Università degli Studi di Salerno Dipartimento di Ingegneria Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile Civile Laurea in Ingegneria per l’Ambiente ed il Laurea in Ingegneria per l’Ambiente ed il Territorio in Territorio in Impianti di trattamento delle acque reflue II Impianti di trattamento delle acque reflue II ENHANCED BIOLOGICAL PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL BY ENHANCED BIOLOGICAL PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL BY ANAEROBIC, AEROBIC/ANOXIC PROCESSES ANAEROBIC, AEROBIC/ANOXIC PROCESSES Allievo Allievo Paolo Siano Paolo Siano N.Mat. 06205- N.Mat. 06205- 000160 000160 Relatore: Relatore: Prof.Ing. Luigi Rizzo Prof.Ing. Luigi Rizzo Correlatore: Correlatore: Prof.ssa. Maria Ascensão Reis Prof.ssa. Maria Ascensão Reis
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Enhanced Biological Phosporous Removal by Anaerobic and Aerobic/Anoxic processes
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Università degli Studi di SalernoDipartimento di Ingegneria CivileDipartimento di Ingegneria Civile
Laurea in Ingegneria per l’Ambiente ed il Laurea in Ingegneria per l’Ambiente ed il Territorio in Territorio in Impianti di trattamento delle acque reflue IIImpianti di trattamento delle acque reflue II
ENHANCED BIOLOGICAL PHOSPHORUS ENHANCED BIOLOGICAL PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL BY ANAEROBIC, AEROBIC/ANOXIC REMOVAL BY ANAEROBIC, AEROBIC/ANOXIC
Relatore:Relatore:Prof.Ing. Luigi RizzoProf.Ing. Luigi Rizzo
Correlatore:Correlatore:Prof.ssa. Maria Ascensão ReisProf.ssa. Maria Ascensão Reis
: : Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal by anaerobic, aerobic/anoxic processes : : 29 April 2011
FrameworkFramework
Background Objectives Materials and methods
Wastewater sampling
Batch test
Chemical Analysis
ResultsPhosphorus in Beirolas WWTP
Anaerobic-Aerobic and Anaerobic/Anoxic batch tests
Conclusions
: : Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal by anaerobic, aerobic/anoxic processes : : 29 April 2011
BackgroundBackground
BackgroundBackground
: : Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal by anaerobic, aerobic/anoxic processes : : 29 April 2011
World Resource institute (www.wri.org)
BackgroundBackground
: : Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal by anaerobic, aerobic/anoxic processes : : 29 April 2011
World Resource institute (www.wri.org)
BackgroundBackground
: : Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal by anaerobic, aerobic/anoxic processes : : 29 April 2011
Parameter Power plant in terms of population equivalent
D.E. 91/271/CEE
10,000 – 100,000 >100,000
Concentrazione
% di riduzione
Concentr. % di riduz.
Total P (P mg/l) ≤ 2 80 ≤ 1 80
Total N (N mg/l) ≤ 15 70-80 ≤ 10 70-80World Resource institute (www.wri.org)
Chemical Chemical RemovalRemovalChemical Chemical RemovalRemoval
Biological Biological RemovalRemoval
(EBPR)(EBPR)
Biological Biological RemovalRemoval
(EBPR)(EBPR)
PRECIPITATIONPRECIPITATION
ADDITION OF METAL SALTS
ENHANCEENHANCE
BackgroundBackground
: : Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal by anaerobic, aerobic/anoxic processes : : Presented on the 29 April 2011
ANAEROBIC/AEROBIC
PROCESSES
promoted byPoliphosphate Accumulating
Organisms(PAOs)
Much lower operating costs Reduced sludge production Reuse processed sludge
Phoredox [A/O]Phoredox [A/O]
ANAEROBIC CONDITIONSliquid phase
energy
O2
liquid phase
O2
AEROBIC CONDITIONS
BackgroundBackground
: : Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal by anaerobic, aerobic/anoxic processes : : Presented on the 29 April 2011
energy
liquid phase
NO2
NO3
Phoredox 3-stage [A2/O]
BackgroundBackground
: : Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal by anaerobic, aerobic/anoxic processes : : Presented on the 29 April 2011
energy
O2
University of Cape Town (UCT)
Bardenpho
Combined nitrogen and phosphorus removal schemes
Virginia Initiative Plant [VIP]
A2/O
BackgroundBackground
: : Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal by anaerobic, aerobic/anoxic processes : : Presented on the 29 April 2011
BackgroundBackground
: : Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal by anaerobic, aerobic/anoxic processes : : Presented on the 29 April 2011
Carvalho et. al. (2007) observed
difference in anoxic P-uptake and
proposed hypothesis that different
Accumulibacter clades have
different metabolic capabilities.
***
Flowers et al., (2009) confirmed
that two different clades have
affinities to nitrate: type I
Accumulibacter, hereafter refered
as PAOI, seems having the ability
to denitrify using nitrate, contrary
to Type II Accumulibacter,
hereafter PAOII. Although anoxic
conditions with nitrate seems to
favor PAOI over PAOII, they seem
be able to co-exist.
The aim of the study has been the optimization of the Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal
(EBPR) through:
ObjectivesObjectives
Reproduction of the EBPR
process at lab-scale and
evaluation process
efficiency;
Estimation of the
microbial composition of
Beirolas UWWTP through
chemical analysis,
according to the method
proposed by Meinhold et
al. (1999).
: : Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal by anaerobic, aerobic/anoxic processes : : Presented on the 29 April 2011
: : Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal by anaerobic, aerobic/anoxic processes : : Presented on the 29 April 2011
ExperimentalExperimental
Materials and methods: wastewater Materials and methods: wastewater samplingsamplingActivated sludge was collected from
Beirolas UWWTP (Loures, Portugal)
: : Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal by anaerobic, aerobic/anoxic processes : : Presented on the 29 April 2011
Beirolas UWWTP
Materials and methods: wastewater Materials and methods: wastewater samplingsampling"Barden-pho" BPR unit configuration based on 3-
stages
: : Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal by anaerobic, aerobic/anoxic processes : : Presented on the 29 April 2011
• Anaerobic zone
(4.3% of total);• Anoxic zone
(21.3% of total);
• Aerobic zone(74.4% volume total).
Materials and methods: wastewater Materials and methods: wastewater samplingsampling
5 L 5 L of sludge from aerobic tank of sludge from aerobic tank to arrange biological batch tests.to arrange biological batch tests.
: : Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal by anaerobic, aerobic/anoxic processes : : Presented on the 29 April 2011
Materials and methods: wastewater Materials and methods: wastewater samplingsamplingAdditional samples from :Additional samples from : biological unitsbiological units (Anaerobic, anoxic and (Anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic tank);aerobic tank); primary and secondary settling. primary and secondary settling.
In order to characterize the plant.In order to characterize the plant.
: : Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal by anaerobic, aerobic/anoxic processes : : Presented on the 29 April 2011
: : Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal by anaerobic, aerobic/anoxic processes : : Presented on the 29 April 2011
Materials and methods: batch testMaterials and methods: batch test
Batch test conditionsBatch test conditionsAcetate as carbon source
Temperature of 22°C (±2°C)
pH in the range 6.5÷7.5
ANAEROBICANAEROBICREACTORREACTOR
AEROBIC AEROBIC REACTORREACTOR
ANOXIC ANOXIC REACTOREACTO
RR
Volume 1.5 L
Volume 0.6 L
Volume 0.6 L
SPLITSPLIT
: : Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal by anaerobic, aerobic/anoxic processes : : Presented on the 29 April 2011
: : Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal by anaerobic, aerobic/anoxic processes : : Presented on the 29 April 2011
ConclusionsConclusions
EBPR process at lab-scale was reproduced and typical trends of phosphorus, nitrate and acetate were observed;
The batch tests results obtained suggest that phosphorus removal is due to two type of PAOs: PAOs type I (also called DPAOs) that are likely to be able to reduce nitrate and PAO type II that cannot;
Relative chemical activity of PAOs and DPAOs was estimated, (Meinhold et al. 1999): DPAOs occurrence as high as 40% and PAOs occurrence as high as 60%;
Phosphorus removal efficiency at Beirolas UWWTP is quite variable, but under the investigated conditions a 92% removal was observed;
The higher the concentration of intracellular phosphorous in aerobic tank of UWWTP the higher the phosphorus release rate in the anaerobic phase of batch test.
: : Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal by anaerobic, aerobic/anoxic processes : : Presented on the 29 April 2011
ConclusionsConclusions
The knowledge of the microbial composition and its efficiency
is key factor to perform good P and N removals.
: : Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal by anaerobic, aerobic/anoxic processes : : Presented on the 29 April 2011