Environmental Assessment Report for The Andhra Pradesh District Poverty Initiatives Project E-322 VOL.1 Environment Protection Training and Research Institute Hyderabad Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized
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Environmental Assessment Report for
The Andhra Pradesh District Poverty Initiatives Project
E-322VOL.1
Environment Protection Training and Research InstituteHyderabad
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PREFACE
The Finance and Planning department, Government of Andhra Pradesh, entrusted EPTRI,
Hyderabad with the task of preparing "Environmental Assessment Report". The proposed
environmental management frame addresses
a) Develop environmental screening criteria for the subprojects to be taken up in the six
districts of A.P under AP-DPIP project according to their expected environmental impacts
b) Establish administrative structure for environmental Management
c) Develop a Capacity and Awareness building program
d) Establish Environmental Supervision and Monitoring plan.
A comprehensive study was done to develop a "Screening Checklist", which would screen
the subprojects into different categories depending upon the expected impacts due to the
proposed activities and the level of environmental studies required to come up with suitable
mitigative measures.
EPTRI gratefully acknowledges the help rendered by the State Government departments
(District Collectorates, Panchayat Raj, R&B, Fisheries, Ground water and Forest etc) during
the collection of data for the above project.
EPTRI is also grateful to Mr. Paul J. Martin, Environmental Specialist, the World Bank, for
his active and continuous support during the study.
COMMISSIONER
t1
PROJECT TEAM
PROJECT PLANNING: M. G Gopal
G. Suryanarayana
PROJECT TEAM: G. Anil Kumar
Project Leader
Dr. Aparna
Dr. Uma Ramachandran
I
ContentsCHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION..
1.1 STUDY AREA ........................................................... 11.2 DISTRICT PROFILES ........................................................... 11.2.1 ADILABAD .......................................................... 21.2.2 ANANTAPUR ........................................................... 31.2.3 CHITTOOR ........................................................... 31.2.4 MAHABOOBNAGAR ........................................................... 41.2.5 SRIKAKULAM ........................................................... 51.2.6 VIZAINAGARAM ........................................................... 61.3 SUBPROJECT TYPE ........................................................... 61.4 SCOPE OF WORK ........................................................... 7TASKI ............................................................................................................................... 7TA SKII ............................................................................................................................... 8TA SKII ......... 8TASKIV ...............................................................................................................................8
CHAPTER 2 - ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT 9
2.1 ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS ........................................................... 92.2 CRITERIA FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING ....................................... 102.3 SCREENING PROCEDURE .......................................................... 102.3.1 FIRST STEP: Location of the project .......................................................... 102.3.2 SECOND STEP: Classification of sub projects .......................................... ........ 102.3.3 STEP THREE: Environmental Assessment ......................................................... 112.4 RESPONSIBILITIES .......................................................... 112.4.1 ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW .......................................................... 122.4.2 LIMITED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ................................................... 122.4.3 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTASSESSMENT .................................................... 12
CHAPTER 3 - ENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING CHECKLISTS 14
3.1 LOCATION SENSITIVE CHECKLIST ................................. 143.1.1 HIGHLYSENSITIVEAREAS (A ORD) ................................. 143.1.2 MODERATELYSENSITIVEAREAS (B OR E) ................................. 143.1.3 LESS SENSITIVE AREAS (C) ................................. 143.2 ENVIRONMENTAL ATTRIBUTES FOR CLASSIFICATION OF AREAS.. 14
TABLE:1 LOCATION SENSITIVENESS OF THE AREA ............................. 173.3 GENERIC CHECK LIST ......................................................... 183.3.1 REPAIRS AND UPGRADA TION OF EXISTING FACILITIES .......................... 183.3.2 NEWSUBPROJECTS ......................................................... 193.3.3 ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW (ER) .................................... ..................... 193.3.4 LIMITED ENAVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (LEA) ......................................... 193.3.5 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPA CT ASSESSMENT (EIA) ........................................... 203.4 ENVIRONMENTAL ATTRIBUTES FOR SCREENING AND
CHAPTER 4 - ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE AND DATA MANAGEMENTSYSTEM FOR ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT IN AP-DPIP 35
4.1 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS PROPOSED FOR THE PROJECT .... 354.2 DATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ................................................................ 384.2.1 COST .............................................................. 40
6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ................................... ............................. 516.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SUPERVISION ................................................................. 516.3 ENVIRONMENTAL AUDITING ......................... ........................................ 526.3.1 At sub project level ................................................................ 526.3.2 Environmental out come of DPIP ................................................................ 53TABLE 6 SUGGESTED PARAMETERS FOR AUDITING OF ENVIRONMENTAL OUT COME OF DPIP.. 53
Environmentally beneficial i Environmental Review to beYES, conducted by CFs. Approved
bv DPMU
NO
Environmentally benign _ Environmental Review to beYFS1q o conducted by CFs. Approved
by DPMU
NO
iii Limited EnvironmentalMinor Potential Environmental Assessment to be conducted.Impacts YES It is DPMU staffs responsibility
for contracting approvedenvironmental consultant forcarrying out the study as per
NO LEA guidelines.
Significant Potential Impacts. IV Environmental ImpactAssessment is required. In
YES most cases project will not befunded.
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CHAPTER 3 - ENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING CHECKLISTS
3.1 LOCATION SENSITIVE CHECKLIST
The Location sensitive checklist (LSC) for sub projects shown in Tablel is prepared
taking into consideration environmentally sensitive parameters like terrain, vegetation,
slope, population etc to identify and classify the areas into Environmentally Highly
Sensitive-A, Environmentally Moderately Sensitive-B and Environmentally Less
Sensitive-C.
3.1.1 HIGHLY SENSITIVE AREAS (A OR D)
Those areas where, if the subproject is taken up, the possibility of direct impact with
considerable magnitude due to the project activities is high on the area.
3.1.2 MODERATELY SENSITIVE AREAS (B OR E)
Those areas, within which if the subproject is located, possibility of direct impact of
considerable magnitude on the area due to the proposed activities is low, but the indirect
impacts can be of appreciable magnitude.
3.1.3 LESS SENSITIVE AREAS (C)
Those areas, within which if the subproject is located, the possibility of direct or indirect
impact of appreciable magnitude on the area due to the proposed activities is low.
3.2 ENVIRONMENTAL ATTRIBUTES FOR CLASSIFICATION OF AREAS
The Environmental attributes taken into consideration for the classifications of these
areas are:
1. SLOPE: During the subproject execution, the slope of the terrain will have a significant
influence on the type and magnitude of the environmental impact. Hence based on slope
as criteria (as per Indian Road Congress rules) the areas have been divided into the
following three groups keeping in view the possible type & magnitude of impacts:
A. Mountain or Steep terrain as highly sensitive
B. Rolling or undulating terrain as moderately sensitive
C. Level or plain terrain as less sensitive.
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2. PERENNIAL FRESH WATER BODIES: In order to preserve and reduce the possible
impact due to the proposed subproject activity on the water bodies, these areas have been
classified depending on the distance from the water bodies:
A. The areas within 50 m from the water bodies as highly sensitive
B. The areas between 50 to 500m from the water bodies as moderately sensitive
C. The areas with distance more than 500 m as less sensitive
3. MARINE AND ESTUARINE WETLANDS: In order to preserve and reduce the
possible impact due to the proposed Subproject activity on the ecosystem, these areas have
been classified as
A. The areas within 50 m from the water bodies as highly sensitive
B. The areas between 50 to 500m from the water bodies as moderately sensitive
C. The areas with distance more than 500 m as less sensitive
This attribute is more applicable in case of coastal districts like Srikakulam andVizianagaram.
4. NATURAL HABITATS/VEGETATION/ RESERVED FOREST: In order to
preserve and reduce the possible impact due to the proposed subproject activity on natural
habitats/vegetation/ reserved forest, these areas have been classified as
The areas within 50 m from natural habitats/vegetation/ reserved forest as highly sensitive.
The areas between 50 to 500m from the natural habitats/vegetation/ reserved forest as
moderately sensitive.
The areas with distance more than 500 m from the natural habitats/vegetation/ reserved
forest as less sensitive
5. NATIONAL PARKS AND SANCTUARIES: As these have endangered species or
protected wildlife, no activity must be allowed or encouraged around them. The areas
surrounding them are classified into
The areas within 500 m from National park/ sanctuaries as highly sensitive.
The areas between 500 m to 1 Km from National park! sanctuaries as moderately sensitive.
The areas with distance more than 1 Km from National park/ sanctuaries as less sensitive.
This attribute is more applicable in case of districts like Adilabad, Anantapur, Chittoor
and Mahaboobnagar.
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6. SITES OF CULTURAL OR HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Care must be
taken to preserve the historical monuments and traditional centers of national
/state/local importance. Hence activities which can endanger their existence must be
avoided. The area surrounding them have been classified into
A. The areas within 50 m from sites of cultural or historical significance as highly
sensitive.
B. The areas between 50 to 500m from sites of cultural or historical significance as
moderately sensitive.
C. The areas with distance more than 500 m from sites of cultural or historical
significance as less sensitive
7. POPULATION DENSITY: The villages/ habitations are divided into 2 classes
depending on their population, (1 )Having more than 2000 people and
(2) Having less than 2000 people. This classification is made considering
issues like the amount of resources required (like water etc) and wastes
generated (like waste water, solid waste etc). The distance from the
habitati is used to classify areas to plan suitable mitigative measures to
minimise the adverse impacts of the proposed activity on the people.
D. The areas within 500 m from habitation with a population > 2000 as highly
sensitive.
E. The areas between 500 m to 1 Km from habitation with a population > 2000 as
moderately sensitive.
C. The areas with distance more than 1 Km from habitation with a population > 2000
or the villages with a population < 2000 people as less sensitive.
Table 1 gives the list of environmental attributes taken into consideration for the
classification of these areas
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Table:1 LOCATION SENSITIVENESS OF THE AREAS.no OTHER CHARACTERISTICS SENSITIVITY Please
CATEGORY Tick1 SLOPE ( Cross slope of the country)
Mountainous or steep terrain( Slope > 25% ) ARolling terrain ( slope 10-25%) BLevel or plain terrain ( Slope < 10 %) C
2 PERENNIAL FRESH WATER BODIESDistance of river, channel, drains, lakes, ponds or anyother water bodiesLess than 50 m ABetween 50 and 500 m BMore than 500 m C
3 MARINE AND ESTUARINE WETLANDS _Distance from Creeks/back water/High Tideline/mangrovesLess than 50 m ABetween 50 and 500m BMore than 500m C
4 NATURAL HABITATSNEGETATION/RESERVEDFORESTSDistance from gazette forest reserves /Reed lands/mangroves/ swamp forestLess than 50 m ABetween 50 and 500m BMore than 500m C
5 NATIONAL PARKS AND SANCTUARIESDistance from National Parks or sanctuariesLess than 500 m ABetween 500 and 1 KM BMore than 1 KM C
6 SITES OF CULTURAL OR HISTORICALSIGNIFICANCEDistance from sites of cultural or historical significanceLess than 50 m ABetween 50 and 500m BMore than 500m C
7 POPULATION DENSITYDistance from nearest habitation with a populationmore than 2000 peopleLess than 500m D500 to 1 Km EMore than 1 Km C
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The community facilitator will classify the location of the proposed subproject into one
of the 3 categories for each of the attributes in the location sensitive checklist. The area is
declared as category A, if it falls under it at least incase of one attribute in checklist. Else,
in case of the area not falling under category A, if it falls under B for at least one attribute
then it is declared as category B. Else it is declared as category C.
3.3 GENERIC CHECK LISTWhile preparing the Generic checklist the following issues were given due importance
1) These projects are basically meant for meeting the minimum requirements of the
habitats.
2) The cost of the sub projects is less than $ 100,000 and in many cases is around 40,000
to 50,000 US dollars.
3) There is no major rehabilitation required for taking up these projects.
Depending on the subproject type, activities and location, the checklist identifies the level
of environmental analysis or study required for the proposed subproject. In some cases
the sub projects have also been classified depending on parameters like number of
people, size of the project, area affected, ground water utilization and depth etc to
incorporate the already existing guidelines or standards being followed by the concerned
departments in their already existing or completed projects.
Hence keeping the above issues in view the sub projects have been mostly divided into
three categories: a) Repairs or Rehabilitation b) Up gradation and c) New ones depending
upon type of expected activities, their impacts and level of environmental analysis
required.
3.3.1 REPAIRS AND UPGRADATION OF EXISTING FACILITIESAs the subproject under consideration is already existing, it only needs to be improvised
to meet today's needs and demands, and to increase its utilization and survival. In most of
these cases the impacts of these activities are not of considerable magnitude. Hence an
environmental review with suitable and standard mitigative measures is sufficient to take
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up the project. In very few cases due to some environmentally sensitive conditions a
Limited Environmental Assessment may be required.
3.3.2 NEW SUBPROJECTS
In most of the cases, the impacts due to the proposed activity may have to be reviewed
from a broader perspective with more details. It may require more information and data
of the prevailing conditions in order to take up suitable mitigative measures or look into
other possible altematives.
In few cases due to a number of inter linking conditions and factors the subprojects may
require a detailed Environmental Impact Assessment to know the environmental impact
of the project. The Table 2 gives the generic checklist.
3.3.3 ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW (ER)It refers to a very simple level of environmental assessment. It does not require
sophisticated environmental expertise and can be adequately completed by the
community facilitator. The checklist basically identifies all the possible impacts due to
the proposed activity perceived from the past experiences of similar projects. It also
provides suitable mitigative measures to reduce or nullify the adverse impacts expected.
The community facilitators can identify the likely and applicable impacts of the proposed
subproject from the ones listed in the relevant checklist. Then he must look into the
corresponding mitigative measures suggested and see that they are implemented. The ER
checklists are annexed.
3.3.4 LIMITED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (LEA)Certain projects might have some unforeseen impacts. In order to withstand these
impacts, one needs to know the profile of the region and the projects in greater detail.
LEA helps in equipping with the relevant information with the help of which any number
of unforeseen impacts can be managed with certain mitigative measures. Thus, a
subproject requiring a LEA needs to be reviewed by an environmental/technical
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specialist. The information regarding baseline conditions and potential site-specific
impacts must be analysed. The outline for collection of baseline information is given in
the LEA checklist. The mitigative measures recommended by the expert must be
incorporated into the design by the community facilitators or the implementers of the
project.
For subprojects requiring a LEA, it is important to monitor the work, both during
construction and also operation to ensure that mitigative measures are implemented and
that no unforeseen negative impacts are left unmanaged. The LEA checklists are
annexed.
3.3.5 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA)
An EIA would be required in the event of significant direct or indirect impacts due to the
proposed subproject. Such subprojects would generally be subjected to national
requirement for an EIA. The necessity of a full EIA appears to be very rare for DPIP
subprojects: normally, a subproject requiring this kind of environmental analysis would
be refused funding.
3.4 ENVIRONMENTAL ATTRIBUTES FOR SCREENING AND
CLASSIFICATION OF SUBPROJECTS
1 RURAL ROADS
Considering the activities associated with the repair and up gradation of rural roads, the
impact will be marginal and can be addressed by standard mitigative measures. Hence ER
with standard mitigative measures is sufficient to take up these projects in all categories
of areas.
For construction of new roads/widening in areas (B, C, D and E) LEA is required because
the impacts due to the proposed activities are far fetched and must be looked into from a
broader perspective. They may require more information and data (location specific
features like slope and drainage pattern etc) to come up with suitable mitigative
measures.
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In the case of construction of new road/widening falling under category A (e.g. area very
close to sanctuaries or hilly terrain), the sub project may have significant and long-term
impact, which needs detailed impact evaluation. Hence it requires an EIA.
2 BRIDGES
The sub projects under this category generally constitute repairs to the existing bridges or
construction of new bridges on existing roads. Considering the activities associated with
the sub project and the costs allocated, the impact will be marginal irrespective of the
location. Hence an ER with suitable and standard mitigative measures is sufficient to take
up the project.
Where as in the case of construction of new minor bridges in all areas, site specific data
(like drainage pattern of the area, upstream and down stream activities etc) is required for
evaluating the impact of the project on the surroundings and to suggest suitable
mitigative measures. Hence it requires a LEA.
3 COMMUNITY HALLSKeeping in view the utilization of the multi purpose community halls (for activities like
social functions, community festivals, cyclone rehabilitation etc.) and the activities
associated with repair and rehabilitation in all areas and construction of new community
halls in areas falling under category B, C, E, the impacts on the surrounding environment
will be marginal and concern mostly waste disposal considerations. Hence they can be
addressed by standard mitigative measures. So an ER with standard mitigative measures
regarding waste disposal, sanitation facilities etc., is sufficient to take up the project.
In case of D and A categories which are nearer to sensitive zones like sanctuaries and
habitats etc., LEA is required because the impacts due to the proposed activities on
surrounding environment should be looked into specific to the context of cyclone
rehabilitation, community fetes and festivals etc. Hence it may require more information
and data (location specific features like water availability and ground water details) to
come up with suitable mitigative measures.
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4 SCHOOLS / TRAINING CENTERS / OTHER EDUCATIONAL CENTERSKeeping in view the proposed activities for which it will be used (like residential hostels,
schools etc.) and the activities during repair and rehabilitation (in all categories), the
impact on the surrounding environment will be marginal and can. be addressed by
standard mitigative measures. Hence an ER with standard mitigative measures is
sufficient to take up the project.
In case of construction of new ones (in all categories) the evaluation of impacts due to the
waste generation on the surrounding environment will require more site specific
information and data (like quantity of waste generated, ground water levels, drainage
pattern etc) to come up with suitable mitigative measures.
5 HEALTH CENTERS/ CLINICSThe health centers are meant for health care in the village. Owing to the gravity of the
cases, the quantity and characteristics of wastes (organic especially biomedical and
inorganic) generated and the population of habitats (number of people using the facility),
the impact on the surrounding environment will be marginal and concern mainly disposal
of waste, both biomedical and general. As the scale of the projects is very small, these
issues can be addressed by following standard mitigative measures. Hence an ER with
suitable and standard mitigative measures is sufficient to take up the project in B, C, D, E
category areas.
Whereas in case of health centers located in category A will require site specific data like
the degree of impact that can be allowed taking into consideration the importance of the
area and species in the surrounding for careful handling and disposal of the wastes
generated. Hence a LEA is required.
6 MARKETS
Keeping in view the proposed activities, the quantity and characteristics of wastes
(organic and inorganic) generated and the population of habitations (number of people
using the facility), the impact on the surrounding environment will be marginal and
concern mainly waste disposal. Hence they can be addressed by standard mitigative
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measures. Therefore, an ER with suitable and standard mitigative measures is sufficient
to take up the project in B, C and E category areas.
The location of Markets/ Commercial centers in category A and D must be avoided as far
as possible. The amount of organic and inorganic waste generated will be of considerable
magnitude posing health problems, increasing congestion and enhancing the human
interference in the sensitive/protected areas. In case of unavoidable circumstances an EIA
study is required for clearance of such subprojects.
7 DRINKING WATER SUPPLYSURFACE WATER
Keeping in view the proposed activities during up gradation of multipurpose communal
ponds and the waste (organic and inorganic) generated due to such activities on the
surrounding environment, the impacts will be marginal and can be addressed by standard
mitigative measures. Hence an ER with suitable and standard mitigative measures is
sufficient to take up the project.
In case of construction of new multipurpose communal ponds in areas C and E which are
environmentally less sensitive require a ER as the impact due to change in drainage
pattern on the aquatic life will be minimal and standard mitigative measures can be
suggested to reduce them. LEA will be required is case of subprojects located in
category B as it may require more information and data (location specific features like
drainage pattern, aquatic life etc.) to come up with suitable mitigative measures.
The construction of new multipurpose communal ponds in category A and D must be
avoided as far as possible. As Problems associated water stagnation and change in
drainage pattern can have irreversible damage in the sensitive areas (like A) and spread
diseases in the surrounding areas (like D). In case of unavoidable circumstances an EIA
study is required for clearance of such subprojects.
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GROUND WATER
NEW OR UP GRADATION OF (TUBE WELLS/OPEN WELLS)
In case of dark areas where the ground water exploitation is more than 85% of the
available water, the upgradation or new construction of tube wells will require a LEA
because the impacts due to the proposed activities may result in depletion of water
resources. Moreover it may require additional information and data (location specific
features like drainage pattern, groundwater aquifer details etc) to come up with suitable
mitigative measures. In case of Grey or white area the impact on the surrounding
environment will be marginal and can be addressed by standard mitigative measures.
Hence an ER with suitable and standard mitigative measures is sufficient to take up the
project.
DRINKING WATER TREATMENT PLANT
-Drinking water treatment plant must be allowed only in area C and B considering the
area required and the type of activities like quantity of water stored and different
activities related to treatment. It requires a LEA because the impacts due to the proposed
activities may have to be looked into from a broader perspective and will require
additional information and data (location specific features like drainage pattern,
elevations, ground water table etc) to come up with suitable mitigative measures.
The location of Treatment plants must be must be avoided in other area as far as possible.
But in case of unavoidable circumstances an EIA study is required for clearance of such
subprojects in category E areas. As they requires a suitable site identification study-to be
carried for finalisation of the location.
PIPED WATER SUPPLY OR GRAVITY SCHEMES
The major activities in this subproject are digging, laying of pipes and refilling the trench.
The impact of these activities on the surrounding environment will be marginal and can
be addressed by standard mitigative measures. Hence an ER with suitable and standard
mitigative measures is sufficient to take up the project in categories B, C, D, E. Whereas
in case of subprojects located in category A require site specific data to propose suitable
mitigative measures. Hence a LEA is required.
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8. SANITATION FACILITIESThe individual latrines with soak pits in areas where the ground water depth is within 10
m require a LEA because the possibility of ground water contamination has to be looked
into. This will require additional information and data (location specific features like
ground water table, aquifer characteristics and ground water movement etc) to come up
with suitable mitigative measures. Where as in areas where the ground water depth is
more than 1 Om the possibility of ground water contamination is less. Hence the impact of
these activities on the surrounding environment will be marginal and can be addressed by
standard mitigative measures. Hence an ER with suitable and standard mitigative
measures is sufficient to take up the project.
The community open channel drainage system is mostly required in C, D and E category
areas. It may create foul odor, health risks and community conflicts. In order to address
these problems, site specific information is required for suggesting suitable mitigative
measures. Hence a LEA is required. Where as in case of subprojects located in category
A & B require an EIA as a detailed study is required to identify suitable mitigative
measures to minimise the impact. Some of the impacts can create serious environmental
and health problems that will be irreversible if not managed properly.
The compost pits must be allowed only in category C area as they can create serious
environmental and health problems. It requires an EIA because in some cases there might
be irreversible environmental damage due to the proposed activity. So an in depth study
is required to propose suitable mitigative measures.
9 SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL
Keeping in view the proposed activities, the quantity and characteristic of wastes (organic
and inorganic) generated and the population using the facility, the impact on the
surrounding environment will be marginal and can be addressed by standard mitigative
measures. Hence an ER with suitable and standard mitigative measures is sufficient to
take up the project.
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The construction of new waste disposal sites must be allowed only in category C areas as
they can create serious environmental, health problems and social conflicts. It requires an
EIA because in some cases there might be irreversible environmental damage due to the
proposed activity. So an in depth study is required to propose suitable mitigative
measures.
10 FLOOD/ EROSION PROTECTION BARRIERSThe impacts of structural barriers (dams, reservoirs, dikes etc) and non-structural barriers
(involving zoning, floodplain regulations) vary from each other. The project overall
would be beneficial as flooding recharges soil moisture and helps in preservation of
topsoil and nutrient enrichment. The activities related to the subproject would involve
only marginal impacts and can be addressed by standard mitigative measures, which are
sufficient to take up the project. Only in case of construction of new embankments with
height greater than 2 m in category A areas may require a LEA. As site specific
information like area that will get submerges and water-logging etc is required for
predicting the magnitude of impacts.
1-1 MINOR IRRIGATION
TUBE WELLS
In dark areas as there is over exploitation of the ground water and any additional pressure
on it must be very carefully analysed from the environmental point of view. It requires an
in depth study to avoid grave environmental problems. Hence an EIA is required.
Moreover these must be allowed only in Category C so that there is protect highly
sensitive and moderately sensitive areas from further exploitation of ground water.
In Grey areas suitable mitigative measures are to be suggested to prevent the region from
becoming a dark area. For this purpose site-specific information such as aquifer details,
ground water availability etc., is required. They must be allowed only in category C, and
E, to avoid conversion of forests to agricultural use. Hence a LEA needs to be carried out.
The sanction of new bore holes in category B areas must be avoided as far as possible. As
they may initiate series of impacts of which some be irreversible. Hence requires an EIA
for their sanctions.
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In the case of white areas as the pressure on ground water is less the impact due to the
proposed activity on the environment will be marginal and can be addressed by standard
mitigative measures in category C and E areas. Hence for these ER with standard
mitigative measures is sufficient to take up the project in Category C and E. In case of
projects at category B will require an LEA as site specific data (like as aquifer details,
topography etc) are required to predict the impacts and suitable mitigative measures.
Where as in case of sanction of new bore holes in category A areas must be avoided as
far as possible. As they may initiate series of impacts of which some be irreversible.
Hence requiring an EIA.
CHECK DAMS, PONDS, LAKES AND PERCOLATION TANKS
REHABILITATION OF EXISTING STRUCTURES
Keeping in view the proposed activities in the subproject and the waste (organic and
inorganic) generated the impact on the surrounding environment will be marginal and can
be addressed by standard mitigative measures for sub projects located in categories C and
E. Hence an ER with suitable and standard mitigative measures is sufficient to take up the
project. Where as a LEA is required in case of sub projects located in Category B areas,
as it requires site specific information (like drainage pattern, and aquatic life etc).
CONSTRUCTION OF NEW STRUCTURES
In the case of construction of new ones LEA is required as the impacts due to the
proposed activities may have to be looked into from a broader perspective. Hence it may
require more information and data (location specific features like drainage pattern,
aquatic life, submergence area details etc) to come up with suitable mitigative measures.
They must be allowed only in category C and E to avoid conversion of forests to
agricultural use. . But in case of unavoidable circumstances an EIA study is required for
clearance of such subprojects in category B areas.
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IRRIGATION CHANNEL
REHABILITATION OF EXISTING CHANNELS
Keeping in view the proposed activities in the subproject and the waste (organic and
inorganic) generated the impact on the surrounding environment will be marginal and can
be addressed by standard mitigative measures. Hence an ER with suitable and standard
mitigative measures is sufficient to take up the project. They must be allowed only in
category C and E to avoid conversion of forests to agricultural use. Where as a LEA is
required in case of sub projects located in Category B areas, as it requires site specific
information (like drainage pattern, and aquatic life etc). But in case of unavoidable
circumstances an EIA study is required for clearance of such subprojects in category A
areas.
CONSTRUCTION OF NEW CHANNELS
In case of construction of new ones LEA is required as the impacts due to the proposed
activities may have to be looked into from a broader perspective. Hence it may require
more information and data (location specific features like drainage pattern, and aquatic
life etc) to come up with suitable mitigative measures. They must be allowed only in
category C and E areas to avoid conversion of forests or sensitive areas to agricultural
use. But in case of unavoidable circumstances an EIA study is required for clearance of
such subprojects in category B areas.
12 CROPS
IMPROVED FARM/CROP MANAGEMENT
GREY AND WHITE AREAS
The project includes new and improved techniques of farming so as to improve crop
varieties as well as management practices so that better yield is obtained in a limited area
of given land. The activity is environmentally beneficial but needs an ER so as to
maintain the improved condition on a long-term basis.
DARK AREA
It will require a LEA because the impacts due to the proposed activities (like suitability
of soil, increase in water uses and fertilizers etc) may have to be looked into from a
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broader perspective. Moreover location specific features (like drainage pattern, type of
soil, microenvironment and type of fertilizers used etc) are required to come up with
suitable mitigative measures. They must be allowed only in category C areas to avoid
conversion of forests or sensitive areas to agricultural use.
AGRICULTURE TOOL DEVELOPMENT
Keeping in view the type of agricultural tools developed and the number, the impact of
the proposed activity on the surrounding environment will be marginal and can be
addressed by standard mitigative measures. Hence an ER with suitable and standard
mitigative measures is sufficient to take up the project. They must be allowed in category
B, C, D and E to minimise/discourage the use of forest and sensitive area resources like
(felling of trees or animal bones etc) for tool development.
13 HORTICULTURE
DARK AREA
An activity related with extraction of the ground water in dark areas must be evaluated
carefully to avoid the serious environmental problems (micro climatic changes eg
conversion to barren lands etc). Hence it requires a LEA as additional information and
data (location specific features like drainage pattern, ground water potential, quantity of
water required and type of fertilizers used etc) is required to come up with suitable
mitigative measures. They must be allowed only in category C and E areas to avoid
reduction of availability of water to habitats or conversion of sensitive areas for the above
purpose. It must be discouraged to take up such activities in category B areas. But in
unavoidable situation a detailed environmental analysis is requires to identify the possible
impacts of the proposed activity on the environment and to come up with suitable
mitigative measures. Hence an EIA is required
GREY AND WHITE AREAS
The impact of the activities involved with horticulture (like use of ground water or
surface etc) on the surrounding environment will be marginal and can be addressed by
standard mitigative measures. Hence an ER with suitable and standard mitigative
measures is sufficient to take up the project. They can be allowed in category B, C, D and
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E areas. The use of category A areas must be avoided to protect them from land cleaning
and encroachments. In unavoidable circumstances an EIA study must be carried for
taking a decision regarding clearance of the project.
14 ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
SHEEP REARING, DAIRY AND POULTRY FARM (stall fed)
The activities under the project are intended to support the livestock population providing
stall-feeding facilities to prevent grazing in the surrounding areas or encroaching into
core forest lands. The project will involve sheep rearing, dairy, poultry farming. The
impacts arising through these are negligible and can be undertaken with the help of an ER
with standard mitigative measures in cases of sub projects involving Dairy and sheep in
categories C, B & E areas and Poultry form in category C.
*A LEA is required for sub projects involving Poultry form in category B and sheep
rearing which are not stall-fed, as location specific information like water availability,
vegetation, demography and drainage pattem of the area is required for predicting the
impacts.
MANUAL SLAUGHTER HOUSES OF SMALL CAPACITIES
Waste disposal in manual slaughterhouses of small capacities being minimal, the impacts
arising through this are negligible and can be undertaken as per the suggested standard
mitigative measures through an ER in category C areas. Where as the ones proposed in
category B require site specific information like the water availability demography and
drainage pattem to identify the possible impacts (like the health risk surface water
contamination & odor nuisances) and suitable mitigative measures.
SLAUGHTER HOUSES OF GREATER CAPACITY/SEMI-
MECHANICAL/MECHANICAL
For the above project, waste disposal issues have to be considered in depth to avoid
health risks and contamination by seepage of wastes and therefore needs to be considered
for a LEA in category C areas. Where as a EIA is required in Category B areas.
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1 5 SERICULTURESericulture is a highly remunerative programme and therefore helps in increasing the
economic gains of the local population. It can also be supported in the conventional fields
along margins, along contours of less slopy areas, and in the form of terrace cultivation
along highly sloppy regions. The impacts due to the sericulture on environment are very
marginal, as all types of wastes such as waste from reeling units, double cocoons, silk
waste, pupae etc are put to use in some form or the other. The only problem that can be
foreseen is the use of dyes and wastes from dyes. Hence suitable standard mitigative
measures through an Environmental Review are sufficient to take up the project in
category C area. Where as LEA will be required in case of sub projects located in
category B areas, as site specific information (like water availability, drainage pattern etc)
is required to predict the possible impacts.
16 ENERGY
The sub projects in energy involve using of smokeless chulhas or fuel -efficient cooking
stoves. As these are environmentally beneficial but still need to be looked into regarding
Fuel wood resources, an Environmental Review with suitable measures would be
sufficient.
17 RESTOCKING OF COMMUNAL PONDSThese projects involve increase in fish production, than the normally available fish stock
by restocking them in the existing communal ponds. It is environmentally benign but
needs an ER to ensure proper management to avoid over dense fish population,
introduction of exotic species etc. which would lead to loss of productivity due to spread
of disease. A careful selection of species is therefore required.
18 PASTURE DEVELOPMENT / SOCIAL FORESTRY
The project has a number of positive impacts by way of planting of species for fodder,
fuel and fruit production to meet the needs of the inhabiting human and livestock
population. It can enhance slope stabilization, form shelter belts and act as wind breaks,
form live fences etc. and helps in increasing the soil fertility, moisture content and soilnutrients. However, it needs an ER with standard mitigative measures in category areasB and C. This is because care must be taken with regard to the choice of species for
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specific purposes, suitable to the region taken up for the project. Also the activity is to be
restricted only to the buffer zones and should not be allowed to encroach the core forest
areas keeping in view the serenity of the habitat.
Table: 2 GENERIC CHECKLIST
S. no Subproject Type Screening categoryER LEA EIA
1 Rural Roadsa) Repair A,B,C,D,Eb) Upgrading without widening A,B,C,D,Ec) Construction of a new road/widening B,C,D,E A
2 Bridgesa) Repair A,B,C,D.Eb) Upgrading, widening A,B,C,D,Ec) Construction of new bridge
1) Piped Culverts A,B,C,D,E2) Minor Bridges A,B,C,D,E
3 Community Hallsa) Repairing/Rehabilitation A,B,C,D,Eb) Construction of new.one B,C,D,E A,D
4 School /training centers/ educational centersa) Repairs/Rehabilitationb) Construction of new ones A,B,C,D,E
A,B,C,D,E5 Health centers/clinics B,C,D,E A6 Markets/Commercial centers B,C,E A,D7 Drinking water supply
a) Surface Water multipurpose communalpond1) Up gradation A,B,C,D,E2) Construction C,E B D,A
b) Ground water (New or Up gradation of (tube/open) wells)1) Dark Areas A,B,C,D,E2) Grey or White areas A,B,C,D,E
c) Treatment plant with balancing tank, C,B Efiltration and chlorinating system
d) Piped water supply or gravity schemes B,C,D,E A8 Sanitation facilities
a) Individual household latrines with soakpits1) Depth of ground water < 1 Om A,B,C,D,E2) Dept of groundwater> 10m A,B,C,D,E
b) Community open channel drainage C,D,E A,Bsystem
c) Compost Pits C
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S. no Subproject Type ScreeningcategoryER LEA EIA
9 Solid waste disposala) Up gradation of existing collection A,B,C,D,E
(segregation) and disposal systemb) Construction of new waste disposal sites ( C
ex land fills )10 Flood / erosion protection barriers ( soil
protection)a) Rehabilitation of existing embankment A,B,C,D,Eb) Construction of new embankment < 2 m AB,C,D,Ec) Construction of new embankment >2 m B,C,D,E Ad) Lining of river banks (with rocks, poles, A,B,C,D,E
etc.)11 Minor-Irrigation projects
a) Tube wells1) Dark areas C2) Grey C,E B3) White areas C,E B A
b) Check dams, pond, lakes and percolationtanks1) Rehabilitation of existing ones C,E B2) Construction of new ones C,E B
(Submergence area < 0.5 Ha)c) Irrigation Channels
1) Rehabilitation of existing ones C,E B A2) Construction of new ones C,E B
12 Cropsa) Improved farm/crop management
1) Grey or white areas B,C,D,E2) Dark areas C
b) Agriculture tool development C,D,E B. 13 Horticulture with new irrigation source
a) Dark areas C,E Bb) Grey or white areas B,C,D,E A
14 Animal Husbandrya) Dairy and sheep ( Stall feed) C,B,Eb) Poultry form C Bc) Slaughterhouse
The APDPIP project is proposed to be initially implemented in three districts with a
project cost of RS 6000 millions to be spread over a period of five years. The number ofsub projects that shall be funded will be around 2000 to 5000. These sub projects will be
spread over 10 to 15 mandals of each district over a period of five years. From the
generic checklist it can be seen that there are about 17 category of sub-projects with each
category being again subdivided.
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The process of environmental information collection and status of project with respect to
environmental issues related to it has to be maintained effectively for initiating prompt
action and effective implementation of the project. Moreover to speed up the process of
environmental clearances and reduce delays, an effective data documentation system that
is easy to handle with in-built warning system to identify and reduce delays and easy to
transfer information among different units must be setup.
Number of sub-projects that shall be funded are in thousands and these will be
1) Spread over five years
2) Will be implemented in different mandals of the districts, being handed by different
individuals at different stages of the project.
3) The sub projects shall be in different categories requiring environmental inputs from
different units of APDPIP and external agencies.
In the above context it becomes very difficult for manual maintenances of environmental
status of all projects by the available staff. Hence for prompt handling of environmental
issues and systematic documentation a user friendly computer documentation system is
required.
The proposed Environmental Information Documentation System (EIDS) shall contain
following modules
a) Status of environmental clearance procedure (Environmental issues)
b) Status of environmental activities and responsibilities in ongoing projects
c) Information on completed project and environmental reports
As the environmental information related to the projects will be maintained at the DPMW
level hence the EIDS shall be installed and maintained at DPMU. The Environmental
Officer and Computer operator at DPMU shall input the required information and down
load the information required as per their requirements.
EIDS can be integrated with the overall project management system software.
The Project Coordinator, Senior Environmental Officer and Computer operator at SPMU
and Project Directors, Environmental Officer and Computer operator at SPMU will be
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EPTRI Environmental Assessment Report
trained in Data Entry and Operation of the Environmental Information Documentation
System.
The Environmental Information Documentation System shall be developed using Oracle
and Visual Basic packages on NT Platform. The end uses ( DPIP staff) need not know the
above packages for using the EIDS.
4.2.1 COST
The cost for development of Environmental Information Documentation System Package
shall be RS 6,00,000 (six Lakhs only) . The breakup for the above amount is given below
1) Development of Environmental Information 4,00,000
Documentation System package
2) Training for the APDPIP staff and at DPMU 2,00,000
(5 day training for 15 people)
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Table 3 ENVIRONMENTAL ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTUREUnit Personnel Reporting to Responsibilities
SPMU 1) Project Director 1) To appoint an environmental agency to undertake a range of environmental activities.
2) Contact an independent non-governmental organisation to conduct an Environmental Audit of the2) Sub Project DPIP once every two years.
Appraisal Expert Project 1) If the sub-project costing more than Rs 10 lakh requires an EIA study then request for cost
(SPAE) Director at estimated of the study to Environmental agency.
SPMU 2) Decide on funding of Sub-projects requiring EIA by comparison of the EIA costs and expected
economic benefits.
DPMU Sub Project 1) Project 1) To Verify if the CFs are correctly using the LSC, GC and ERG and environmental mitigative
Appraisal Expert director at measures included in the approved subproject proposal are implemented.
(SPAE) DPMU 2) To contract Environmental consultants from the approved list of consultants for carrying out LEA
2) Sub project 3) For subprojects requiring ELAs and costing less than Rs. 10 lakh, request an estimate of EIA cost
appraisal from the EA; If the EIA cost is less than 20% of the total cost of the subproject proposal,
expert at subproject preparation may continue at the DPMU's discretion. In this case, the DPMU must
SPMU contract the EIA from the EA.
4) For subprojects requiring EIAs and costing more than Rs. 10 lakh, forward the subproject
proposal to the SPMU.
5) Submit the supervision report to the SPAE at SPMU.
6) Supervise and communication with EC, CF and CIGs
7) To brief the Project Director at DPMU and SPAE at SPMU on status of environmental issues
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Unit Personnel Reporting Responsibilities
to
CIGs/CF Community Sub project 1) CF will screen the sub projects using the Location Sensitivity Checklist (LSC) and Generic
facilitator appraisal Checklist (GC) included in the Environmental Assessment Report (EAR). In most cases, it is
expert at expected that the checklists will indicate that only an Environmental Review (ER) is required,
DPMU which will also be conducted by the CFs using the Environmental Review Guidelines (ERG)
included in the EAR.
2) Submit project proposals along with the LSC, GC, to SPAE at DPMU.
3) If ER is required as per the GC, then CF will also be conduct it.
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Unit Personnel Reporting to Responsibilities SuggestionsEnvironmen Institute I Project 1) Prepare list of approved environmental consultants for carrying out It must be a reputed
tal agency Director at . LEA study. institution having
SPMU 2) Prepare cost estimates for carrying out LEA study for the sub- experience in
2) Sub project projects. 1) Carrying out EIA
appraisal expert 3) On request form DPMU or SPMU, prepare cost estimates for studies
at SPMU carrying out EIA study for the sub-project. 2) Developing
4) On request from DPMU or SPMU carryout the EIA. Environmental
5) To develop and conduct environmental training modules for modules for training
environmental capacity building.
6) Six monthly supervision of the sub-projects as per the guidelines
given in chapter on Monitoring and supervision.
7) Monitoring of environmental conditions as per the guidelines given
in chapter on Monitoring and supervision.
Environmen Institute Sub project 1) Attend training conducted by the Environmental Agency on the It must be a reputed
tal appraisal expert requirements of a LEA. institution having
consultancy at DPMU 2) To carry out LEA study as per the LEA guidelines included in the experience in
Environmental assessment report. 3) Carrying out EIA
studies
4) Developing
Environmental
modules for training
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Unit Personnel Reporting to Responsibilities Suggestions. Environmen Institute Sub project 5) Attend training conducted by the Environmental Agency on the It must be a reputed
tal appraisal expert requirements of a LEA. institution having
consultancy at DPMU 6) To carry out LEA study as per the LEA guidelines included in the experience in
Environmental assessment report. 7) Carrying out EIA
studies
8) Developing
Environmental
modules for training
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EPTRI Assessment of environmental criteria
CHAPTER 5- ENVIRONMENTAL CAPACITY BUILDING STRATEGY
FOR APDPIP
Sustainable development essentially meant development of the present generation without
affecting the posterity. It encompasses development of two important aspects viz.,
development of people and that of environment. Thus it is pertinent to take precautions that
environment is also improved while addressing the improvement of the socio-economic well
being of the people. It thus necessitates equipping people to take care of their environment
while improving their social and economic environment. Since the APDPIP project is
basically a social fund project aiming at people's involvement in their own development, the
target group for training in environment also basically hails from the same section of the
society. Apart from them, the authorities who screen the proposals for social fund projects at
various levels and thus facilitate development also need to be aware of the environmental
dimension of development.
One of the principal tasks of the Environmental Agency appointed by the SPMU will be to
provide adequate training to allow the CFs, DPMU and SPMU staff, and approved
environmental consultants to fulfill their environmental responsibilities. To meet this goal, it
was agreed that the EA should prepare four training Modules, to be given on demand as
requested by the SPMU. These Modules shall be prepared in close consultation with the
SPMU training expert. The four training courses are
1. Environmental Awareness Raising for DPIP Beneficiaries
2. Basic Environmental Screening and Mitigation for Community Facilitators
3. Environmental Screening and Mitigation for DPMU and SPMU Staff
4. Limited Environmental Assessment for Environmental Consultants
5.1 ENVIRONMENTAL CAPACITY BUILDING MODULES
COURSE 1: ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS RAISING FOR DPIP BENEFICIARIES
Ultimately, the prevention of environmental damage and promotion of environmental
improvements under the DPIP will depend on the enthusiasm and understanding of the
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EPTRI Assessment of environmental criteria
subproject beneficiaries. Enviromnental awareness raising modules shall help in wider DPIP
grass-roots publicity and information effort.
Course content
These modules shall highlight the need for environmental protection, and promote activities
for enviromnental improvement that may be supported by the DPIP. The use of creative
mechanisms for grass-roots communication, such as theatre, will be considered with the
guidance of the SPMU and DPMU training expert.
Total course duration
Enviromnental awareness raising will be integrated into the public awareness programme of
the DPIP. Considering that, each district has at least 10 mandals where the sub-projects shall
be taken up, there are a total of 30 (3xIO) mandals in the 3 districts where the project is
proposed.
The course shall be of half-day duration with 50 participants per batch. The course shall be
conducted for 3 days per mandal (that is six batches per mandal).
The total duration of the course for 30 mandals shall be 90 days.
Location
Since the community is large in number, it is better to organise this course in respective
mandal headquarters.
Cost of training
The cost for carrying out Course I shall be RS 60,000 (sixty thousand only) per Mandal that
is RS 20,000 ( Twenty thousand per day). The total cost for 90 days training programme shall
be 18,00,000 /- (eighteen Lakhs 50 thousand only).
Course II: BASIC ENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING AND MITIGATION FOR
COMMUNITY FACILITATORS
To enable the CFs to effectively apply the LSC, GC and ERG, the Environmental agency
shall prepare and deliver courses on Basic Environmental Screening and Mitigation. In this
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EPTRI Assessment of environmental criteria
course, the most fundamental environmental issues and problems that can be expected in a
given project will be described and the standard mitigation measures will be taught using the
checklists and guidelines prepared for the APDPIP.
Course content
The course shall be tailored to emphasize local environmental issues. The CFs will be trained
with a practical orientation to carry out LSC, GC and ERG for the sub-projects. There are 20
or more sub projects for which Environmental Review guidelines are already made.
Total course duration
Considering that, each mandal has at least 25 villages, there are a total of 250 (25xIO)
villages in each district. There will be at least 4 community volunteers / facilitators per
village who would be coordinating the proposals for sub projects. Hence there will be 100
CFs / CV per mandal and 1000 (lOOx 0) from each district.
The course shall be of one-day duration with 20 participants per batch. The course shall be
conducted for 5 days per mandal (that is five batches per mandal).
The total duration of the course for 30 mandals shall be 150 days.
Depending on demand, these courses shall either be given at the district or mandal level.
The total course duration will be 150 days (50 day per district in 3 districts)
Location
Depending on demand, these courses shall either be given at the district or mandal
headquarters.
Cost of training
The cost for carrying out Course II shall be RS 1,00,000 (one lakh only) per Mandal that is
RS 20,000 (Twenty thousand) per day. The total cost for 150 days training programme shall
be RS 30,00,000 /- (Rs thirty Lakhs only).
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EPTRI Assessment of environmental criteria
Course III: ENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING AND MITIGATION FOR DPMU AND
SPMU STAFFTo ensure that DPIP staff at the district and state levels understand the objectives of the
Environmental Management Framework (EMF), and are equipped to implement it
effectively, the EA will prepare and deliver courses on Environmental Screening and
Mitigation for DPMU and SPMU personnel.
Line department staff at district level will be consulted for subproject preparation and
implementation. Apart from them, the Project Directors and the Project offices also can be
trained in order to have a check on the technical committee.
This course has to be given to following people
SNO Personal/Designation Level Number
1 Project director SPMU 1
Project Officers 4
2 Project Directors (lx3) DPMW 3
Project officers (4x3) 12
Members from district line 18
departments (6x3)
Therefore, the total number of trainees for this course shall be 38.
Course content
These courses shall cover all elements of the EMF, including ER, LEA and EIA, as
well as the environmental supervision, monitoring and auditing requirements.
Total course duration
The course shall be of five-day duration with 19 participants per batch.
The total duration of the course for 2 batches shall be 10 days.
Location
The course will be conducted at Hyderabad and working lunch shall be provided.
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EPTRI Assessment of environmental criteria
Cost of training
The cost for carrying out Course III shall be RS 2,50,000 (two lakh fifty thousand only) per
Batch that is RS 50,000 (fifty thousand) per day. The total cost for 10 days training
programme shall be RS 5,00,000 /- (five Lakhs only).
Course IV: LIMITED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR ENVIRONMENTALCONSULTANTS
One of the duties of the Environmental Agency will be to compile a list of approved
environmental consultants (about 7 per district) from which the DPMUs may select experts to
conduct LEAs. In addition to appropriate qualifications and experience, it will be a pre-
condition for inclusion in the approved list that environmental consultants attend a short
course on the application of the LEAG.
Course content
The course contains an orientation to the basic tenets of Limited Environmental Assessment.
There are more than 10 projects for which a LEA has to be carried. The shall address
1) The local environmental issues of concern and impact of the sub-project on theme
2) Steps involved in conduction the LEA study
The course shall be tailor-maid district wise to incorporate local environmental issues of
concern.
Total course duration
Considering that, each district shall have 7 short listed Environmental consulting agencies
and 2 persons form each consultant will be trained, there shall be a total of 14 persons per
district.
The course shall be of two-day duration with 14 participants per batch (district wise). The
total duration of the course for 3 districts shall be 6 days.
Location
The course will be conducted at Hyderabad and working lunch shall be provided.
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EPTRI Assessment of environmental criteria
Cost of training
The cost for carrying out Course IV shall be RS 1,00,000 (one lakh only) per Batch that is
RS 50,000 (fifty thousand) per day. The total cost for 6 days training programme shall be RS
3,00,000 /- (three Lakhs only).
The total cost of the Environmental capacity building exercise for the DPIP project will Rs
56,00,000/- (Rs forty-six lakhs sixty thousand only) the break-up for the amount is as
Course I: Environmental Awareness Raising For DPIP 18,00,000
beneficiaries.
Course II: Basic environmental screening and mitigation 30,00,000
for community facilitators
Course III: Environmental screening and mitigation for 5,00,000
DPMU and SPMU staff
Course IV : Limited Environmental Assessment for 3,00,000
Environmental consultants
Total 56,00,000
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CHAPTER 6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING, SUPERVISION &
AUDITING
To ensure that the Enviromnental management Frame work is effectively implemented, and
remains responsive to the environmental conditions prevailing in DPIP areas, responsibilities
should be assigned for environmental supervision, monitoring and auditing.
6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORINGIt will be a responsibility of the EA to remain abreast of changing environmental conditions
and emerging environmental concerns in DPIP areas. This will not be achieved through the
collection of primary data, but rather through monitoring information collected and provided
by other GoAP and civil society sources. On the basis of this information, the EA will
recommend revisions to the EMF, and highlight local concerns to DPMUs. Details of
changing conditions, emerging concerns, recommended revisions and local issues will be
included in the six-monthly supervision reports provided to the Director of SPMIU.
The cost for collection of data and preparation of status report is Rs 1,75,000 per district.
6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SUPERVISIONSupervision of EMF implementation will be conducted at two levels. At the district level, as
part of their overall supervisory responsibilities, the DPIP staff will be required to verify that
CFs are correctly using the LSC, GC and ERG, and that the environmental mitigation
measures included in the approved subproject proposal are implemented. This verification
will be conducted for the same sample of subprojects as used by the DPMUs for other
supervisory requirements, and the results will be included in their overall supervision reports
provided to the SPMU. These supervision reports will be submitted for review of EMF
implementation by the EA.
At the state level, the EA will conduct six-monthly supervisions of EMF implementation,
selecting a representative sample of ER, LEA and EIA category subprojects. The sub-projects
shall be selected randomly at the rate of 20 projects per year per district (about 12 ER, 6 LEA
and 2 EIA).
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EPTRI Assessment of environmental criteria
The duration of supervision exercise shall be 10 days per district and the activities that shall
be carried out as listed below
1) The EA shall verify whether the screening process was correctly applied, suitable
mitigation measures specified, and these measures were correctly implemented.
Two environmental experts shall visit the district for 5 days and under take the above work.
2) The EA shall prepare supervision report, addressing the following
a) Application of the EMF in the sample
b) Implementation of environmental mitigation measures in the sample
c) Suggestions for improving either the EMF or its implementation
3) Submit the supervision report to the Director of SPMU
The cost of carrying out the above supervision study shall be Rs 1,50,000 per district.
6.3 ENVIRONMENTAL AUDITINGTo provide an assessment of whether the effectiveness of the design and implementation of
the EMF, the Director of the SPMU will contract an environmental audit of the DPIP once
every two years, to be conducted by an external civil society organization. The principal
focus of the audit will be to assess the extent to which the EMF has lead to the
implementation of appropriate environmental mitigation measures in DPIP subprojects, and
has promoted the implementation of environmentally beneficial subprojects. A secondary
goal of the audit will be to attempt an assessment of the extent to which the DPIP may have
led to improvement or deterioration in environmental quality.
6.3.1 At sub project levelIt is recommended that the environmental auditing agency must review 5-10% of subprojects
requiring an ER, 10 - 20% of all subprojects requiring a LEA, and all subprojects requiring an
EIA. The Environmental Audit should include an assessment of:
* the screening category attributed to a particular subproject is correct;
* expected impacts and recommended mitigation measures are correctly indicated as
mentioned in the E R or LEA;
* proposed mitigation measures are carried out as planned;
* the subproject has been imnplemented according to design;
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EPTRI Assessment of environmental critenra
no unexpected environmental impacts have surfaced, which have not been reported to the
State APDPIP Environment Unit.
Depending on the results of the above assessment the audit must rate the environmental
performance in accordance to World Bank (1 996a) criteria as described below in Box 1.
Box 1 - Environmental performance rating
1 Highly satisfactory Environmental components are being implemented in a
timely and satisfactory manner.
2 Satisfactory Implementation of the critical aspects of the environmental
components is proceeding in a timely and satisfactory
manner. There are some problems with certain other aspects,
but these are not undermining the progress of implementing
the components and are being addressed by the
implementing agency.
3 Unsatisfactory There are major problems in implementing some or all of
the environmental components of the subproject, including
aspects critical to the success of the components and the
subproject as a whole. However, appropriate measures are
being takeri by the implementing agency to address the
problems. Or problems are not being addressed properly
6.3.2 Environmental out come of DPIP
The cumulative impact of large number of subprojects being taken up should be examined to
attempt to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed EMF system. The table 6 list the
suggested parameters for auditing of environmental out come of DPIP.
Table 6 Suggested parameters for auditing of environmental out come of DPIP
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Table 6 Suggested parameters for auditing of environmental out come of DPIPType of subproject Cumulative Impact on the environment Key environmental monitoring parameterRural roads and Bridges * Positive : Better access to markets, schooling and clinics * Costly to monitor and hence test checks of air pollution levels
* Negative: Increased mobility in rural areas; may lead to on account of increased vehicular traffic @ I station perincreased migration or access to natural resources in rural Mandal.areas
Community halls * Positive: Provide places for having social gathering * Monitor bacterial contamination of surface and ground water.* Negative: Effect on surrounding surface and ground water due * Regional water levels to be monitored for changes
to human waste and drop in ground water levelsSchool /training centers/ . Positive: Increases awareness in general about environmental * Monitoring of level of environmental awareness, e.g. about
issues key issues such as water quality, sanitation and bio-diversityeducational centers . Negative : Effect on surrounding surface and ground water due * Monitor number of agencies effectively dealing withto disposal of human wastes and d&op in ground water levels environmental issues
* Monitor bacterial contamination of surface and ground water.* Regional water levels to be monitored for changes
Health Centers/clinic * Positive: Better health care and increase of health awareness * Monitoring of level of health awareness e.g. about key issues* Negative: Effect on surrounding surface and ground water due such as Hygiene, Water quality and sanitation
to improper disposal of clinical waste, odour problem in the * Monitor bacterial contamination of surface & ground watersurrounding areas and presence of maul odour (smell) in the air
Market and commercial * Improve infrastructure and provide improved access to the * Monitor bacterial contamination of surface and ground water.centers area, increase land values. * Regional water levels to be monitored for changes
* Negative: Increased mobility in rural areas; may lead to * Difficult to monitor, as parameters are affected by manyincreased migration or access to natural resources, Effect on factors, included an improved road networksurrounding surface and ground water due to leached fromorganic and inorganic market wastes. Drop in ground water.
Drinking water supply * Positive: Availability of drinking water. * Regional water levels to be monitored for changes* Communal ponds * Negative: Possible drop in groundwater level, surface water * Monitor of level and frequency of occurrence of water bound* Tube wells bodies. diseases* Treatment plants* Piped water supplySanitation facilities * Positive: Increase in privacy, conveniences, better hygiene * monitor bacterial contamination of surface water and ground* Latrines * Negative effects on receiving water bodies (surface &ground water
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EPTRI Assessment of environmental criteria
Table 6 Suggested parameters for auditing of environmental out come of DPIPType of subproject Cumulative Impact on the environment Key environmental monitoring parameter* Community open channels water) foul odour, * monitor coliforms in surface waters & groundwater* Compost pits * Odour monitoring ( difficult to monitor but foul smell sensed)
Solid waste disposal * Positive: lowered incidence of diseases * Issues emanating from proposed EIA to be carried out* Negative: effects on receiving water bodies (surface & ground
water) foul odour, birds and animal nuisancesFlood/erosion protection * Positive: Reduction of runoff and top-soil erosion, increase in * monitoring Soil fertilitybarriers ( soil protection) ground water levels in the area. * monitoring of fisheries production
* Negative: loss of fisheries production, increased flooding * monitoring of water levelsoutside protected areas
Minor irrigation projects * Positive : Increase in GDP of the area, * monitor water levels: establish water level monitoring* Tube wells * Negative: reduced water levels in streams, rivers, lakes and network, effectuate regular recording of both surface and* Ponds and small dams ground water, water pollution due to use of pesticides and ground water* Irrigation channels chemicals, loss of fisheries production, increased flooding * monitor wetlands areas
outside protected areas, reduction in wetlands * monitor water quality; establish network for regular samplingand simple analysis of basic parameters
Crops * Positive : Increase in GDP of the area, * monitor water levels: establish water level monitoring* Improved farm/crop * Negative: reduced water levels in streams, rivers, lakes and network, effectuate regular recording of both surface and
management ground water, water pollution due to use of pesticides and ground water* Agricultural tool chemicals, * monitor water quality; establish network for regular sampling
development and simple analysis of basic parameters
Horticulture with new * Positive: Increase in GDP of the area, * monitor water levels: establish water level, monitoringirrigation sources * Negative: reduced water levels in streams, rivers, lakes and network, effectuate regular recording of both surface and
ground water, water pollution due to use of pesticides and ground waterchemicals, * monitor water quality; establish network for regular sampling
and simple analysis of basic parameters
Animal Husbandry * Positive: Provide employment and increase GDP of the area * monitor water quality( physical and biological parameters)* Negative: Water (surface and ground) and air Pollution, * Monitor odour levels in the surrounding areas
increase in incidence of disease due to poor hygiene. . Monitor of level and frequency of occurrence of water and airbound diseases
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EPTRI Assessment of environmental criteria
Table 6 Suggested parameters for auditing of environmental out come of DPIPType of subproject Cumulative Impact on the environment Key environmental monitoring parameterSericulture * Positive: Sericulture techniques transferred to small marginal * Choice of crop species with shorter growth periods, and high
farmers would enhance financial status yielding variety that consumes less water* Negative: Competition for land between agriculture &
sericulture, crop failure due to more water requirement inwater scarce areas
Energy * Positive: reduction of pressures on fuel sources (wood), health * area of natural forest/village forest plots:* Improved cooking improvement: lowered incidences of lung diseases (linked with * health statistics indicating lowered incidences of lung diseases
/smokeless chulha fires, lamp-oil, etc..)
Restocking of communal ponds * Positive: impact on biodiversity; loss of biodiversity (fish * fish species diversity and relative abundancewith indigenous flsh species or species) is stabilizedfishpondsPasture development and * Positive: higher incentive to maintain or increase forest cover * Wildlife populations; no. of bird species in given areas maysocial forestry has positive effects on bio-diversity be a good indicator