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[Q] Are you aware o any other scientic arguments or the
existence o God? I so, explain them to the best o your
ability.
[Q] Which o the arguments/evidences above seem strongest
to you? Why?
[Q] Let’s explore this question again: Is it possible to prove
the existence o God?
Teaching Point Two: The Test of Morality
One o the most compelling arguments or the existence o
God is the universal moral code that seems to be present in
humanity. Across dierent cultures and across dierent times,
there seem to be specic attitudes and behaviors that are
consistently labeled as “right” or “wrong.”
[Q] What actions or attitudes are always “right”?
[Q] What actions or attitudes are always “wrong”?
[Q] Read Romans 2:12–16. Do you think that all people really
have a “conscience” that guides them in situations where
they have to make moral decisions? Explain.
[Q] How does the idea o a conscience connect with a
universal moral code? How does it connect with the
existence o God?
[Q] Read Romans 6:23. How does the idea o sin connect with
a universal moral code? How does it connect with the existence o God?
Teaching Point Three: The Test of Practice
This nal test asks: Does the Christian lie really work? I we assume that God does exist, is it
actually possible to live lie the way he commands in the Bible? The best place to begin this test is by
exploring your own personal experience.
[Q] I you identiy yoursel as a Christian, have you been able to consistently live in a way that
refects your belie in God and adesire to obey his commands?
Optional Activity d Purpose:
To explore how much o our
behavior is tied to theexistence o God.
d Activity:Have your group divide intosmaller units o three or ourpeople, then ask eachsubgroup to discuss thesehypothetical questions: I it were proved beyond ashadow o a doubt that Goddoes not exist, how wouldyour lie change? What would you stop doing? What would you start doing? What would you do dierently?
Have each subgroup comeup with ve major thingsthat would change, and thenshare their answers wheneveryone has nished. Take amoment to talk about the
possible changes in behaviorthat were common todierent groups.
[Q] Read Romans 3:21–24. How does this connect with the Test o Practice?
[Q] It is easy or dicult to live as a Christian? Explain.
Many people—both believers and non-believers—view the Christian lie as extremely complicated.
But that is not how Scripture presents a lie lived in obedience to God. Read Micah 6:6–8 and
Matthew 22:37–40.
[Q] In what ways do these verses represent a simple view o the Christian lie?
[Q] In what ways do these verses represent a dicult view o the Christian lie?
[Q] How have you been rustrated or conused in your day-to-day walk with God?
[Q] How can this group help, support, encourage, or equip you in that walk?
P a r t T w o
apply Your FdWhen people question the existence o God, it oten causes Christians to react—sometimes harshly. We
have built our lives on the oundation o God and his Word, and it can eel threatening when someone
declares that oundation to be invalid.
But beore engaging atheists (or anyone else) in a bid to stand up or God, we need to take a step backand consider our own lives. Do we live in a way that makes our position on God’s existence clear? Even
more, do we live in a way that brings glory to the God we believe in? Concentrating on loving God and
loving others will go a long way in our eorts to “stand up” or God—and it’s a better long-term plan
than arguing about his existence.
Action Point: Christians know that aith is an important part o the Christian lie, but
we sometimes think that everything related to God has to depend on aith. We can orget
that much o the world around us, and much o history behind us, points to God. Take
some time this week to do a little research regarding the frst two tests mentioned in thisstudy. Find books or websites that discuss the scientifc and moral evidence or God’s
existence and brush up on your understanding o these concepts.
u Intelligent Design (the universe and the existence o lie are too complex to have
developed randomly).
uHistorical evidence o the Bible (it is the most historically accurate book ever
written).
uHistorical evidence or the lie, crucixion, and resurrection o Jesus Christ.
Teaching Point Two: The Test of Morality
Teaching Point Three: The Test of Practice
P a r t T w o
apply Your FdWhen people question the existence o God, it oten causes Christians to react—sometimes harshly. We
have built our lives on the oundation o God and his Word, and it can eel threatening when someone
declares that oundation to be invalid.
But beore engaging atheists (or anyone else) in a bid to stand up or God, we need to take a step back
and consider our own lives. Do we live in a way that makes our position on God’s existence clear? Even
more, do we live in a way that brings glory to the God we believe in? Concentrating on loving God andloving others will go a long way in our eorts to “stand up” or God—and it’s a better long-term plan
than arguing about his existence.
Action Point: Christians know that aith is an important part o the Christian lie, but
we sometimes think that everything related to God has to depend on aith. We can orget
that much o the world around us, and much o history behind us, points to God. Take
some time this week to do a little research regarding the frst two tests mentioned in this
study. Find books or websites that discuss the scientifc and moral evidence or God’s
existence and brush up on your understanding o these concepts.
Session 2: Leader’s Guide | Is Faith Foolish? | 10
In today’s language, Jesus is making a strong distinction between
the natural and the supernatural. Read verses 4–8 again.
[Q] Did Nicodemus view Jesus as a “natural” or a “supernatural”
being?
[Q] What does it mean that “[]lesh gives birth to fesh, but the
Spirit gives birth to spirit”?
Leader’s note: Jesus is making clear that i we approach
something in an earthly or natural way, we will only have
natural experiences—not supernatural ones. We can only
transcend our esh when the Holy Spirit becomes involved.
This was important because Nicodemus and the other
Pharisees saw the Messiah mainly as an earthly king, while
Jesus knew that his kingdom was something spiritual and supernatural.
Verse 8 is the key to understanding what Jesus is saying because it
identies “the wind,” which is the Holy Spirit. The word translated
as “wind” here is pneuma, which is also translated as “spirit”
throughout much o the New Testament.
Read Ezekiel 37:1–14.
[Q] What words and phrases appear in both the passage in
Ezekiel and in John 3:1–21?
[Q] What kind o thematic connections do you see between the
two passages?
Leader’s note: The most notable connection is that God’s prophet is speaking to a
collection o bones, which are purely natural. They are dead. And even when the
prophet’s work results in the bones coming together and growing sinews and esh, they
are still dead. The “breath” (or wind) o God was required to move the army rom death to
lie. The same is true or people who are spiritually dead.
Teaching Point Three: Faith is both foolish and wise.
Here is what psychologist Jordan Peterson said during the video: “Rationality wants to know
everything. And that means it has a very powerul temptation to exclude rom consideration
Optional Activity d Purpose:
To introduce the topic o
“supernatural” events orexperiences.
d Activity:Ask your group membersthe ollowing question: “Othe movies you have seenin recent years, which onesdelved most deeply into asupernatural reality?” Thiscan include things likeghosts, the aterlie,alternate dimensions, andso on. Give everyone a ocouple minutes to thinkand then ask or volunteersto describe a movie that comes to mind.
Ater several people havecontributed, ask i anyonenotices any commonthemes or elements among
the movies described. Dothose common elementsaccurately refect how ourculture views the super-natural? Why or why not?
Teaching Point Two: God is not responsible for the results of human actsof evil.
The troubling situation that caused Habakkuk to cry out to God with his rst round o questions
involved human decisions resulting in injustice and oppression. Interestingly, Habakkuk
doesn’t blame or accuse God or allowing evil decisions to be made; rather, Habakkuk is initiallyimpatient that God seems to be slow in punishing those decisions.
But when people talk about the “problem o evil” today, they oten go straight to the question
that Habakkuk didn’t ask: “Why does God allow evil people to harm and oppress the innocent?”
[Q] When you think about evil, what are some o the events or individuals rom history that
come to mind?
[Q] Read Deuteronomy 30:15–20. These and other verses in the Bible make it clear that
human beings have the reedom to make choices that are good or evil. How does thisreedom impact the “problem o evil”?
[Q] Is it possible or God to both grant human beings ree will and prevent them rom
making evil decisions? Why or why not?
u Is it possible or God to grant human beings ree will and prevent the consequences o
their evil decisions? Explain.
[Q] Read Ephesians 6:10–17. What responsibility do Christians have to ght against the evil
present in our world?
As Habakkuk noted, God is most certainly responsible or punishing those people who choose
to engage in evil and cause harm to others. And this is a responsibility that God does not take
lightly. Reread Habakkuk 2:2–20.
[Q] Does the act that God will eventually punish evil deeds bring any comort to you? Why
or why not?
[Q] How should we deal with our rustration that God’s timing doesn’t always match up with
our preerred timing when it comes to these punishments?
Leader’s note: The proper way to deal with our rustration is to understand that God
is God and we are not, which results in submission and trust. Read Habakkuk 3:16–19
again to see how the prophet handled his own rustration and conusion.
Teaching Point Three: We may never understand why God allows natural disasters and other “actsof God.”
In the video, theologian Charles Price notes that “i an avalanche
takes place on a mountain, that’s not in itsel ‘evil’—that’s not
a moral issue . . . that is a tragic accident.” And he is certainly
correct. Natural catastrophes are not evil in a moral sense. And
yet, they have caused a great amount o pain and suering among
people whom God claims to love. How can we explain this?
As a hypothetical situation, imagine that a tornado is going to
wipe out a Midwestern town on Thursday morning. It’s currently
Wednesday; what options does God have in dealing with this
situation?
uHe can prevent the tornado rom occurring (either
naturally or supernaturally).
uHe can divert the tornado to an unpopulated area.
uHe can warn the inhabitants o the town and give them a
chance to escape.
uHe can choose to do nothing.
[Q] Are there any other options that have not been covered?
[Q] Which option seems to be the “best”?
[Q] Which option seems the least good?
[Q] Why does God almost always choose to do nothing about natural disasters when he has the
knowledge and power to stop them?
It is unlikely that humanity will ever be able to answer this question, because to do so would mean
that we have achieved a deep understanding o the mind o God. To speak as Scripture does, “God’s
ways are not our ways.” To speak rankly, our only option when thinking about this question is to trust
in the goodness o God.
Read Habakkuk 3:16–19 again.
[Q] In what ways is this a satisying answer or you? In what ways is it unsatisying?
Optional Activity d Purpose:
To highlight our
expectations when it comes to preventing othersrom experiencing pain.
d Activity:Find a movie that has athrilling rescue scene. Thiscould be a super-heromovie like Batman or The Incredibles , or it could bea disaster lm like Twister
or 2012 .
Show the entire clip to yourgroup and then ask: “What would we think about thehero i he decided to takeno action to save thosewho were in danger? Howis that the same or dierent rom God?”
apply Your FdThe “problem o evil” has been a sticking point or many people through the ages when it comes
to belie or aith in God. People have a dicult time understanding how a God lled with love andgoodness could allow so much pain in our world, and they decide to reject God because o it.
Christians need to show a proper respect or these questions when speaking to people who do not
ollow God—pithy answers are almost never helpul. Even more, we need to be open and honest
about our own doubts and conusion. These are tough questions that need to be grappled with, and
the act o wrestling with them as a community is a valuable witness to the rest o the world.
But at the end o the day, our only recourse is to trust in the goodness o God. Fortunately, there is
one thing that makes it easier to trust as we consider the ups and downs o the story o lie here onEarth: We know how the story ends.
Action Point: Read Revelation 21 and 22 this week during your devotional times to see
how the story ends. Keep this question in mind as you read: “How does knowing human
beings’ eternal destination impact how I view pain and suering on Earth?”
Session 4: Leader’s Guide | What About My Doubts? | 22
[Q] Were there elements o the video that you ound interesting or conusing?
Teaching Point One: All Christians experience times of doubt and distancefrom God.
Mother Teresa is not the only well-known ollower o God to express regret, conusion, and doubt.The psalms o David record several instances o intense emotion, ranging all the way rom worship
and praise to doubt and ear.
Read Psalm 22:1–2.
[Q] What is the dominant emotion o these verses?
[Q] I you have experienced serious doubts or conusion about God, what steps did you take to
get closer to him? Which steps worked and which did not? The rst line rom Psalm 22 is amiliar to many Christians because Jesus cried out these words
just beore his death on the cross (see Matthew 27:46 and Mark 15:34). David’s words are a
powerul refection o the betrayal and anguish that Jesus elt ater taking on the weight o human
sin. But that is not the only time that Jesus elt isolated or distanced rom God.
Read Matthew 26:36–46.
[Q] What emotions are mentioned in the text?
[Q] Was Jesus experiencing doubt? I you don’t think so, how would you describe this
encounter?
[Q] I David, Jesus, and Mother Teresa all had times when they elt separated rom or
abandoned by God, what does that mean or us?
Teaching Point Two: Confusion and doubt can help us cling to God.
Read Psalm 22:3–21.
[Q] What are the dominant emotions expressed in these verses?
[Q] What kind o experience is David describing in verses 12–18? What do you think was
happening to him?
Many scholars believe that David wrote this psalm while under duress and persecution rom Saul
(see 1 Samuel 21:1–23:29). David was literally being hunted by Saul and his armies, and it’s no
Session 4: Leader’s Guide | What About My Doubts? | 23
wonder he elt abandoned by God at times while he was on the
run. Ater all, this was the same person who had been anointed
by Samuel and had deeated Goliath—but it must have seemed
like everything had changed.
[Q] Take a closer look at verses 16–18. What event is beingprophesied here?
[Q] David didn’t know that God would become a man and
one day experience the same situations and emotions
that he was dealing with, but we have the privilege
o seeing that connection. What do you see as the
signicance o this link between David and Jesus?
Leader’s note: Jesus was a descendant o David, which
means the two men will always be connected. But
David was not a savior; he was a man o aith who loved
God, but who had many aws. What’s interesting is that
David is not linked to Jesus in these verses because
o his heroism or compassion or sel-sacrifce, but
because o his suering. In other words, looking back
we can see that the time when David elt abandoned
by God was actually the time he was closest to
experiencing God’s mission and heart.
Read verses 19–21.
[Q] Have you experienced a time when pain or doubt caused
you to turn to God or help?
[Q] When we cling to God in the midst o conusion or doubt
or suering, are we demonstrating strong aith or a lack
o aith? Explain.
Teaching Point Three: Honesty about ourconfusion and doubts will help our witness inthe world.
As Christians, we oten want to project condence and certainty when we interact with people who
disagree with our views on God—atheists included. We want them to see that we really do believe in
God and his mission or this world.
Optional Activity d Purpose:
To highlight how dicult it is to
be certain about things wedon’t understand.
d Activity:Announce to the group that youhave lost a $100 bill and youbelieve it to be somewhere inthe room. As time allows, haveyour group look or the moneyor 2–4 minutes beoregathering everyone together
again. Then ask: “Did anyonend the $100 bill? I not, canwe be absolutely certain that the money is not in this room?”
The answer to that question isno. Your group cannot be 100percent certain that the moneyis not in the room because youhave not searched everypossible inch o the room—you can’t proclaim certainty
about something that is missingunless every possible hidingplace has been searched andthe item is still missing.
That is the problem withatheism. Atheists make theclaim that God does not exist,and they oten speak with ahigh level o certainty. But nohuman being has searched allo the known universe, which
means no human being can sayor sure that God does not exist.
Session 4: Leader’s Guide | What About My Doubts? | 24
Unortunately, that same condence is oten one o the things that conuses and aggravates atheists
the most.
[Q] What words would you use to describe people who have chosen to label themselves as
atheists?
[Q] What words do you think atheists would use to describe Christians? What words have you
heard them use?
[Q] Have you ever been “argued into” an important decision or change o direction when it
comes to your core belies?
Read Psalm 22:22–31. David had a zeal or evangelism as strong as any New Testament Christian’s.
He wanted to see “all the ends o the Earth” worship God as he did. And yet these verses do not
confict with his expressions o emotion earlier in the psalm. David was a man who praised God in
the midst o suering; he recommended God to the nations even when he elt abandoned.We can interact with those who don’t yet share our belies, and live, the same way.
apply Your FdIt’s important that Christians remember the instructions God has given us or interacting with and
ministering to all people: “So in everything, do to others what you would have them do to you, or
this sums up the Law and the Prophets” (Matt. 7:12). These words rom Jesus are an excellent
reminder o what we are called to do with our time on Earth—and what we are not called to do.
Action Point: Consider taking a page rom David’s book (literally!) this week and
writing a psalm that expresses your current emotions about God. I you currently have
a vibrant connection with Jesus, write a psalm o praise and thanksgiving. I you are
eeling conused or abandoned, see i you can put those emotions into words.
And i you fnd that your psalm includes elements rom both ends o the spectrum, you
can eel good that you are in the company o Mother Teresa—not to mention David