INTRODUCTION 1.0 OVERVIEW OF ENDAU-ROMPIN NATIONAL PARK Ecotourism is one type of tourism project that promotes conservation and minimises visitor impacts. This task was given to study on the sustainable of Endau-Rompin National park. This park is the second largest national park in Peninsular Malaysia and is well positioned to be a great eco-tourism destination. It covers the borders of Johor and Pahang, sprawling over approximately 80,000 hectares with the Johor side being gazetted as a national park around 49,000 hectares, while the Pahang side around 38,000 hectares is still a state park and managed separately by the Pahang state authorities (Figure 1). The park are rich with exotic flora and fauna, encompassing the watershed of the rivers Endau and Rompin, from which it derives its name. It is legally protected forest area in Peninsular Malaysia. Inside that 49,000 hectares, there have two part of ecotourism destination that is owned by Endau Rompin National Park which are named as Peta and Selai. Peta is one of the gateways into the Endau-Rompin National Park located in the Mersing district. It covering 19,562 hectares and being in existence for million years, it is one of the remaining large tracts of pristine lowland tropical rainforest with an enormous amount of undisturbed natural vegetation in Peninsular Malaysia. 1 | Page
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INTRODUCTION
1.0 OVERVIEW OF ENDAU-ROMPIN NATIONAL PARK
Ecotourism is one type of tourism project that promotes conservation and
minimises visitor impacts. This task was given to study on the sustainable of Endau-
Rompin National park. This park is the second largest national park in Peninsular
Malaysia and is well positioned to be a great eco-tourism destination. It covers the
borders of Johor and Pahang, sprawling over approximately 80,000 hectares with the
Johor side being gazetted as a national park around 49,000 hectares, while the Pahang
side around 38,000 hectares is still a state park and managed separately by the Pahang
state authorities (Figure 1). The park are rich with exotic flora and fauna, encompassing
the watershed of the rivers Endau and Rompin, from which it derives its name. It is
legally protected forest area in Peninsular Malaysia.
Inside that 49,000 hectares, there have two part of ecotourism destination that is
owned by Endau Rompin National Park which are named as Peta and Selai. Peta is one of
the gateways into the Endau-Rompin National Park located in the Mersing district. It
covering 19,562 hectares and being in existence for million years, it is one of the
remaining large tracts of pristine lowland tropical rainforest with an enormous amount of
undisturbed natural vegetation in Peninsular Malaysia.
Next, Selai is the western gateway to the Endau-Rompin National Park that
covering 29,394 hectares. Selai is the land of endless waterfalls. Countless waterfalls,
great and small are found inside the park.
The park is home to a expansive species of insects, fish, birds, and big and small
mammals. They include no less than 230 species of birds, 179 species of butterflies, 43
species of fish and all the great Malaysian mammals, like the Sumatra rhinoceros, tigers,
elephants, mousedeer, deer and tapirs. It seems that every time a scientific expedition
returns from Endau Rompin, where they discover a lot of new species there .The different
type of the habitats and species found there is of a major conservation significance. In
year 1985 and 1986, a scientific expedition identified 25 new species of plants within the
area and its rocks and hills have been assessed to be 248 million years old. For
experimental interest aside, Endau Rompin National Park is the perfect haven for
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adventure seekers. Its numerous legends and myths handed down through the years add
up to its overall appeal.
The tourist activities provided include jungle trekking, wildlife and birdwatching,
climbing the canopy walkway, nature photography, boat trips, camping, swimming,
fishing, and many more. The important thing is, only limited areas of the park are open
for ecotourism because they want to protect the pristine environment. To enter that
special park they need a special permit from the Johor National Park Corporation.
Figure 1: An overview of Endau-Rompin National Park
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1.1 REASON OF SELECTING ENDAU-ROMPIN AS DESTINATION
We are choosing Endau-Rompin as our destination of study because it is a place
that designed to establish whether ecotourism can provide access to attractive sources of
income to the country, which would facilitate not only the effective conservation of
protected tropical forest areas but also the sustainable development of the National Park
which is related to our subject that is taken for this semester.
1.2 MAPS AND LOCATION OF ENDAU ROMPIN NATIONAL PARK
These are the road direction to go to Endau Rompin National park.
Go along the North-South Expressway and turn off at Ayer Hitam. From Ayer Hitam
take the Kluang Jemaluang road (Route 50) and continue from there to a turn-off 7km
east of Kahang town (look for the Endau Rompin National Park sign partly hidden
amongst 15 other signs on the signboard). From this turn-off, a four- wheel drive will
take you on a 56km rough terrain drive through palm-oil plantations and then onto old
logging roads and boggy tracks before arriving at Kampung Peta, the park staging point.
This will take 2 hours. Take a look at Figure 2 & Figure 3.
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Figure 2: Direction to Endau-Rompin from different exit.
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ENDAU - ROMPIN (PETA)
JOHOR NATIONAL PARK
MERSING
1 HourFrom Mersing To
Kahang Office
KUALA LUMPUR3 Hour - 3½ Hour
FromKuala Lumpur
KAHANG
2 Hour (56 km)
To
Endau – Rompin (Peta)
KLUANG45 MinuteTo Kahang
AYER HITAM TOL
30 MinuteTo Kluang Town
JOHOR BAHRU
1 Hour – 1½ Hour
From Johor Bahru
Figure 3: Maps to Endau-Rompin Peta and Selai
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1.3 MISSION
Developing Johor National Parks and Johor RAMSAR Sites as world class Biodiversity
Conversation Centre through research activities, environmental education and eco-
tourism.
1.4 VISION
Developing Johor National Parks and Johor RAMSAR Sites as world class Environment
Site in 2016
1.5 OBJECTIVE
To preserve and protect wildlife and also important for geology, archaeology, history,
ethnology and other priority in science and physical, through preservation and function
for developing education, health, aesthetic value and public recreation.
2.0 ECOTOURISM DESTINATION
Ecotourism is responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment
and improves the well-being of local people." (TIES, 1990). It is about uniting
conservation, communities, and sustainable travel. Normally, conservation or ecotourism
destination are hidden from the visitors eye. Endau-Rompin National Park is the second
largest national park in Peninsular Malaysia and is well positioned to be a great eco-
tourism destination where it gives unique biodiversity and assets.
A Strategic Implementation Plan (SIP) has been developed to study the
rehabilitation, conservation and sustainable development of the national park as an
international standard rainforest ecotourism destination. This includes upgrading of
access roads into the national park. The Kahang Endau-Rompin road has been upgraded
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to provide year-round access to the national park, unlocking the tourism potential of the
ecotourism destination as well as improving access for the locals, especially the Orang
Asli community.
Thus, the management provide direct financial benefits for the conservation of the
forest. The financial benefits and empowerment are also provided for the local people
including orang asli. At the same time, it can increase the national income when all
people can expand their salary for their wants and needs. It can be ensured by appropriate
distribution mechanisms that the greatest possible share in revenue from ecotourism
reaches the local population and the park administrations. For example, the boat ride is
complimentary for the Endau Rompin National Park visitors to give financial benefits to
the Orang Asli community.
Furthermore, the tourism suppliers such as tour operators and private investors
and also tourists can accept the self disciplinary guidelines of ethics and observe and
support regulations for the control of tourism in the protected forest area. The
environmental and social compatibility of tourism activities can be checked and
implemented by means of an adapted monitoring and control system.
.
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2.1 ATTRACTION OF ENDAU-ROMPIN NATIONAL PARK
The places of interest in Peta are:
Visitor’s Complex, this houses an information gallery, library, cafeteria and
souvenir shop. Nearby are interesting medicinal plants, arboretum, orchid, ginger
and palm gardens and a delightful pond with flowering Ixoras and Lantanas and
brilliantly coloured butterflies.
Kampung Peta, the furthest Orang Asli settlement in Johor. The villagers area an
invaluable treasure trove to knowledge when it comes to using forest herbs for
medicinal purposes.
Janing Barat, the serene stillness of this mystical fan palm forest is a panacea for
the mind and soul.
Pantai Burung, the picnic area that adequately equipped with basic facilities
including washrooms and gazebos. It is ideal for tele-matches, family recreational
and leisure activities as it is located nearby water.
Buaya Sangkur Waterfall, named after a local legend, the intoxicating beauty of
this majestic 120-metres high waterfall makes the though hike getting there wll-
worth the effort. The water here cascade down at the rate of a million gallons per
minute.
Upeh Guling Waterfall, the bathtub like depressions in the rock is another
example of natures intriguing handiwork.
Kuala Jasin, the breathtaking view from this point illustrates the peerless beauty
of this magnificent jungle.
Tasik Air Biru, an invigorating clear blue water pool which is home to
innumerable river life.
Nature Education and Research Centre (NERC), the centre that developed for
focal point for nature education and research centre for visitors from all over the
world.
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Places of interest in Selai are:
Lubuk Merekek Camp Site, the furthest distance that a vehicle can reach.
Visitors can stay in the huts which are located near the riverbank where they are
allowed to feed or swim with the fishes in the coll jungle river. The sound of
water flowing over rocks is the therapeutic and hornbills flying across the river
during the fruiting season are a glorious sight.
Lubuk Tapah Base Camp, located about 500 meters from the Lubuk Tapah
Base Camp, this campsite has a white sandy ground, which is suitable for
picnicking. Here, fishing is only allowed with fishing permit obtained from
Bekok office.
Takah Tinggi Waterfall, the biggest waterfall along Selai River . The waterfall
is estimated to be 100m high and the huge volume of water thunders down the
two cascades of the waterfall.
Takah Pandan Waterfall, another very beautiful waterfall. This waterfall is
smaller than Takah Tinggi but is almost just as high.
Takah Selow, a three tiered waterfall which is the nearest and easiest waterfall to
reach, from Base Camp.
Takah Berangin Waterfall, a powerful cascade that is about 2-3 hours trek from
Lubuk Tapah. In order to reach it, you continue a further 1-1.5 hours from Takah
Pandan through beautiful lowland and hill dipterocarp forest. This is one of the
few trails that do not follow alongside the rivers. The powerful water flow can be
heard even from some way off.
2.2 FACILITIES OF ENDAU-ROMPIN NATIONAL PARK
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2.2.1 PETA
Endau-Rompin Peta National Park has well-established infrastructural facilities
to their guests and visitors. Facilities at Peta are simple but adequate. Here,
visitors forego modern conveniences and comforts for few days, living simply in
raise wooden huts. They provided facilities such as accommodation,
transportation, food and beverages and other facilities.
2.2.2 SELAI
Endau-Rompin Selai National Park has only few facilities that provided because it
is ideal for the specialist visitor who is seeking to rought it out. Selai are focused
on camping purposes.They provided basic facilities such as camping area,
cooking area, transportation and other facilities.
2.3 ACCOMODATION OF ENDAU-ROMPIN NATIONAL PARK
2.3.1 PETA
There are few types of accommodation that provided to the visitors such as family
chalets, standard chalets, dormitory and campsites. For the family chalets they
have 3 rooms that can occupy 6 to 8 person. This type of accommodation is
suitable for family and the small group of people. For standard chalet they
provided queen size bed that suitable for 2 person only. For the dormitory, they
provided double decker bed and shares bathroom . This type of accommodation is
suitable to the big group of people. (Figure 4)
2.3.2 SELAI
Lubuk Merekek is a campsite located beside Selai River, equipped with kitchen,
dining hall and toilet facilities. The kitchen provides two gas stoves complete with
gas canisters and a sink for washing. This campsite is large enough to hold over
thirty campers at one time. It is just 10mins walk deeper into the forest from
Lubuk Merekek. Lubuk Tapah is the other campsite also located beside Selai
River. This campsite is really a basic chalet resort complete with everything found
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in Lubuk Merekek but with gazebo that can sleep three persons. The kitchen also
has cooking utensils and cutleries. (Figure 5)
Family Chalets Standard Chalets
Dormitory
Figure 4: Peta Accomodation
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Lubuk Tapah Base Camp Lubuk Merekek Base Camp
Figure 5: Selai Accomodation
3.0 INTER-SECTORAL PARTICIPATION
Endau-Rompin National Park is a statutory body which operated under the Johor
State Government. There is no other links that is cooperating to success this National
Park.
3.1 FINANCING OF ENDAU-ROMPIN NATIONAL PARK
Endau-Rompin National Park gets their funds from the State Government of
Johor and The Federal Government. The State Government of Johor and The Federal
Government will give the funds to the them by quarter year. If the funds is not enough
Endau Rompin management can request more funds from The Ministry Of Tourism
Malaysia. Endau-Rompin National Park did not receive any funding from the private
sector. The management will increase their revenues from the permits fees,
accommodation rents, 4-WD car rental, activities and food and beverages. The
Management of Endau-Rompin National Park will also shares their revenue with the
villagers of Kampung Peta such as give a commission to them when they are helping
with the guide, give a demonstration activities and boat services.
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3.2 CARRYING CAPACITY
Carrying capacity refers to the number of individuals who can be supported in a
given area within natural resource limits, and without degrading the natural social,
cultural and economic environment for present and future generations. The carrying
capacity for any given area is not fixed. It can be altered by improved technology, but
mostly it is changed for the worse by pressures which accompany a population increase.
As the environment is degraded, carrying capacity actually shrinks, leaving the
environment no longer able to support even the number of people who could formerly
have lived in the area on a sustainable basis. No population can live beyond the
environment's carrying capacity for very long. Endau-Rompin National Park will limits
their permits to 150 permits for one time. Meaning that the Management will limits their
permits to 150 person to enter this National Park for one trip. Another way to ensure that
environmental damage does not occur the management will close the park in December,
January and February. This is to ensures the plants that have been damaged can be
restored and this is also to prepare for the floods that will happen every year at here.
3.3 DESIGN OF INFRASTRUCTURE
Design of infrastructure at the Endau Rompin National Park has been built
according to the standards set by the government. Every facilities was built in the open
space. The open space has been formed naturally. All the construction here has been to
limit the cutting of trees. Here also were not built tracks and roads for the cars to reduce
the damage of the natural environment. All visitors will take a boat ride and trekking to
come here. The vehicle use is limited only to deliver supplies and sent passengers. All the
building here was built at the fissures trees. The architecture attempts to reduce the
collective environmental impacts during the production of building components, during
the construction process, as well as during the lifecycle of the building.