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Dec 21, 2015
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biology
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20-3 Plantlike Protists: Unicellular Algae
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20-3 Plantlike Protists: Unicellular Algae
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Plantlike protists contain chlorophyll and carry out photosynthesis.
Plantlike protists are commonly called “algae.”
The four phyla of unicellular algae are:
• euglenophytes
• chrysophytes
• diatoms
• dinoflagellates
Plantlike Protists
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20-3 Plantlike Protists: Unicellular Algae
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Chlorophyll and Accessory Pigments
Chlorophyll and accessory pigments allow algae to harvest and use the energy from sunlight.
Accessory pigments increase the range of light used for photosynthesis.
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Euglenophytes
Euglenophytes
Euglenophytes are plantlike protists that have two flagella but no cell wall.
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Euglena
Euglenophytes
Gullet
Flagella
Eyespot
Pellicle
Contractile vacuoleCarbohydratestorage bodies
Chloroplast
Nucleus
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Chrysophytes
Chrysophytes
Members of the phylum Chrysophyta are a diverse group of plantlike protists that have gold-colored chloroplasts.
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Diatoms
Diatoms
Diatoms produce thin, delicate cell walls rich in silicon (Si)—the main component of glass.
The walls are shaped like the two sides of a petri dish or flat pillbox, with one side fitted snugly into the other.
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Dinoflagellates
Dinoflagellates
About half of the dinoflagellates are photosynthetic; the other half live as heterotrophs.
Dinoflagellates have two flagella that fit in grooves between two thick plates of cellulose that protect the cell.
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Ecology of Unicellular Algae
Phytoplankton constitute the population of small, photosynthetic organisms found near the surface of the ocean.
Phytoplankton carry out half of Earth’s photosynthesis. In addition, they provide nourishment for many organisms.
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Phytoplankton
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20-3
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20-3
The function of accessory pigments in various groups of algae is to
a. absorb red and violet light.
b. carry out photosynthesis in the absence of chlorophyll.
c. increase the range of wavelengths used for photosynthesis.
d. carry out photosynthesis when sunlight is not available.
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20-3
Which of the following describes structures found in euglenophytes?
a. chloroplasts but no cell walls
b. chloroplasts and cell walls
c. cell walls but no chloroplasts
d. no cell walls or chloroplasts
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20-3
Plantlike protists with gold-colored chloroplasts are the
a. euglenophytes.
b. diatoms.
c. chrysophytes.
d. dinoflagellates.
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20-3
The base of most marine food chains is made up of
a. zooplankton.
b. euglenophytes.
c. phytoplankton.
d. chrysophytes.
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