sessions, plus the rationale for making

specific NZEB design decisions, with the under-

standing that each project is site, program and

client specific.

Below is a short set of excerpts from the

teleconference, but a complete transcription is

available at www.EDCmag.com. In addition, a

set of NZE resources and Lessons Learned are

also listed online.

Two specific recent buildings are cited as

examples in the roundtable discussion:

1) The U.S. Department of Energys National

Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Re-

search Support Facility (RSF) in Golden Colo.

(presented by Haselden, Stantec, RNL, AEC and

their consultants), and;

2) The Aldo Leopold Legacy Center in

Baraboo, Wis. (presented by The Kubala

Washatko Architects team including consul-

tants).

To these examples, a wealth of informa-

tion is added from Perkins+Will Architects,

EHDD team, The Rocky Mountain Institute and

The Integral Group (Peter Rumsey). Software

manufacturers Autodesk, Bentley Systems and

IES shared their expertise regarding softwa

interface with the NZEB design process; an

the NREL team shared their renewable ene

research. Special thanks to Russ Drinker fro

Perkins+Will, San Francisco, who hosted thi

(and previous) NZEB expert teleconference

ED+C.

To begin, Bruce Haxton asks the U.S. Dep

ment of Energys NREL participants to set th

stage of their work in creating the environm

to allow the RSF project to come to fruition

Ron Judkoff (NREL):Going back quite a

few years, DOE and NREL were grappling w

how to vastly improve the energy efficiency

the commercial building sector. To gain mo

insight, NREL got involved in several projec

where we played an energy consulting role

part of that role, we participated in a numb

of charrettes for projects where the owners

ON THERECORD

Interactive Design SessionsNETZERO ENERGY BUILDINGS EXPERT ROUNDTABLE IV

Egos truly do need to be checked at the door.

This is true in all aspects of our lives, of course,

but it is profoundly important in this setting.

Dana Villeneuve, AEC

Co-Moderator: Bruce McLeanHaxton, AIA, LEED AP, is a sus-tainable consulting architect

with more than 30 years of

experience. He authored more than45 articles and research papers andhas spoken at world conferences

on sustainable facilities,laboratories and science [email protected]

Co-Moderator: Michelle Hucal,LEED AP, associate publisher,

ED+C and Sustainable Facility.

John Andary, principal with

Stantec in San Francisco.Johns team provided sus-tainable design consulting

and MEP engineering on the NRELs

RSF, and Marin Country Day Schoolprojects.

Jeff Baker, director of laboratory

operations, Office of Energy Ef-ficiency and Renewable Energy,U.S. Department of Energy at

the National Renewable Energy Labora-

tory (NREL).

James Scott Brew, FCSI, AIA,LEED BD+C, Certified Pas-

sivhaus Design Consultant,principal architect with

Rocky Mountain Institute.

Rick Cantwell, PE, president/

CEO of Odell International,LLC, a leading program andtechnology management

firm.

Robert Clocker, AIA, LEEDAP BD+C, senior associate at

Perkins+Will and coordinatorfor the San Francisco officesSustainable Design Initiative.

Russ Drinker, AIA LEED AP,managing principal of theSan Francisco office forPerkins+Will.

Noah Eckhouse, vicepresident of Bentley SystemsInc.s Building Performance

Group.

Byron Haselden, president

of Haselden Construction, a

general contractor deliver-ing sustainable projects

throughout the intermountain West

and design-build contractor for theNREL RSF.

Tom Hootman, director of

sustainability at theDenver, Colo., office ofRNL, an international archi-

tecture, planning, interior design and

landscape architecture firm (designedthe NREL RSF).

Brad Jacobson, AIA, senior as-sociate at EHDD Architecture

in San Francisco (EHDD haseight NZE projects built or

under construction).

Ron Judkoff, principal pro-gram manager forbuilding energy research

at NREL, involved inthe design/constructionof the RSF.

John Kennedy, Autodesk CADsenior manager for sustain-able analysis products.

Tom Kubala, principal andco-founder of The KubalaWashatko Architects, Inc.(TKWA led the design team

for the Aldo Leopold Legacy Center).

Philip Macey, AIA, LEED

AP, director of Energy andSustainability and thedesign-build project manager

for Haselden Construction. (Macey was

formerly at RNL Architects providingproject management on the RSF).

Shanti Pless, commercial

buildings research engineerat NREL.

Peter Rumsey, principal andpracticing engineer at Inte-gral Group.

Susan Seastone, senior as-sociate/project manager inthe San Francisco Office of

Perkins+Will.

Michael Utzinger, associate

professor of architecture atthe University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (and served as

energy and environmental consultan

for the Aldo Leopold Legacy Center).

Dana Villeneuve, LEED projecmanager with Architectural

Energy Corp. (sustainabledesign consultant for the

NREL RSF).

Craig Wheatley, chief tech-nology officer of Integrated

Environmental Solutions (IESand a chartered engineer.

More information on the above particpants and their contact information

is available online atwww.EDCmag.com.

CONFERENCE PARTICIPANTS:


25/76www.EDCmag.c

expressed interest in creating extremely energy efficient buildings. We

discovered that, very often, design decisions were being made about

energy efficiency with little or no quantitative data to support rational

decision making. We decided to try and inject energy modeling into the

charrette process.

There was a good deal of skepticism at the beginning because partici-

pants thought that more detailed information about the building wouldbe needed than is commonly available in the early charrette phases. We

wanted to test the hypothesis that energy modeling would be useful in

the very earliest stages of pre-design and conceptual design even if all

that was known about the building was type, size and location. In our

earliest attempts at this, we found a number of challenges.

It showed us where we needed to improve the software capabilities,

how to prepare quantitative energy information in advance of the char-

rette and how to most effectively weave the quantitative information into

the flow of the charrette. It also showed us how important it was to have

all the various areas of expertise fully engaged in the charrette.

Weve seen projects where everything was done right, but the person

responsible for ordering carpets, partitions and desks ruined a good

daylighting scheme with light absorbing surfaces. Out of that experience

came six case study reports and the charrette manual (available for free

download from the NREL publications database at www.nrel.gov). We, of

course, applied all that hard-earned knowledge in the detailed specifica-

tion document we wrote for the design/build request for proposal (RFP).

That RFP was the start of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Research Support Facility project.

Jeff Baker (NREL):From the purely management perspective, the

early charrettes were critically important to helping us construct the

arguments to promote and execute this project. They gave us what we

needed to convince decision makers that we actually could deliver the

project at cost, scope and schedule.

John Andary (Stantec):The first (NREL) charrette was three full days

with the entire design/build team. For most of our other clients that arent

quite as savvy in low-energy, high-performance design we typically do an

eco-charrette. The eco-charrette is normally a well-orchestrated process

during which we do a lot of storyboarding and no bad idea sessions

to get the participants excited about ideas for energy conservation and

other sustainable goals. Then we do voting sessions to get people to buyinto ideas. Thats our typical eco-charrette process. Its really about moti-

vating them to set aggressive goals and then develop strategies around

those goals. We didnt have to do the big eco-charrette that we typically

do; instead, we went into the first three-day session with our pre-concept

modeling in-hand and described with the team how we thought we

could hit NRELs goals (EUI goals, daylighting, natural ventilation and the

zero energy building) based on the work that we had already done.

Byron Haselden (Haselden):After we won the competition, we had

to regroup internally, and perform an internal expectation meeting to de-

fine each persons role on the team. Because there were so many people

on both sides of the table, on the architectural, the engineering, the con-

struction and the owner, and we had to have one-for-one person match-

ing the owners expertise; specifically in energy modeling. This internal

Expectation Meeting defined all of our roles and responsibilities, and we

set it up to function like a roundtable where we had the leadership at the

top coming down into a working session roundtable where folks would

all collaborate with ideas and then break out for solutions. From that

step of our internal meeting we took it to our client. Next, we performed

a Customer Satisfaction Meeting with DOE and NREL. We had at least

60 people crammed into this little room with the objective to define the

clients expectations. What did their end in mind look like?

Tom Hootman (RNL):The first step to a successful integrated design

process for an NZE project is team alignment and owner commitment.

This alignment includes a clear set of project objectives and require-

ments and trust between all parties. The RSF project had an innovative

RFP and procurement method that expressed the NRELs commitmentReader Service No. 15 www.EDCmag.com/webcard


26/76ed+c M A Y 1 16

to an NZE approach and a rigorous set of

project objectives including a defined energy

goal. This allowed the team to align all of our

individual objectives around a single set of

requirements. The project requirements also

introduced a new set of risks, but they could be

clearly defined and, therefore, managed.

The RSF team began the integrated design

process with a multi-day charrette with our

interdisciplinary team. One thing I have learned

about successful charrettes is that they set the

DNA for the project. You cant solve everything

in just a few days, but you need to make the

basic decisions that solidify the design concept

and address the key issues and objectives of the

project.

One of the other key characteristics of a

successful charrette and early concept design is

the upfront investment in modeling to infor

design decisions. We employed many types

models included Stantecs energy and therm

comfort models, AECs daylight modeling,

Haseldens cost modeling and of course the

architectural model. We also built an NZE mo

or balance sheet, that tracked our energy usagainst onsite renewable energy generation

This was key to understanding how to inte-

grate the appropriate size of renewable ener

system into the project and allowed us to

understand how design decisions impacted

end result of net zero.

Shanti Pless (NREL): We spent a lot of tim

doing optimizations and modeling upfront,

know how to set that energy use intensity g

of 25,000 BTUs per square foot, on a demand

side. And so, we felt that if you could hit that

energy-efficiency goal with everything well

integrated upfront, it could be cost effective

and then we can talk about adding renewab

to get you to a net-zero position.

Perspectives: The Interactive DesiSession ProcessBrad Jacobson (EHDD): We like to start by d

fining the problem as broadly as possible at

and really try to understand what we are sho

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SOFTWARE DURING THE PROCESS

John Kennedy (Autodesk): The goal is to support the expanded use of BIM solutions to enable more people to

easily conduct traditionally compute intensive analysis more quickly and more often. This will help to evaluate

building performance much earlier in the design process or to be able to quickly and easily asses a portfolio of

existing buildings for improvement measurements so that we can radically accelerate the improvement in per-

formance of our existing building stock and create far more new net-zero energy buildings.

Noah Eckhouse (Bentley Systems):We have worked very hard to develop software tools that are relevant to all

stages of the design process. These tools must have the flexibility to allow a design team to rapidly assess large,

early-stage decisions such as location, orientation and massing while providing the depth to conduct detailed,

engineering-level calculations for certification and submittal later in the process.

Craig Wheatley (IES): Being able to get rapid and quantified environment performance feedback on design op-

tions, actually within design charrettes or workshops, is probably one of the most productive abilities analysis

software can offer. Understanding the impact of choices in real-time can drastically increase the level of collabo-

ration possible in these circumstances.

More information on the tools from Autodesk, Bentley Systems and IES is available at www.EDCmag.com.


27/76www.EDCmag.c

ing for before we start to think about strategies

or technologies. In the big picture, then, were

trying to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. So,

we try to start not only by understanding where

the energy is going in the building but where

the carbon emissions are generated in the orga-

nization or community we are working with.

On the Packard Foundation interview, we

talked about how we were confident we could

reach LEED Platinum and thought we had a

good shot at zero energy though no one

had done it at that scale as of yet. But in orderto achieve the scale of changes that we need to

make, we really should be looking at organi-

zational sustainability, including commuting,

flights, food, plug loads. There was immediate

enthusiasm for this concept, and we were se-

lected. Moving to direct building energy, then,

we really tried to shift the project teams focus

from the beginning towards real energy use.

Weve developed a framework that allows us to

kickoff projects with a focus on real energy use

and then track that all the way to design and

into operation on a continuum.

Tom Kubala (TKWA): Our philosophy of

architecture is based on the idea of wholeness,

meaning that the building is never isolated

from the land where it sits or the culture that

animates it. We take wholeness rather seriously.

In the case of the Aldo Leopold Legacy Cent

we were fortunate to have a client group tha

felt the same way. Through the Land Ethic,

an essay written by Aldo Leopold, the Leopo

Foundation charged the design team with p

ting together a building that would not injur

the land. And the land, according to Leopold

includes the soil, its associated energy, the p

ticipating plants and animals in other wo

the natural system into which the building is

be integrated.

Building Performance/OperationsMike Utzinger (TKWA Team): What we have

done on a couple of different projects is a pr

gramming charrette with the team and clien

rather than a design charrette, as Brad Jacob

described for the EHDD projects. On the Ald

Leopold Foundation building, for example, t

foundation board and the client met with th

entire design team, the commissioning agen

and Pliny Fisk from Maximum Potential Ener

IMAGINE THE END IN THE BEGINNING,SAYS TOM KUBALA, TKWA. WHAT IS THE PROCESS BY WHICH A HUMAN ORGANIZATION, THE LAND ON WHICH IT FINDS ITSELF, A BUILDER AND AN ARCHITECT MIGHT COLLAB

TO CREATE A LIVING WHOLE?IMAGE COURTESY OF TKWA.

Integrated design also takes on new urgency.

Squeezing every drop of savings out of everythingfrom duct design to glazing specifications has

heightened importance when one looks at the

first-cost savings associated with reductions in

onsite renewables. At the same time, a wider

spectrum of improvements to the building en-

velope and systems looks attractive financially.

Overall, the focus is on optimization of the build-

ing as an integrated system to minimize first cost,

and this begins at the first design workshops.

EHDD Architectural Team

(Scott Shell and Brad Jacobson)

INCREASED SAVINGS


28/76ed+c M A Y 1 16B

We set a building energy utilization goal for the

building. That goal, 17,000 kBTU per square foot

per year, was based on our knowledge of the

performance of buildings we had designed andthe performance of buildings reported by the

National Renewable Energy Laboratory.

With the Energy Utilization Intensity (EUI)

goal, we determined the size of a solar pho-

tovoltaic required to meet projected energy

demand with solar energy onsite. At that goal

setting meeting, we had a discussion of the

different ways that we would begin to look at

trying to meet the energy utilization goal: natu-

ral ventilation, daylighting, 100 percent outdoor

air ventilation and radiant floor heating and

cooling. After the EUI goals were set, the design

team began to work on a design that would

achieve the goals.

At the same time, we built a model of the

building shell which we used in energy ratecontrol, working with the architect to fine

tune the glazing, the shading and the insula-

tion strategies. We had a series of meetings

along the way within this process that always

included the clients and often the commis-

sioning agent.

One thing we did that was a little bit different

was we actually hired an independent controls

consultant to assist the MEP consultant and

the simulation modeler to work out a very

clear sequence of operations. The sequence

of operations integrated occupant control o

natural ventilation. We had the client involve

a very real way on feedback to be sure that twould be buying into how they were interac

ing overall with the system in terms of the

operation of the building. I cant overempha

how important it is that the client is engage

nothing else, for the design team to underst

exactly where and how the client can comm

their goals in the building and how those un

standings may be integrated into the design

the building.

I think what we tried to do after that init

goals meeting was to ensure that at differe

points along the way, the client was engag

in a real way regarding expectations and t

role in building operation. When the mech

cal system simulation model was integrate

with the building shell model, we switchedto temperature level control modeling and

simulated our control strategies. We were

to engage the client in their role in buildin

control.

Susan Seastone (Perkins+Will): In the

master planning phase of the project [Ohlon

College Newark Center], we identified four

alternative energy strategies we were intere

in pursuing. During schematic design, life-cy

costing was completed and three systems w

ON THERECORD

PERKINS+WILL ARCHITECTS TEAM RUSS DRINKER, SUSAN SEASTONE AND ROBERT CLOCKER SAYS: WHILE WE BRING A CERTAIN DEGREE OF EXPERTISE TO THE TABLE, IT IS ULTIMATELY THE EFFECTIVENE

OUR DESIGN PROCESS WHICH LEVERAGES THE COLLECTIVE WISDOM OF THE TEAM WE USE SPECIFICALLY CUSTOMIZED TOOLS, SUCH AS ENERGY MODELS, PERFORMANCE VISUALIZATIONS AND PROGRES

BENCHMARKS AT EACH PHASE OF THE PROJECT WE LOOK FORWARD TO THE DAY THAT NET ZERO IS THE RULE AND NOT THE EXCEPTION.IMAGE COURTESY OF PERKINS+WILL.

TIPS FROM THE NREL,RESEARCH SUPPORT FACILITY TEAM

Tom Hootman (RNL):

To summarize a successful integrated design

process and design charrette, I would offer the

following key components:

Front-load the design and utilize models for

early decision making.

Align the team with trust and a strong set of

project objectives.

At the heart of successful integration is having

the right people at the table and building a

culture of innovation on the team.

Philip Macey (Haselden):

Achieving new outcomes like LEED Platinum

and beyond is new but achievable, but only

with good preparation by both ownership and

the design and construction teams.

Include time for not only charrettes, but maybe

even more importantly, get to know eachother at a partnering session, understand each

others concerns and must haves.

Make the process of creating new answers

engaging and, frankly, fun. It will be hard work,

and youll all need to know each other going in

to keep the spark of creativity going.

Make the goal statements achievable and

measurable; avoid anything you cant mea-

sure. The clarity of goals has more to do with

success than practically any other work youll

do as a team.


29/76

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30/76ed+c M A Y 1 16D

ON THERECORD

chosen to be incorporated into the project:

geothermal (ground-coupled heat pumps), en-

thalpy wheels and rooftop photovoltaic panels.

Wind dropped out of contention. These systems,

once installed, would reduce energy costs over

the buildings life, thus reducing this buildings

impact on the colleges operations and mainte-

nance budget and constant challenge in the

community college system.

The design team was presented with at

least a couple hurdles involving the alterna-

tive energy systems that are worth noting. For

example, the geothermal system was chal-

lenged by the local water quality board earlyon in the process.

Rob Clocker (Perkins+Will):Its all these

things net-zero benchmarking tools,

energy modeling, other design analysis tools,

and engaging graphic materials for integrated

design charrettes and goals which facilitate

achieving net-zero buildings. As we saw with

the Ohlone College project, we can get there

in any number of ways, but it makes a big

difference having a set of specific resources to

engage the client and facilitate the rigorous

design thinking that is required to reach these

performance goals.

James Brew (RMI): One of the things we do

that I think some of you alluded to is an exercise

around theoretical minimums. This exercise is

about going into workshops with a pretty good

sense of what either the energy balance might

be for a given building or project type, or at

least knowing how you might work through a

design problem to arrive at the theoretical mini-

mum energy requirements during a workshopso that everybodys on the same page.

We believe that continuous engagement,

iteration and collaboration can drive the results

we are all striving to achieve.

At RMI were often charged, as I think a

lot of you are too, with being keepers of the

sustainability goals. We understand that the

practicing design professionals we work

with, who are balancing and weighing the

entire usual sundry of forces that create the

built environment, can have a difficult time

keeping energy at the top of their list. So

as the keepers of those goals, we get to be,

albeit continuously collaborative, we get to

be forcefully collaborative and aggressively

iterative, because thats all were responsiblefor. Having someone identified as the keeper

of these goals is helpful in assuring success in

the decision making process.

Peter Rumsey (Integral Group): We found

that when were starting to think about sus-

tainability and energy, [it is best] to organize

the charrette around systems. So we talk about

architecture, and everybody participates in

that discussion, but the architect starts to talk

about the building envelope and building

orientation. Then the architect will talk abo

building materials, and then the structural

engineer can pipe in, the mechanical engin

can pipe in and the daylighting guys can pi

in; so you get feedback on structure. Then t

lighting people and electrical engineers can

start talking about their systems.

Can we do this, can we do that? We kno

a lot of the things that lower energy use ar

not a secret. Well start with, in essence, a

beginning of a design, and then well go b

and well start modeling it. The idea is thatthat preliminary charrette we can come up

with some alternatives. So, were modeling

the schematic design phase with a schema

level energy model, a rapid energy model,

variety of different options, and then we co

back to the second charrette. Sometimes

while this is going on, were circulating the

information, and were starting to understa

what we can do to make the energy use as

low as possible. What does that mean? Ho

low is it going to be, and what does that

translate into as far as size of photovoltaic

tems (if theyre using photovoltaics) or bio

(if theyre using biogas)?

Theres this rapid iteration on the model

the schematic phase, and ideally wed like tdo it right then and there when were talkin

about it.

Want to read more? Visit www.EDCmag.co

for the full Expert Roundtable IV on Interactiv

Design Sessions. And coming in July: Dont m

the expert roundtable on NZE schools.

COPYRIGHTED NOVEMBER 2010 BRUCE HAXTON. THIS WORK MAY

BE REPRODUCED IN WHOLE OR IN PART WITHOUT WRITTEN PERMISS

BRUCE HAXTON. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

TIPS FOR INTERACTIVE DESIGN

SESSIONS TO REACH NZE GOALS

Team Formation

Plan the process carefully; possibly form a

steering committee to plan the design process

and the interactive meeting process. Create a cohesive project team that can work

well together and share ideas and support each

other.

Build a cohesive team that is focused on great

problem solving and great communication.

Customize your process to the clients of that

particular project.

Review the existing information on conducting

design charrettes.

Define the entire team and expertise that is

needed on your project.

Pre-Charrette Activities

Conduct some early research and engineering

investigation to make sure that you can actu-

ally achieve the performance results you are

trying to achieve.

Possibly develop a Pre-Charrette Energy Model

similar to that developed by Stantec for the RSF

project.

Project tours of similar buildings can create

a shared experience that will help create a

common bond between the team members.

Benchmark both the organization and the

building energy use.

Develop a system of tracking energy.

Conduct pre-charrette modeling work before

the charrette.

Research Energy Utilization Index (EUI) for the

building you are about to design.

Visit EDCmag.com for a summarized list of char-

rette activities and overview of the interactive de-

sign process. There is also a full list web resources

listed online with the full roundtable transcript.

JOHN ANDARY FACILITATED AN ECOCHARRE TTE WITH THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA.


31/76

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HIGHPERFORMANCEBUILDING ENVELOPES

www.EDCmag.c

Welcome readers toED+Cs first judgmental

foray into examining the purportedly

sustainable materials and processes

available for your buildings designs. As

opposed to the typical article in which a

single authors viewpoint is offered on a

topic, weve invited select members of various industries to

present testimony that their material or product or process

is the most sustainable and put them side by side.

Each representative was asked to state their case, and

the resulting information was broken out in the following

format: Opening Statement, Exhibits for evidence stating

said case, and a Closing Argument. Statistical sources

of various types, including studies funded by the repre-

sentatives own organization, were admissible. However,

decorum is highly valued. As such, a representative was

not allowed to directly compare the material he or she

represented with another material. The jur ys decision

(your decision) as to which type of material can lay claim

the most sustainable will lie solely with how persuasive

representative and the statistics he or she presents can

without mud-slinging.

This month, for your consideration, we will be entert

ing testimony from representatives of concrete, metal a

wood. Their cases will be presented in alphabetical ord

by material.

Therefore, without further ado, let the hearing commen

JudgeYou Be th

REPRESENTATIVES OF THREE DIFFERENT

BUILDING MATERIAL TYPES PLEAD THEIR

SUSTAINABLE CASES. WHICH WILL YOU CHOOSE

Need Additional Evidence?

Have a question for one of the representatives befo

issuing your verdict? Then give your query voice at t

new www.EDCmag.com! Simply register and direct

your question to the appropriate party. Feel free to

leave your verdict as well!


34/76ed+c M A Y 1 10


ConcreteConcrete testimony provided by David Shepherd, AIA, LEED AP

Opening Statement

Building envelope performance requires additional scrutiny in a worldwhere sustainability challenges us to reevaluate the way we design

buildings. It is a physical barrier between the internal and external

environment and the skin of our buildings, and much like human skin, it

is required to perform multiple key functions. Here are some envelope

performance requirements:

Durability

Insulation

Air inltration

Moisture resistance

Fire protection

Structural

Severe weather protection

Acoustic attenuation

Aesthetic value

Mold and insect resistance

Exhibit A: ManufacturingWhether site cast, masonry or precast, insulated concrete wall assemblies

rely on portland cement as the glue to bind aggregates into the desired

shape and nish. Cement is made from some of the most common materi-

als on earth; calcium-based minerals such as limestone, shale and clay, and

smaller amounts of silica, iron and alumina. Reducing the need for virgin

materials and waste headed to landlls, 45 percent of U.S. cement plants

use industrial byproducts from other industries, such as steel mill scale and

foundry sands as part of the raw mill feed. Ingredients are ground, precisely

blended and heated in a kiln where they combine to form small nodules

called clinker. This clinker is ground to a ne powder called portland

cement. The process is energy intensive, but manufacturers have reduced

the energy needed to make one ton of product by 37 percent since 1972.

They continue to seek innovative processes and alternative fuels to reduce

energy needs, carbon footprint and associated emissions.

Exhibit B: Liquid StoneWhen activated with water, the cement binds sand and aggregates in

concrete. Cement typically accounts for only 10 percent to 15 percent

concrete mix. The majority of concrete is made up of water, and struct

ller materials of sand and coarse aggregate all of which have veryembodied energy.

Exhibit C: TransportationConcrete in its many forms is produced throughout the country at rea

mixed, precast and masonry plants. Depending on the product, shipp

distances vary. Here in the U.S., the average distance between project

ready-mixed concrete plant is only 14.2 miles.

Exhibit D: VersatilityConcrete products are used in a variety of applications for building

envelopes. Concrete is a highly versatile product, enabling designers

specify the plastic properties, strength, color and texture, nal shape a

optimal performance. Concrete is not a good insulator, with an Rvalu

similar to stone. But when integrated with insulation, it provides b

FIGURE 1: KEY INDUSTRYS ANNUAL OUTPUT OF GHG.

FIGURE 2: COMPONENTS OF TYPICAL PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE.

FIGURE 3A, B, C: ICF MASONRY AND PRECAST/TILTUP SYSTEMS PROVIDE CONTINUOUS PLANES

INSULATION FOR HIGH WHOLE WALL RVALUE.


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36/76ed+c M A Y 1 12


efits ideal for high-performing walls: high R-value, low air infiltration

and thermal mass.

Additional benets of these composite assemblies are rigidity and

strength for disaster resistance, very long life, superior acoustical

separation, re and moisture resistance, nor are they a food source for

insects and mold. More information on the different assemblies and

benets can be found here: http://www.cement.org/homes/

ch_buildsys.asp.

Exhibit F: CladdingFor long-lasting exterior finishes, cement-based materials are dif-

ficult to beat. Using concrete with white cement as a blank canvas,

designers are able to incorporate integral color through tints and

stains to provide consistent color on large-scale buildings typically

clad in precast or tilt-up panels. Additional finishes include stucco,

concrete masonry and cast stone, fiber cement siding and roof-

ing tile. These do not require repainting, eliminating the ongoing

maintenance and additional use of solvent-based coatings. Not only

architecturally pleasing, these finishes are non-combustible, provid-

ing additional protection in areas of wildfires and higher-density

urban environments.

Exhibit G: Durability and Functional ResilienceFunctional resilience is a facilitys capacity to provide an acceptable level o

service through long service life, adaptive reuse and the challenges of na

and manmade disasters.

Building envelope performance is much more than keeping occupant

comfortable. It is the rst line of defense for protection of the structure, it

occupants and the viability of the family or business housed within. Conc

is mineral based. As such, it does not rot, warp or burn, nor is it affected b

insects. It is unaffected by moisture and UV rays, making it ideal for wall

cladding and roof tile. Not only architecturally appealing, noncombustibl

concrete nishes provide protection in areas of wildres.

Severe weather, such as hurricanes and tornados, creates life-threaten

conditions and can destroy communities. With superior strength, concret

wall assemblies have been identied by the Federal Emergency Manage-

ment Agency (FEMA) as appropriate technology for safe room constructi

in what it calls near absolute protection. More information can be foundhere: http://www.fema.gov/plan/prevent/saferoom/fema320.shtm.

Four-hour re-rated wall systems are achievable with concrete assemb

and the use of non-combustible cement based cladding such as stucco,

concrete masonry and roof tiles are appropriate for added protection in a

of wildres.

Exhibit H: RecyclabilityAccording to the Construction Materials Recycling Association, approxim

ly 140 million tons of concrete is recycled annually.1Not only is concrete r

ily recycled, it can often utilize industrial byproducts from other industrie

which improve performance.

Closing ArgumentKey to the increasing use of concrete products for building envelopes is t

ability to combine multiple functions into one assembly, providing many

the characteristics necessary for creating safe, secure and sustainable hig

performing buildings.

DAVID SHEPHERD, AIA, LEED AP, IS DIRECTOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT FOR THE PORTLAND CEME

ASSOCIATION PCA. IN THIS ROLE, HE OVERSEES THE ADVANCEMENT AND INTEGRATION OF SUSTAINAB

DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVES FOR THE CEMENT AND CONCRETE INDUSTRY TO SUPPORT EDUCATION, PROM

TION, ADVOCACY, STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH FOR THE BUILDINGS AND PAVING MARK

SHEPHERD IS A LICENSED ARCHITECT IN ILLINOIS AND WISCONSIN.

ENDNOTE1 Reference: www.concreterecycling.org.

FIGURE 4: CAST STONE AND THIN BRICK APPLICATION ON INSULATED PRECAST WALL PANELS.

FIGURE 5: ITS NOT LIMITED TO CALIFORNIA. SOME OF THE LARGEST WILDFIRES OCCURRED IN T

SOUTHEAST AND SOUTH CENTRAL U.S., AND AS FAR NORTH AS MAINE.


37/76

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ReaderServiceNo.134 www.EDCmag.com/webcard


38/76ed+c M A Y 1 14


MetalMetal testimony provided by Scott Kriner, AIA, CSI, LEED AP

Opening StatementMany building owners are incorporating metal roofs and metal walls

into existing buildings and new projects as a way to help reduce en-

ergy consumption and operating costs while achieving a multitude of

design objectives.

They also recognize meta ls environmental aspects. Metal panels

have recycled content ranging from 25 to 95 percent, are fully recy-

clable and in many cases can be reused at the end of a buildings useful

life. All of these attributes lower the demand for raw materials and

reduce construction waste. The surfaces of metal roofs and walls are

inert and do not create off-gassing or VOCs. In exterior applications,

this helps to reduce smog and mitigate the heat island effect.

Metal roofs are designed to last between 30 and 50 years depending

on the substrates, coatings and the buildings location. Commercially

produced metal roof systems are rigorously tested on an ongoing

basis for structural performance, wind resistance, fire resistance and

hail resistance. They are listed with various testing organizations and

building codes, including UL, Dade County (Fla.), International Building

Code and International Residential Code.

Metal roofing and metal walls have a very low life-c ycle cost due

to their durability. Sur veys conducted by Ducker Worldwide have

confirmed that metal roofs have significantly lower maintenance costs

than some conventional roofs. As a result, an initially higher installed

cost can actually provide a building owner with a low-cost product

given its long service life.

Exhibit A: RetrofitA new metal roof also can be installed over existing roofs, which keeps

old roof material out of the landfill. Metals light weight from 1/3 to

1/8 the weight of conventional roofing adds minimal weight load to

an existing structure.

Since metal can be used for both low-slope roofs (from :12 to

2:12), and for roofs with a steep slope (2:12 or greater), retrofitting aflat roof with a sloped metal roof can help cool a building by creating a

ventilation cavity called above sheathing ventilation (ASV ). This works

especially well in areas that experience both warm and cool tempera-

tures since the heated air is dissipated through the ridge vent in hot

weather, and in cold weather the air space acts as an insulation layer to

minimize heat loss.

Studies of ASV combined with cool metal roof surfaces conducted

by Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), a facility of the Depart-

ment of Energy, show a 45 percent reduction in heat gain through

the roof assembly.

Exhibit B: Cool RoofingCool metal roong also is a viable method for improving energy effi cie

The premise of cool roong is to nd the best combination of solar re

tance and thermal emittance that will keep the surface temperature lo

enough to be considered cool.When a paint nish is applied to metal through a continuous coil co

ing process, the surface characteristics are affected by the paint formu

tions. A wide range of solar reectance values can be engineered into t

paint system with infrared reective ceramic pigmentation and differe

resin types. A painted metal roof will also have a relatively high therma

emittance value, which allows the surface to dissipate absorbed heat

energy. Most pre-painted cool roofs of this type are highly reective an

highly emissive, which signicantly reduces heat gain into the building

climates where cooling loads dominate.

The Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratorys general rule of thumb

states for every 0.01 increment in a roofs solar reectance, the surface

temperature decreases by one degree Fahrenheit.

Building owners also benet from the extended performance of coo

paint systems. Exterior paint nishes normally degrade over time due t

effects of heat, UV rays and moisture. The specially formulated coating

cool metal roofs help lower the roof s temperature and reduce temper

ture uctuation. This reduces the thermal expansion and contraction a

therefore, reduces wear and tear on the roof.

Cool roong has been the subject of many research studies involvin

ORNL that compared the weathering of low- and steep-sloped metal r

in various colors over a three-year period with other types of common

roof materials. From these ndings, ORNL created a model that predict

energy savings of cool roofs compared to black roofs as the benchmar

That modeling has been converted to a user-friendly calculator availab

for general use at www.eren.doe.gov/buildings.

The most important aspect of these ORNL studies is the evaluation

the degradation of metal roong with other types of roong. Results o

testing metal roong material show that over a three-year period a wh

PVDF painted metal roof can retain more than 95 percent of its initial

solar reectance because it sheds dirt more readily. In contrast, other

competing materials show degradation of more than 40 percent primabecause they retain dirt, which darkens the surface.

Metals value in the building envelope has also been recognized in

many federal programs. The commercial building energy incentive for

metal roong in the Energy Policy Act of 2005 was extended to 2013 v

the American Recovery and Re-Investment Act of 2009. This allows a ta

deduction of up to $1.80 per square foot if the building conserves ene

relative to ASHRAE 90.1 standards. Since a cool roof can be considered

to be an energy-effi cient building envelope component, the use of coo

roong can help a building achieve the tax incentive. Many metal roof

are now ENERGY STAR compliant, which qualies the product for some

incentive programs and offers the value of having an energy-effi cient r

atop the building.

Exhibit C: WallsThe same paint systems used for cool roof systems are used for metal w

systems. Energy provisions in some codes and standards now also inclcool wall systems. The ASHRAE Standard 189.1 High Performance Build

Standard, for example, contains provisions that are easily met with coo

metal wall products. Cool wall systems have also been tested by ORNL

and preliminary results show a range of reduction in cooling energy fro

about 10 percent to 20 percent.

Walls can also help achieve higher building performance when

insulated metal panels (IMPs) are used. An IMP is a strong, single unit

constructed of a rigid insulating core of polyurethane or polyisocyanu

foam adhered between two sheets of metal.

IMPs are installed outside the metal stud cavity or other structural

J. DOUGLAS ADAMS MIDDLE SC HOOL FEATURES METAL ROOFING TOPPED BY 82 KW OF SOLAR

PV LAMINATES.


39/76

WHERE WINDOWS ARE JUST THE BEGINNING.

No one makes it easierto upgrade your building.

No one makes it easierto upgrade your building.



40/76ed+c M A Y 1 16


support mechanism. This minimizes thermal bridging while effi ciently

incorporating a water, air and vapor barrier with a single-unit wall assem-

bly that eliminates the need for other materials and construction trade

coordination. IMPs can provide up to 95 percent thermal effi ciency. This

high level of eld performance is veried by their compliance with ASTMC-1363-05 dealing with thermal performance and ASTM C 518 related to

steady-state thermal transmission properties.

Exhibit D: Benefits in LEEDBuilding projects that use metal roof and/or metal wall components and

are seeking certication in the USGBCs LEED program, can qualify forpoints in several categories, including but not limited to:

Energy and Atmosphere Credits, Optimize Energy Performance

Materials and Resources Credit 1.1, Building Reuse

Materials and Resources Credit 2, Construction Waste

Material and Resources

Environmental Design + Construction Magazine - May 2011 (True PDF)

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