ENGR-101 Week 01: Introduction to Test Equipment
ENGR-101
Week 01: Introduction to Test Equipment
Today’s Agenda
11:00 Role CallWelcoming Remarks
11:15 Experiment 1: Display various waveforms (with Autoscale)
11:35 Experiment 2: Triggering
11:55 Experiment 3: Display Manipulation (without Autoscale)
12:15 Experiment 4: Reading measurements (with cursors)
12:35 Discussion Points
13:00 Adjourn
Welcome to Drexel!• MEM Professor since August 2000• Director, Robotics Lab (street-level Bossone)• Advised teams who won design competitions• 5+ years of industry experience• Fellow at NASA, Office of Navy Research and Boeing• Served under POTUS at National Science Foundation• Email: [email protected]• Web: http://www.mem.drexel.edu/pauloh.html• TA: Robert Ellenberg ([email protected])
According to Beloit College Mindset, the Class of 2015 (born around 1992)….
When someone mentions Fergie, you think…
But I think of…
The former Sarah Ferguson, the Duchess of York
Your first computer probably looked like
With a Pentium 3 CPU, 100+ MB Drive1+ MB RAM, CD-Rom
My first computer looked like this…
Cassette tape drive (hours to load a game),16K RAM, 8-bit CPU and what’s a CD-Rom?
Popular TV shows when I was a kid…
But you probably know them as the following movies…
Worldwide Optical Content 103 TBWorldwide Printed Content 1,633 TBUS Broadcast Media 14,893 TBWorldwide Film Content 420,254 TBInternet 532,897 TBWorldwide Magnetic Content 4,999,230 TBWorld Telephone Calls 17,200,000 TBElectronic Flow of New Info 17, 903, 340 TB
Giga = 10^6 Tera = 10^12 Peta = 10^15
The World of Tera
Zettabytes is Tomorrow…
1 Petabyte1,000 TB or250,000 DVDs
200 TerabytesA digital library of all books ever written in any language
100 PentabytesThe amount of data produced in a single minute by a new Particle collider at CERN
1 Exabyte1,000 PB or250M DVDs
5 ExabytesA transcript of all words ever spoken
100 ExabytesA video recording of all the meetings that took place last yearall over the world
66 ZettabytesThe amount of visual information conveyed from the eyes to theBrain of the entire human race in a single year
1 Zettabyte1,000 EB or250B DVDs
1 Yottabyte1,000 ZB or250T DVDs
20 YottabytesA holographic snapshot of the earth’s surface
Source: Cisco Visual Networking Index Forecast 2007-2012
Paradigm ShiftIn Design
Paradigm ShiftOld: Just-in-Case Teaching
New: Just-in-Time Learning
Paradigm Shift in Skill Development
Old: 3 R’s (Reading, Writing and Arithmetic)
New: 3 S’s (Search, Share and Simulate)
Paradigm Shifts in Teaching, Learning and Design
Rules of ThumbBuild PrototypesExpensive TestingDemonstrationPrototypingPrototyping SystemsFeasibility
Yesterday
Analytical Synthesis MethodsBuilding ModelsSimulationVisualizationRapid PrototypingVirtual RealityOptimal Solutions
Tomorrow
Motivation for Today’s Lab
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TbuqKKvcziA&feature=related
Myth Buster: Can an opera singer shatter a wine glass?
How would you go about testing and demonstrating this?
Experiment 1: Display various waveforms (with Autoscale)
Goal: Display sine wave at 1 kHz, 1 VPP, with 0 VDC offset
Step 1: • Under “Tool” controls, press Wave Gen• Connect one end of BNC cable on Function Generator’s “Output”• Connect other end to Oscilloscope’s 1X connector
Step 2: • Set “sine” waveform• Set “Offset” 0 VDC• Set “Frequency” 1 kHz• Set “Amplitude” 1 VPP
Step 3: • Press “Autoscale” button
Congratulations: You should see a sine wave at the prescribed amplitude and frequency
1-1: Sine wave, 20 kHz, 4 VPP, 2 VDC offset
1-2: Triangle wave, 50 Hz, 100 mVPP, 0 VDC offset
1-3: Ramp wave, max freq (~100 kHz), max amp (~20 VPP) 0 VDC offset
Exercises: Generate and display:
Lab Notebook: At 0 VDC Offset, what are the function generator’s
1-A: Max and min peak-to-peak voltage for sine? For ramp?1-B: Max and min frequency settings for sine? For ramp?
Experiment 2: Triggering
Goal: Display the waveform when a voltage level is met
Step 1: • Generate ramp at 1 kHz, 2 VPP, 0 VDC offset• On oscilloscope, press “Autoscale”
Step 2: • On oscilloscope: Trigger – Mode - Auto
Step 3: • Rotate “Level” knob to move the trigger (level) point up or down
Exercise:
2-1: In lab notebook, explain what happened and why
Step 4: Rotate “Level” knob until trigger level is above the ramp
Experiment 3: Display Manipulation (without Autoscale)
Goal: Customizing the display
Step 1: • Generate sine wave at 1 kHz, 1 VPP, with 0 VDC offset
Step 2: • Rotate the Volts/div knob to zoom waveform• Rotate the Position knob to reposition waveform vertically
500 mV
Step 3: • Rotate Time/div knob
200 uS
Period = 5*200 us = 1000 us = 1 ms
Frequency = 1/T so, have a 1 kHzsine wave
Exercise: Partner 1 randomly set generator (and cover display). Partner 2must capture, display and report signal frequency, VPP and Offset
3-1: Sine: f = 1 kHz to 20 kHz, VPP = 1 to 4 V, Offset = 0 to 2 VDC
3-2: Triangle: f = 1 Hz to 50 Hz, VPP = 10 mV to 100 mV at 0 VDC offset
3-3: Ramp: f = 10 kHz to 100 kHz, VPP = 2 to 20 V, 0 VDC offset
Lab Notebook:
3-A: Rotate Time/div and record oscilloscope’s max and min time resolution3-B: Rotate Volts/div and record oscilloscope’s max and min voltage resolution
Experiment 4: Reading measurements (with cursors)
Goal: Use voltage and time cursors to read measurements
Step 1: • Generate ramp wave at 50 Hz, 200 mV VPP, with 0 VDC offset
Step 2: • Select Measure – Time - Cursor
Exercise: Partner 1 randomly set generator (and cover display). Partner 2use cursors to report signal frequency, VPP and Offset
4-1: Sine: f = 1 kHz to 20 kHz, VPP = 1 to 4 V, Offset = 0 to 2 VDC
4-2: Triangle: f = 1 Hz to 50 Hz, VPP = 10 mV to 100 mV at 0 VDC offset
4-3: Ramp: f = 10 kHz to 100 kHz, VPP = 2 to 20 V, 0 VDC offset
Discussion Points
Take Home Points:
• Understand and visualize output signals (hence function generator)• Question: Why only sine, square, ramp, triangle?• Hint: Fourier theorems, derivatives and integrals
• Measure signals (hence oscilloscope)• Question: What’s a transducer? • Hint: Oscilloscope only measures voltages
• Autoscale is nice feature but usually works for periodic signals
Myth Busters Breaking Glass With Human Voice 1/3http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O9FrMkhQoA4
Myth Busters Breaking Glass With Human Voice 2/3http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nHSGd2X1nc8&feature=related
Myth Busters Breaking Glass With Human Voice 3/3http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oXV45t6wlWU&feature=related
Myth Buster: Can an opera singer shatter a wine glass?
How would you go about testing and demonstrating this?
Things to think about: Resonance versus Amplification
Source: http://www.intmath.com/Trigonometric-graphs/music.php
Doh-Ray-Mee-Fah-Soh-Lah-Tee-Doh(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
http://www.pianoeletronico.com.br/index-en.html
Next Time: Week 02 – Shutter Speed Measurement
• Bring camera: A disposable camera will be disassembled• Search and read about disposable cameras
• http://www.ehow.com/how-does_5031419_disposable-cameras-made.html• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=emjm-HJAsME&feature=related
• Search how camera flashes work• http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/camera-flash1.htm
• What are coil guns and tasers?• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=epaMq1vee_c
• What is a film ASA rating and how does this relate to shutter speed?• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_speed• Roughly calculate the shutter speed needed for a disposable camera