Engines Introduction

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES AN OVERVIEW

Engine

• Transforms one form of energy into another• Heat engine converts chemical energy into thermal energy which is turned utilized to do mechanical work•Heat engine two types :-

External combustion engine Internal combustion engine

•IC engine most widely used in automobiles

Simple external and internal combustion engine

IC ENGINE CLASSIFICATION

• Number of cylinders. a) Single-cylinder. b) Multi-cylinder.

• Arrangement of the cylinders. 1. In-line cylinders. 2. V-shaped cylinders. 3. Opposed cylinders. 4. Horizontal cylinders. 5. Radial cylinders. 6. Vertical cylinders.

• Type of fuel used. 1  Petrol engine. 2  Diesel engine. • Type of cooling system.

1.  Air-cooled. 2.  Water-cooled.

• Stroke of the engine.

1. Four-stroke engine. 2. Two-stroke engine. 3. Rotary engine.

• Application of the engine. 1. Constant speed engine. 2. Variable speed engine.

• Types of ignition system. 1. Spark-ignition. 2. Compression -ignition.

IC ENGINE CLASSIFICATION BASED ON ARRANGEMENTOF CYLINDERS

ENGINE CONSTRUCTION

The engine works on 4-stroke, 5-event principle, viz.

Suction

Compression &

Combustion

Expansion

Exhaust

ACTION INSIDE SI ENGINE

COMBUSTION CHAMBER

Nicolaus August Otto Born June 10, 1832 - Died

January 26, 1891 Gas-Motor Engine Patent No. 4315

Inducted 1885

Inventor of the four-stroke spark-ignition internal combustion engineIn 1876 Otto built an engine in which air-fuel mixture could be compressed and ignited by a spark.

WORKING PRINCIPLE OF SI ENGINE (4- STROKE)

SI ENGINE

MULTI CYLINDER SI ENGINE

2 STROKE ENGINE

WORKING PRINCIPLE OF SI ENGINE (2- STROKE)

SCAVENGING

WORKING OF SI ENGINE

4-Stroke Cycle Spark Ignition Engine

2-Stroke Cycle Spark Ignition Engine

4-Stroke Cycle Spark Ignition Engine

2-Stroke Cycle Spark Ignition Engine

Rudolf Diesel(1858 - 1913)Oil Engine German

Patent No. 67207 Inducted 1919

Inventor of the four-stroke Compression-ignition internal combustion engine

In 1893 Diesel was issued a patent for a proposed engine, in which air would be compressed so much that the temperature would far exceed the ignition temperature of the fuel.

.

First CI Engine built by Diesel

AUTOMOTIVE CI ENGINE

WORKING PRINCIPLE OF CI ENGINE (4- STROKE)

SECTION OF (2- STROKE) CI ENGINE

WORKING PRINCIPLE OF CI ENGINE (2- STROKE)

VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM

VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR SI ENGINE

VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR CI ENGINE

PORT TIMING DIAGRAM FOR SI ENGINE