Energy systems introduction AS Physical Education 2013

Energy

1. State the only useable energy source in the body and the duration of exercise possible using the bodies stores of ATP2. Name 2 anaerobic energy systems and 1 aerobic energy systems3. Describe 3 energy systems using the key terms intensity and duration

Learning Outcomes are:

Energy is the ability or capacity to do work and is measured in calories or joules.

ATP(Adenosine

Tri-phosphate)Small amounts stored within muscle

cell – total in body – 85g

Enough for 2-3 seconds of exercisee.g. ???????

ATP ADP + P + EnergyATPase

……………is the only immediately usable energy source for all bodily functions and activities (movements).

With only 2-3 seconds of ATP in the body – we need to re-synthesise some!

The body has three processes for doing this – 3 ‘energy systems’

The intensity and duration of the task being performed dictates which of these systems is used

Energy Systems

PC P + C +

ADP + P + ATP

ATP-PC System

Energy

Energy

Stage 1

Stage 2

Lactic Acid

SystemC.H.O.

Glucose

Pyruvic Acid

Lactic Acid

2 ATP

No O2

C.H.O.

Glucose

Pyruvic Acid

Kreb’s Cycle

2CO2

Hydrogen

H2O

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

34 ATP

2 ATP

2 ATP

Electron Transfer

chain

Aerobic System

C6H1206 + 6O2 = 6CO2 +6H2O + ENERGY

Aerobic System

2. During a 1500m race all three energy systems are used to

replenish ATP.

Using the 1500m as your example ,explain when each of the energy systems would be

predominant? (4)

1. The continued replenishment of Adenosine Tri-Phosphate (A.T.P) is essential in maintaining sporting performance. Use a chosen sporting activity to explain when each energy system would be used to replenish A.T.P. [3]

Question 1 – Mark Scheme

(Separate specific sporting activity for each is acceptable.)a. ATP-CP used during very high intensity (95-100%)b. Anaerobic glycolysis/lactic acid system high intensity with longer duration, up to 90 secsc. Aerobic Low to moderate intensity high durationd. Intensity of aerobic exercise and individual fitness level of will determine the use of fats or carbse. Interchangeable and overlap of the energy systems through the energy continuumf. (3 x 1 only if examples are specific from sport/activity)

The relative contribution of each energy system to ATP re-synthesis it is determined by the intensity and duration of exercise.

● Start - ATP - PC High intensity sprint off line to gain position

● Limited supply/short duration of ATP-PC (approx 10 secs) means also use anaerobic glycolysis for the first 100-150m

● Limited supply of muscle glycogen/build up of lactic acid means intensity has to drop

● Pace settles using aerobic system at a lower intensity/high duration

● Working under anaerobic threshold (60-80%)

● As pace builds towards end of race as intensity increases more anaerobic energy will be used

● Final sprint more ATP-PC

Must be related to the actual race in terms of intensity and duration.

Question 2 – Mark Scheme

o On each table there is one hula hoopoTime each member of the group to see how long they can hula for (max 3 attempts if necessary) – record resultsoNext to the best time for each member of the group state which energy system is being usedoWho has the longest time?

Hula Hoop Challenge

1. State the only useable energy source in the body and the duration of exercise possible using the bodies stores of ATP2. Name 2 anaerobic energy systems and 1 aerobic energy systems3. Describe 3 energy systems using the key terms intensity and duration

Learning Outcomes are: