Enabling Renewable Energy using Hydrogen Renewable Energy using Hydrogen ... • Wind and solar are intermittent ... (5.3 m)17 ft (5.3 m) Type Low floor

Enabling Renewable Energy using Hydrogen

Renewable Hydrogen Symposiumy g y pInn at the Forks, Winnipeg, Manitoba

January 19, 2010

Hydrogenics in Brief

A world leading manufacturer of electrolyzers and fuel cellsA world leading manufacturer of electrolyzers and fuel cells

Canadian-based company with offices in Toronto, Belgium and Germany:and Germany:

• On Site Generation Systems: HySTAT™ Electrolyzers for industrial hydrogen and energy applications

• Power Systems: HyPM™ Fuel cells for backup power and mobilityPower Systems: HyPM Fuel cells for backup power and mobility applications

• Renewable Energy Systems: Hydrogen system applications for community energy storage and smart grid

1,700 + hydrogen products deployed worldwide since 1948

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Products and Technology

HyUPSBackup Power

HyPM® XR Fuel Cell

HyPX®

Fuel CellIMET

Electrolyzer StationsHyPM® HDFuel CellBackup Power

SystemFuel Cell

Power Moduleextended run data centre and telecom UPS power

Fuel Cell Power Packfor material

hadling

Electrolyzer Stations and

HyLYZERPEM Electrolyzer

Modulesfor OnSite

h d ti

Fuel Cell Power Module

for mobility applications

hydrogen generation

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Energy Storagegy g

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The Energy Storage Problem

Renewable energy is driving the need for energyRenewable energy is driving the need for energy storage

• Wind and solar are intermittent• Consumers and governments are pushing RE

to higher proportions of grid mix

Problems occurring when RE provides >10% of the grid mixgrid mix

• Increased need for standby power and frequency regulation services

• Fossil fuel regulation undermines value of REFossil fuel regulation undermines value of RE

Higher RE penetration raises the need for energy storageg

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The Energy Storage Problem

Wind and solar are intermittent Wind and solar are intermittent Fossil fuel power currently provide power stability Energy storage is needed to maximize wind penetration

H d t i d t h t l t t d f Hydrogen storage is a good match to long-term energy storage needs for remote communities

100% Fossil Fuel 100% REFossil fuel cost driver Capital drives costImported energy Fully self-sufficientPollution + emissions Zero-emissions

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Energy Storage Technologies

e s P d

Ren

ewab

leEn

ergy

Sto

rag e

Hou

rsD

ays Hydrogen Energy Storage Pumped

Hydro

Compressed AirEnergy Storage

Flow BatteriesZnBr VRB PSBMetal-Air Batteries

NaS Batteries

wer

High Energy Super Capacitors

Lead-Acid Batteries

Ni-Cd

Smal

l Pow

erSt

orag

e

ng D

urat

ion

Whe

els

Min

utes

me

at R

ated

Pow Li-ion

Other Adv. Batteries

High Power Fly Wheels

S

Lon

Fly

Pow

er Q

ualit

y

Seco

nds

Dis

char

ge T

im

High Power Supercaps

SuperconductingMagnetic Energy Storage

Source: Electricity Storage Association

1 kW 10 kW 100 kW 1 MW 10 MW 100 MW 1 GW

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Data Storage: Many Needs + Many Tools

Energy Storage is No Different8

Renewable Energy + Hydrogen Storage

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Hydrogen Advantages Long term storageg g

• Hydrogen storage costs are a fraction of batteries and flow batteries

• Can store energy for days and weeks• No power dissipation

Dissociation of charge and discharge cycles and storage capacity

• Can size the components for the specific application• More effective equipment use

Flexibility for use in many applications • Fueling for vehicles or other devices

Zero emissions through entire system

Hydrogen technology continuing to developy g gy g• Technical advances and cost reductions underway• Energy efficiency will be improved

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Renewable Energy and Transportationgy p

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Intermittency and with Transportation Loads Added

Rebalance with H2 Production for Transportation/Energy Storage

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Hydrogen Smart Grid –A whole new world of possibilities

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Hydrogen Fueling Pathway

Electrolysis hydrogen generation pathway to fuelingElectrolysis hydrogen generation pathway to fueling Controllable load matches with intermittent renewable energy

The Grid

Controllable Generation

Uncontrollable Loads

The Grid

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Electrolysis H2 FuelRenewable PowerControllable load matches intermittent power

Ancillary Services Definitions

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Why utilize electrolyzer loads as a resource?

Frees generating capacityFrees generating capacity• Ancillary services typically consume generating capacity • Using loads allows generating capacity to do what it was

designed to dodes g ed to do

Better response to control-center requests• Loads will respond more quickly because it is composed of• Loads will respond more quickly because it is composed of

many small resources• Large generators are slower to respond

Less redundancy and better capital utilization• Aggregation of loads as a resource will require less redundancy• Better modularity than single large generators• Better modularity than single large generators

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Hydrogenics Energy Network Patent US 6,745,105, EP 1,177,154 and EP 1,719,235, , , , , , , An energy distribution network comprising: at least one primary energy resource means for producing

electricity; hydrogen production means for producing hydrogen using

electricity received from said primary energy source; hydrogen storage means for storing at least some of said

hydrogen produced by said hydrogen production means;y g p y y g p ; hydrogen fuel user means for using hydrogen received

from at least one of said hydrogen production means and said hydrogen storage means; andD t ll ti t t l d l li k d Data collection, storage, control and supply means linked to said primary energy source means, said hydrogen production means and said hydrogen fuel user means to determine, control and supply hydrogen by said hydrogen

d ti b d i t i l diproduction means based on inputs including energy resource availability.

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Electrolysis Characteristics

Ability to quickly cycle on and offoff High availability during periods

of highest valueR id Rapid response Inherent redundancy Distributed locations

Commercial IMET On/Off Rapid Cycle Testing.

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Hydrogen Bus Refueling Scenario

Bus Refueling ScenarioNumber of buses 3 10 100

Fuel consumption (kg/100km) 15

On board storage (kg) 40

Daily travelled distance (km) 250

Facility daily H2 required (kg) 112 375 3750Facility daily H2 required (kg) 112 375 3750

Resulting H2 production capacity (Nm3/h) 60 180 1800

Resulting power requirement (MW) 0.3 1.0 10

H STAT Q’ i d 1 3 30HySTAT Q’s required 1 3 30

S1000 stacks required 4 12 120

S4000-90 stacks required 1 3 30

S4000-135 stacks required 1 2 20

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Fueling Economics with Demand Response

The addition of demand response revenue (OPA DR3) can helpThe addition of demand response revenue (OPA DR3) can help lower cost of hydrogen.

Elec Cost $222k

HySTAT 6060 Nm3/h (300 kW)

$2.1M installed100% Cap. Util.

$12.50/kg

CU

RR

ENT

MO

DE

L

HySTAT 60Elec Cost $222k

D E

Demand Response Revenue $65k/yr

$11.00/kg

HySTAT 6060 Nm3/h (300 kW)

$2.1M installed100% Cap. Util.

DE

MA

ND

RES

PON

SM

OD

EL

Demand response = $200k/MW/yr; Electricity = $.08/kWh20

Large-scale hydrogen fueling with demand response revenue

Fueling Economics with Demand Response

Large scale hydrogen fueling with demand response revenue

S4000 16Elec Cost $3.6M/yr

S4000 x 16960 Nm3/h (5 MW)

$15M installed100% Cap. Util.

$8.25/kg

CU

RR

ENT

MO

DE

L

Demand ResponseS4000 x 16960 Nm3/h (5 MW) $ 00/kAN

D

ON

SED

EL Demand Response Revenue $1M/yr

960 Nm3/h (5 MW)$15M installed100% Cap. Util.

$7.00/kg

DEM

AR

ESPO

MO

D

Demand Response = $200k/MW/yr; Electricity cost = .08/kWh

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Product Offering: HySTAT™-360 (Q)

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August 6th, 2009: DOE, NREL and SNRL Complete “Real World” Driving Evaluation

FCHVHybrid

2009 Toyota Highlander Gasoline Hybrid

2009 Toyota Highlander H2 Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle

Full Tank Range: 710 kmAvg. Fuel Economy: 9.0 L /100km

Cost to fill up @ $ 0.95/litre: $ 63.90

Full Tank Range: 690 kmAvg. Fuel Economy1: 3.4 L /100km

Cost to fill up @ $ 8/kgH2: $ 50.48

1. Converted from (kg) of hydrogen to litres of gasoline equivalent

Competitive fuel prices  Accelerating the transition to hydrogen

Hybrid Midi Bus Demonstration Vehicle

Length 17 ft (5.3 m)Length 17 ft (5.3 m)

Type Low floor

Seats 8 + standing

Max speed 20 mph (33 km/h)

Autonomy 125 mi (200 km)

Drive 12 kW PEM Fuel CellDrive 12 kW PEM Fuel Cell

Motor 25 kW

Fuel Hydrogen (99.99 %)

Hydrogen storage 5.8 kg

Energy storage NiCd Batteries

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Proterra Fuel Cell Plug-in Hybrid Bus

Length 35 ft (10 7 m)Length 35 ft (10.7 m)

Type Low floor

Seats 37

Max speed 60 mph (96 km/h)

Autonomy 300 mi (480 km)

D i 32 kW PEM Fuel

2 x HyPM HD 16sHydrogenics Fuel Cells

Drive Cell

Motor 150 kW

Fuel Hydrogen (99.99 Fuel %)

Hydrogen storage 30 kg

Energy storage Li Titanate Energy storage Batteries

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Community Hydrogen Energy Storage (HES)y y g gy g ( )

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Remote Community Power

ApplicationApplication• Enable continuous off-grid power from wind or solar• Remote communities, islands and resorts

Current Solution• Served by diesel gensets• Typical costs $0 60 $1 00/kWh• Typical costs $0.60-$1.00/kWh

Renewable Hydrogen System• Hydrogen generation storage and fuel cell coupled• Hydrogen generation, storage and fuel cell coupled

to renewable energy• Fully zero-emission energy• Self-contained energy system• Self-contained energy system

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Community Hydrogen System

WIND GENERATED ELECTRICITY

ELECTRICAL trici

ty

Excess Wind Energy dissipated

Excess W

Electric

Air Compressor

N2Generator

Thermal DumpLoad – distributedto improve usability

of heat energySynchronous Condenser

for grid stabilityDIESEL

Back Up power

LOAD

Gen

erat

ed E

lect

Wind E

nergy diverted

city to Auxiliary S

yste

HyS

ControlSystem

WaterTreatment

HEATING LOADsa

tion

very

Heating from excess Wind Energy Standby heating

for fuel cell

to Hydrogen productio

ems

TAT standby heatin H

ySTA

T co

olin

g

Heating from Waste Heat Recovery

Hydrogen

Con

dens

Rec

ov

on

Water supply

ng

Hydrogen

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Recovery

storageHyPM fuel cell system

Water supply to HySTAT

HySTAT Electrolyzer

The HySTAT™ Electrolyzers

Mature product serving industrial gas and fuelling marketsMature product serving industrial gas and fuelling markets On-demand, onsite high purity hydrogen production Automated, reliable, efficient and low maintenance

HySTAT™-60 HySTAT™-15 HySTAT™-30

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y60 Nm3/h, 5.4 kg/h

10 bar

HySTAT 15 15 Nm3/h, 1.4 kg/h

10 or 25 bar

HySTAT 30 30 Nm3/h, 2.7 kg/h

10 or 25 bar

Containerized Fuel Cell Module

HyPM 150KVA Fuel Cell System (20’ ISO container)HyPM 150KVA Fuel Cell System (20 ISO container)• HyPM XR rack serves backup power market• Reliable and scalable power for critical systems• Zero emission compact and highly efficient• Zero-emission, compact and highly efficient

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Energy Storage – Low Incremental Cost

Tube trailer can deliver 6 MWh from fuel cellTube trailer can deliver 6 MWh from fuel cell No leakage and no parasitic losses over time Storage costs of less than $100/kWh

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Case Study: Community HESy y

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Model Inputs

Site Profile using Alaska DataSite Profile using Alaska Data• 175kW peak load• 6.5m/s average wind speed• Low diesel price of $1/L• Low diesel price of $1/L

Case A – Existing Diesel• Emissions based ultra low sulphur diesel• Emissions based ultra low sulphur diesel

Case B – Wind/Hydrogen + Diesel• Reduced diesel consumption• Reduced diesel consumption

Case C – Wind/Hydrogen only• Elimination of diesel• Elimination of diesel

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Model Component Sizing

Diesel only Wind / Hydrogen + Diesel Wind/Hydrogen

Diesel kW 175 175

Wind kW 2 x 330 3 x 330

Fuel Cell kW 100 200

Electrolyzer Kg/day 168 330

Storage Kg 100 1000

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Model Results

Wi d/H dDiesel Only Wind/Hydrogen + Diesel Wind/Hydrogen

Initial Capital Cost $’000 3,250 8,300 10,620

Net Present Cost $’000 8,800 10,980 13,100

Operating Cost $’000/yr 450 215 201

Cost of Generation(Diesel @ $1/L)

$/kWh 0.78 0.97 1.16

Diesel Usage L/yr 291,400 49,400 0

CO2 kg/yr 764,000 130,000 0

CO kg/yr 4,050 690 0

HC kg/yr 220 37 0

PM kg/yr 230 39 0

SO2 kg/yr 1,500 260 0

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NOx kg/yr 2,300 400 0

Hydrogen Experience and Case Studiesy g p

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Renewable Energy Projects to Date

Name Year RE Source Country EquipmentName Year RE Source Country Equipment

West Beacon 2003 Wind + Solar UK HySTAT 8 + FC

Gas Natural 2007 Wind Spain HySTAT 60 + FCGas Natural 2007 Wind Spain HySTAT 60 + FC

Hychico 2007 Wind Argentina HySTAT 60 (x2) + H2ICE genset

Univ ofUniv. of Glamorgan 2008 Wind + Solar Wales HySTAT 10 + FC

Basin Electric 2008 Wind US HySTAT 30 + storage

China Lake 2008 Solar US HySTAT 1 +HyPM

BC Hydro 2009 Small Hydro Canada HySTAT 30

R 2009 Wi d C d H STAT 30Ramea 2009 Wind Canada HySTAT 30

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Hydrogenics Electrolysers in Fueling Stations in Europe

Malmø , Sweden Amsterdam, Netherlands (CUTE) Barcelona Spain (CUTE)Barcelona, Spain (CUTE) Stockholm, Sweden (CUTE) Porto, Portugal (CUTE)

B th G Barth, Germany Dunkirk, France

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Hydrogen Fueling Stations Experience in North America

Toronto ,Ontario (4) Vancouver, British Columbia Ford, Arizona

APG A i APG, Arizona Richmond, California Torrance, California Diamond Bar CaliforniaDiamond Bar, California Chula Vista, California Chino, California Oakland, California Rosemead, California Detroit, Michigan Minot, North Dakota

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Robert McGillivrayDirector, Renewable EnergyHydrogenics Corporation+1 (905) 298-3337

illi @h d [email protected]

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