Energy sector in pakistan

ENERGY SECTOR OF PAKISTAN

By Dr. Ali Kashif2012.01.11

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Korea Southern Power Co. Ltd.

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Outline

Energy Sector of Pakistan Facts and Figures of 2006, 07, 08

Energy Crisis Solutions Feasibility for Wind Energy in Pakistan


Energy Sector

Electricity generated by three modes. Thermal 65 % Hydel 33 % Nuclear 2 %

Two companies that produce electricity in Pakistan WAPDA KESC

About 55 % population have access to electricity


Energy Crisis in Pakistan



























Proposed Solutions

Improve Existing Plants Hydel Power Plants Construction of Small Dams Underground electrical wiring New energy resources








Current Situation

The share of gas consumption stood at 43.7 per cent, followed by oil at 29 per cent, electricity at 15.3 per cent, coal at 10.4 per cent and LPG at 1.5 per cent

In last three years, electricity shortage in country have raised from 4 hours to about 18 hours.

About 150 billion Rs bill of electric companies are unpaid. 39 billion from Sindh 36 billions from KESC 9 billions from Punjab, etc


National Costs of Load Shedding

Cost to the Industrial Sector Rs 157 billion

Cost to the other sectors of industrialloss of Value Added Rs 53 billion

Total cost of industrial load sheddingto the economy Rs 219 billion

Cost as percentage of GDP 2 %

Loss of employment in the economy 400,000

Loss of exports Rs 75 billion(equivalent to US $ 1 billion)

Source: IPP estimates listed in Beacon House National University publication: State of the Economy – Emerging from Crisis 2008


ECONOMIC IMPACT DUE TO ENERGY DEFICIT

For firms with self generationAdditional cost of Power self Generation Rs 32 billionValue Added Loss Rs 42 billionTotal Cost Rs 74 billion

For firms without self generationAdditional cost of Power self Generation Rs 6 billionValue Added Loss Rs 77 billionTotal Cost Rs 83 billionOverall Cost to the Industrial Sector Rs 157 billionCost as % of Industrial value added 9%Percentage loss of Production 7%Loss of industrial Employment 300,000 workersSource: IPP estimates listed in Beacon House National University publication: State of the Economy – Emerging from Crisis 2008


Current Status

Alternative Energy Development Board (AEDB), to pursue the path of renewable energy, is focusing on wind and solar sources as viable alternatives.

Pakistan has a potential to produce wind energy ranging from 10000 MW to 50000 MW A project in its first phase has been installed in Jhimpir,

through a Turkish company, and 50 MW will be installed shortly

Zorlu Energy Pakistan has almost completed foundation work for five turbines in Jhimpir. Each capable of producing 1.2 megawatts of electricity.


In recent years, the government has completed several projects to demonstrate that wind energy is viable in the country. In Mirpur Sakro, 85 micro turbines have been installed to

power 356 homes. In Kund Malir, 40 turbines have been installed, which power

111 homes. The Alternative Energy Development Board (AEDB) has also

acquired 18,000 acres for the installation of more wind turbines.


Current Requirement

Pakistan requires 15,000 to 20000MW electricity per day to meet growing needs 11,000 MW per day, shortfall of about 4000 to 9000 MW In value-added export sector alone, Pakistan is losing $10

billion every year due to power shortage. Gross wind power potential of Sindh coastal area is

43000 MW with exploitable generation of about 11000MW

By setting up wind farms, more wind power plants can be built immediately in Jhampir, Gharo, Keti Bandar and Bin Qasim Karachi.Korea Southern Power Co. Ltd.

Feasibility (1/4) Over the last thirty years, Asia has become a major player

on the global scene. Electricity demand is expected to increase 8% every year

until 2015. Todays need: Electricity will increasingly have to come

from renewable sources such as wind and solar. Pakistan is in a good position to exploit these because it has

abundant wind and sun. Pakistan is fortunate to have high wind speeds near major

centers. Near Islamabad, the wind speed is anywhere from 6.2 to 7.4

metres per second (between 13.8 and 16.5 miles per hour). Near Karachi, the range is between 6.2 and 6.9 (between

13.8 and 15.4 miles per hour). Korea Southern Power Co. Ltd.

Feasibility (2/4)

In Balochistan and Sindh provinces, sufficient wind exists to power every coastal village in the country.

There also exists a corridor between Gharo and Keti Bandar that alone could produce between 40,000 and 50,000 megawatts of electricity.

Given this surplus potential, Pakistan has much to offer Asia with regards to wind energy.


Feasibility (3/4)

Pakistan is also fortunate that in neighboring India, the company Suzlon manufactures wind turbines, thus decreasing transportation costs. Its turbines start to turn at a speed of 3 meters per second.

Vestas, which is one of the world’s largest wind turbine manufacturers, has wind turbines that start turning at a speed of 4 metres per second.


Feasibility (4/4)

Sindh coastal areas have greater wind power potential than Balochistan coastal areas. Potential areas cover 9700 square kilometers in Sindh. The gross wind power potential of this area is 43000 MW

and keeping in view the area utilisation constraints, the exploitable electric power generation potential of this area is estimated to be about 11000MW.


Considerations

Within towns and cities, wind speeds can often change quickly due to the presence of buildings and other structures, which can damage wind turbines.

In addition, many people do not wish for turbines to be sited near cities because of noise, though these problems are often exaggerated.


Energy sector in pakistan

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