Energy Management :: 2011/12 Class # 1 Course organization Sustainability and resource management Prof. Paulo Ferrão [email protected]
Energy Management : : 2011/12
Feb 25, 2016
Energy Management : : 2011/12. Class # 1 Course organization Sustainability and resource management Prof. Paulo Ferrão [email protected]. Human development and resource productivity. 100. 90. Environment. 80. Labor. Capital. 70. 60. Importância relativa. 50. 40. 30. 20. 10. 0. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Energy Management :: 2011/12
Class # 1
Course organizationSustainability and resource management
Prof. Paulo Ferrã[email protected]
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 2 of 53
Era Schoool Main Productivity factors
MainActors
Wealthperception
Perception of Environment
Up to the 18th Century
Fisiocrats(Quesnay, Turgot)
Land, agriculture, Natural Resources
Farmers Crop value Main production factor
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 500 1000 1500Ano
Impo
rtân
cia
rela
tiva
EnvironmentLaborCapital
Human development and resource productivity
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 3 of 53
Producers Consumenrs
DecomposersNutrients reservoir
Energy
Nutrients
Natural Ecosystem
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 4 of 53
Era Schoool Main Productivity factors
MainActors
Wealthperception
Perception of Environment
End of the 18th Century and middle 19th Century
Adam Smith, Karl Marx
Work on Manufacturing
Companies and commerce
Objective assets, capital
Secondary production factor, supporting labor
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 500 1000 1500Ano
Impo
rtân
cia
rela
tiva
EnvironmentLaborCapital
Human development and resource productivity
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 5 of 53
Era Schoool Main Productivity factors
MainActors
Wealthperception
Perception of Environment
End of the 19th Century, 20th Century
Neoclassics Labor: manufacturing, administration, research and development
Market and companies
Different subjective values determined by market
Value totally overcome by capital and labour
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 500 1000 1500 2000Ano
Impo
rtân
cia
rela
tiva
EnvironmentLaborCapital
Human development and resource productivity
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 6 of 53
Era Schoool Main Productivity factors
MainActors
Wealthperception
Perception of Environment
Contemporary Multifactors Markets, companies and technologies
GDP
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 500 1000 1500 2000Ano
Impo
rtân
cia
rela
tiva
EnvironmentLaborCapital
Unemployment and overexploitation of environment are factors that determin the major relevance of the Productivitity of Natural Resources
Human development and resource productivity
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 7 of 53
Extended product responsability
Eco-efficiencyDesign for EnvironmentLife Cycle Assessment
LCA
Product oriented
Business-as-usualCompliance with regulationPollution prevention
EIA, Energy audits, Envir. audits
Process oriented
Historical pattern of Environmental strategies Time and Space
Historical pattern of Environmental Strategies
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 8 of 53
MSW
EEE
Car
Components Manufacturing Assembl
yUse
Waste
Environment
ResourcesResources
Life cycle thinking
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 9 of 53
MSW
Others
EEEProduct
Life C
ycle
Space
Environment
Car
Components Manufacturing Assembl
yUse
Resources Waste
Life cycle thinking
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 10 of 53
Industrial EcologyCreating loop closing industrial ecosystemsPromoting waste exchangesCascading energy utilization
Systems Oriented
Extended product responsability
Eco-efficiencyDesign for EnvironmentLife Cycle Assessment
LCA
Product oriented
Business-as-usualCompliance with regulationPollution prevention
EIA, Energy audits, Envir. audits
Process oriented
Historical pattern of Environmental strategies Time and Space
Historical pattern of Environmental Strategies
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 11 of 53
Others
MSW
EEE
CarComponents
Manufacturing Assembly
Use
Incinera
tion
Landfill
Resource
s
Recyc
ling
I.E. T
ech.
Shre
dder
Product
Life C
ycle
Space
Bulk- MFA
LCA
SFA MFA
TOOLS
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 12 of 53
Producers Consumenrs
DecomposersNutrients reservoir
Energy
Nutrients
Natural Ecosystem
ECONOMYMETABOLISM
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 13 of 5313
Materials Flow Analysis
EconomyAir
Water
Air Water
* Matthews et al. (2000)
Stocks
Imports Exports
ENVIRONMENT
Environmentalburdens
DMITMRDomesticextraction
Domesticoutput
Foreign hidden flows
Domestic hidden flows
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 14 of 53
Portugal in the European Context
Adapted from Bringezu and Schütz, 2000, Total Material Requirement of the European Union, European Environment Agency, Technical report No 55.
(1988-1997)
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 15 of 53
A new Kuznets Curve ?
itititit yydmi 2210
Canas, A., Ferrão, P. and Conceição, P. (2003) “A new environmental kuznets curve? Relationship between direct material input and income per capita: evidence from industrialized countries”. Ecological Economics. Volume 46, Issue 2, September 2003 , Pages 217-229.
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 16 of 53
Ecological Footprint
The ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT
is a resource management tool that measures how much land and water area a human population requires to produce the resources it consumes and to absorb its wastes under prevailing technology.
• The Ecological Footprint, human demand, and biocapacity, ecosystem supply, are both measured in units of global hectares, a hectare normalized to the average productivity of all bioproductive hectares on Earth.
• As of 2003, there are approximately 11.2 billion global hectares of area available. In that same year, humanity demanded products and services from the equivalent of 14.1 billion global hectares.
• Excel file
Available in: http://www.footprintnetwork.org
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 17 of 53
Ecological Footprint
Available in: http://www.footprintnetwork.org
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 18 of 53
Ecological Footprint
Available in: http://www.footprintnetwork.org
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 19 of 53
HOW TO DESIGN A BETTER WORLD ?
ENERGY MANAGEMENT
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 20 of 53
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 21 of 53
Energy transformation
Sankey Diagramm
Primary energy
Final energy
Useful energy
Productive energy
PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
CONTROL & BEHAVIOR
Energy Transformation:
Dams, thermal power stations, wind mills, ... Refineries, … Fuel transport, electricity networks, …
Energy Conversion:
Internal combustion engines, ... Lamps, … Heaters, …
Supp
lyDe
man
d
Energy Use:
Products, ... Confort, … Transportation, …
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 22 of 53
Block diagramEXAMPLE
DE
C
GA 11109
75
2
F
1
4 B
3
6
128
CECE
CEfCEfSCECE CESCECE
CESCECE CEfCEfCEfSCECE
CESCECE CESCECE
45
5533CC7
2AA4
4BB6
776611DD9
9EE10
10GG11
Operation AM2M3
MR
EAMaterials
lnput Production
Energyconsumption
Residues
M1
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 23 of 53
Energy systems analysis
PROBLEM 01 – Complex system (recycling + treatment)
Consider the following system, and determine the matrix of flow relations.
43D
5E
6Final
7F
8G
9Energy
10H
11Waste
Treatment
14J
13I
12
B2
A1
K
15
Recycling
16
C
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 24 of 53
IO model - Leontief
• Idea developed by W. Leontief (Nobel prize in economics in 70’s)
• Part of National Income and Product Accounts• Total Inputs = Total Outputs
Transaction table beetween sectors Final demand
Total Output
x11 + x12 + x13 + … + x1n + y1 = x1x21 + x22 + x23 + … + x2n + y2 = x2 x31 + x32 + x33 + … + x3n + y3 = x3…………………………………….xn1 + xn2 + xn3 + … + xnn + y3 = xn
Sales
$
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 25 of 53
Evaluation
Contribution to the final classification
2 Tests Early Nov. + 1 exam date
50% each
1 Exam 100 %
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