Energía solar fotovoltáica: aplicación a bombeo solar

FEBRERO 2009

“ Energía Solar Fotovoltaica: Aplicación a Bombeo Solar”

TIPOS DE PANELES SOLARES

FUNCIONAMIENTO DE UN PANEL SOLAR

“DIODO ELECTRONICA” = VALVULA DE RETENCIÓN

FOTODIODO = “GENERA” ELECTRONES

FUNCIONAMIENTO DE UN PANEL SOLAR

Summer typical day

Winter typical day

6 – 7 PSH (Peak Solar Hour)3 – 3,5 PSH (Peak Solar Hour)

n = 500 olives

2 dripper/olive

2 l/h (dripper)

(1) (499) (500)(n)

Flow>Qmin

Qmin (1) = 500 x 2 x 2 = 2000 l/h

We need more than this flow

To presurize the pipe

To work the dripper

?Howmuchwaterneed every tree

In our case we use 20 l/tree each day

Qmin (2) = 500 x 20 = 10.000 l/day

6 -7 WECANSUPPOSEINFIRSTAPROACHTHATWEONLYHAVE PSHATIRRIGATIONSEASON

Qmin (2) = 10.000 l/day

6,5 PSH/day ≅ 1.540 l/h

WEMUSTSELECTTHEMAXIMUNVALUEOFQmin

Qmin (2) ≅ 1.540 l/h

Qmin (1) = 500 x 2 x 2 = 2000 l/h

Q min= 2000 /l h

We must calculate the loss of pressure. It has three components

(1) Height losses

(2) Pipe losses

(3) Dripper losses

∆ = + ( ) + P H Ploss pipe ∆Dripper

(1) Height losses

H1

H2D

Nivel medio del aguaH1

H2D

Nivel medio del agua

H1 10H2 0

H1

H2D

Nivel medio del agua

(2) Pipe losses

Lenght int diameter speed m.c.a.(m) (mm) (m/s) tramo10 30 0,90 0,34

Exact value

Lenght % loss mca10 3 0,3

Estimated value

(3) Dripper losses

In the best one of the case, we need more than 5 mca

WE USUALLY USE 15 mca

∆ = + ( ) + P H Ploss pipe ∆Dripper

∆ = 10 + 0,3 + 15 = 26,3 P mca

300 W de potencia nominal (Wp)

During PSH we get 2000 l/h of SQflex

∫f(x)=PSH x 2000 l/h

Maximal Power Point

The PV panel increase its power with Solar Radiation

Tª = 25∫

I = 1000 W/m2

The PV Voltage increase if cell Tª decrease

The PV Voltage decrease if cell Tª increase

30 Vcc 300 VccMinimun Voltage of Sqflex Converter Minimun Voltage of Sqflex Converter

Irradiancia media diaria mensual según la inclinación (kJ/m2)

7000

9000

11000

13000

15000

17000

19000

21000

23000

25000

27000

ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SEP OCT NOV DIC

Ene

rgía

me

dia

me

nsua

l (M

J/m

2)

90º

60º

45º

15º

50º

Solar Radiation at different inclination