then, Salvatore has written many novels: including a Star Wars novel, known as Vector Prime. The american fantasy author Robert Anthony Salvatore (also known as R.A. Salvatore) was born in 1959 in Leominster, Massachusetts. He began reading at a very young age, and eventually began writing himself. He developed a manuscript known as Echoes of the Fourth Magic, which he sold to the company TSR. They did not publish it right away though, but asked him to write a novel set in the Forgotten Realms campaign setting for the dungeons and dragons role- playing game. He agreed, and wrote his first published novel: The Crystal Shard, which was the first novel in the Icewind Dale trilogy. Since R.A. Salvatore The Father of Fantasy J.R.R. Tolkien (John Ronald Reuel Tolkien) was born in 1892 in Bloemfon- tein in the Orange Free State in South Africa. He is the most recognised fantasy author of all time, for the entire fantasy genre, as we know it, stems from him. He has written several nov- els, the most notable being the Hobbit, and the Lord of the Rings trilogy. He also wrote the Silmarillion (though it was not pub- lished until after his death in 1973) which is a collec- tion of stories set in the same world as the Hobbit, and the Lord of the Rings. Due to J.R.R. Tolkien„s death, his son, Christopher Tolkien had to complete the Silmarillion, by writing in gaps left by his father. Did you know?: The Hobbit was written for Tolkien„s own children. Authors: Helgi Gunnar, Rúnar Gerard og Óttar Andri Literature Helgi Gunnar Jónasson E=ˈhist(ə)rē 2 Inside this issue: Literature Physics History
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then, Salvatore has written
many novels: including a
Star Wars novel, known as
Vector Prime.
The american fantasy
author Robert Anthony
Salvatore (also known as
R.A. Salvatore) was born in
1959 in Leominster,
Massachusetts. He began
reading at a very young
age, and eventually began
writing himself. He
developed a manuscript
known as Echoes of the
Fourth Magic, which he
sold to the company TSR.
They did not publish it
right away though, but
asked him to write a novel
set in the Forgotten Realms
campaign setting for the
dungeons and dragons role-
playing game. He agreed,
and wrote his first
published novel: The
Crystal Shard, which was
the first novel in the
Icewind Dale trilogy. Since
R.A. Salvatore
The Father of Fantasy
J.R.R. Tolkien (John
Ronald Reuel Tolkien) was
born in 1892 in Bloemfon-
tein in the Orange Free
State in South Africa. He is
the most recognised fantasy
author of all time, for the
entire fantasy genre, as we
know it, stems from him.
He has written several nov-
els, the most notable being
the Hobbit, and the Lord of
the Rings trilogy. He also
wrote the Silmarillion
(though it was not pub-
lished until after his death
in 1973) which is a collec-
tion of stories set in the
same world as the Hobbit,
and the Lord of the Rings.
Due to J.R.R. Tolkien„s
death, his son, Christopher
Tolkien had to complete the
Silmarillion, by writing in
gaps left by his father.
Did you know?: The
Hobbit was written for
Tolkien„s own children.
Authors: Helgi Gunnar, Rúnar Gerard og Óttar Andri
Literature Helgi Gunnar Jónasson
E=ˈhist(ə)rē2
Inside this issue:
Literature
Physics
History
Howard Phillips Lovecraft (H.P. Lovecraft) was born in 1890, in the New England city
of Providence, Rhode Island. His father was Winfield Scott Lovecraft, and his mother
was Sarah Susan Phillips Lovecraft, the daughter of Whipple Van Buren Phillips, an
american buisnessman. When Lovecraft was three years old, his father succumbed to a
mental illness, and was institutionalized in Butler Hospital, where he died in 1898.
Young Lovecraft was raised by his mother, two aunts, and his maternal
grandfather, Whipple Van Buren Phillips. They resided in the family home, which
happened to contain a library His grandfather encouraged him to read, and even told
him his own stories of Gothic horror.
Lovecraft was frequently sick in his youth, and was thus unable to attend school
properly. He is also believed to have suffered from night terrors. He read alot while he
was sick at home, and developed a love for chemistry and astronomy. He later went to
Hope High School.
Lovecraft„s grandfather died in 1904. His passing had a great impact on young Lovecraft and his
family, for they were forced to move to smaller quarters.
In 1919, Lovecraft„s mother was committed to Butler Hospital, the same mental institution where her
husband had died. She died there in 1921, after suffering from Hysteria and depression.
It was but a few days later that H.P. Lovecraft met Sonia Greene, a shop owner. They fell in love, and
married some time later. He befriended people who encouraged him to submit stories to Wierd Tales, a pulp
magazine. He submitted a few stories, though they were heavily criticised by many readers.
Some time after the marriage, Sonias„ buisness went under, and she took ill. Lovecraft did his best to
support her with regular jobs, but was lacking in proven marketable skills. Lovecraft was offered a job as an
editor at Wierd Tales, but reclined, for he did not wish to move to Chicago. Farnsworth Wright became the
editor instead of Lovecraft. Lovecraft continued to submit stories to the magazine, but they were more often
than not rejected by Wright.
Sonia got a job which required her to travel constantly. Lovecraft moved into a small, singe room
apartment in Red Hook, which was burglarized, leavng him with nothing except for the clothes on his back. It
was some time later that her wrote the outline for „„The Call of Cthulhu„„, whe story was not published until
Lovecraft„s friend, Robert E. Howard (which is best known for creating Conan and Solomon Kane) convinced
Wright to publish it.
In the last decade of his life, Lovecraft wrote many stories, including his first and only novel: „„The
Case of Charles Dexter Ward„„ and the novella: „„At the Mountains of Madness„„. He was, once again, forced to
move to smaller quarters, for his inheritance had dwindled to almost nothing in his last years. The suicide of
Robert E. Howard, his friend, affected him deeply as well. In 1936, Lovecraft was diagnosed with cancer, and
began suffering from malnutrition. He died in 1937, 46 years of age, after suffering immense pains. He was
buried in Swan Point Cemetery in Providence.
Did you know?: Lovecraft was able to recite poetry at the age of three, and could write his own
In the article „„C. T. Hsia, Who Brought Chinese Literature to the West, Dies at 92,‟‟ by William Yardley, we
learn that C.T. Hsia passed away. He had an interest in English literature and wrote several books in his life-
time.
C.T. Hsia, a scholar who helped to introduce the West to modern Chinese literature, died on december
the twenty ninth, ninety two years of age. His death was confirmed by his wife Della.
Hsia came to the united states in 1947, in order to study English literature. He had initially planned
to return to China afterwards but due to the purging of dissent and Western influences there by Mao Zedong,
who was settling into power, he decided to stay in America, where he later became a teacher.
He wrote the book: “A History of Modern Chinese Fiction, 1917-1957,‟‟ which contained English
translations of Chinese novels, each of which he discussed using close textual analysis. He also wrote the
book: „‟The Classic Chinese Novel.‟‟
C.T. Hsia will most assuredly be missed, for he helped to introduce the West to modern Chinese liter-
ature, and thus expanded the world of literature.
Howard Phillips Lovecraft
Hsia Chih tsing died
Literature is everything
that has been written
throughout history.
E v e r y t h i n g f r o m
newspaper articles to the
egyptian „„Book of the
Dead„„ can be considered
literature, though they
obviously do not belong
in the same category.
L iterature i s
divided into three main
genres: prose, poetry and
drama. Prose is the most
common of the three, for
it is a written version of
the spoken language, and
can be anything from a
newspaper article to a
full lenght novel. Poetry,
on the other hand, is
writing where words
form rythmic patterns.
There is such a thing as a
prose poem, which
combines elements from
both prose and poetry.
Drama is a type of
l it erature that is
p r es ent ed t hr o u g h
acting.
W h e n a n
individual sits down and
writes something on a
sheet of paper, be it a
grocery list or a full
lenght novel, they put a
piece of their mind into
it. That is literature; a
translation of the mind
into words. I think it is
fascinating how a person
can imbue their writing
with a p iece of
themselves, and thus, in
a s e n s e , a t t a i n
immortality, for what
they have written will
most likely continue to
exist throughout the
ages.
Allegory: Likening an object, person or action to something that lies out of the
narrative.
Alliteration: When neighbouring sounds are repeated.
Allusion: A brief reference to something.
Anagram: When a word is created by transposing letters (wierd => wired).
Analogy: The comparison of two pairs.
Contreversy: A matter that is desputed over.
Catalogue: A list of books in a library.
Wiseacre: Someone who pretends to have vast amounts of knowledge.
Defining Literature
The Ambassador of Young People’s Literature
In the article „„Kate DiCamillo to Be Ambassador of Young People‟s Literature,‟‟ by
Julie Bosman, we learn that Kate DiCamillo is to be appointed the position of Ambas-
sador of Young People‟s Literature. We also learn that she is a very successful author,
having written several books.
The position of Ambassador of Children„s Literature was founded in 2008 by the
Library of Congress and a few other groups. A new ambassador is chosen every two
years, and the latest is Kate DiCamillo. Her role is to encourage young people to read.
Kate DiCamillo is a very successful writer, and has written across several genres
and age groups. She had secret ambitions to become a writer, though she did not write
until she was more than thirty years old. She began writing short stories for adults, and
then began writing children„s books.
Her first book was ‟‟Because of Winn-Dixie‟‟ and revolved around a dog who
was adopted by a young girl. Her second book was ‟‟The Tiger Rising‟‟ and revolved around a group of children
that try to a tiger who had been imprisoned. She also wrote the book ‟‟The Tale of Despereaux‟‟ which was a
fantasy story about a mouse named Despereaux Tilling.
Her ability to relate to children, and her contribution to literature as a whole, leaves little doubt that
she is an excellent fit for the position of Ambassador of Young People‟s Literature.
Page 3 Literature Helgi Gunnar Jónasson
There are many
careers available to those
educated in literature, such
as professional editing and
teaching. There are many
schools all around the
world that teach about
literature: the University of
C h e s t e r , N e w c a s t l e
University, and University
of Brighton to name only a
few.
Getting Interested In Physics
From the moment every single human being enters grade school or even from birth,
one is introduced to a lot of different subjects and/or different applications and jobs.
These are the steppingstones, which lead us to our interests and character because
although humans get the genes from their parents the character does not descent into
the next generation. Rather it is formed by the interactions the young child has, up
until it‟s adult stage.
With that said, the reason I chose such a, which some consider, boring subject is a result from the 17 year
environment I grew up and interacted with. Although I can‟t prove it for sure why I‟m fond of physics, I can however
interpret that it had something to with my father being a pilot. Since I was 3 months old I have been flying in airplanes
and still do so very frequently. My father worked for a Luxembourgish Cargo Delivery and Shipment company and
therefore me , my father and mother lived in Luxembourg. He was allowed to bring his family with him to one of his tours
(a series of flights over the world, but always ending in the same location as to where it started) and so he did. So I got to
explore the world, but I always seemed to be more interested in the flights rather then the adventures. I was astound, that
such a colossal piece of machinery was able to lift me and itself of the hard surface of the ground and into the sweet winds
of clouds and blue skies.
That magnificent phenomena is only possible due to one thing: Physics. Physics is the ultimate rulebook to how
every movement and state of everything exists, what it does how it is affected. Although it often collides with other
sciences like chemestry, it is still (in my perspective) the all and everything of the world and its existence. Physics focuses
on objects and the forces that affect it. It doesn‟t explain why the object/lifeform does it, if it´s a lifeform and moves on its
own, but rather how the much force the muscles would have to produce to get it moving.
There are many possible career options that involve physics. The most obvious one being, a physicist, but there are
also a lot of different types of engineering careers, which one can only qualify for by knowing almost everthing about
physics or having to specialize in a certain field of physics. With that said, when one is learning physics, one often has to
specialize in a certain field of physics like thermodynamics, radiation, quantum mechanics etc.
Did you know? - Cargolux, the company my dad was working for, was founded by Luxair, Salin and the icelandic
aviation company Loftleiðir.
Interesting subject words Motion : The action of moving or being moved. Equilibrium : A state in which opposing forces or
influences are balanced Phenomena : A fact or situation that is observed to exist or happen, esp. One whose cause or
explanationis in question. Acceleration : the rate of change of velocity per unit of time. Frequency : the rate at which a
vibration occurs that constitutes a wave, either in a material (as in sound waves), or in an electromagnetic field (as in radio
waves and light).
Physics Óttar andri óttarsson
Explanation Of Acoustics
Acoustics is the particular branch of physics, which concerns itself with the production, control, transmission,
reception and effects of sound (sound effects). The origin is derived
from the study of mechanical vibrations and the radiation of these
vibrations through mechanical waves. Acoustics has a ceratin vital
role in almost every area of life, namely art. Music is a perfect
demonstrative tool of acoustics, artists all over the world have
experimented on creating different sounds using different
“instruments”, which apply the physical aspects of acoustics. Many
of said artists didn‟t know of the term nore did they have the understanding of the physics of these sounds and
melodies which they were experimenting with, simply because the worlds understanding of physics wasn‟t
develloped enough. Of course today we know why we hear sound and how it travels through air or other
materials.
Acoustics is also applicable in specialized technology in fields such as geology, atmospheric and
underwater phenomena. An easy example of the underwater phenomena is using sonar technology to
determine sizes and shapes of obstacles underwater without seeing their outside surface. The waves are
transmitted into the ocean/water and then some of them repel back to sensors on the same device which
transmitted the waves. Then the machine makes a virtual image of the suroundings based on which waves
came back, how quickly and if there were disruption in the waves. Like previously explained, acoustics are
sound waves, which vibrate. They follow specific physical principles, which they share with all other types of
waves. They are transmitted with a certain frequency and strength.
Our ears and the ears of other life forms have the ability to hear and distinguish certain wave