Entomology For Master Gardeners Molly Greenwood Spring 2017 Extent and Economic Importance ○ Major form of higher life ○ Attack all stages of all species ○ Damage equals harvest ○ Beneficial aspects Beneficial Aspects ○ Pollination ○ Predators / Parasites ○ Human food ○ Biological control agents ○ Nutrient recycling ○ Insect products: honey, wax, shellac, dye ○ Conservation biology ○ Art and literature ○ Ecotourism- butterfly farms / exhibits
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Entomology For Master
Gardeners
Molly Greenwood
Spring 2017
Extent and Economic Importance
○ Major form of higher life
○ Attack all stages of all species
○ Damage equals harvest
○ Beneficial aspects
Beneficial Aspects○ Pollination
○ Predators / Parasites
○ Human food
○ Biological control agents
○ Nutrient recycling
○ Insect products: honey, wax, shellac, dye
○ Conservation biology
○ Art and literature
○ Ecotourism- butterfly farms / exhibits
Population Dynamics○ Insects have high reproductive potential
Attributes: nymphs resemble adults, many plant feeding pests, triangle on back, some predators, some disease vectors (Chagas disease)
Gradual Piercing, sucking
Homoptera: aphids, leaf hoppers, white flies, scales
Attributes: small soft bodied insects, unwinged forms, attack many vegetables, multiple generations, parthenogenesis, some disease vectors (CTV), greenhouse pests
Gradual Sucking
Hymenoptera: bees, wasps, ants, sawflies
Attributes: legless larvae, adult stinger, two pair of membranous wings, ants with narrow waist, many species, pollinators, parasites, predators, sawflies are important defoliators, many species social
Complete Chewing
Isoptera: termites
Attributes: soft bodied insects, winged or wingless, colonies occur in ground or in wood, drywood and subterranean termites, caste system, social
Gradual Chewing
Lepidoptera: moths, butterflies
Attributes: caterpillars, adults have two pairs of scaled wings, many defoliators, adults feed on nectar, adults pollinate, basis for ecotourism
Complete Larvae: chewing Adults: sucking
Neuroptera: lacewings, antlions
Attributes: adults have 2 pairs of membranous wings, wings held rooflike, many species are predators
Attributes: hard bodied adult, two pair of wings, front wings are hard, adults and nymphs cause damage, moderate pests
Gradual Chewing
Siphonaptera: fleas
Attributes: wingless insects, live as ectoparasites on birds and mammals, body is laterally flattened, often jumping, important disease vectors, include plague and typhus
Complete Sucking
Thysanoptera: thrips
Attributes: adults are minute soft bodied, two pairs of long wings, many feed on plants and especially flowers, cause cosmetic damage to fruit, some disease transmission