Enabling environment for integrating DRR and CCA in Southeast Asia Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC) For ISDR
Enabling environment for integrating DRR and CCA in Southeast Asia
Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC)
For ISDR
Goal
Define enabling environment for practical integration of disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation in Southeast Asia.
Covers:
Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, the Philippines and Vietnam
Objectives
1) Review of DRR and CCA projects at national and sub-national levels
2) National level institutional and policy landscape on DRR and CCA
3) Enabling conditions for integrating DRR and CCA
4) Practical examples linking DRR and CCA
5) Guidance notes for field practitioners for implementing and sustaining DRR-CCA projects at national and local levels
6) Conclusions on what defines good CCA
1. Review of institutional and policy landscape on DRR and CCAA. DRR Institutional and policy landscape
Cambodia DRR Institutional Mechanisms
National Committee for Disaster Management (NCDM) Strategic National Action Plan for Disaster Risk Reduction
in Cambodia 2008-2013 (SNAP-DRR) Disaster Management Working Group (DMWG)
Institutional Mechanism for DRR in Cambodia
National Committee for Disaster Management (NCDM)National Committee for Disaster Management (NCDM)
Cabinet of PresidentCabinet of President General SecretariatGeneral SecretariatDisaster Management
Working Group of Ministries and
Institutes
Disaster Management
Working Group of Ministries and
Institutes
Provincial Committee for Disaster Management
(PCDM)
District Committee for Disaster Management
(DCDM)
Commune Disaster
Management Team
PCDM Secretariat
DCDM Secretariat
Department of Administration and Finance
Department of Information and
Relation
Department of Emergency
Response and Rehabilitation
Department of Preparedness and Training
Department of Search and
Rescue
Administration Bureau
Accounting Bureau
Logistic Bureau
Information and Prediction Bureau
International Relation Bureau
Newsletter and Publishing Bureau
Emergency Bureau
Rehabilitation Bureau
Operation Bureau
Training Bureau
Planning Bureau
Program Bureau
Searching & Coordination Bureau
Rescue Coordination Bureau
Commune Committee for Disaster Management
(CCDM)
Emergency Relief Assistance Sub-group
Food Security Sub-group
Health Sub-group
Small Scale Infrastructure, Water and Sanitation Sub-
group
Preparedness and Mitigation Sub-group
1. Review of institutional and policy landscape on DRR and CCAA. DRR Institutional and policy landscape
Cambodia DRR Institutional Mechanisms Policy, Plans and Statements on DRR
National Report in Preparation for World Conference on Disaster Reduction (WCDR)-2005
National Strategic Development Plan 2006-2010 (NSDP) Draft National Emergency Management Policy National Disaster Management Bill (NDMB)
1. Review of institutional and policy landscape on DRR and CCAB. CCA Institutional and policy landscape
Cambodia CCA Institutional Mechanisms
National Climate Change Committee (NCCC) Cambodian Climate Change Office (CCCO) Rectangular Strategy for Growth, Employment, Equity
and Efficiency as framework for socio-economic dev. National Strategic Development Plan (NSDP) approved
2006, framed as implementation of Rectangular Strategy
Institutional Arrangements for CC in Cambodia
Source- MRC
Institution Type Relevant Objective Remarks
Ministry of Environment
Govt Ministry
Mandate over environmental issues, including conservation/protected areas, environmental quality/environmental impact assessment, and rational use and management of natural resources.
Focal Point for Climate Change and Biodiversity Conventions, and GEF.
Cambodian Climate Change Office
Ministry Office
Carries out all technical activities related to the implementation of the Climate Convention. Facilitates and coordinates donor funded and private sector activities relevant to climate change with other government agencies. Supports and organizes inter-ministerial technical working groups specialized in sectors (energy and forestry), and along climate change themes (GHG inventory, mitigation, vulnerability and adaptation)
Part of Ministry of Environment. Department of Planning and Legal Affairs. Secretariat of the DNA for CDM, and of the UNFCCC focal point.
National Committee on Climate Change
Inter-ministerial Committee
Prepares, coordinates and monitors implementation of policies, strategies, legal instruments, plans and programmes to address climate change.
Composed of Secretaries and Under-Secretaries of State from 19 Ministries and government agencies. Meeting at least twice yearly.
National Institutions relevant for CC in Cambodia
Institution Type Relevant Objective Remarks
Ministry of Agricultural, Forestry and Fisheries
Govt Ministry
Mandate over agriculture, including forestry and fisheries.
Focal point of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)
Forest Administn
Govt Department
Responsibilities include forest and wildlife inventory; protection and management of forest resource, and wildlife conservation.
Formerly known as Department of Forestry and Wildlife. Part of MAFF.
Cambodian Agricultural Research & Dev. Institute
Govt Research Institute
Research body for sustainable agricultural and economic development, with primary aim of food security through increased rice production.
National Committee on Disaster Management
Inter-ministerial Committee
Provides emergency relief and develops preventive measures to reduce loss of life and property from natural and human induced disasters.
Composed of members of relevant ministries and Armed Forces.
Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy
Government Ministry
Develops and manages energy policy, strategy and planning, including renewable energy.
National Institutions relevant for CC in Cambodia
Institution Type Relevant Objective Remarks
Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology
Govt Ministry
Responsibilities include development and implementation of water resource strategy, determination of water potential, collection and management of meteorological data.
WMO focal point.
Ministry of Public Works and Transport
Govt Ministry
Manages execution of national policy on public works, including roads, bridges, ports, railways, waterways and buildings.
Ministry of Health and National Malaria Centre
Govt Ministry
Mandate over public health. Ultimate objective to eliminate vector borne disease.
Council for the development of Cambodia
Govt Agency
One-stop service for rehabilitation, development, and investment activities. Facilitates and coordinates government-donor relations.
National Institutions relevant for CC in Cambodia
Source- MFAD
1. Review of institutional and policy landscape on DRR and CCAB. CCA Institutional and policy landscape
Cambodia CCA Institutional Mechanisms Policy, Plans and Statements on CCA
No comprehensive national plan or strategy National Adaptation Programme of Action to Climate
Change (NAPA) - 39 'no regret' adaptation projects
2. Review of DRR and CCA projects
Development Addressing Vulnerability
Climate Risk ManagementIntegration of
DRR intodevelopment
Information Generation
Integration/Application
for adaptation
2. Review of DRR and CCA projects
Development Addressing Vulnerability reduction
CRM (Information generation)
Integration of DRR into development
CRM (Integration/ Application for adaptation)
3.Enabling conditions for integrating DRR and CCAFive criteria identified for analysis of enabling environment for integrating DRR and CCA:
1) Political Commitment and Awareness
2) Policy and Institution Mechanisms
3) Integration of DRR into Development Process
4) Capacity to generate required Climate Risk Information (CRI)
5) Integration of CRI into development process
3.Enabling conditions for integrating DRR and CCACountries Political
Commitment & Awareness
Policy and Institution Mechanisms
Progress of Integrating DRR into Developmnt Process
Capacity for Climate Risk Information Generation
Integtation of CRI for for decision-making
Cambodia 4 3 4 2 2
Indonesia 4 3 4 4 4
Lao PDR 3 3 4 2 2
Myanmar 1 1 1 1 1
Philippines 5 5 4 3 3
Vietnam 5 5 5 2 3
4. Practical examples linking DRR and CCACambodia:
‘How to Reduce Drought Risk’ tool, combined with the participatory rural appraisal tools, used to identify likely causes of recent droughts in Mekong region.
Provides policy recommendations and a model for drought management at community level, as well as the framework for community-based drought management
4. Practical examples linking DRR and CCAIndonesia:
Climate Forecast Applications Programme
Agriculture: tail-end irrigated system; food security
Use of post 1950 climate variation analogs and temperature and precipitation trends for evolving community-based adaptation practices
2006 2007
BMG provide forecast in August/updated in October
Climate Team at Agriculture Office held meeting with related field staffs from related agencies to prepare action plans for managing possible flood and drought risk in 2007 and inputs for Regent for inter-sectoral meeting and instruction letter for sub-districts
Monitor climate and provide forecast onApril 2007
Select options and implement the selected option
Implement anticipation actions (early planting and accelerating WS planting)
Preparing program for supporting the action plans and socialization
Translation
Example of seasonal forecast application during the 2006-7 ENSO, Indramayu, Indonesia
EWS Assessment: Sri Lanka Delivery of locally-relevant climate information: Indonesia
New Climate ForecastRegion (DPM) for
Indramayu
DPM 6DPM 7
RAT A-2 HUJ AN BUL ANAN (m m )
0
5 0
1 0 01 5 0
2 0 02 5 0
3 0 0
3 5 04 0 0
J F M A M J J A S O N D
RAT A-2 HUJ AN BUL ANAN (m m )
0
5 01 0 0
1 5 0
2 0 0
2 5 03 0 0
3 5 0
4 0 0
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Old Climate ForecastRegion (DPM) for
Indramayu
EWS Assessment: Sri Lanka Delivery of locally-relevant climate information: Indonesia
Onset of dry season 2003
Dry season rainfall, 2003
EWS Assessment: Sri Lanka Delivery of locally-relevant climate information: Indonesia
Impact outlook
Farmers’ response plan
F A R M E R S
Farmer Groups
P1-1
P1-2P1-2 P1-2
F A R M E R S
Farmer Groups
P1-1P1-1
P1-2P1-2 P1-2P1-2P1-2 P1-2P1-2P1-2 P1-2
Stage 1: training of agricultural extension specialists (district level)
Stage 2: training of agricultural extension workers (sub-district)
Stage 3: training of heads of farmers groups
Stage 4: training of farmers
EWS Assessment: Sri Lanka
Continuous engagement with farmers: Climate field schools
4. Practical examples linking DRR and CCAPhilippines:
New CC legislation placing disaster risk reduction as the first line of defence against climate change risks
5. Guidance notes for implementing and sustaining DRR-CCA projects Climate Risk Management offers a
convergence between CCA-DRR
Outcomes versus Uncertainty
Decreasing knowledge about likelihoods
Decreasing knowledge about outcomes
Set of discrete outcomes
Continuum of outcomes
Outcomes poorly defined
Firm Probabilities
Shaky Probabilities
No Probabilities
Frequency distributions
Subjective probabilities
IGNORANCE
RISK
UNCERTAINTY
Conjecture
Adapted from Dessai and Hulme (2003)
5. Guidance notes for implementing and sustaining DRR-CCA projects
5. Guidance notes for implementing and sustaining DRR-CCA projects CRM a convergence between CCA-DRR
Extreme Climate Events a common element
Adaptation Deficits Approach
Under progress
ADAPTATION DEFICITS is a relevant approach
Firstly, address adaptation to climate variability manifested in extreme climate events
Anticipate climate change issues and build capacities of institutions- Climate Risk Information Systems
5. Guidance notes for implementing and sustaining DRR-CCA projects
Study Recent ExtremeEvent
If no impacts on society
Zero Gaps; Perfect System
ADAPTATION DEFICITS
Study Recent ExtremeEvent
If significant impacts on society
Indicates Gaps or Deficits
ADAPTATION DEFICITS
Address these Gaps
Review in next event
in iterative modeto perfect the system
Major Approaches, Tools and Methods for CCA and DRR
Area Approaches, Tools or Methods
Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)
Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA)National Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction (NPDRR)Strategic National Action Plan (SNAP) Working Group on Mainstreaming Disaster Reduction in Development (MDRD)Community-Based Disaster Risk Management/Reduction (CBDRM/CBDRR)Coastal Community Resilience (CCR)Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR)
Climate Change Adaptation (CCA)
National Communications (NCs)National Adaptation Plan of Action (NAPA)Climate Forecast Applications (CFA)Livelihoods Adaptation to Climate Change (LACC)Climate Risk Management (CRM)Climate Resilient Cities (CRC)
6. Conclusions on what defines good CCA Anticipation of risks and actions Incorporates precautionary principle Appreciation of gradual changes in environment
induced by CC, needing graduated response Managing current extreme climate events to manage
future CC impacts Institutional mechanisms to link science and societal
management systems Development incorporating present and future risks Addressing elements of exposure to current and future
risks and avoids maladaptation in future
Thank you