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Presentation Topic
Energy Resources and supply opt ions ( local
Regional, Nation al, Global)
Subject:Energy and Envornment
Group members
Athar Muhammad Khan(09-MS-TSE-05)
Farukh Fayyaz(07-MS-IME-14)
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Energy resources
Energy resources are generally defined as
anything that can be used as a source of energy.
Some important energy resources are oil,
natural gas and coal. Access to energyresources is vital to economic development and
prosperity
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Classification of Energy resources
Non-renewable or Conventional Energy
Resources
Renewable or Non-conventional Energy
Resources
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Non-renewable or Conventional Energy
Resources
Resources which are in limited amounts and cannot be
renewed are called non-renewable energy resources.
Fossil fuels like coal and petroleum are some examples.
Petroleum products are energy-rich components ofcarbon which have undergone anaerobic degradation
with the help of sun's energy.
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Renewable or Non-conventional Energy
Resources Renewable energy resources are solar radiation, wind
power, hydel power, biomass and nuclear power. Theycan be recycled and renewed by nature. For mostrenewable sources there is no inherent storagecapability therefore must be integrated into electrical
network. Electricity can be supplied either by transmission or
through batteries in stored form
Independent fuel supply and price variability and arethereby economically less risky
Renewable resources are more uniformly distributedgeographically than fossil fuel providing indigenousresource for energy most fuel poor nations
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World Reserves of Oil
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World Reserves of Coal
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Energy supply Energy supply is the delivery of fuels or transformed
fuels to point of consumption. It potentiallyencompasses the extraction, transmission, generation,distribution and storage of fuels.
Energy supply is the total amount of usable energyavailable to people for doing work. We use forms of
energy to operate machinery; to heat and cool ourhomes and offices; to cook; to provide light; and totransport people and goods. Heat energy is the mostcommonly used form of energy.Energy may be obtained directly from an energysource, as when people burn wood to produce heat.
Energy may also be obtained indirectly. For example, ata power plant, oil is burned to create steam and thatsteam produced is used to power a generator which isused for electricity.
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Energy supply cntd.
The sources of supply are usually physically remote from theultimate user. Colombian coal is shipped to Europe on an oil-fired vessel, and burned in a power station to light the lamps ofLondon. A vast number of other energy sources contributed to
the infrastructure which makes this possible, from the tungstenin the lamp filament to the glass that surrounds it. This is oftencalled "embodied energy", and its costs, as much as the directcosts of supply, determine economic choices which consumersmay make.
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Energy supply cntd.
About 85 percent of all commercial energy comes frompetroleum, coal, and natural gas. Petroleum, coal, andnatural gas are called fossil fuels because theydeveloped from the fossilized remains of prehistoricplants.
The earth contains only a limited supply offossil fuels.But the amount offossil fuel burned by people toproduce energy has nearly doubled every 20 years since1900. It is projected that soon, the supply will run out.Scientists and engineers are working to develop other
sources of energy.
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Fuel SupplyFossil fuels are supplied in certain ways,
Coal can be supplied by rails, trucks and also can be
shipped .
oil can be supplied through pipe lines, storage tankers etc
and can also be shipped.
Gas can be supplied through pipe lines or through storage
cylinders. LNG carriers transport liquefied natural gas (LNG)
across oceans, while tanks trucks can carry liquefied or (CNG)
over shorter distances. Sea transport using CNG carrier ships
that are now under development may be competitive with LNGtransport in specific conditions.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LNG_carrierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquefied_natural_gashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquefied_natural_gashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LNG_carrier7/30/2019 Energy Resources and Supply Options
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Energy source selection
Energy source selection depends on certain factors.
Which sources are chosen depends on what history has
established in terms of capital equipment and habit as it
does on economics, considerations of supply integrity orother policy concerns. The nature of the economy itself,
shifting from primary production to the service economy,
changes both the quantity and type of energy used. The
scale of economic activity largely determines how muchenergy is employed in it.
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Energy supply problems
By the year 2100, the world's commercial energysystem will be replaced at least twice, which offers
opportunities to change the present energy system in
step with the normal timing of the corresponding
investments, using emerging technologies inenvironmentally sound ways. Therefore, this
assessment focuses on the performance of these
emerging technologies
With an increase in population comes an increase in
electric and chemical power consumption
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Energy supply problems cntd.
One of the most pressing problems facing humankind
today is the lack of long-term assurance of energy
supplies. Most energy resources in use are finite; there
are only so many coal, oil, and natural gas reserves
that can be tapped-and those reserves are not
bottomless in quantity. The limit is fast approaching, as
technology demands higher and higher levels of what
resources are available
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Energy supply problems cntd.
The planet abounds with low quality energy sources, but
the high utility sources of supply are located in a
relatively few countries. This degree of concentration is
increasing. Oil production is in the hands of a price-fixing
cartel. Gas supplies operate along tenuous thread-likepipelines, often passing through areas prone to anything
from armed uprisings to banditry. Many of the energy-
rich states are generically unstable, and importing
nations must therefore be concerned about supplysecurity.
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Four structural issues with which we should concernourselves.
First, how is growth to continue without causing dangerousconsequences through pollution?
Second, how are the developing countries to achieve theenergy-related investment that they need, both to grow andnot to pollute?
Third, how is supply diversity to be achieved so as to avoidsource-related disruption, and also the economic impact ofrising costs of supply?
Fourth - less a question than a statement - energy supply
will cost more than it did in the past. Not only are the"easy" energy sources nearly exhausted, but demand isset to grow, and overheads - such as pollutionmanagement - are also going to increase.
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Thank you