English presentation climate change

Presentation

Climate Changes and its impacts

Presented byHasan Mahabub (M141507)

Musfiqur Rahman (M1415011)Sankar Bishwas (M141513)Iftekhar Islam (M1415015)

Saiful Islam Bhuyian (M14053)

What is climate change?What are the causes of climate changes?What are the impact of climate change?What will situation be in near future because of climate change?What are the effects of climate change in Bangladesh?What is the different policy to protect alarming climate change?

Climate change basically changes of weather.

Let’s go to get your answer about climate change here

CLIMATE CHANGE

Climate change ?Climate change is a significant and lasting change in the

statistical distribution of weather pattern over the

period ranging from decades to million of the years

The term climate change specially refers to change human

activity which leads to change the world natural process

In the context of environmental policy, Climate change is

synonymous with anthropogenic global worming

Internal forcing mechanism Life affect the climate its role in the carbon and water cycle such mechanism albedo, evapotranspiration, cloud formation, weathering

The global cooling over the past 40 million years driven by the expension grass-grazer eco systems

Why climate is changing ?

Ocean variability means the fundamental change of the ocean level of the world

Some smaller changes in the ocean makes it larger changes in the atmosphere

Change in temperature ocean water level is increasing gradually which changes the ocean variation

Why climate is changing?

External forcing mechanismPlate tectonics, Over the course of millions of years, the motion of tectonic plates reconfigures global land and ocean areas and generates topography

Solar output, the sun is predominate sources of energy input in the earth. Both long-term & short-term variation in solar intensity is known to affect global climate

Volcanism, In atmospheric temperature from 1979 to 2010, determined by MSU NASA satellites, effects appear from aerosols released by major volcanic eruptions

Why Climate is changing ?

Why Climate is changing?The greenhouse effect, is a process by which thermal radiation from a planetary surface is absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases, and is re-radiated in all directions

Increased average temperatures: the IPCC (International Panel for Climate Change) predict a global rise of between 1.1ºC and 6.4ºC by 2100 depending on some scientific uncertainties and the extent to which the world decreases or increases greenhouse gas emissions.

50% less rainfall in the tropics. Severe water shortages within 25 years – potentially affecting 5 billion people. Widespread crop failures

Prediction of climate change

50% more river volume by 2100 in northern countries.

Desertification and burning down of vast areas of agricultural land and forests.

Continuing spread of malaria and other diseases, including from a much increased ainsect population in UK. Respiratory illnesses due to poor air quality with higher temperatures.


Extinction of large numbers of animal and plant species

Sea level rise: due to both warmer water (greater volume) and melting ice. The IPCC predicts between 28cm and 43cm by 2100, with consequent high storm wave heights, threatening to displace up to 200 million people. At worst, if emissions this century were to set in place future melting of both the Greenland and West Antarctic ice caps, sea level would eventually rise approx 1


Temperature: Winter and summer temperatures will increase and the weather will be warmer.

In winter it may also rain more but in summer it may become drier.

Plants, animals and even people may find it difficult to survive in different conditions.

Impact of Climate change

Agriculture: Food production will be particularly sensitive to climate change, because crop yields depend directly on climatic conditions .

In tropical regions, even small amounts of warming will lead to declines in the amount of crops harvested.

In cold areas, crop harvests may increase at first for moderate increases in temperature but then fall.


Drought: Climate change will alter patterns of water availability by intensifying the water cycle.

Droughts and floods will become more severe in many areas. 1.7 billion people, a third of the world population live in water stressed countries, a figure expected to rise to 5 billion by 2025.

Heavy Rainfall: Warming may induce sudden shifts in regional weather patterns such as the monsoon rains in South Asia.

Heavy rainfall will become more common, and this is likely to damage farm incomes through increased soil erosion, and an inability to cultivate land due to the water logging of soils.


Winds: Warmer ocean temperatures will increase the frequency and intensity of such storms as cyclones ,hurricanes and typhoons.

According to the IPCC cyclones will become stronger, with faster wind speeds.

Hurricanes and typhoons, these massive storm systems combine the effects of heavy rainfall, high winds, and storm surge and sea-level rise.

Glacier / Snow melt: Snow cover and glaciers will continue to melt more rapidly, reducing in size.

The declines in mountain glaciers, permafrost, and snow cover will reduce soil stability and damage hydrological (river) systems.


Sea Level Rise: Higher temperatures will make the water of the seas and oceans expand.

Ice melting in the Antarctic and Greenland will flow into the sea.

Higher sea levels will threaten the low-lying coastal areas of the world, such as the Netherlands and Bangladesh.

All over the world, sea levels may rise, perhaps by as much as 20 to 40 cm, by the beginning of the next century.


Economic cost: The monetary cost of climate change is expected to be very high; this means it will reduce economic output measured in Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

With 2˚ C to 3˚ C warming which is expected by 2100 there could be a loss of global GDP as high as 3%, but with 5-6 ˚ C of global warming into the next century global GDP could be reduced by 5-10%.

Health & disease: Climate change is expected to have wide-ranging consequences for human health.

Climate change will affect the health status of millions of people, particularly those with low adaptive capacity .

Increases in malnutrition with implications for child growth and development; increased deaths, disease and injury due to heat waves, floods, storms, fires and droughts; and the increased burden of diarrhea disease .


Climate change mitigation are actions to limit the magnitude and/or rate of long-term climate change. Climate change mitigation generally involves reductions in human emissions of greenhouse gases(GHGs).

Climate Change Mitigation strategy: Promote the demonstration, deployment, and transfer of innovative low-carbon technologies.

Promote market transformation for energy efficiency in industry and the building sector.

Promote investment in renewable energy technologies. Promote energy efficient, low-carbon transport and urban systems. Promote conservation enhancement of carbon stocks through sustainable management of land use, land-use change, and forestry.

Support enabling activities and capacity building.

Climate Change Mitigation

Adaptation means anticipating the adverse effects of climate change and taking appropriate action to prevent or minimize the damage they can cause, or taking advantage of opportunities that may arise. It has been shown that well planned, early adaptation action saves money and lives later.

Adaptation Strategy: There are some adaptation strategies this are followings:

Community Based Adaptation: A process that therefore starts in and with the local community and its adaptive capabilities is vital; especially as climate change adaptation is context specific.

“Local people are the real experts” in terms of climate change, as they know about any changes that are occurring best, as well as having traditional responses to cope with many of them.

Climate Change Adaptation

Mainstreaming: Mainstreaming climate change adaptation into development thinking and practices has been recommended by many as a priority and the Government National Action Plan on adaptation has recommended mainstreaming adaptation to climate change into policies and programmers in different sectors.

Mainstreaming is a commonly used term that means integrating or including a cross-cutting issue like gender or climate change into all aspects of development work carried out.

Disaster Preparedness: A disaster is caused when a hazard affects a vulnerable community damaging life, assets of livelihoods beyond the community’s ability to cope.

To avoid this situation disaster mitigation are measures taken in advance of a disaster, aimed at reducing the adverse impact of the hazard upon people property and the environment.

Climate Change Adaptation

In terms of the impact of climate change in Bangladesh, which will include:

Average weather temperatures rising; more extreme hot and cold spells; rainfall being less when it is most needed for agriculture, more powerful tornados and cyclones; and sea level rise displacing communities, turning freshwater saline and facilitating more powerful storm surges.

Any climate induced change or disaster inevitably affects millions of people.

Bangladesh is also among the most disaster prone countries in the world. It has suffered 170 large scale disasters between 1970 and 1998.

The cost to Bangladesh of changes in climate could be more than half the US$58 billion that the country has ever received in foreign aid.

Climate Change Effects on Bangladesh

Humans are significantly altering the global climate, but in a variety of diverse ways beyond the radioactive effect of carbon dioxide. The IPCC assessments have been too conservative in recognizing the importance of these human climate forgings as they alter regional and global climate. These assessments have also not communicated the inability of the models to accurately forecast the spread of possibilities of future climate.

Over the last few years Bangladesh has been slowly been able to turn around its reputation in the context of climate change from being one of the most vulnerable countries to becoming one of the most adaptive countries. It should continue to carry out activities, learn lesson and share them with the rest of the world.

Conclusions

English presentation climate change

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