Slide 1
End of stamping Get your stamp in 5 minutes.
This bar timer will start when anywhere on the slide is clicked.
The bar will move from left to right and the word End will appear
at the end, accompanied by a Deep Gong sound. It is possible to
change the duration of this timer to any time, by entering the
animation settings, and changing the timing for rectangle 3. Note
the time has to be entered as a number of seconds so if you want
2mins & 30secs this is entered as 150 (60X2 + 30 = 150).
1expanded answermnemonictea: make snakes Tropicalthermosphere:
mesosphereStratosphereTroposphere2exosphereionosphereexoiono
End of stamping Get your stamp in 5 minutes.
This bar timer will start when anywhere on the slide is clicked.
The bar will move from left to right and the word End will appear
at the end, accompanied by a Deep Gong sound. It is possible to
change the duration of this timer to any time, by entering the
animation settings, and changing the timing for rectangle 3. Note
the time has to be entered as a number of seconds so if you want
2mins & 30secs this is entered as 150 (60X2 + 30 = 150).
33 methods of poppingconduction convectionradiation4
expanded answer5
Atmosphere and the Big Four Systems of Our Earth
See your Atmosphere Guided Notes.6Composition of EarthEarth has
4 interactive systems:
7The Atmosphere layer of gas that surrounds Earth, more commonly
known as air.
8Composition of Earths AtmosphereatmosphereMostly Nitrogen and
OxygenHas layersProtects us from meteors and comets, x-rays, gamma
rays, ultra violet lightWater vapor is responsible for clouds and
precipitationComposition is almost constant EXCEPT for water (from
0 to 5% --not shown in the pie chart above)
9Atmosphere. How do you know its there?Is this air that
surrounds us considered to be matter? Does it weigh anything? How
do you know? Think about it and decide on answers.Talk in groups if
assigned by teacher.Be ready to tell the class what you decided and
why.Dont start cooperative group work unless you know and follow
group rules.Any questions?10Weight of the atmosphere
Gases are in the atmosphere.Their elements are listed in the
periodic table: Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, HydrogenAir is
matter! Sound can travel through it. It has volume and mass.
11Even though you cant see them, atoms make up gases.Are some
atoms bigger than others? Are their atomic weights all the
same?
12Helium vs. Carbon Dioxide
Do you think of helium as light and floating or heavy and
falling?
Do you think about Carbon Dioxide as light and floating or heavy
and falling? Think about the gas released from dry ice--does it go
up or down?http://jp.youtube.com/watch?v=F239cINIADs
13
Troposphere, Water, and CloudsAmong other gases, there is water
vapor in the troposphere. The amount varies.You cannot see water
vapor.Clouds form when air rises, cools to its dew point, and
becomes saturated with water vapor.Water changes state. Bits of
liquid and solid water can remain suspended in air.
14Precipitation-falling water in the form of rain, freezing
rain, sleet, snow, or hail
15Water Cycle Demonstration(involves redistribution of
water)
16So water changes state. Why does that matter so much?Changing
state:Redistributes fresh water all over
Earthhttp://earthguide.ucsd.edu/earthguide/diagrams/watercycle/Causes
much wind!
Models of these phenomena will be demonstrated now, if possible.
Try to figure out how they represent Earth.17Water Vapor
Demonstration(involves huge change in volume)
18Composition of Earths atmosphereThe
AtmospherelayersExosphereThermosphereIonosphereMesosphereStratosphereTroposphereWhat
is below thetroposphere?geosphere (solid Earth)
Exosphere19
Layers of the
Atmosphere(Exosphere)--Thermosphere--Mesosphere--Stratosphere--TroposphereTurn
over to page 2 of your Guided Notes handout, half way down the
page.Fill in the graphic organizer as you learn.20Where does the
troposphere fit in?Earths 4 main systems:The
AtmosphereTroposphereContains most clouds and weather.Temperature
cools as you go higher; ~50% of suns energy enters, 50% is
reflected back.Most of the tropospheres heat has bounced back from
Earth (mostly from convection)StratosphereMesosphereThermosphereThe
HydrosphereThe BiosphereThe Geosphere
Exosphere21Atmosphere(Exosphere)Thermosphere--Mesosphere--Stratosphere--Troposphere--Contains
most clouds and weather.Temperature cools as you go higher; 50% of
suns energy passes through, 50% is reflected back.Most of the
tropospheres heat is from Earth (convection)Write it
here.22Troposphere and Weather(Turn back to p. 1)Weatherthe
atmospheres condition in terms of temperature, cloud cover, wind
speed and direction, humidity, and air pressure.What are different
types of weather? (You tell me.)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________23Temperaturea
measure of how fast air molecules are moving.When molecules are
moving rapidly, temperature is high.Celsius and Fahrenheit
thermometers measure air temperature.Earths Weatherin the
Troposphere24What is the temperature like today?Hot/ Cold
______________________Degrees Fahrenheit_______________Degrees
Celsius
_________________http://www.weather.com/weather/hourbyhour/graph/Winston-Salem+NC+27104:4:USEnergy
is transferred between fast-moving molecules and slower-moving
molecules.Earths Weatherin the Troposphere
25Energy is transferred by:Conductiontransfer of energy when
molecules collide, e.g. from hot pavement to your bare feet.Give an
example of something heating up due to conduction.Convection, which
occurs from moving fluids,as when warm air rises and cool air
sinks, e.g. Give an example of something heating up due to
convection.Radiationtransfer of energy by waves or rays, e.g. sun
warming your face.Includes light, microwaves, and heat.Heat is
infrared radiation.
Earths Weather in the Troposphere
26
Conduction, convection, radiation are all occurring here. Can
you identify them? 3 methods of poppingconduction
convectionradiation27
28Air pressure the weight of air. Since air is a fluid, the
weight pushes in all directions, not just down.Air pressure varies
from one place to anotherWarmer air is less dense and exerts less
pressure.Cooler air is more dense and exerts more pressure.Works
just like other fluids, such as water.Earths Weatherin the
Troposphere29Air Pressure Demonstration or Discussion Write about
what you learned.
30Humidity the amount of water vapor in the airTemperature
affects humidity31Dewpointtemperature at which the air is holding
as much water vapor as it can(What happens when temperature
drops?)Relative humidity a measure of the amount of water vapor
present compared to the amount that could be held at a specific
temperature.32THAT WAS ALL ABOUT THE TROPOSPHERE!
Lets cover the other layers briefly.Fill in information about
each layer as we come to
it.Atmosphere(Exosphere)Thermosphere--Mesosphere--Stratosphere--TroposphereAltitude
and temperature
What does this mean?33
34Composition of Earths atmosphereEarth Has 4 main systems that
interact:The AtmosphereTroposphereStratosphere10 km to 50 km
contains ozone (the ozone layer) that absorbs much of the Suns
ultraviolet radiation.Gets warmer as you go
up!MesosphereThermosphereThe HydrosphereThe BiosphereThe
Geosphere
35Atmosphere(Exosphere)Thermosphere--Mesosphere-
Stratosphere--10 km to 50 km Contains ozone, which absorbs much of
Suns ultraviolet radiation. Gets warmer as you go
up.Troposphere--Contains most clouds and weather. Most of the
tropospheres heat is from Earth. Temperature cools about 6.5
degrees Celsius per kilometer of altitude.
36Composition of Earths atmosphereEarth Has 4 main systems that
interact:The AtmosphereTroposphereStratosphereMesosphere50-85 kmThe
coldest part of the atmosphere (to -90C)Gets colder as you go up.
ThermosphereThe HydrosphereThe BiosphereThe Geosphere
37Atmosphere(Exosphere)Thermosphere--Mesosphere- 50-85 km, The
coldest part of the atmosphere (to -90C)Gets colder as altitude
gets higher.Stratosphere--10 km to 50 km , contains ozone that
absorbs much of the Suns ultraviolet radiation.Gets warmer as you
go up.Troposphere--Contains most clouds and weather. Most of the
tropospheres heat is from Earth Temperature cools about 6.5 degrees
Celsius per kilometer of altitude.
38Composition of Earths atmosphereEarth has 4 main interactive
systems:1. The
AtmosphereTroposphereStratosphereMesosphereThermosphere80-500
kmTemperatures increase up to 1,700CFilters out x-rays and gamma
rays from the sun. This is an image of the space shuttle as it is
orbiting around the Earth. The space shuttle orbits in the
thermosphere of the Earth.
2. The Hydrosphere3. The Biosphere4. The Geosphere
39Atmosphere(Exosphere)Thermosphere-- 80-500 km, Temperatures
increase up to 1,700C. Filters out x-rays and gamma rays from the
sun. The space shuttle orbits in the thermosphere.Mesosphere--The
temperature drops when you go higher, like it does in the
troposphere. Coldest part of the atmosphereStratosphere--from 10 km
to 50 km above Earths surface, this layer contains ozone that
absorbs much of Suns ultraviolet radiation.
Troposphere--Contains most clouds and weather., Most of the
tropospheres heat is from Earth, Temperature cools about 6.5
degrees Celsius per kilometer of altitude.
40Thermosphere: IonosphereIonosphere is the inner part of the
thermospherea layer of electrically charged particlesThis layer
allows radio waves to travel across the country to another
city.www.blo ust.com/henley
http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/earthguide/diagrams/atmosphere/index.html
41Thermosphere: ExosphereThe outer part of the thermosphereThe
last layer of the atmosphereDifficult to tell where it stops and
space beginsVery few molecules in this layer of the
atmosphereTemperature gets higher with higher altitude (e.g. 17,000
degrees C)But if we could visit, it would not feel hot. Why is
that?42Atmosphere(Exosphere)-The outer part of the thermosphere.
Difficult to tell where it stops and space begins, Very few atoms
in this layer of the atmosphere. Higher altitude~higher
temperature.Thermosphere-- The air is really thin that high up. The
temperature changes with the solar activity. If the sun is active,
temperatures in the thermosphere can get up to 1,500C or higher!
High temperature, but would not feel hot if we could visit.
(Why?)Mesosphere--The temperature drops when you go higher, like it
does in the troposphere. Coldest part of the
atmosphereStratosphere--from 10 km to 50 km above Earths surface,
this layer contains ozone that absorbs much of the Suns ultraviolet
radiation.
Troposphere--Contains most clouds and weather., Most of the
tropospheres heat is from Earth, Temperature cools about 6.5
degrees Celsius per kilometer of altitude.
Ionosphere: the inner part of the thermospherea layer of
electrically charged particles within the mesosphere and
thermosphere This layer allows radio waves to
travel.43Atmosphere(Exosphere)-The outer part of the thermosphere.
Difficult to tell where it stops and space begins, Very few atoms
in this layer of the atmosphere. Higher altitude~higher
temperature.Thermosphere Thin air. Temperature rises as you go
higher. Usually divided into ionosphere and
exosphere.Mesosphere--The temperature drops when you go higher,
like it does in the troposphere. Coldest part of the
atmosphere.Stratospherecontains the ozone that absorbs much of the
Suns ultraviolet radiation. Some jet planes fly here.
Troposphere--Contains most clouds and weather. Most of the
tropospheres heat is from Earth, which is why temperature cools as
you go higher. We live here.
Ionosphere: the inner part of the thermospherea layer of
electrically charged particles within the mesosphere and
thermosphere This layer allows radio waves to travel.44Go back to
the top of p. 1:one reason the magnetosphere is importantThe Sun
spits out hazardous stuff that we call solar windcharged particles
and ions, globs of plasma, and other hazardous-to-life things. The
magnetic field around Earth deflects the solar winds around the
Earth.(In other words, the magnetosphere protects us from solar
winds.)Key TermsIdentify each. In this case, identify means write
something important.dew
pointsaturateelementconductionconvectionradiationvaporgasliquidsolidweightpressurefluid
45Any questions?46Week#29, 2013-14
Today
Copy first, then respond.Wednesday, April 16
ESSENTIAL QUESTION EQ: Tropical snakes make tea with Iono and
Exo. What does it mean?
Quotationto relate to science or life Oh, what a tangled web we
weave / When first we practice to deceive!Sir Walter Scott
Homework Homework: SRA booklet #___ due tomorrow.
Announcements, Questions???, Review A, Q, R report cards
Students ObjectiveObj. 7.E.1 Atmosphere, Weather, Climate
Teacher presents. atmosphere notes / demonstrations
Students do. Finish atmosphere guided notes 15-minute video
notes. Fill out SRA log (pink sheet, record #1)
Week#29, 2013-14
Today
Copy first, then respond.Thursday, April 17
ESSENTIAL QUESTION EQ: What are three ways that energy can be
transferred to popcorn in order to pop it?
Quotationto relate to science or life What goes around comes
around.proverb
Homework Homework: SRA make-up if necessary.
Announcements, Questions???, Review A, Q, R
Students ObjectiveObj. 7.E.1 Atmosphere, Weather, Climate
Teacher presents. atmosphere notes / demonstrations
Students do. Update SRA log (pink sheet, record #1) Mark due
dates for 47, 36, 37, 38