Energy Notes. What is the ability to cause a change in matter? energy energy.

Energy NotesEnergy Notes

What is the ability to cause What is the ability to cause a change in matter?a change in matter?

energyenergy

What is the measure of how What is the measure of how much work something can much work something can produce?produce?

energyenergy

What is work?What is work?

Using force to move Using force to move an objectan object

Why is energy not a type of Why is energy not a type of matter?matter?

Matter: Solid, liquid, gasMatter: Solid, liquid, gas

Energy: Ability to move Energy: Ability to move matter aroundmatter around

What law states that energy can What law states that energy can never be made or destroyed, never be made or destroyed, but it can change forms?but it can change forms?

Law of Conservation Law of Conservation of Energyof Energy

What do people use energy What do people use energy for?for?

Use the energy Use the energy stored in food to stored in food to move, to talk, and move, to talk, and even to sleepeven to sleep

What is kinetic energy?What is kinetic energy?

Energy in motionEnergy in motion

Give an example of kinetic Give an example of kinetic energy.energy.

Airplane flyingAirplane flying

Person riding a bikePerson riding a bike

What is potential energy?What is potential energy?

Energy an object has Energy an object has because of its because of its condition or positioncondition or position

(stored energy)(stored energy)

Give an example of potential Give an example of potential energy.energy.

A ball sitting on a A ball sitting on a desk waiting to falldesk waiting to fall

A book on a shelf A book on a shelf waiting to fallwaiting to fall

When can something have both When can something have both kinetic and potential kinetic and potential energy?energy?

As a book falls from As a book falls from the shelf, it loses the shelf, it loses potential energy and potential energy and gains kinetic energygains kinetic energy

What is the movement of What is the movement of energy from one place or energy from one place or object to another?object to another?

Energy transferEnergy transfer

Give an example of Give an example of transferring energy?transferring energy?

Throwing a Throwing a basketball from basketball from yourself to your yourself to your teammate, and then teammate, and then this person dribbles this person dribbles the ball.the ball.

What is energy that comes What is energy that comes from the Sun?from the Sun?

Solar EnergySolar Energy

What does “solar” mean?What does “solar” mean?

““of the sun”of the sun”

When do people use solar When do people use solar energy?energy?

Solar-powered Solar-powered calculatorscalculators

Energy from the Sun travels Energy from the Sun travels as ____________.as ____________.

radiationradiation

What are the two types of What are the two types of radiation?radiation?

Light- We can seeLight- We can see

Heat- We can feelHeat- We can feel

What would Earth be like What would Earth be like without solar energy?without solar energy?

Ball of frozen rock Ball of frozen rock with no lifewith no life

How is solar energy useful?How is solar energy useful?

Electricity for some Electricity for some buildings buildings

Heat water (swimming Heat water (swimming pools and home pools and home showers)showers)

What are problems with What are problems with solar energy?solar energy?

expensiveexpensive

Many places do not have Many places do not have enough sunny daysenough sunny days

What is energy stored in What is energy stored in fuel called?fuel called?

Chemical energyChemical energy

How can it be released, and How can it be released, and what is it when it is not what is it when it is not being used?being used?

By a chemical reaction By a chemical reaction (like burning)(like burning)

When it is not being When it is not being used it is potential used it is potential energyenergy

Give an example of a Give an example of a chemical reaction.chemical reaction.

Burning woodBurning wood

What energy is the combination What energy is the combination of all the potential and of all the potential and kinetic energy that kinetic energy that something has?something has?

Mechanical Mechanical energyenergy

Give an example of Give an example of mechanical energy.mechanical energy.

Helicopter moving-Helicopter moving- Kinetic Kinetic EnergyEnergy

Fuel in tank-Fuel in tank- Chemical Energy, Chemical Energy, which is potentialwhich is potential

The combining of both causes The combining of both causes mechanical energymechanical energy

What energy comes from an What energy comes from an electric current? What is electric current? What is another name for it?another name for it?

Electrical energyElectrical energy

ElectricityElectricity

Give an example of Give an example of electrical energy.electrical energy.

What is energy in the form of What is energy in the form of vibrations that travel vibrations that travel through matter?through matter?

Sound energySound energy

Give an example of sound Give an example of sound energy.energy.

Placing hands on radio and Placing hands on radio and feeling the vibrationsfeeling the vibrations

Feeling the vibrations of sounds Feeling the vibrations of sounds with their feetwith their feet

What is thermal energy?What is thermal energy?

Heat energyHeat energy

What is the transfer of thermal What is the transfer of thermal energy between objects with energy between objects with different temperatures?different temperatures?

HeatHeat

How does thermal energy How does thermal energy travel?travel?

From warmer From warmer objects to a objects to a cooler objectcooler object

What is transferred when What is transferred when you hold a hot mug?you hold a hot mug?

Thermal energy Thermal energy goes from cup to goes from cup to your handyour hand

What is lost from the same What is lost from the same mug when you hold it?mug when you hold it?

Energy is lost in Energy is lost in the mug and the mug and transferred to transferred to your hands.your hands.

What is the measurement of the What is the measurement of the average kinetic energy of all average kinetic energy of all the particles in a the particles in a substance?substance?

TemperatureTemperature

What is the most common way What is the most common way to produce heat by rubbing to produce heat by rubbing things together?things together?

FrictionFriction

Give an example of friction.Give an example of friction.

Rubbing your hands Rubbing your hands togethertogether

Slamming on the car’s Slamming on the car’s brakesbrakes

What is a set of parts acting What is a set of parts acting together as a whole object?together as a whole object?

SystemSystem

Give an example of a Give an example of a system.system.

A burner, a pot, A burner, a pot, and water are a and water are a system that system that produces thermal produces thermal energy.energy.

What is transfer of thermal What is transfer of thermal energy from one object energy from one object directly into another?directly into another?

conductionconduction

Give an example of Give an example of conduction.conduction.

Holding a hot mugHolding a hot mug

What is the transfer of thermal What is the transfer of thermal energy through the energy through the movement of a gas or a movement of a gas or a liquid?liquid?

convectionconvection

Give an example of Give an example of convection.convection.

A pot of boiling waterA pot of boiling water

What is the transfer of energy What is the transfer of energy by waves that move through by waves that move through matter and space?matter and space?

radiationradiation

Give an example of Give an example of radiation.radiation.

Radiation from the Radiation from the SunSun

What doesn’t radiation need What doesn’t radiation need that conduction and that conduction and convection need?convection need?

Matter for heat to Matter for heat to travel throughtravel through

What does conduction What does conduction require?require?

Two objects Two objects must be in must be in contactcontact

What does convection What does convection require?require?

Requires a gas Requires a gas or a liquidor a liquid

What is reflection?What is reflection?

Heat or light Heat or light bounces off an bounces off an objectobject

What is anything that slows the What is anything that slows the movement of thermal movement of thermal energy?energy?

insulatorsinsulators

What is anything that allows What is anything that allows thermal emery to move thermal emery to move through it easily called?through it easily called?

conductorsconductors

Why is the handle on a spoon in Why is the handle on a spoon in a glass of hot coffee a glass of hot coffee extremely hot and the foam extremely hot and the foam cup is not very hot at all?cup is not very hot at all?

Spoon:Spoon: Metal and good Metal and good conductor of heatconductor of heat

Foam Cup:Foam Cup: Insulator of heat Insulator of heat

What is the best conductor What is the best conductor of heat?of heat?

metalmetal

Is a solid, liquid, or gas the Is a solid, liquid, or gas the easiest to transfer energy?easiest to transfer energy?

solidsolid

What is the poorest thermal What is the poorest thermal conductor of heat?conductor of heat?

GasesGases

What is hydroelectric What is hydroelectric energy?energy?

Moving water that Moving water that can spin to make can spin to make electricity- electricity-

Hoover DamHoover Dam

What are fossil fuels and What are fossil fuels and give some examples.give some examples.

Fuels that formed from Fuels that formed from the remains of once-living the remains of once-living thingsthings

Coal, oil, and natural gasCoal, oil, and natural gas

What are the remains or traces What are the remains or traces of past life, and it is found in of past life, and it is found in sedimentary rock?sedimentary rock?

FossilsFossils

What is any material that can be What is any material that can be used to satisfy a need?used to satisfy a need?

ResourceResource

What is a resource that, once What is a resource that, once used up, cannot be replaced used up, cannot be replaced within a reasonable amount within a reasonable amount of time?of time?

Nonrenewable Nonrenewable resourceresource

Give an example of a Give an example of a nonrenewable resource.nonrenewable resource.

Oil, coal, natural Oil, coal, natural gasgas

What is using less of something What is using less of something to make the supply last to make the supply last longer?longer?

conservationconservation

Give an example of Give an example of conservation.conservation.

Using less hot waterUsing less hot water

Less electricityLess electricity

What is a resource that can be What is a resource that can be replaced within a replaced within a reasonable amount of time?reasonable amount of time?

Renewable Renewable resourceresource

Give an example of a Give an example of a renewable resource.renewable resource.

Solar Energy Solar Energy (Sun)(Sun)

WindWind

What is anything that dirties or What is anything that dirties or harms the environment?harms the environment?

pollutionpollution

What are some forms of air What are some forms of air pollution?pollution?

When coal, oil, and When coal, oil, and natural gas are burned, natural gas are burned, the gases are released the gases are released into the atmosphere.into the atmosphere.

What is wind energy?What is wind energy?

Wind turns windmills Wind turns windmills which generate electricitywhich generate electricity

Bowling GreenBowling Green

What are the pros and cons What are the pros and cons of wind energy?of wind energy?

Pros:Pros: No pollution No pollution

Cons:Cons: Costly and take up Costly and take up large areas of landlarge areas of land