Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection 1951 Energy levels in medium weight nuclei from the (p, n) reaction. Lovington, Joseph Arthur Massachusetts Institute of Technology http://hdl.handle.net/10945/14147
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive
Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection
1951
Energy levels in medium weight nuclei from the (p,
n) reaction.
Lovington, Joseph Arthur
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
http://hdl.handle.net/10945/14147
a s School
Monterey, California
n
lb ,
,
(itlil
mm of
TSOnfOZAOT
• 4 •
Energy Levels I .. uion
By Joseph /.rthur Lovington
**ics lathe Department of rhysles on -taty 15, 1951
The neutron yields from the react (p»«) end
Cr (p,n) were Investigated tt*i&| &onoenergatic protons
from the ISttMlff1 1 •! Generator, VM target isotopes were
obtained In m tional Labo*
rstory and evaporated onto tantalum backings to form thin
targets of known thickness. flt>ill< M and Instru-
ments were used Lfl ftiM and counting of the neutron
yield. Plots of the neutron yield as a function of proton
energy ihom numerous resonances which are considered to in-
dicate the existence of wi&Tp,y levels in Mm compound nu-
olei MM and War** The spacing of these levels is quite
Irregular and only average v&iues of the I I be de-
termined. The observed level spacing or the two oompound
nuclei 1 | energies relative to
certain characteristic levels recently described. The tea?*
is observed to have a level tjMMl larger than
the Mn^. This difference in n be qualitatively
accounted for by .-,iostulatint nu.it :l plat; levels whose multi-
plicity is based on quantum of orbi-
tal and intrinsic angular momentum*
jtaa xblmlx BQtSifa BdT
©i»w «©v--.Joe-i #3*0oH BdJ »D*1
-odBj LtnoUaA © • "* &•*!*©*©
rial bob B©i/piiUi»»J ©i»6fl»^ ••©•fliclrU awoiui *o e*e
jnifoe bbb iomm
• ib BI©1\ bo-i
slriw a»on .-r.cc«i auoiBBum *e4a \#*9B»
bawoqaoo Brt# ni bXbtbX tH**"*-
b! al©v©l bbi *< *•*•
«-©*» *J0 COO 'AC 1 Q : J 8 B<i,' ~* B»81BV» X^CO DttB
BBTWBBV
^AX A">\
ii -
51Tiio thr*ahol£ far tfci Mr fjfo*) WMW%l«i it d»ter-
rained to b* 1*406 £ •GO'S 1|* and Tor t&« (***<*,») 2«
^ #00$ 14ev# F*o& tiiase thrtofcold &&«;• :«bllal*#d
aeoaei) of Cr^^ ©ad 3r t the &&&?*«£ td jxt ap#
determined to be IttfHil _ ,00044 etau and 53,955?4 ^
« 00048 smu respectively.
-v»*t6 b :.
M« **m bam **&\ to »*«*Afl »iU ,^lv &<u ^10 ll ••MOB
... ..- —
\m •*•«,•••.•••.., i
*.* .•«•••.•..••.,«• i
»»•••«•••••»•« 3
t« f th« O«a*r&tor *«»•«•••«•»*«.,, 3
ra •«••*•••« ,,...•,»,. 6
, •
,
.••••••••••••••
2. Ft ap&rnt ion . . . * . •«...., ••»••••• f
.,«*••*, . ## 9
Li Q©aar«l • «.•••,••••••,,•••.•,,••,.«,,•»••.•••• 9
2. Yisldfi •., , * 10
3- IfeHMl -ion •«•«••< ••»••»• 11
4* I*ve ;fl .,*...•»•,.».,•••••••••»,•,, 16
5» fttpreilltifcilltf •*••••••••••••••. «•»••••«••• 20
•••••4***...« 23
i. dimtPtX «••*•«•«••• *•••«•#•.,»••«••••«•
3. tfearMMJLAa .•••••••••»••• •*• ••«
HI ...,...« ....,<,,•.••».....»... 30
I
I
I
OK ••••••«
as ...« »• •WeittiMufl? -€
as
MOM .,.. o..
^ ••••• 33
$f aftftsufflnjs %h* ostttroa yUlfl froet (jfeftj reaction*
&s is fuastlos of pWHw sasr-fy, Im'orfflstioa Is osteiasd ooa~
osrnijig tiw threshold of tke rsaotion sn4 the spaslog ®»*
widths or I il«nr*ls of ftSS ooe$;-&uttd aasXsus* ?toj&
tJ^fi thrs«boi6 snsrgy, **• ^^*fi sitJisr or tfcs targsfc nucleus
or nf MM rssl&tsl ausisus my &« osAj---ut*6 t ,-uo
n*s» of *&• ot&sr Is known* HI yield shoes assias
waicii oorrs£»pott<3 to stttv&r lcvals or tac oonpound busIsus*
rr^vious ssywrlitssti aisr sisstro-
stoiic V &s s *ouro« iaoiuAsa IS* uss of vsnsdlutt
s&4 s*&a4iua ss tar&sts fcy Bs&sr &n<3. HowrsXl . ccur-
son by MtaMSt ( i» 48 J s*& ss&ftsassc •-•I
l}» Xhs
jprsssnt inrsflti&&tl©n us*a snrisnso. i»otop*s of onraedun
SI Sit. .-mts os etas? slsflksofts srs is pro-
gMMMN
tttoo; g tbst t!i« level straocur* of s uuolids
Sopped* sp» dl l&s is mid It sv«n«
issfco^ss of jfcrwslM - •£* srs psrtisulorly >*ell-
saite
.. ?: :UT\ J-'. -
'', I ..! "I. .
;/. v'\ : -v.. ! • ''
•
..-:.-.
:<*
..;'
a:o..
2 -
enarcios, oltnou^h not &oour*.tt»ly Ss»o*m prior to thla work
HHT] or M» ooo*lariat or
- 1 -
-— — *
if" ff ii iii k'ii U&klummiimMm
t-i/
Xutlo&t tfca fH roooa mist b*
fcotkor proolool.v* ftd thio onoj>«g]r au*t 1m &&!«-
t«lao6 oaootftBt during tko posv .^rr&tioia*
I SSookoffoXlo? goaoyobor, MP fcteo UNI &o Orooff typo*
fulfill* fc&ooo r*«jttXr«flWK*: . j\nd *i«o of toJU
gan^ratoy «ro Htajuotoljr 6o«exiooo; la fc&o Xltoffofcurs
I ooolysoa ooom ©r tfc* «*****fttor Is uo«& to oofetoay*
tfca ohraoiufe t&r/?*tia oj&o: th* aoufcrosi ylol&o ft*i dot;*otoo"
-ofiao&oiu-•
of tuo gonoro*
tor la ',. c auoloar rooooft&oo ' >LlLm k&« floli
aaaljrslaf ao&aot* ffcii cNvloo ^oy14oo flno ooatrol
•aA oooui-oto %ofi«u?oa«ttt of tho tm 'jowb*
TIlo fr#quoaoy1
uoll of I
is oooouro* oai rolav- I ®mmj '
oooft ©y l * kf* (tt)« $y uooourltig, th« fro-^ueaey of proton
-om-n m*l - mim m W9lvi>\ »
|
. •:..*»
Ml
feM
„4«
Hy eei&g otlm* fee au»<ieure~
neat* ftftfl t&* mum 2 be*:.- :^Iau.ve £t**#»
•ur*. • | IM be»H ti
(e« ft fuuotiori of proton an«r?yr> la eon*t&nt 9 lntfoduo«» im
error or i. over tite reag*
or enerisi** ••• iiiir*etigatl«w *fhe fre^tuJMy of
MMMMMM ean oe oeeeureg to I >0 Nhlftfe I
lutlon i« (
1*38 t&ea j| a$ 0f» . &*i*iainfi elit«
iatrodue* im energy ifft I&nft
•MAN i | hie*
tery or Nm ge—ftef s!;£*»e %m% * -:>th
"Ay btt eaglet*' '.. --'tad
befor* a»4 efter
eat* tftst Uil« variation will a&u*« *fi i £*•*
-
jaroduoiWLHty » la
C&epter HKt
proton *a*r&F t&* &;>ov* aaeertfei;*tle* imp h- .. . to
ijive e r*c . :-u»ura&l*
Ibetore (**&# operator Juaa&etit j » iw] ie
.
; .<-*.*
Ami ncjrifri" iipL:* smM mU a! la»t<it \H%*a*
tftJBtft ft£. i vClft
for r .
width."- ll ft** Pt»
l*t»lr» ttttMft&li^ :. to
b* U
ifeS JMHftroB. y - - - - . ; . i.,^
as ««<• • ft M fJfcaa
t£»« e*Mfct» m*i M tl*f«tfl * (Mil WliUfiltftm
Th* *$| . Hi
It* ftXJLd v
pr«Y#M to b« •«. ". 1«5
eouat*:r«d,
la«t«^-
ttv&j tir.
ran* l»i
for **?-.
-..-©..
*51 mm ca*54
)lb* «nrloh?a ahroaiaw tao&opa* .
Al
I
QU
III
f.
n
Ml
••;• ;
• .•
.. , .
'••-:.,
-
•
o.aa
0.04* 0*04"
0,01
-
t*U 0.13
0.04 ¥
y.04"
. nit-:^.:
* :.-.<>. :- L ..::. 11: J. - ..." £<?: • ' ^, : u';
G»tria«XfcM*lU«« eth«r Urns t:,o»* li*t«£ w#r* »©fc
i Sf it
•
7 -
Of th« quantities .--lie at to i*ff«at ttie
present ON
Beetiu&e the iaotopeo were oariobcd r. I eon*
pletaly seperetedt tiielr &&a» spMlroeoo^ie *Aelye#e are
importsnt« Itoeae were provided by QRNL aafi sr« eaowa la
Toole m~2*
50
51
or51
ohmar.se?
v \ n
4. i»ij
-1.
.-.- .''< - -
•fi 9.26 no
9.55 V .06 >.
t»ii 0*4.65
T&ole III*
2t frffMfffifc*flftt
T&e Or.^D^ **e 1 . txi booking by
aaird Aeeoeietee of I , ii&eeaoousetta* Their experi-
enee tfltftl other eloaeata* pertloulevly jaefieeaese* aa&blad
thews to provide targets Ml -oknees with 1 y^ry
good eoourEoy on Mm Icoee* «me rortu-
note bae&use the @o ;r, I whs limited*
•fi Mr^' tar&et U»5 Mm I Or7 * t&rgete (1«$
end 2*5 £ev thiok) (ret* Chapter IV 1 were u-
. v -
-moo null n4m 6«iieJt«a» •*•* a*.
•** ••txlj&oji oi*ooao*$oa<{« orw.1 xto.iv lalq
. — *Jt
-lioqx* fit lOawU to
i«xd:«id tmn^iiti \i**a>oi*a*q ••*«***X* *«rf*0 u.J.,, •OAO
/;• ».<U tftUftOotf •*»«
-•O »4* *©1 AMtf M lOdO .!•!
u&&6 to ittawti 3»#
and Wt§/0U
4«ar«&£.e in yi&l<*»
Gfl6 under »tro-f.*& be*
ffci ttta<ioii frf Mm &4N If cXl
*nriokad Mtm Inli
gl&38 '
th« or T4olbla»
Tantalum we a ueed Ml
6uoea « n«*.ilgible cwouat (if
foaatarded I
• our
eourea* i were
yields ©bs ;voi laved to co
unber or the gener
ttla shade** eene is v
counter ti
and floor of the chamber room.
-
«-4«v« art* nl »i*e iijxeMi* ba-
;
tfoJtw
,
. .--..--• , . . .j „~>~ri. ,
| | Mpmfc I il fcfef %Cr-C p: 1 id ;•*• :^;.i«r 3 »j1v
turn ****** ar.ft. .
iiJ«©iboi J*&1 •?<
.01001 ledmsrto adi to looll one
h S*flffT».}»
a.ad CjK 1
1
tea «fM»rgi*ft o/ l*4i to l«4f ., , -aye /ialds
**ra Included I tfts
o>* if '.
. . tg wer«
©o»v«sr
tli« ! IjM aon-I
aoales ere re/. ttftf&IOfe
la exp^risents .
:
:. ik#
*&« wi
proton ana;. M o&s*
will sore i..
be nla**d» Ml 1/4 or t
aMlsaua ar* dtftif
Mftfe {1««S« MMV|
f&oior &oat iiu3o ..
* Hi KH. Ml MM
- «-. r> l
tram
10 MVM|%«44^« »I
t
i mm.:<-•• mi
10
the feitttl . MMWii be received. Nmmv
et el (Fl; . Mf#»
nenta of ob"
I
••tinted fin*..* i ion Mm | the
yield Mia quite «a&ll, am mi~defined
peek*, it apeered ree«em»l»le to v. - ;y In
steps cf iioout 1.5 KM] (5 WM la MWgMMtf/)* AMM1 2*4
n&noee MMMM NMtf defined* the yield wee invv
i
• -toed
about | fcuMt as auoh yield M --"iott
btlow /•... 999 better JlftHiHi DM
tHr* ter&et was IftSMMt MM* Im tt**% MK* I I the
level wltU out
N ueed. :
. equi-
valent fMM&tttiMl mm U5 mW Bttr I - : end
MM | "ev Inve.
-,
-ion MMMJ0
peered in tfee Ml t>ett©r resolved
mi*
-
btvloce? i^JJotf don Ja»««*4 **•« •<
In the tarl+frwil 19**9
J9M6QOI (|»| in UM m * £Uj,t«rlK3L« Fig*
ur« iv-I ia I
ttfimturemia if Um iffml or I in
:h*& or wut tmAnu 9$
{*\pproxLiB£tt*ly X/9) of llr ylelt. 9V«
s» 41d oslow tfcli eoergy, 1/9 of t&© yield of l |W
wis aubtr*iOt*fi f HM*oiable iiwiHi I a« {i*tt* M **r«
•lie. * ouyve ware not tjd#
ounrea of «jp-
pe-a&lx B»
UMltf rr©« tb« ttiin
tor&ei d&ta (t,, -• ;v» ... thicker
nrj wets 9*t
.,?% IY-2» a plot of I i;fee
UHNM : Mmj i
It is ci. .,;&*
at valu# | .a©
3
*R>. jt (p f ») urns le«o well-da rijied,
,<# lower proton eat) M low fceosauee
or the eoulcu&b Barrier {t f xtin
•'
V .' I -
- 12 -
PtgMT* IT-1
TImi aario&ad Cr-^ eurva flbawt | mi .
yield fror> I '!>alow
oo
oCO
o(X) o
o
(SlMOnnOOr// SlNflOO ) Q13IA NOUlfGN
m 14 *
WifeJi
20 K.VT !/,F^JT
':
70|
I | l | l | l
1
60 n 54 .. 54 /Cr (p,n) Mn /
m THRESHOLD MEASUREMENT /
5o WITH 6
_i
O 50o
-20 KEV TARGET /
-
CO
1 40o
- -
Q_lLU
>: 30 -o /
ff o
-
NEUTRON
O - -
10-
BACKGROUND
-
~~~i \~~V~ 1 i 1 i 1 , 1
2.190 2.210
PROTON ENERGY (MEV)
2.230
16 -
51j get mi«
of Gtr * w "3 sJtiows the re-
sults _ .308
l.**v. ?ts larger it sta-
tistlet.
am se«m SI -.umtss of the »•;;
AlstributJ.,
.-sales Is -' i il
practical fc# m
levels. Spuslags as avsrsgsd ov^r dift-rI
rsagss ar® aftowa ii "-1.
lrf^3lP.a)m
53
SiMiTsjr
40!•420-1. 620 mv 5.0 i
Mil i#wi 31 4.?
4.6
s#MiI»sJl 6? M1.420-2.470 "otsl (Uf
2.202-2.470 51 (1.5 tt* tftl 5.1
4?0
Tsfcle IV-1
7.0
-*ri »dJ mwaOm C .tarsal; o«X» liv f **0 'to *•&*$
-*t» l#*oaq mM lo ••uaooo' 6oo&lM£ al iorx» «»3?oX •
ei #X •Arxollrn *oa tl uUoq inflate* »44 to ik
X3iecL» td* lo aaloiqa sn-rt&n xXflO 7»6Jtaaoo ow X#tl*Nfl|
XS«M» flOJo-Jtq Jaai»ll 16 isto teKWri ft« OftlilooqB .*Xt'V#i
mt-T: »XrfaT t>l rwciia «ta oeyuHt
•1Xo**X\y#* o.e
V.4 o?e.i
t*4 CO
t«t td
?.<l la* 0?«l.
IA Uoa 0T4.
o.v (*•*!»* Tt 0?A«S-£08»fi
- IV
">1
Or51
;.
Cr (p,n) MnTHRESHOLD MEASURMENT
WITH20KEV TARGET
O.I-
__ —®-
BACKGROUND WITH
BARE TANTALUM TARGET
J_ _L ±1.390 1.400 1.410 1.420
PROTON ENERGY (MEV)
1.430
- 19
of the levels are poorly deJ . arsntly
overlap so that they 14* level, the
•vera&iaft prooe*& tanas to miaiiai&e these uncertainties.
1/2 mxtmrn ere often
distorted by Mm fjrlaffrlMg •* •&• isvalSo To properly
see sox'e widths , isolated resonant '. he used* Qf
that the natural nuclear rssoaenss asm be ssuah
the %stf| the nor*
rawest peska sen he considered s n*aaur< 'Ids-
seas (FI)« H this m fei he
1.5 nev, for the Ur** 1«5 sua S»J *:ev» :;he effect or tar-
get thickness mi observed i&vel s, • If shown
54by the comparison ox yisldj fs rent
thickness target & (a open.I
that ap-
peared asysasstr ;"
:
«sr*
get.
It may he pointed oat that if a v l distri-
bution of levels is assuoad with average spacing Da three
condition* my exist* < > .«hara
W is the reeolu'. • instrument „ ¥ha observed level
•peeing for the three MM ill be (1 * -
(?,' ^ Be Unatame ti .'" Is elMH *»l iff
is *. 300 ev (Seotlon conclude :^ion
O) exists •.cirveda
SI
Xi3n«iL*i-ji Kitmjv bam bosil'U^b ;f iooq r.o ftlowl mAt lo •«•&
•rt? »X9V0l ebtn i&iitMi mm •• i»4Ki<;o \mA$ *md$ mm ^Xtrrc
•••IJalASxaotw mmmdS mtlalalm o* rnbarni e*oooi<t %*li tti»ra
amrto e-xo mwIim SV j» oXov»I od* lo Odttiw M»
lI*«qo*i oT .»I*voI 04* to a«2«ol*o*0 »dJ vo* &»*?cJol&
XS .Usui Mi JOiia liMq inafiowi OeJftXotx ,«/tt»lw Ofimooa
xloua od noo ooixaflooaa vooXoaa iovirtttO oxtf JmU iialfluwoo
~**a »uJ lo o/ttolw e.u n mmmiaimlA$ #t>»l*J •.« ttodi ***/ot<xj*i
-rfox.u ****** to ouroooa a ootooioooo oo* «oo oaUof *oow»«
*rf oj doobriMioii oow »1a1J *og«o* MM-1M* 10 JOfttlO 0*1 * Ml .V
ONOlU \lwlQ mi ricloeqe Xo*0i *>*Vz»otfO HO oooo gj ..; Js»a
*o»<xoYU*> o,^ mU iol *l>Xei\ no mU 1© imIihini mI* TO*
-q* Joti* ul*oq oOAMlotoft .ia xx^c.::.v t ) •^•snut ©oooioid*
n • 11 *«itt Jwo Mtialoq mj \mi tt
••i-W «a aniooqo •s«lOT» d*lw om^uhikb ox AleYftX lo nolJwd
•aorifc- < : it) -v » a ( > .mix* \on oaoiJxbMO
X&Y»i OonooOo oaT •#aoojrt*ool o/tf lo aoxiiiloso? mdJ ml W
«s - aaoXJx&aoo oovlJ od* iol mmlmmqm
It. OO OOOOtoaOT »
aoxJlftaoo .: i-u oboXMtoo v** ow *<S-ii ooltooe) » OOC , ol
•ooriootfo nolMl »ia gni»»qa XoyoX Xo»#o, io it)
...» &o»t» afcllity to
reproduce dota Is ii MM allgjamant at
•quiiMutnt arid fceouruoy rit
portion© of Mm ficll Mtt*tf otloaele
and «»p«oieIly &ft«r u cl.I -?:ur©
IV»4 a&owa ao&e r«s«re«eftt«tiY« obeefc* . disora-
p&noy ii©4«
I!ow«v«r v Ui& yr- c mora ta-
port&nt quttti'iity >0U a?)
is tfitfcl* MM Ml .ui«rntor {r®r.
MMtiMI X>^1.
H _. \..:.\ |: ; u 3 .. :iJ--m'.c -.':. L33JM ft* ftj ftttf Nft| M
•*»*l\ aPMlUM •*# lo awoaWftrfa £ *ftiV
-tiae'5 M'* ***** *ate. ta**i«*? am «*»*K
,Hm rafjpr» ;1JL; *et *•» I **•*« to bimlx ml HMf
**>** 3nnMi)*£<j**i>
21
ttguv* T9*k
.•iri«h*d cr* 1 target
;3*le*i*a GT55 target
. i target
> t>ar&<st» rroton
1)«
>X.
0)
oIT
<
OQOcr
m m mfr <J) (T> <J>
a
*r GD CD CD° UJ LJ UJU_U_ U. X
X__
- Q-CLQ.QC cvj = -zLU O x D
U
1
*3
1 1 Y 1
—
oCM
if)
o
_cn ~
O oo <£> *fr C\J
(qaiO|nooTl/ sjunoo) piajA U0J|nafsj
- 23 -
....
; t Gaaeral,
Currant t?iaorla£ If fcaa atruature of Uai
are in a m utata of dsvalopaaist tod tioGirio:.
He*arar f ilia gaaarally fti§»l<W tMMj all Include oar-
taia aaraaoa fuao;a&aataI&, Uiaaa ara:
(a) That la a auolaar ra&otioa fa oo»*
pound auolaua ia fansae* MtMl ore^k-up la 1
tna no4« of torMfctlMi (B), WkU
(b) au-
olaua daorattsa (aacpoaaatlalX/} in aver^ga aj •- tn-
•*a*alag exaitatioa aaa«
(o|
aa
{ alor. ]
mut na&aas,
bold aaarfgiaa oaa &a oofr..
•asl«»aaplrloal MUM I
2t Lavai '•^ofqjto
It Mil MMB notm I v#la
will ba iiMHMt i'arant auoiai d«pe<v
th« aumaar or aautro
Rowraver, Hurwlt;. I taaaa
Jtoloiio ol«o*a to otuJouiJo a;; J lo a«l?ooxM *oo*t»0
•xiolfsolllooa Oji* JohdojoIovoo lo oieJi aaliffiiJnoo • at eia
-to© •i»o£oci XiA ftorfoooiqqo oo#o.oooa ^Iloioao* ©dJ ,*©y©woH
ft* ©caiJ aMMU ••loJaoaofcUJl hwwbi ol»*
-ooo d ( ) flOlJoao* i.eloiJi* a oi #otfT (a)
lo Jrt©/H*o.;©lml ai. qu-lfieid Mod* oomol ©2 ©^©Ioikj hnuoq
| aclSmiol lo OOO* ©4*
-no a BMUm Jfilx© *©** ©I©?©! X9*o*j© o4J JoiiT id)
2 &oi©/*i© •&***• fll (\XiAlJaoii0qJGO) immhA ©nolo
Jiox© »alitA0t»
©CfcUdxOfti. ool« fyaiOAq© !©*©I xs?©*** «*J ****? lo)
*ol«)
-OAld* uoWoa©* 5a* *fci,yu*.. , Ml« *a©I©*K
od* Aotl \X©4a*»ooa il?**l ootitqaM od mm ool*«o*
; ©Xottiol **©* Ino I iXqia©-JU©a
•loTtil \«%o«o lo golow;
«ad*odv no gaioaoqoo UXoufl fan**) ofiolllft t
»y© so ooo g! ©jsoJoiq on a aooTJooo lo i»d* :
OttOXlJ »*UJLO« OTA* [Ml) Od*©* no© Ulwum t lfrfO«roH
- idfc
fXuotu&tione era difficult to oaae oaa
tt« level spacing at wtoitatioxi anergic a wfcioii &re Utsed on
the ground atfcttttf, I au&geeted instead ttoet t&e
excitation energy be mea&ured fro© & onaraeteristic lav©!
whion de^ada is a efeootn way on tn* number of jsrotona uu&
neutrons In fetot nucleus, .4oh a XeveX Slight oe the
neutron binding energy as from the sejftl-enplrieal
oaes formula sitJ '.van tersu Hurwits MM MHfurther indicate tnet tfct XeveX spacing measured ©t equal
anergics relative to these levels would be expected to b©
the seiaa regerdXsss of the && yti> of tfcg number
of neutrons*
~1 la as energy level die -i.ng those
characteristic levels ( -.Lei
tia7* and HH « energy r&a$aa
investigated in this as. mm naar
these levels, neaee a ianpsjrj a level siloings
would ba expected to jr&tK 1 aaaa fro®
tabXe IV-1 the ratio act;. , tar-
gat data in ttot vlei -.
tha
sXi&htly larger spacing. The agreeisent of tftfi«£j| of the
combated Mlilng ener&lec.
v-x
0#^^^H
toXooi hmm pti
-*** J *Ol l.A
•ill aaZTad ^a ilJhf ,ii iMi» J aloft *•»
•4* lo fU*#?*o 1© taonooi&ft 04T ^-/O.-^fi *otw
figure *•!
ar**§ or54
, ;*i54
*ad
last protu ,f Indioatsd nuol«tusea ooi M smss .formula without oda-«T«n tarir..
/ iaalofetos $1 dapreasio/i ofground ©iirta tzoxi th«a« lavtla*
In fcfela a*B&tohad &r©& li r&a^o iuvaal&i-Villi
M
i4ii
En
F-Th
Cr" tptn
En
S E T n
___, A
Mn-'.n
L_12 3 4I I I I
MEV.
ENERGY LEVEL DIAGRAM OF Cr" , Cr54
, Mn 54, AND Mn 55
:n * 6 ffcf ••:n55
I MtV 10,1$ Miff
& I CP^ 9»3
Presto© (ft) has point. oesftrrlng ^outran
energy level ftfftftls Iplet levels should
be eoaslftsrec. gfet multiple. :.f-
ferorit J" value® v&lfti ami oe«-»
blastions of Hmj AiffW I • oartdts.1 and
Intrinsic tmipltff MMMfti i a target
neuol^ua .« Willi
^ » 0, 1
Iflp^i Ml
.
I us
5; for iin even ::-o<icL 1 U '
t % ^ 1/2; It
H«moe» other things b*ia& fttjislt .avel ap&oing
of toe former I U&»
It &p$mr3 to b Lftt levels to
overlap ia auolj a M in-
Atfttlfttfttlftftftftle others* jftasifls*
stion would •« -jvel spacing
being greater then unity. It in dltff
Mat* bssftusft tbft itttf
oultiplftt group can be expected I
btriffrto HfatoOH
X-V 914BT
ao%tif& aoXrxaaac o aaftiioq aad '•- ) noli
ftluoria aXaraX *aX$X*£uai lo aanaJaXxa a*W sniouga Xaral i*iaoa
-1XJ> *:U v,d fcaaXaI<jxa *4 r:-o a*aX«X*Xjia a/fl •aa*aMaaoa atf
-j»o Xaoioadaaa wsnatfp ao* ao«t aeiia deJiSw aajiXor I fcaial
6r-> XaJi
*a$ia* «aXaXJi*i £aX&ia4Ao<j ad* *c 0*00*001 20X0300 ©*&•'•
xUXw aac#o«q 3aXdta4iio4 ic
aqoJoaX >uo S two X < V
aa *«ai& a a ad x*
> o* ?oa 7 - ii»vo aa «
iialoaqc XavaX lo oX**i ©ilJ- ,Xeupa *oJaa a»oX4* •xeiMu ,aono>i
•d»i 4* «1 *a»
oj aXavaX laX^HXiat aaa4* *ol aXaZoooq aa o* ataatqa #1
-ni aX <iuoi& *» * i6i,a a 2 qoXiava
-^ab iJloa aXOT •avoitta ad# ocY) aXO«dali»
jAieaqa XaraX lo oXJa* 6or?aado tJ 10I foaoooo aXoov M-**oj> awoft *d a* HualllXb aX /I •x*Xo*r a*rf* i? J***a laXotf
a ': 1 aauooad ovllnJU
aaXatf a taf a* aaloaqsa aa aao .'.jjo«x»> JalqUIioi
of auon low Intensity thi . .
ground.
Baaauaa of the ia»sa>»*&arcy oonaarvation in a auolaur
rotootioa, tiits Hill, ijiytirfl awl aae»e fornula (12) easEty bo uasd
to *aloul&l® tns .; onorjur vmiuo of a rotation. Tna thro«->
hold energy is than raaeUly datar&dnad from t&© q aaargjr*
Tablo V-2 1* a oosiparisen Of the eo&putaA fcaraanold anor-
gios witn tnono maaaurM in tiiia WMfet and provides & onaok
on tna oecuraoy of the mmM &SMs3a«
SaflftfaR.. -sail £ta t'w.fyffl
Taal*
.54/The Brideat MT ar (p,nj in whion onleu-
lotion tna odd»avsn ••••loo.
flsals tera is &aro« Ko*over* *aan ona oon~
aiders tnat 1 ?£ev •* •001074 I- A is not
atriking*
%y TftfflMf
If the saaas of the target nucleus ia ta iaaas
of tha reai&ual nucleus oan be determined fron tue tnraa-
aMffiff of i (ft*] r«aotion#
li iant to
T«*xoiiii » at
:»M*
»aoUo**i (i .•.' • lo xmw bio*
.'.- (01) &&_
Cr53 »
cr54
GMflg
m
MM - rttt
^(54) ~**M$ * .005 ft* * *
It la d©W
53
• '30 -
Al AOajsyugn, . ., .'.., . 1950
32 S&kar, . .I-, et til, P8 £i,
B3 Brtfeft, .. », jlflffflfff*^ ffuajjeag Theoyj . Iley, 1947
B4 tt*t*f • • IGIATRa&otloaa, • . . f wN« '. » so) .., >rt 42
•
of .-leotv -ill, 1949
K&tff, . «
El Hsra&au, . .
.-.
. 5. ..
yl)
-•.« .
I **)
-
tftfttn
pi
'rojeet H m&m
31 Suliiv ;ciea
32 3obo«a?6ld, ,. « • !•» ::#3»
Tfc*i5iB, 1951
wi *Wb*4 , if •»
,
1999
MT, ..... ." ]fe 99 (1949)
[frfimrt
wa» apo&ttdr«a by
*d*
n&no«» r-epsrteant or tfci . Ml ju«relu
M il - Ulftldlag
Project of bttt • olenea und $&s1imm»»«»
lngt il 1& *po&«f»P4Hi ©y the auiwm of
: 9.^8 %& mpr*&» hi* ©p- to
huftamt tlMH -oo>a w&o, &$ tho^is advlaor a e*kT« la*
v&luaoie gviftMfcM to t&l* isork, I i
gar* no freely of fclfl ti&e &ad edvloe l . ..jaritsaa-
I
Mill
the MtoltJ tfcoory, &*id I or*w
for tfttftll ili ...
.
a «xp«riiaikiit»
If: . ::.:. .
- n
ttaloa otherwise lndlftete-.'
Is lass then tii«
dietseter of the olirol^a*
2.0-
8Oo
1.5 -L
NEUTRON YIELD FROM Cr 53 (p,n) Mn 53
PROTON ENERGY « 1.420 -1.620 MEV.
1.400 1450 1.500
PROTON ENERGY - MEV.
- MEV.
NEUTRON YIELD FROM Cr 53 (p,n) Mn 53
PROTON ENERGY 1.620 - 1.870 MEV.
PROTON ENERGY - MEV.
850
RGY - MEV.
Lb1.870
NEUTRON YIELD from Cr 53 (p,n) Mn 53
PROTON ENERGY 1.870 -2.160 MEV.
i i "t i i r rBACKGROUND ,
i r — —i \ _L
1.900 1.950 2.000
PROTON ENERGY - MEV.
2.050 2.100 2.150
- MEV.
L
NEUTRON YIELD from Cr 53 (p,n)Mn 53
PROTON ENERGY 2.160 -2.470 MEV.
_=t—— -1-—t--BACKGROUND
60
40—50
^--t-h-2160 2200 2.250 2.300
PROTON ENERGY -MEV.
_± 1—
T
•i r T"T--1 11 T I I L
2.350 2.400 £450
?rotmx s&trs/t **. 190-2. 4?Q :.:«v#
->5 iWf t&rgtt
(3) 1.5 Ri9 target
;4e error la less I
circles.
60-
50— NEUTRON YIELD FROM Cr 54(p,n) Mn 54
PROTON ENERGY = 2.190 -2.470 MEV
'2.200 2.250 2.300
PROTON ENERGY - MEV.
2.350 2400 2.450
ENERGY - MEV.
E
^30Oo
§20ooQ_JLd>= 10
Ocr
Z>
2200
NEUTRON YIELD FROM Cr 54 (p,n)Mn
PROTON ENERGY = 2.200 -2.470 Mev
TARGET THICKNESS ~ 1.5 Kev
54
2 250 2.300PROTON ENERGY-
2.350ENERGY-Mev.
2400 2.450
JUL 2FE 657
BIUPCRY£4678
I] Lovington15640Thesis
L853
Energy levels ia medium weightnuclei from the (p,n) reaction. *
Library
U. S. Naval Postgraduate SchoolMonterey, California
Related Documents
