English presentation: Machu Piccu The Lost City of The Incas

• 1. It was built in 1460 by the great Inca EmperorPachacuti Some believe he built it as a retreat or country palacefor him and his guests Some believe it was an isolated religious sanctuarywhere nuns and priests worshipped the sun Some also believe it was an ancient military stronghold

2. Peru (South America). Covers a total area of 32 500 hectares. On the eastern slopes of the PeruvianAndes, 1400km south of the equator. Found between two mountain ridges, Machu Picchuand Huayna Picchu. The Inca city overlooks the Urubamba River. 2 430m above sea level. 3. Even to this day the people of Machu Pichu still wear their traditional Peruvianclothing Each village has its own style of clothing Their clothing is usually bright and exciting and consists of geometric patterns They make most of their clothes from the wool of the alpaca The men wear ponchos and sombreros on top of chullos The women wear colourful traditional skirts, wool jackets, synthetic sweaters andsandals called AJOTAS, which are made from truck tires 4. The word Inca stands for the ruling elite and theirethnic group They ruled an empire of many different ethnicities andwould make their presence known periodically bytaking up residence at a series of royal estates People living there could have come from all over theempire, speaking different languages They were astronomers and the King wore a tunic withrows of geometric motifs 5. Many of the buildings of Machu Picchu show signs ofreligious and spiritual significance There was a series of erect monolithic stones that canbe interpreted as a resting place for the sun Another building could have been where the Inca Kingwent to speak directly to the sun, from which hereturned to tell the people what the sun had said 6. They devoted most of their time to farming. Potatoes were one of the main foods of the Inca. Theyfarmed varieties types of potatoes. Meats: Llamas and Alpacas were the maindomesticated animals of Inca. Drinks: chicha was the main drink for the peopleduring Inca period, which made from jora and maize. 7. Tourists have increased the landslide risk. Erosion has increased due to human activity. Tea bags and water bottles litter the hiking trail. Limited number of tourists per day, as a way topreserve the heritage site. Only 1600 visitors, was 2500 visitors per day. Garbage is piled along the Urubamba River. 8. AccommodationCusco, the ancient capital of the Incas.Base for tourists en route to the archaeological site.Accommodation in the city ranges from US $10 - $400 per night. Transportationtransport ranges from US $76- $389.Trains US $42 9. The lost city of the Incas was discovered byProfessor Hiram Bingham. It was built by Native Americans, in 1450 A.D. The Inca did not have a written language. Machu Picchu is listed as one of the world heritagesites, by the United Nations. 10. Entrance to historical sanctuary $49 or $24 Local agencies sell their packages $155 11. http://www.inside-peru.com/traditional-peruvian-clothing.html abcdefg Wright & Valencia Zegarra 2001, 2003, p.1. http://infosurhoy.com/cocoon/saii/xhtml/en_GB/features/saii/features/entertainment/2012/11/29/feature-02 Jarus, O. (2012). Machu Picchu: Facts and History. Availablefrom: http://www.livescience.com/22869-machu-picchu.html(Accessed 15 March 2013). Wright, K.R. & Zegarra, A.V. (2000). Machu Picchu: A CivilEngineering Marvel. Virginia: ASCE Press. Torres, M. (2011). 100 years of Machu Picchu and the impactof tourism. Available from:http://www.southernconejourneys.blogspot.com/2011/07/100-years-of-machu-picchu-and-impact-of.html (Accessed 15March 2012).