Energy Management :: 2007/2008 Class # 1 Course organization and Sustainability and resource management Prof Pa lo Ferrão Prof. Paulo Ferrão [email protected] Prof. João Parente j t @d it tl t joao.parente@dem.ist.utl.pt
Energy Management :: 2007/2008
Class # 1
Course organization and Sustainability and resource management
Prof Pa lo FerrãoProf. Paulo Ferrã[email protected]
Prof. João Parentej t @d i t tl [email protected]
Energy Management
Evaluation
CLASSES: CLASSES:
TheoreticalMonday from 14h30 to 16h30 (IST room V1 36 Civil Eng Building) or Friday from 15h to 17h (IST room Monday, from 14h30 to 16h30 (IST - room V1.36, Civil Eng. Building) or Friday from 15h to 17h (IST - room QA02.1, South Tower), and
PracticalPracticalTuesday from 13h to 14h30 (IST - room C12, Central Building), or from 14h30 to 16h (IST - room V1.25, Civil Eng. Building), or
Thursday from 14h30 to 16h (IST room V1 33 Civil Eng Building) or from 16h to 17h30 (IST room V1 16 Thursday from 14h30 to 16h (IST - room V1.33, Civil Eng. Building), or from 16h to 17h30 (IST - room V1.16, Civil Eng. Building).
https://fenix.ist.utl.pt/disciplinas/gene-2/2008-2009/1-semestre/pagina-inicial
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 2 of 53
https://fenix.ist.utl.pt/disciplinas/gene 2/2008 2009/1 semestre/pagina inicial
Energy Management
Course Organization
Calendar Planeamento da execuçãoWeek Date Theory Practice Assignments
1 15-19 Sep Presentation. Introduction. Energy Statistics -
2 22-26 Sep Primary and final energy. Primary and final energy. -
3 29-3 Oct Energy markets. Energy prices. -
4 6 10 Oct Energy and environment Energy and environment Ass 1 Energy Proces4 6-10 Oct Energy and environment. Energy and environment. Ass. 1 Energy Proces
5 13-17 Oct Energy systems modelling. LCA. Energy systems modelling. LCA. -
6 20-24 Oct Energy systems modelling. Blocks diagramm.
Energy systems modelling. Blocks diagramm.
Ass. 2 SGCIETP topic definition
7 27-31 Oct Energy systems modelling. Input-Output
Energy systems modelling. Input-Output -
8 3-7 Nov Energy systems modelling. Input-Output
Energy systems modelling. Input-Output Ass. 3 Input-Output
9 10-14 Nov Energy audits. Energy audits. -
10 17-21 Nov Energy in buildings Energy in buildings Ass. 4 RCCTE
11 24-28 Nov Energy in buildings Energy in buildings -
12 1-5 Dec Microgeneration. Microgeneration. Ass. 5 RSECE
13 8-12 Dec Microgeneration. Microgeneration. -
A 6 Mi ti
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 3 of 53
14 15-19 Dec DSM DSM Ass. 6 MicrogenerationTP presentation
Energy Management
Evaluation
Contribution to the final classification6 Assignments 5% each – 30%
1 T 40 %1 Term paper 40 %
1 Exam 30 % or 70%
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 4 of 53
Energy Management
At a global wide scale, do we have an “energy problem”?
How can we define an “energy problem”?
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 5 of 53
Energy Management
What are the spatial and time scales associated to this problem?
Can we draw an equation to model the “energy problem”?
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 6 of 53
Energy Management
Human development and resource productivity
90
100
70
80
90at
iva
EnvironmentLaborCapital
40
50
60
Impo
rtân
cia
rela
10
20
30
I
00 500 1000 1500
Ano
Era Schoool Main Productivity factors
MainActors
Wealthperception
Perception of Environment
Up to the Fisiocrats Land, agriculture, Farmers Crop value Main production
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 7 of 53
p18th Century
(Quesnay, Turgot)
, g ,Natural Resources
p pfactor
Energy Management
Human development and resource productivity
90
100
70
80
90at
iva
EnvironmentLaborCapital
40
50
60
Impo
rtân
cia
rela
10
20
30
I
00 500 1000 1500
Ano
Era Schoool Main Productivity factors
MainActors
Wealthperception
Perception of Environment
End of the Adam Smith, Work on Companies Objective Secondary
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 8 of 53
18th Century and middle 19th Century
,Karl Marx Manufacturing
pand commerce
jassets, capital
yproduction factor, supporting labor
Energy Management
Human development and resource productivity
90
100
70
80
90at
iva
EnvironmentLaborCapital
40
50
60
Impo
rtân
cia
rela
10
20
30
I
00 500 1000 1500 2000
Ano
Era Schoool Main Productivity factors
MainActors
Wealthperception
Perception of Environment
End of the 19th Century,
Neoclassics Labor: manufacturing, administration,
Market and companies
Different subjective
Value totally overcome by
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 9 of 53
20th Century research and development
values determined by market
capital and labour
Energy Management
Human development and resource productivity
90
100
70
80
90at
iva
EnvironmentLaborCapital
40
50
60
Impo
rtân
cia
rela
Unemployment and overexploitation of
10
20
30
I overexploitation of environment are factors that determin the major relevance of the Productivitity of Natural Resources
00 500 1000 1500 2000
Ano
Resources
Era Schoool Main Productivity factors
MainActors
Wealthperception
Perception of Environment
Contemporary Multifactors Markets, GDP
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 10 of 53
p y ,companies and technologies
Energy Management
Portugal in the European Context
(1988-1997)
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 11 of 53
Adapted from Bringezu and Schütz, 2000, Total Material Requirement of the European Union, European Environment Agency, Technical report No 55.
Energy Management
A new Kuznets Curve ?
itititit yydmi εβββ +++= 2210
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 12 of 53
Canas, A., Ferrão, P. and Conceição, P. (2003) “A new environmental kuznets curve? Relationshipbetween direct material input and income per capita: evidence from industrialized countries”.Ecological Economics. Volume 46, Issue 2, September 2003 , Pages 217-229.
Energy Management
Materials Flow Analysis
Air Air AirWater
Air Water
Imports ExportsTMR
Foreign hidden flows
Economy
StocksEnvironmentalburdens
DMITMRDomesticextraction
Domesticoutput
ENVIRONMENT
Domestic hidden flows
* Matthews et al. (2000)
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 13 of 53
Energy Management
Metabolism of the Portuguese Economy, Year 2000
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 14 of 53
S. Niza and P. Ferrão (2005) “ Metabolism of a transitional economy: The Portuguese case study”.Resources, Conservation and Recycling.
Energy Management
Evolution of the productivity factors
Época School Main productivity factors
Main actors
Perception of wealth
Perception of environment
Up to the 18th Century
Fisiocratas (Quesnay, Turgot)
Land, agriculture, Natural Resources
Farmers Crop value Main production factor
End of the 18th C d
Adam S ith
Work on M f t i
Companies d
Objective
Secondary d i Century and
middle 19th Century
Smith, Karl Marx
Manufacturing and commerce
assets, capital
production factor, supporting labor
End of the 19th Neoclassics Labor: Market and Sum of Value totally Unemplo ment andEnd of the 19th Century, 20th Century
Neoclassics Labor: manufacturing, administration, research and development
Market and companies
Sum of different sujective valuespelo mercado
Value totally overcome by capital and labour
Unemployment and overexploitation of environment are factors that determin the major
Contemporary Multifactors Market, companies and technology
GDPj
relevance of the Productivitity of Natural Resources
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 15 of 53
Adapted from Bleischwitz (2001) “Rethinking productivity: Why has productivity focused on labor instead of natural resources? Environmental and resource economics,19.
Energy Management
Historical pattern of Environmental Strategies
BusinessBusiness--asas--usualusual
Historical pattern of Environmental strategiesHistorical pattern of Environmental strategies Time and Time and SpaceSpace
Compliance with regulationPollution prevention
EIA Energy audits
Process orientedProcess oriented
Extended product Extended product responsabilityresponsability
E ffi i
EIA, Energy audits, Envir. audits
Eco-efficiencyDesign for EnvironmentLife Cycle Assessment
LCA
Product orientedProduct oriented
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 16 of 53
Energy Management
Life cycle thinking
MSW
EEE
Car
Components Components AssemblyAssembly UseUseManufacturingManufacturing AssemblyAssembly UseUse
WasteResourcesResources
Environment
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 17 of 53
Energy Management
Life cycle thinking
Others
MSW
EEE
Car
ComponentsComponentsComponents ManufacturingComponents
Manufacturing AssemblyAssembly UseUse
Resources Waste
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 18 of 53
Environment
Energy Management
Natural Ecosystem
Producers Consumenrs
ECONOMYMETABOLISM
DecomposersNutrients reservoir
Energy
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 19 of 53
Nutrients
Energy Management
Historical pattern of Environmental Strategies
BusinessBusiness--asas--usualusual
Historical pattern of Environmental strategiesHistorical pattern of Environmental strategies Time and Time and SpaceSpace
Compliance with regulationPollution prevention
EIA Energy audits
Process orientedProcess oriented
Extended product Extended product responsabilityresponsability
E ffi i
EIA, Energy audits, Envir. audits
Eco-efficiencyDesign for EnvironmentLife Cycle Assessment
LCA
Product orientedProduct oriented
IndustrialIndustrial EcologyEcologyCreating loop closing
industrial ecosystemsPromoting waste exchanges
Systems OrientedSystems Oriented
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 20 of 53
Cascading energy utilization
Energy Management
Others
MSW
EEE
CarComponents
ManufacturingComponents
Manufacturing AssemblyAssembly UseUseManufacturingManufacturing yy
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 21 of 53
Energy Management
Others
BulkBulk-- MFAMFA
Others
MSWTOOLSEEE
CarComponents Components AssemblyAssembly UseUse
LCALCA
ManufacturingManufacturing AssemblyAssembly UseUse
SFASFASFASFA MFAMFA
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 22 of 53
Energy ManagementEcological Footprint
The
ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT is a resource management tool that measures how much land and water area a human population how much land and water area a human population requires to produce the resources it consumes and to absorb its wastes under prevailing technology.
• The Ecological Footprint, human demand, and biocapacity, ecosystem supply, are both measured in units of global hectares, a hectare normalized to the average productivity of all bioproductive hectares on normalized to the average productivity of all bioproductive hectares on Earth.
• As of 2003, there are approximately 11.2 billion global hectares of area available. In that same year, humanity demanded products and services available. In that same year, humanity demanded products and services from the equivalent of 14.1 billion global hectares.
• Excel file
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 23 of 53
Available in: http://www.footprintnetwork.org
Energy Management
Ecological Footprint
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 24 of 53
Available in: http://www.footprintnetwork.org