The Endocrine System Chapter 25 Section 3
Nov 18, 2014
The Endocrine SystemChapter 25 Section 3
Objectives:•Explain why the endocrine system is
important to the body
• Identify the glands of the endocrine system, and describe what their hormones do
•Describe how feedback mechanisms stop and start hormone release
•Name 2 hormone imbalances
Hormones as Chemical Messengers:•Purpose: to control body functions by using
chemicals that are made by the endocrine glands
•Gland: a group of cells that make special chemicals for your body
•Hormone: a chemical messenger made in one cell or tissue that causes change in another cell or tissue in another part of the body
The Endocrine System:
http://www.innatehealthsolutions.com/images/hormones1.jpg
The Endocrine Glands & Their Functions:1. Pituitary2. Thyroid3. Parathyroid4. Thymus5. Adrenal6. Pancreas7. Ovaries8. Testes
The Pituitary Gland:•Location: The brain
•Function: secretes hormones that affect other glands and organs▫Stimulates skeletal growth▫Helps the thyroid gland work properly▫Regulates the amount of water in your
blood▫Stimulates the birth process in women
http://www.tvscoop.tv/pituitary_gland.gif
The Thyroid Gland:•Location: the neck
•Function: Increase the rate at which you use energy▫Very important during childhood and infancy▫Controls the secretion of growth hormones
for normal body growth▫Control the development of the CNS▫Control metabolism
http://www.abc.net.au/health/library/img/thyroid_gland_diag.gif
The Parathyroid Gland:
•Location: behind the thyroid gland
•Function: regulated calcium levels in the blood
http://www.clarian.org/ADAM/doc/graphics/images/en/8890.jpg
The Thymus Gland:
•Location: behind the breastbone
•Function: important to the immune system▫Killer T cells grow and mature here▫Helps protect the body against pathogens
http://www.dana.org/uploadedImages/Images/Spotlight_Images/DanaGuide_CH16C52_P532_spot.jpg
The Adrenal Gland:•Location: on the kidneys
•Function: help the body respond to danger▫Release epinephrine (adrenaline) – increases HR
and respiration; “fight or flight” response
http://www.web-books.com/eLibrary/Medicine/Physiology/Endocrine/adrenal_gland.jpg
The Pancreas:•Location: deep in the abdomen
•Function: regulates blood glucose levels▫Insulin ▫Glucagon
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/images/ency/fullsize/8883.jpg
The Ovaries:
•Location: in the female pelvis
•Function: produce hormones needed for reproduction▫Estrogen ▫Progesterone
http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/2007/08/01/health/adam/19263.jpg
The Testes:
•Location: male pelvic region
•Function: produce hormones needed for reproduction▫Testosterone
http://www.soc.ucsb.edu/sexinfo/images/10-07-testes.jpg
Controlling Endocrine Glands:
•Similar to the feedback mechanism in the nervous system
•Ex: Pancreas▫Has specialize cells that make 2 hormones:
insulin & glucagon▫Insulin lower blood glucose levels – tells
liver to convert glucose into glycogen▫Glucagon tells liver to convert glycogen
into glucose to release into the blood
Pancreatic Hormones:
http://biomed.brown.edu/Courses/BI108/BI108_2002_Groups/pancstems/stemcell/pancreas.gif
Hormone Imbalances:
•Sometimes an endocrine gland makes too much or not enough of a hormone
•Diabetes Mellitus: when the pancreas does not make enough insulin
•Imbalance in the Pituitary Gland: not enough growth hormone
Diabetes Mellitus:
http://www.ghsa.net/files/images/Checking_Blood_Sugar.jpg http://www.ghsa.net/files/images/Insulin_Pump.jpg