Energy Analytics Project

US Government Agency Energy

Conservation Initiative

General Service Administration (GSA)

Key PartnersWho we are:

• GSA • Mandate: 30% energy

conservation load• Increase energy

efficiency of building • Peak reduction with

battery & Demand Response with utilities

• Key partners:• Battery owners:

Government Building• Battery Operators: AF

Menza – Supplier • GSA mandate

Which key resources are we acquiring from partners:

• Energy storage capacity via battery systems

• Operations by AF Menza• Building’s electrical system & backend: DM response research

Which key activities do partners perform:

• Operate battery at maximum efficiency

• AF Menza provide battery, run business operations & battery

maintenance• Demand response plan & management with building

Load Duration Curve

9 459 909 135918092259270931593609405945094959540958596309675972097659810985590

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Load Curve

01/01 09:00:00 03/08 09:00:00 05/13 09:00:00 07/18 09:00:00 09/22 09:00:00 11/27 09:00:000

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Load Curve 6.22

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Load Curve 6.27 – 06.28

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Load Curve 6.30

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Load Curve 7.25

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Load Curve 8.17

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Load Curve 9.07

05/01 03:00:00 05/19 03:00:00 06/06 03:00:00 06/24 03:00:00 07/12 03:00:00 07/30 03:00:00 08/17 03:00:000

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Load Curve May+June+July+August

Load Curve January

01/01 01:00:00 01/06 07:00:00 01/11 13:00:00 01/16 19:00:00 01/22 01:00:00 01/27 07:00:000

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January-14 February-14 March-14 April-14 May-14 June-14 July-14 August-14 September-14

October-14 November-14 December-14

Monthly Temp vs. CDD & HDD

Av Temp HDD CDD

• Month average temperature rises

from around 30 F in January to a peak

average in mid 70s by July-August

• Heating Degree Days is maximum, around

1100 for month, in January after

trending higher from around 200 in

October• Cooling Degree Days

reaches a peak of around 400 by July

and is relatively significant in May to

September period

Monthly Temp• CDD is on RHS &

Usage in LHS• CDD picks up in June

and intensifies in July-August and back

to lows by October. Cooling usage

mirrors the pick up in CDD. Weekly

periodicity seen in Cooling usage

• Fans usage also shows a similar

increase as Cooling but there is a

minimum usage through the year

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1/1/2014 2/1/2014 3/1/2014 4/1/2014 5/1/2014 6/1/2014 7/1/2014 8/1/2014 9/1/2014 10/1/2014 11/1/2014 12/1/2014

Cooling Degree Days

Fans:Ele Cool:Ele CDD

Monthly Temp• HDD is on RHS &

Usage in LHS• Heating Degree Days

are significant in January to March at

beginning of year and pick up in

November-December at end of the year

• Consistent with HDD, Gas usage for Heat

also increases during the first quarter and

last two months of year.

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1/1/2014 2/1/2014 3/1/2014 4/1/2014 5/1/2014 6/1/2014 7/1/2014 8/1/2014 9/1/2014 10/1/2014 11/1/2014 12/1/2014

Heating Degree Days

Heat:Gas HDD

Conclusion• Government Office Building

Conclusion• Value Proposition

• Installation of Battery to shave 100kW of Peak for 4 hours.

• Demand Response to reduce cooling AC load by 30% and

increase use of fans by 30%.• Demand Response to turn

down lighting usage from 80kWh to 70kWh

• Energy Savings• 251 working days for 2014

• 100kW of Peak Shaving per day

• $0.1732 kWh cost• Total saving of $4347.32/year

Total Electric Usage 881742.4943 kWTotal Electric Saving via cooling DR -19296.60648 kWTotal Electric Saving via lighting -27108 kWNew Electric Usage 835337.8878 kWReduction % 5.262829769%

Total cost saving 4695.1056 $

Energy Savings Economics: Demand Response

• Battery - $4347.47• DR - $4695.11

• Total – $9042.58

• Battery can be made to bid into capacity market for other hours

• Battery can be entered into frequency market

Key ActivitiesWhat key activities do our value

proposition require:• Sell management and operation of

battery storage technology• Battery reduces peak

• DM response energy conservation• Efficiency and cost savings

• Manage relationships • Review data analytics

Key resources our value proposition require:

• Access to funding through government grants

Distribution channels:• Direct contact with building management to install energy

efficiency mandate

Customer relations:• Constant communication

• Explanation of DM and battery system benefits

• Knowledge sharing & Accessibility

Revenue streams:• Peak shaving via battery

• Demand response by cycling AC and lighting load

Value proposition• The General Services Administration (www.gsa.gov) delivers value

to our stakeholders (i.e. tenants and ultimately the taxpayers) via using the most cost-effective methods to design, build, and

manage the U.S. Government’s real estate portfolio. • In the last several years, we have worked with the U.S. Department

of Energy in developing SEED: Standard Energy Efficiency Data platform, which can monitor our portfolio of buildings efficiency.

• In 2009, as part of the American Recovery and Investment Act, President Obama mandated that all government buildings improve

all U.S. Government Buildings efficiency by 30% by 2015• Therefore GSA is mandated to use all logical resources possible to

grow efficiency in each of every building we manage

Our Value Proposition is a 30% savings in Energy Spend for this Building

Customer relationshipOur customer:

• Government office buildingRelationship:

• Building mgmt operating dr • Operator of battery

Relationship Management• Personal relationship with our

customers rather than a self-service• Whats problem and how to fix it

• All in this together• Human interaction relationships make customers feel more valued

• Avoid frustration & solve problems

During the sales process:• Contact with a real customer-sales

representative• Call center & e-mail.

• Survival in the long run with profitable customer

After the sale is completed:• Contact and feedback

• Focus on customer satisfaction• Execute improvements

Customer segments• Service many diff types

Military, research, it data center

• Office building customer segments • Unique specific energy demands

• Different levels of service given size• Teach customers essentials and give necessary tools.

• Building an automated service customers can choose their preferences (ex: Amazon.com).

Cost structureGOVT BUILDING BATTERY INSTALL PAYBACK ANALYSIS ASSUMPTIONS Assumption Results

SCE KWh Price $0.176 0.185 881,742 Annual KWh Usage

SCE Annual Price Escalation 5.0% 73,479 Monthly KWh Usage PV System Size in KWh 10,000 $12,932 Monthly Bill KWh Monthly Generation 833 $155,184 Annual Bill Installed Cost per KW - DC $5,030 $0.176Price per KWh KW-DC 6.20 Inverter Conversion Factor 0.94 KW-AC (CEC AC Rating) 5.83 Net Cash Outlay $15,499 System Cost $31,188 Payback Period 8 30% Federal Tax Credit ($9,357) IRR 15.5% $1.10 Watt CA Rebate ($6,333) Year 0 Cash Outflow $15,499 Installed Cost per KW - AC $5,347 CASH FLOW ENGINE Year 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10Kwh 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 Degradatation Factor 1.000 1.000 0.997 0.994 0.991 0.988 0.985 0.982 0.979 0.976

kWh Produced after Degradation 10,000 10,000 9,970 9,940 9,911 9,880 9,851 9,821 9,792 9,763 Cost per Kwh $0.176 $0.185 $0.194 $0.204 $0.214 $0.225 $0.236 $0.248 $0.260 $0.273Electricity Savings $1,763 $1,851 $1,938 $2,029 $2,124 $2,223 $2,327 $2,436 $2,551 $2,670 Cost of System ($15,499) Total Annual Cash Flow ($15,499) $1,763 $1,851 $1,938 $2,029 $2,124 $2,223 $2,327 $2,436 $2,551 $2,670 Cummulative Cash Flow ($15,499) ($13,736) ($11,885) ($9,947) ($7,918) ($5,794) ($3,571) ($1,244) $1,192 $3,743 $6,413 Payback - Years 8 8 9 10

IRR 15.5% DEGRADATON MATRIX Degradation Factor 1.000 1.000 0.997 0.994 0.991 0.988 0.985 0.982 0.979 0.976 Kwh Produced 11,625 11,625 11,590 11,555 11,521 11,485 11,452 11,417 11,383 11,349 Kwh - New 11,625 11,625 11,625 11,625 11,625 11,625 11,625 11,625 11,625 11,625 Degradation per Year 0.30% 0.30% 0.29% 0.31% 0.28% 0.30% 0.29% 0.29%

Revenue stream• Our customers, other U.S. Government Agencies, have the

same motivation to reduce building energy costs, and are willing to seek commercially viable solutions

• Costs are $15,499 in year 0. Our Battery Analysis Demonstrates an 8 year payback, very acceptable to the U.S.

Govt’s more long-term oriented nature. Total annual savings is $4347

• Our demand response initiatives demonstrate a 5.3% electric usage savings, at a cost savings of $4695.

Load Duration Curve

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Electricity use across all types are significant predominantly between 8 am and 5 pm For a particular hour, say 11 am, there is a periodicity by day – i.e. there are very low usage for 2 days after every 5

days During the hours of 9 am to 5 pm there seems to be two distinct periods during the year (early June and early

September) when usage becomes higher than at other days in the year at the same time.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

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Jan 1

Hour of Date/Time [2014]

40.0 357.9Electricity:Facility (kW)..

Heatmap I:

Electricity use for lighting also shows significant usage predominantly between 8 am and 5 pm Similar to total usage, there is a periodicity by day – i.e. there are very low usage for 2 days after every 5 days During two months (July and August) there is a significantly lower usage. However, the usage at a given hour is

same through the rest of year apart from July and August.

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15.86 80.53

InteriorLights:Electricit..

Heatmap II:

Electricity use for equipment also shows significant usage predominantly between 8 am and 5 pm There is a periodicity by day – i.e. there are very low usage for 2 days after every 5 days During two months (July and August) there is a significantly lower usage The equipment usage starts at 8 am from mid March to October & at 9 am from November to mid March

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22.03 79.09

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Heatmap III:

Electricity use for fans suggests that there is some effort to substitute AC Usage for fan typically peaks around 3 pm in the afternoon & has the highest in

early Sep

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0.00 29.00Fans:Electricity (kW)(H..

Heatmap IV:

Electricity use for cooling peaks in July – September during the year During the day usage for cooling is clustered from 12 pm to 5 pm Peak usage for cooling to fans is about 6X suggesting potential for energy savings from more fan

usage

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0.0 171.0Cooling:Electricity (kW..

Heatmap V:

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Load Curve


9 405 801 119715931989238527813177357339694365476151575553594963456741713775337929832587210

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Energy Analytics Project

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