Endocrine System. The endocrine system is instrumental in regulating mood, growth, and development, tissue function, metabolism, as well as sexual function.

Endocrine SystemEndocrine System

Endocrine SystemEndocrine System

• The endocrine system is instrumental in The endocrine system is instrumental in regulating mood , growth, and development, regulating mood , growth, and development, tissue function, metabolism, as well as sexual tissue function, metabolism, as well as sexual function and reproductive processesfunction and reproductive processes

• The endocrine and nervous system must work The endocrine and nervous system must work together in order for the body to function together in order for the body to function properlyproperly

• ** The endocrine system is in charge of bodily ** The endocrine system is in charge of bodily processes that happen slowly unlike the processes that happen slowly unlike the nervous systemnervous system

Endocrine SystemEndocrine System

• Hormones are chemical regulators that Hormones are chemical regulators that control bodily processes such as control bodily processes such as emotions , growth and sexualityemotions , growth and sexuality

• ** Hormones travel through the blood ** Hormones travel through the blood streamstream

• Glands are units in the body that hold Glands are units in the body that hold and release these hormonesand release these hormones

• The Endocrine system is the system that The Endocrine system is the system that holds all these glandsholds all these glands

Pituitary GlandPituitary Gland

• This is called the master gland of the This is called the master gland of the bodybody

• This is controlled by the hypothalamus This is controlled by the hypothalamus in the brainin the brain

• The gland has two jobsThe gland has two jobs• Send messages that start all other glandsSend messages that start all other glands• To determine how tall or short someone will beTo determine how tall or short someone will be

• influences our emotions – secretes influences our emotions – secretes endorphins – Seasonal affective endorphins – Seasonal affective disorders ( SAD)disorders ( SAD)

Pituitary GlandPituitary Gland

• The pituitary gland makes the growth The pituitary gland makes the growth hormonehormone

• Sometimes the action is delayed , Sometimes the action is delayed , sometimes it starts too soonsometimes it starts too soon

• The tallest known person in history is 8 The tallest known person in history is 8 feet 11 inches… he died at 22feet 11 inches… he died at 22

• The shortest person was 23.3 inches… The shortest person was 23.3 inches… she died at 19she died at 19

Thyroid GlandThyroid Gland

• Controls our metabolismControls our metabolism• Metabolism is the speed in which Metabolism is the speed in which

the body operatesthe body operates• People with overactive thyroids are People with overactive thyroids are

not able to sit stillnot able to sit still• While people with slow thyroids While people with slow thyroids

tend to be sluggishtend to be sluggish

ParathyroidsParathyroids

• Regulates the amount of calcium in Regulates the amount of calcium in the blood ( calcitonin) produced by the blood ( calcitonin) produced by the thyroidthe thyroid

Adrenal GlandAdrenal Gland

• Located in the right and left side of Located in the right and left side of the body , above the naval and the the body , above the naval and the backback

• This is the gland the emits This is the gland the emits adrenaline, that activates your adrenaline, that activates your body for emergenciesbody for emergencies

GonadsGonads

• These are known as the sex glandsThese are known as the sex glands• They make sperm and eggsThey make sperm and eggs• Male sex hormone is androgenMale sex hormone is androgen• Female sex hormone is estrogenFemale sex hormone is estrogen

Pineal GlandPineal Gland

• Located in the middle of the brain, Located in the middle of the brain, secretes melatonin, helps regulate secretes melatonin, helps regulate sleepsleep

PancreasPancreas

• Produces digestive enzymesProduces digestive enzymes• Produces insulin and glucagonProduces insulin and glucagon

Problems with the Problems with the Endocrine SystemEndocrine System

• Adrenal insufficiencyAdrenal insufficiency• Type I diabetes ( pancreas fails to Type I diabetes ( pancreas fails to

produce enough insulin ( juvenile produce enough insulin ( juvenile diabetes)diabetes)

• Type II diabetes ( can’t produce Type II diabetes ( can’t produce normal amounts of insulin normal amounts of insulin ( children who are overweight)( children who are overweight)

Problems with Endocrine Problems with Endocrine SystemSystem

• Growth hormone problems ( pituitary Growth hormone problems ( pituitary gland)gland)

• Hyperthyroidism ( thyroid hormones are Hyperthyroidism ( thyroid hormones are very high in blood streams ( Grave’s very high in blood streams ( Grave’s Disease – immune system)Disease – immune system)

• Hypothyroidism ( thyroid hormone levels Hypothyroidism ( thyroid hormone levels are low in the blood ( leads to weight are low in the blood ( leads to weight gain)gain)