EN_1401

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BRITISH STANDARD BS EN1401-1:1998

The European Standard EN 1401-1:1998 has the status of aBritish Standard

ICS 83.140.30; 91.140.80

NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW

Plastics piping systems fornon-pressure undergrounddrainage and sewerage ÐUnplasticized poly(vinylchloride) (PVC-U) Ð

Part 1: Specifications for pipes, fittingsand the system

Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI

Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

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This British Standard, havingbeen prepared under thedirection of the Sector Board forMaterials and Chemicals, waspublished under the authority ofthe Standards Board and comesinto effect on 15 June 1998

BSI 1998

ISBN 0 580 29709 8

BS EN 1401-1:1998

Amendments issued since publication

Amd. No. Date Text affected

National foreword

This British Standard is the English language version of EN 1401-1:1998. Itsupersedes BS 5481:1977 which will be withdrawn on 3 October 1999. It partiallysupersedes BS 4660:1989, which will be withdrawn on 3 October 1999. BS 4660 willbe revised to continue to cover rodding eyes and other surface fittings not includedin this standard.

The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical CommitteePRI/61, Plastics piping systems and components, to Subcommittee PRI/61/1,Thermoplastics piping systems and components for non-pressure applications,which has the responsibility to:

Ð aid enquirers to understand the text;

Ð present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on theinterpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed;

Ð monitor related international and European developments and promulgatethem in the UK.

A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on requestto its secretary.

The responsible UK technical committee offers the following advice in respect ofthe contents of this standard.

1. Selection and application of stiffness classes

This document specifies three classes of pipes and fittings of differing stiffness,designated SN 8, SN 4 and SN 2 (see Tables 4 and 6).

From the viewpoint of installation, the SN 8 or SN 4 classes have to be used if thesystem is to be installed in accordance with BS 8301 or BS 5955-6 in order toachieve the intended resistance to long-term deformation.

If it is intended to use the other, less stiff (SN 2), class of pipe or fitting, theinstallation should first be subject to a structural design soil load calculation and theinstallation technique modified to suit the results of that calculation.

The appropriate calculation method is given in the national annex for BS EN 1295-1.The E modulus for the material should be taken as 3 000 MPa and 1 500 MPa for theshort-term and long-term values respectively.

Attention is also drawn to the `̀Materials selection manual for sewers, pumpingmains and manholes'' (reference WSA/FWR-04)1).

2. Marking requirements

For the marking requirements given in clause 12, some aspects lack an objectivebasis for assessment of conformity, and this may lead to dispute unlessmanufacturers and purchasers declare or agree on the implications of therequirements as applicable.

1) Published by the Foundation for Water Research, Allen House, The Listons, Liston Road, Marlow,Bucks SL7 1FD.



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i

BS EN 1401-1:1998

For the purposes of 12.1.1, pending issue of and reference to a related documentgiving the intended limits of storage/weathering/handling/installation conditions, theextent to which legibility has to be maintained is unclear.

For item a) of 12.1.1, there is no basis for assessment of conformity to `̀durable inuse'', which is subjective in the absence of any constraints or guidance on theconditions or period of use.

Likewise, for item b) of 12.1.1, there are no time limits set for the interval betweensale and installation, and therefore uncertainity as to how much resistance to lightexposure or other weathering aspects is considered necessary, prior to burial of themarked component or label.

In 12.1.2, the wording `̀not ... adversely influence the performance of the pipe orfitting'' could be argued as a reason to reject piping components which exhibitedany measurable deterioration, unless this requirement is clearly related to the abilityor otherwise of the component to continue to conform to the requirements of thestandard for the intended or agreed period and conditions of service.

Cross-references

The British Standards which implement international or European publicationsreferred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under thesection entitled `̀ International Standards Correspondence Index'', or using the `̀Find''facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue.

Where reference is made to specific details in a reference document, the date of therelevant edition should be provided, since the detail may not be consistent with alater edition. The responsible UK Technical Committee has noted that for thefollowing standards the editions cited here were those available at the date ofratification of EN 1401-1 by CEN (1997-08-03).

EN 743:1994 (separate references to methods A and B in Table 12);

EN 744:1995 (reference to type d 90 striker in Table 9);

EN 763:1994 (reference to method A in Table 13);

EN 921:1994 (reference to types a or b end caps in Tables 1 and 2);

EN 1055:1998 (reference to test assembly b) (Figure 2 ...) in Table 15.

EN 1277:1996 (separate references to condition B and condition C in Table 15);

EN 1411:1996 (reference to type d 90 striker in Table 10);

Warning note. This British Standard, which is identical with EN 1401-1:1998, doesnot necessarily detail all the precautions necessary to meet the requirements of theHealth and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974. Attention should be paid to any appropriatesafety precautions and the test methods should be operated only by trainedpersonnel.

A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.

Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunityfrom legal obligations.

Summary of pages

This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, theEN title page, pages 2 to 22, an inside back cover and a back cover.



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iiCopyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI


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CENEuropean Committee for Standardization

ComiteÂ EuropeÂen de Normalisation

EuropaÈisches Komitee fuÈ r Normung

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels

1998 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN nationalMembers.

Ref. No. EN 1401-1:1998 E

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1401-1

NORME EUROPEÂ ENNE

EUROPAÈ ISCHE NORM January 1998

ICS 23.040.01

Descriptors: Sanitation, drainpipes, sewers, collecting drain, pipe units, buried pipes, non-pressure pipes, plastic tubes, unplasticizedpolyvinyl chloride, pipe fittings, designation, dimensions, geometrical characteristics, symbols, specifications, creepproperties, chemical resistance

English version

Plastics piping systems for non-pressure underground drainageand sewerage Ð Unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) Ð

Part 1: Specifications for pipes, fittings and the system

SysteÁmes de canalisations en plastique pour lesbranchements et les collecteurs d'assainissemententerreÂs sans pression Ð Poly(chlorure de vinyle)non plastifieÂ (PVC-U) Ð Partie 1: SpeÂcificationspour tubes, raccords et le systeÁme

Kunststoff-Rohrleitungssysteme fuÈr erdverlegtedrucklose AbwasserkanaÈle und -leitungen ÐWeichmacherfreies Polyvinylchlorid (PVC-U) ÐTeil 1: Anforderungen an Rohre, FormstuÈcke unddas Rohrleitungssystem

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 August 1997.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulationswhich stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of anational standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographicalreferences concerning such national standards may be obtained on application tothe Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German).A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of aCEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has thesame status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, CzechRepublic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland andUnited Kingdom.



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Page 2EN 1401-1:1998

BSI 1998

Foreword

This European Standard has been prepared byTechnical Committee CEN/TC 155, Plastics pipingsystems and ducting systems, the Secretariat of whichis held by NNI.

It has been prepared in liaison with CEN/TC 165, Wastewater engineering.

This standard is a part of a system standard forplastics piping systems of a particular material for aspecified application. There are a number of suchsystem standards.

System standards are based on the results of the workundertaken in ISO/TC 138, Plastics pipes, fittings andvalves for the transport of fluids, which is a TechnicalCommittee of the International Organization forStandardization (ISO).

They are supported by separate standards on testmethods to which references are made throughout thesystem standard.

The system standards are consistent with generalstandards for functional requirements and onrecommended practice for installation.

EN 1401 consists of the following parts, under thegeneral title, Plastics piping systems for non-pressureunderground drainage and sewerage Ð Unplasticizedpoly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U):

Ð Part 1: Requirements for pipes, fittings and thesystem (the present standard);

Ð Part 2: Guidance for the assessment ofconformity (under preparation);

Ð Part 3: Guidance for installation (underpreparation).

This part of EN 1401 includes the following annexes:

Ð Annex A (normative): Utilization of non-virginmaterial;

Ð Annex B (informative): General characteristics ofPVC-U pipes and fittings;

Ð Annex C (informative): Bibliography.

For pipes and fittings which have conformed to therelevant national standard before the ratification of thisstandard, as shown by the manufacturer or by acertification body, the national standard may continueto apply as follows:

Ð for pipes and fabricated fittings until 1999-10-03;

Ð for injection-moulded fittings until 2002-10-03.

This European Standard shall be given the status of anational standard, either by publication of an identicaltext or by endorsement, at the latest by July 1998.

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations,the national standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this EuropeanStandard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark,Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland,Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

Contents

Page

Foreword 2

1 Scope 3

2 Normative references 3

3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations 4

4 Material 5

4.1 Raw material 5

4.2 Pipe material 5

4.3 Fitting material 5

4.4 Utilization of non-virgin materials 5

4.5 Sealing ring retaining means 5

5 General characteristics 6

5.1 Appearance 6

5.2 Colour 6

6 Geometrical characteristics 6

6.1 General 6

6.2 Dimensions of pipes 6

6.3 Dimensions of fittings 6

6.4 Dimensions of sockets and spigots 8

6.5 Types of fittings 12

7 Mechanical characteristics 14

7.1 Mechanical characteristics of pipes 14

7.2 Mechanical characteristics of fittings 14

8 Physical characteristics 14

8.1 Physical characteristics of pipes 14

8.2 Physical characteristics of fittings 14

9 Performance requirements 16

10 Sealing rings 16

11 Adhesives 16

12 Marking 16

12.1 General 16

12.2 Minimum required marking of pipes 17

12.3 Minimum required marking of fittings 17

12.4 Additional marking 17

Annex A (normative) Utilization ofnon-virgin material 19

Annex B (informative) Generalcharacteristics of PVC-U pipes and fittings 21

Annex C (informative) Bibliography 22



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Page 3EN 1401-1:1998

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1) This document is under revision.

1 ScopeThis part of EN 1401 specifies the requirements forpipes, fittings and the system of unplasticizedpoly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) piping systems in the fieldof non-pressure underground drainage and sewerage:

Ð outside the building structure (application areacode `̀U''); andÐ both buried in ground within the buildingstructure (application area code `̀D'') and outside thebuilding.

This is reflected in the marking of products by `̀U''and `̀UD''.It also specifies the test parameters for the testmethods referred to in this standard.This standard covers a range of nominal sizes, a rangeof pipes and fittings series and a range of stiffnessclasses and gives recommendations concerningcolours.NOTE 1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser or specifier tomake the appropriate selection from these aspects, taking intoaccount their particular requirements and any relevant nationalregulations and installation practices or codes.

In conjunction with part 2 and part 3 of EN 1401 it isapplicable to PVC-U pipes and fittings, their joints, andto joints with components of other plastics andnon-plastics materials intended to be used for buriedpiping systems for non-pressure underground drainageand sewerage.This standard is applicable to PVC-U pipes without asocket as well as pipes with an integral socket.The fittings can be manufactured by injection-mouldingor be fabricated from pipes and/or mouldings.Requirements and limiting values for application areacode `̀D'' are given in Table 4, Table 6, Table 13 andTable 15.NOTE 2 Pipes, fittings and other components conforming to anyof the plastics product standards listed in annex C can be usedwith pipes and fittings conforming to this standard, provided theyconform to the requirements for joint dimensions given in clause 6and to the requirements of Table 15.

2 Normative referencesThis Standard incorporates by dated or undatedreference, provisions from other publications.These normative references are cited at theappropriate places in the text and the publications arelisted hereafter. For dated references, subsequentamendments to or revisions of any of thesepublications apply to this standard only whenincorporated in it by amendment or revision. Forundated references the latest edition of the publicationreferred to applies.prEN 4961), Plastics piping systems Ð Plastics pipesand fittings Ð Measurement of dimensions andvisual inspection of surfaces.EN 580, Plastics piping systems Ð Unplasticizedpoly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) pipes Ð Test method forthe resistance to dichloromethane at a specifiedtemperature (DCMT).

EN 681-1, Elastomeric seals Ð Material requirementsfor pipe joint seals used in water and drainageapplications Ð Part 1: Vulcanized rubber.

prEN 681-2, Elastomeric seals Ð Materialrequirements for pipe joint seals used in water anddrainage applications Ð Part 2: Thermoplasticselastomers.

EN 727, Plastics piping and ducting systems ÐThermoplastics pipes and fittings Ð Determination ofVicat softening temperature (VST).

EN 743, Plastics piping and ducting systems ÐThermoplastics pipes Ð Determination of thelongitudinal reversion.

EN 744, Plastics piping and ducting systems ÐThermoplastics pipes Ð Test method for resistance toexternal blows by the round-the-clock method.

EN 763, Plastics piping and ducting systems ÐInjection-moulded thermoplastics fittings Ð Testmethod for visually assessing effects of heating.

EN 921, Plastics piping systems Ð Thermoplasticspipes Ð Determination of resistance to internalpressure at constant temperature.

EN 922, Plastics piping and ducting systems Ð Pipesand fittings of unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride)(PVC-U) Ð Specimen preparation for determination ofthe viscosity number and calculation of the K-value.

EN 1053, Plastics piping systems Ð Thermoplasticspiping systems for non-pressure applications Ð Testmethod for watertightness.

EN 1055, Plastics piping systems Ð Thermoplasticspiping systems for soil and waste discharge insidebuildings Ð Test method for resistance to elevatedtemperature cycling.

EN 1277, Plastics piping systems Ð Thermoplasticspiping systems for buried non-pressureapplications Ð Test method for leaktightness ofelastomeric sealing ring type joints.

EN 1411, Plastics piping and ducting systems ÐThermoplastics pipes Ð Determination of resistanceto external blows by the staircase method.

prEN 1905, Plastics piping systems Ð Unplasticizedpoly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) pipes and fittings andmaterial Ð Method for assessment of the PVC contentbased on total chlorine content.prEN 1989, Thermoplastics piping and ductingsystems Ð Joints for buried non-pressureapplications Ð Test method for long-term sealingperformance of joints with thermoplastics elastomer(TPE) seals by estimating the sealing pressure.

EN 10204:1991, Metallic products Ð Types ofinspection documents.

prEN 12061, Plastics piping systems Ð Thermoplasticsfittings Ð Test method for impact strength.

prEN 12256, Plastics piping systems Ð Thermoplasticsfittings Ð Test method for mechanical strength orflexibility of fabricated fittings.



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Page 4EN 1401-1:1998

BSI 1998

ISO 472:1988, Plastics Ð Vocabulary.

ISO 1043-1:1992, Plastics Ð Symbols Ð Part 1: Basicpolymers and their special characteristics.

ISO 1183:1987, Plastics Ð Methods for determining thedensity and relative density of non-cellular plastics.

3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations

3.1 Definitions

For the purpose of this standard, the followingdefinitions and those given in ISO 472:1988 andISO 1043-1:1992 apply.

3.1.1

application area code

a code used in the marking of pipes and fittings toindicate the application area for which they areintended, as follows:

U: application area code for the area more than 1 mfrom the building to which the buried piping systemis connected;

D: application area code for the area under andwithin 1 m from the building where the pipes andthe fittings are buried in ground and are connectedto the soil and waste discharge system of thebuilding.

NOTE In code D application areas, the existence of hot waterdischarge in addition to the external forces from the surroundingsis usual.

3.1.2

nominal size DN

a numerical designation of the size of a component,other than a component designated by thread size,which is approximately equal to the manufacturingdimension, in millimetres (mm)

3.1.3

nominal size DN/OD

nominal size, related to the outside diameter

3.1.4

nominal outside diameter (dn)

the specified outside diameter, in millimetres, assignedto a nominal size DN/OD

3.1.5

outside diameter (de)

the value of the measurement of the outside diameterthrough its cross-section at any point of a pipe orspigot, rounded to the next greater 0,1 mm

3.1.6

mean outside diameter (dem)

the value of the measurement of the outercircumference of a pipe or spigot end of a fitting inany cross-section, divided by p (≈ 3,142), rounded tothe next greater 0,1 mm

3.1.7

mean inside diameter of a socket (dsm)

the arithmetical mean of a number of measurements ofthe inside diameter of a socket in the samecross-section

3.1.8

out-of-roundness (ovality)

the difference between the measured maximum andthe measured minimum outside diameter in the samecross-section of a component

3.1.9

wall thickness (e)

the value of the measurement of the wall thickness atany point around the circumference of a component

3.1.10

mean wall thickness (em)

the arithmetical mean of a number of measurements ofthe wall thickness, regularly spaced around thecircumference and in the same cross-section of acomponent, including the measured minimum and themeasured maximum values of the wall thickness inthat cross-section

3.1.11

standard dimension ratio (SDR)

a numerical designation of a pipe series, which is aconvenient round number, approximately equal to thedimension ratio of the nominal outside diameter, dn,and the nominal wall thickness, en

3.1.12

nominal ring stiffness (SN)

a numerical designation, of the ring stiffness of a pipeor fitting, which is a convenient round number, relativeto the determined stiffness in kilonewtons per squaremetre (kN/m2), indicating the minimum ring stiffnessof a pipe or fitting

3.2 Symbols

A length of engagement

a circumferential side cover of a saddle branch

B length of lead-in

C depth of sealing zone

DN nominal size

DN/OD nominal size, outside diameter related

de outside diameter

dem mean outside diameter

dn nominal outside diameter

dsm mean inside diameter of a socket

d3 internal diameter of the groove

e wall thickness

em mean wall thickness

e2 wall thickness of a socket

e3 wall thickness in the groove area

f groove width

H length of chamfer

L axial cover of a saddle branch

l effective length of a pipe



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Page 5EN 1401-1:1998

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Table 1 Ð Material characteristics of pipes

Characteristic Requirements Test parameters Testmethod

Resistance tointernalpressure

No failureduring thetest period

End capsTest temperatureOrientationNumber of test peicesCircumferential (hoop) stressConditioning periodType of testTest period

Type a or b60 8CFree310 MPa

1 hWater-in-water1 000 h

EN 921

Table 2 Ð Material characteristics of fittings

Characteristic Requirements Test parameters Testmethod

Resistance tointernalpressure

No failureduring thetest period

End capsDimensions

Type a or b50 mm # dn # 110 mm3 mm # e # 5 mm

EN 921

Free length for injection-moulded pipeTest temperatureOrientationNumber of test piecesCircumferential (hoop) stressConditioning periodType of testTest period

$ 140 mm

60 8CFree36,3 MPa1 hWater-in-water1 000 h

L1 length of spigot

L2 length of the solvent cement socket

M length of spigot of a plug

R radius of swept fittings

Z design length of a fitting

a nominal angle of a fitting

3.3 Abbreviations

PVC-U unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride)

SDR standard dimension ratio

SN nominal ring stiffness

TIR true impact rate

4 Material

4.1 Raw material

The raw material shall be PVC-U to which are addedthose additives that are needed to facilitate themanufacture of components conforming to therequirements of this standard.

When calculated on the basis of a known formulation,or in case of dispute or unknown formulation,determined in accordance with prEN 1905, thePVC-content shall be at least 80 % by mass for pipesand 85 % by mass for injection-moulded fittings.

4.2 Pipe material

When tested in accordance with the test method asspecified in Table 1, using the indicated parameters, thepipe material shall have characteristics conforming tothe requirements given in Table 1.

The pipe material shall be tested in the form of a pipe.

4.3 Fitting material

When tested in accordance with the test method asspecified in Table 2, using the indicated parameters, thefitting material shall have characteristics conforming tothe requirements given in Table 2.

The fitting material shall be tested, in the actualformulation, in the form of an extruded orinjection-moulded pipe.

Fabricated fittings or parts of fabricated fittings shallbe made from pipes conforming to this standard,except for the requirements for the wall thickness,and/or mouldings from PVC-U which conform tomaterial, mechanical and physical characteristics asrequired in this standard.

4.4 Utilization of non-virgin materialsConditions and requirements for the utilization ofnon-virgin materials are given in annex A.

4.5 Sealing ring retaining meansIt is permitted that sealing rings are retained usingmeans made from polymers other than PVC-U.



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Page 6EN 1401-1:1998

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2) According to the colour register RAL 840-HR.

5 General characteristics5.1 Appearance

When viewed without magnification, the followingrequirements apply:

Ð the internal and external surfaces of pipes andfittings shall be smooth, clean and free fromgrooving, blistering, impurities and pores and anyother surface irregularity likely to prevent theirconformity to this standard;

Ð pipe ends shall be cleanly cut and the ends ofpipes and fittings shall be square to their axis.

5.2 Colour

The pipes and fittings shall be coloured throughthe wall.

The colour should preferably be orange-brown(approximately RAL 8023)2) or dusty grey(approximately RAL 7037)2). Other colours may beused.

6 Geometrical characteristics6.1 General

Dimensions shall be measured in accordance withprEN 496.NOTE The figures are schematic sketches only, to indicate therelevant dimensions. They do not necessarily represent themanufactured components.

6.2 Dimensions of pipes

6.2.1 Outside diametersThe mean outside diameter, dem, shall conform toTable 3.

Table 3 Ð Mean outside diameters

Dimensions in millimetres

Nominalsize

Nominal outsidediameter

Mean outsidediameter

DN/OD1) dn dem,min. dem,max.

110 110 110,0 110,3

125 125 125,0 125,3

160 160 160,0 160,4

200 200 200,0 200,5

250 250 250,0 250,5

315 315 315,0 315,6

(355) 355 355,0 355,7

400 400 400,0 400,7

(450) 450 450,0 450,8

500 500 500,0 500,9

630 630 630,0 631,1

(710) 710 710,0 711,2

800 800 800,0 801,3

(900) 900 900,0 901,5

1 000 1 000 1 000,0 1 001,61) Non-preferred sizes are indicated in parenthesis.

6.2.2 Out-of-roundness

The out-of-roundness, measured directly afterproduction, shall be less than or equal to 0,024dn.

6.2.3 Length of pipes

The effective length of a pipe, l, shall be not less thanthat declared by the manufacturer when measured asshown in Figure 1.

6.2.4 Chamfering

If a chamfer is applied, the angle of chamfering shallbe between 158 and 458 to the axis of the pipe(see Figure 2 and Table 5 or Figure 7 and Table 8, asapplicable).

The remaining wall thickness of the end of the pipeshall be at least î of emin..

6.2.5 Wall thicknesses

The wall thickness, e, shall conform to Table 4, wherea maximum wall thickness at any point up to 1,2emin. ispermitted provided that the mean wall thickness, em, isless than or equal to the specified em,max..

6.3 Dimensions of fittings

6.3.1 Outside diameters

The mean outside diameter, dem, of the spigot shallconform to Table 3.

The out-of-roundness shall conform to therequirements given in 6.2.2.

6.3.2 Design lengths (Z)

The Z-length(s) of fittings (see Figures 8 to 11 andFigures 13 to 18) shall be given by the manufacturer.NOTE The Z-lengths are intended to assist in the design ofmoulds and are not intended to be used for quality controlpurposes. ISO 265-1:1988 can be used as a guideline.

6.3.3 Wall thicknesses

6.3.3.1 The minimum wall thickness, emin., of thebody or the spigot of a fitting shall conform to Table 4,except that a reduction of 5 % resulting from coreshifting is permitted. In such a case, the average of twoopposite wall thicknesses shall be equal to or exceedthe values given in Table 4.

6.3.3.2 Where a fitting or adaptor provides for atransition between two nominal sizes, the wallthickness of each connecting part shall conform to therequirements for the applicable nominal size. In sucha case, the wall thickness of the fitting body ispermitted to change gradually from the one wallthickness to the other.

6.3.3.3 The wall thickness of the cover of the saddlebranch (see Figure 18) shall be equal or greater thanemin. of the applicable size and series (see Table 4) ofthe inlet.

6.3.3.4 The wall thickness of fabricated fittings,except for spigot and socket, may be changed locallyby the fabrication process, providing that the minimumwall thickness of the body conforms to e3,min., as givenin Table 6, as appropriate for the SDR concerned.



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Figure 1 Ð Effective length of pipes

Table 4 Ð Wall thicknesses


Nominal sizeDN/OD1)

Nominaloutside

diameter

SN 2SDR 512)

SN 4SDR 41

SN 8SDR 34

dn emin. em,max. emin. em,max. emin. em,max.

110 110 Ð Ð 3,2 3,8 3,2 3,8

125 125 Ð Ð 3,2 3,8 3,7 4,3

160 160 3,2 3,8 4,0 4,6 4,7 5,4

200 200 3,9 4,5 4,9 5,6 5,9 6,7

250 250 4,9 5,6 6,2 7,1 7,3 8,3

315 315 6,2 7,1 7,7 8,7 9,2 10,4

(355) 355 7,0 7,9 8,7 9,8 10,4 11,7

400 400 7,9 8,9 9,8 11,0 11,7 13,1

(450) 450 8,8 9,9 11,0 12,3 13,2 14,8

500 500 9,8 11,0 12,3 13,8 14,6 16,3

630 630 12,3 13,8 15,4 17,2 18,4 20,5

(710) 710 13,9 15,5 17,4 19,4 Ð Ð

800 800 15,7 17,5 19,6 21,8 Ð Ð

(900) 900 17,6 19,6 22,0 24,4 Ð Ð

1 000 1 000 19,6 21,8 24,5 27,2 Ð Ð1) Non-preferred sizes are indicated in parenthesis.

2) SDR 51 is applicable for application area code `̀ U'' only.



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Page 8EN 1401-1:1998

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Table 5 Ð Diameters and lengths of elastomeric ring seal sockets and spigots


Nominal sizeDN/OD1)


Socket Spigot

dn dsm,min. Amin. Cmax. L1,min. H 2)

110 110 110,4 32 26 60 6

125 125 125,4 35 26 67 6

160 160 160,5 42 32 81 7

200 200 200,6 50 40 99 9

250 250 250,8 55 70 125 9

315 315 316,0 62 70 132 12

(355) 355 356,1 66 70 136 13

(400) 400 401,2 70 80 150 15

(450) 450 451,4 75 80 155 17

500 500 501,5 80 803) 160 18

630 630 631,9 93 953) 188 23

(710) 710 712,1 101 1093) 210 28

800 800 802,4 110 1103) 220 32

(900) 900 902,7 120 1253) 245 36

1 000 1 000 1 003,0 130 1403) 270 411) Non-preferred sizes are indicated in parenthesis.

2) Approximate values, when a 158 chamfer is applied.

3) Higher values for C are allowed, provided the manufacturer states in his documentation the actual required L1,min. according to theequation L1,min. = Amin. + C.

6.4 Dimensions of sockets and spigots

6.4.1 Elastomeric ring seal sockets and spigots

6.4.1.1 Diameters and lengths

The diameters and lengths of elastomeric ring sealsockets and spigots shall conform to Table 5 (seeFigures 2, 3 or 4 as applicable).

Where sealing rings are firmly retained, the dimensionsfor the minimum value for A and the maximum valuefor C shall be measured to the effective sealing point(see Figure 4) as specified by the manufacturer. Thispoint shall give a full sealing action.

Different designs of elastomeric ring seal sockets andspigots are permitted, provided the joints conform tothe requirements given in Table 15.

6.4.1.2 Wall thicknesses of sockets

The wall thicknesses of sockets, e2 and e3 (seeFigure 2), except the socket mouth, shall conform toTable 6.

A reduction of 5 % of e2 and e3 resulting from coreshifting is permitted.

In such a case the average of two opposite wallthicknesses shall be equal to or exceed the valuesgiven in Table 6.

Where a sealing ring is located by means of a retainingcap or ring (see Figure 5) the wall thickness in thisarea shall be calculated by addition of the wallthickness of the socket and the wall thickness of theretaining cap or ring at the corresponding places in thesame cross-section.

6.4.1.3 Dimensions for `̀ O-ring type'' sockets

The dimensions of `̀O-ring type'' sockets shall conformto Table 7 (see Figure 6).

6.4.2 Solvent cement sockets and spigots

6.4.2.1 Diameters and lengths

The diameters and lengths of solvent cement socketsand spigots (see Figure 7) shall conform to Table 8.

The manufacturer shall declare whether the socket isdesigned tapered or parallel. If parallel or near parallel,the mean inside diameter of the socket, dsm, shallapply over the entire length of the socket. If the socketis tapered, then the limits for dsm shall apply at themid point of the socket with a maximum taper angleof 209 (minutes) to the axis of the socket.

6.4.2.2 Wall thicknesses sockets

The wall thicknesses of sockets, e2 (see Figure 7), shallconform to Table 6.



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Figure 2 Ð Basic dimensions of sockets and spigots for elastomeric ring seal joints

Figure 3 Ð Typical groove designs for elastomeric ring seal sockets

Figure 4 Ð Example for measuring the effective sealing point



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Table 6 Ð Wall thicknesses of sockets


Nominal sizeDN/OD1)


SN 2SDR 512)

SN 4SDR 41

SN 8SDR 34

dn e2,min. e3,min. e2,min. e3,min. e2,min. e3,min.

110 110 Ð Ð 2,9 2,4 2,9 2,4

125 125 Ð Ð 2,9 2,4 3,4 2,8

160 160 2,9 2,4 3,6 3,0 4,3 3,6

200 200 3,6 3,0 4,4 3,7 5,4 4,5

250 250 4,5 3,7 5,5 4,7 6,6 5,5

315 315 5,6 4,7 6,9 5,8 8,3 6,9

(355) 355 6,3 5,3 7,8 6,6 9,4 7,8

400 400 7,1 6,0 8,8 7,4 10,6 8,8

(450) 450 8,0 6,6 9,9 8,3 11,9 9,9

500 500 8,9 7,4 11,1 9,3 13,2 11,0

630 630 11,1 9,3 13,9 11,6 16,6 13,8

(710) 710 12,6 10,5 15,7 13,1 Ð Ð

800 800 14,1 11,8 17,7 14,7 Ð Ð

(900) 900 16,0 13,2 19,8 16,5 Ð Ð

1 000 1 000 17,8 14,7 22,0 18,4 Ð Ð1) Non-preferred sizes are indicated in parenthesis.

2) SDR 51 is applicable for application area code `̀ U'' only.

Figure 5 Ð Example for calculation of the wallthickness of sockets with retaining cap

Figure 6 Ð Basic dimensions for ``O-ringtype'' sockets



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Table 7 Ð Dimensions of ``O-ring type'' sockets


Nominal sizeDN/OD1)


Socket Groove

dn dsm,max. Bmin. d3,min. d3,max. fmin. fmax.

110 110 110,9 6 120,3 121,3 9,1 11,1

125 125 125,9 7 137,1 138,2 10,4 12,6

160 160 161,0 9 173,8 175,0 11,7 14,1

200 200 201,1 12 215,6 217,0 13,0 15,8

250 250 252,0 18 272,9 274,5 19,5 26,7

315 315 317,3 20 338,9 340,9 20,8 28,4

(355) 355 357,5 22 383,0 385,2 22,5 30,5

400 400 402,8 24 427,1 429,5 24,1 32,6

(450) 450 453,5 26 480,2 482,8 27,0 36,3

500 500 503,5 28 533,2 536,0 29,9 39,9

630 630 633,9 34 669,6 673,0 34,4 46,4

(710) 710 714,1 38 753,8 757,0 39,0 52,11) Non-preferred sizes are indicated in parenthesis.

Figure 7 Ð Basic dimensions of sockets and spigots for solvent cement joints

Table 8 Ð Diameters and lengths of solvent cement sockets and spigots


Nominal sizeDN/OD


Socket Spigot

dn dsm,min. dsm,max. L2,min. L1,min. H1)

110 110 110,2 110,6 48 54 6

125 125 125,2 125,7 51 61 6

160 160 160,3 160,8 58 74 7

200 200 200,4 200,9 66 90 91) Approximate values, when a 158 chamfer is applied.



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Figure 8 Ð Bend withsingle socket (unswept)

Figure 9 Ð Bend with allsockets (unswept)

Figure 10 Ð Bend with singlesocket (swept)

Figure 11 Ð Bend with allsockets (swept)

6.5 Types of fittings

This standard is applicable for the following types offittings. Other designs of fittings are permitted.

a) Bends (see Figures 8, 9, 10 or 11):

Ð unswept or swept angle (see ISO 265-1:1988);

Ð spigot/socket and socket/socket.NOTE 1 Preferred nominal angles a are the following:158, 308, 458, 678 309, 878 309 to 908.

b) Couplers and slip couplers (see Figure 12);

c) Reducers (see Figure 13);

d) Branches and reducing branches(see Figures 14, 15, 16 or 17):

Ð unswept or swept angle (see ISO 265-1:1988);

Ð spigot/socket and socket/socket.NOTE 2 Preferred nominal angles a are the following: 458, 678309, 878 309 to 908.

e) Saddle branches (see Figure 18):

Ð nominal angle a may be equal to 878 309 to 908only when dn2/dn1# 2/3;

Ð minimum axial cover L:


dn2 110 125 160 200

Lmin. 50 60 70 80

Ð for saddles having dn1 < 315 mm, the covershall be not less than half a circumference;

Ð for saddles having dn1$ 315 mm, the sidecover a shall not be less than 80 mm.

NOTE 3 Preferred nominal angle a is: 458.

f) Plugs (see Figure 19);

Ð minimum length of spigot,Mmin. = (Cmax. + 10) mm (see Table 5).



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Figure 12 Ð Coupler

Figure 13 Ð Reducer

Figure 14 Ð Branch (unswept)

Figure 15 Ð Branch with allsockets (unswept)

Figure 16 Ð Reducing branch (swept)

Figure 17 Ð Reducing branchwith all sockets (swept)



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Figure 18 Ð Saddle branch

Table 9 Ð General mechanical characteristics of pipes

Characteristic Requirements Test parameters Test method

Impact resistance1)

(round-the-clockmethod)

TIR # 10 % Test/conditioningtemperatureConditioning mediumType of strikerMass of striker for:

dn = 110 mmdn = 125 mmdn = 160 mmdn = 200 mmdn = 250 mmdn = 315 mm

Fall height of striker for:dn = 110 mmdn $ 125 mm

0 8C

Water or aird 90

1,0 kg1,25 kg1,6 kg2,0 kg2,5 kg3,2 kg

1 600 mm2 000 mm

EN 744

1) If the manufacturer chooses to use indirect testing (see prEN 1401-2), the preferred temperature is (23 ± 2) 8C.

Figure 19 Ð Plug

7 Mechanical characteristics

7.1 Mechanical characteristics of pipes

7.1.1 General requirements

When tested in accordance with the test method asspecified in Table 9 using the indicated parameters, thepipe shall have general mechanical characteristicsconforming to the requirements given in Table 9.

7.1.2 Additional mechanical requirements

Pipes intended to be used in areas where installation isusually carried out at temperatures below 210 8C, shallconform to the requirements of an impact test(staircase method) as specified in Table 10 and shall bemarked with the symbol of an ice crystal in

accordance with Table 16.

7.2 Mechanical characteristics of fittings

When tested in accordance with the test methods asspecified in Table 11 using the indicated parameters,the fitting shall have mechanical characteristicsconforming to the requirements given in Table 11.

8 Physical characteristics

8.1 Physical characteristics of pipes

When tested in accordance with the test methods asspecified in Table 12 using the indicated parameters,the pipe shall have physical characteristics conformingto the requirements given in Table 12.

8.2 Physical characteristics of fittings

When tested in accordance with the test methods asspecified in Table 13 and Table 14 using the indicatedparameters, the fitting shall have physicalcharacteristics conforming to the requirements given inTable 13 and/or Table 14, as applicable.



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Table 10 Ð Additional mechanical characteristics of pipes


Impact resistance(staircasemethod)

H50$ 1mMax. one breakbelow 0,5 m

Test/conditioning temperatureType of strikerMass of striker for:

dn = 110 mmdn = 125 mmdn = 160 mmdn = 200 mmdn $ 250 mm

0 8Cd 90

4 kg5 kg8 kg

10 kg12,5 kg

EN 1411

Table 11 Ð Mechanical characteristics of fittings


Mechanicalstrength orflexibility1)

No sign ofsplitting,cracking,separation,and/or leakage

Test periodMinimum moment for:

[DN] # 250[DN] > 250

orMinimum displacement

15 min

0,15[DN]3 3 1026 kN⋅m

0,01[DN] kN⋅m170 mm

prEN 12256

Impact strength(drop test)

No damage Test/conditioning temperatureFall height for:

dn = 110 mmdn = 125 mmdn = 160 mmdn = 200 mm

Point of impact

0 8C

1 000 mm1 000 mm

500 mm500 mm

Mouth of the socket

prEN 12061

1) Only for fabricated fittings made from more than one piece. A sealing ring retaining means is not considered as a piece.

Table 12 Ð Physical characteristics of pipes


Vicat softeningtemperature (VST)

$ 79 8C Shall conform to EN 727 EN 727

Longitudinalreversion

# 5 %The pipe shallexhibit no bubblesor cracks

Test temperatureImmersion time for:

e # 8 mme > 8 mm

150 8C

15 min30 min

Method A ofEN 743:Liquid

or

Test temperatureImmersion time for:

e # 4 mm4 mm < e # 16 mm

e > 16 mm

150 8C

30 min60 min

120 min

Method B ofEN 743:Air

Resistance todichloromethane ata specifiedtemperature

No attack at anypart of the surfaceof the test piece

Test temperatureImmersion time

15 8C30 min

EN 580



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Table 13 Ð Physical characteristics of fittings


Vicat softeningtemperature (VST)

$ 77 8C1) Shall conform to EN 727 EN 727

Effects of heating 2) and 3) Test temperatureHeating time for:

e # 10 mme > 10 mm

150 8C

30 min60 min

Method A ofEN 763:Air oven

1) VST $ 79 8C for application area code `̀ D'' and for dn less than or equal to 200 mm.

2) a) Within a radius of 15 times the wall thickness around the injection point(s), the depth of cracks, delamination or blisters shall notexceed 50 % of the wall thickness at that point.

b) Within a distance of 10 times the wall thickness from the diaphragm zone, the depth of cracks, delamination or blisters shall notexceed 50 % of the wall thickness at that point.

c) Within a distance of 10 times the wall thickness from the ring gate, the length of cracks shall not exceed 50 % of the wallthickness at that point.

d) The weld line shall not have opened more than 50 % of the wall thickness at the line.

e) In all other parts of the surface the depth of cracks and delaminations shall not exceed 30 % of the wall thickness at that point.Blisters shall not exceed a length 10 times the wall thickness.

3) After cutting through the fitting, the cut surfaces shall show no foreign particles, when viewed without magnification.

Table 14 Ð Physical characteristics of fabricated fittings


Watertightness1) No leakage Water pressure 0,5 bar EN 1053

Duration 1 min1) Only for fabricated fittings made from more than one piece. A sealing ring retaining means is not considered as a piece.

9 Performance requirementsWhen tested in accordance with the test methods asspecified in Table 15 using the indicated parameters,the joints and the system shall have `̀ fitness forpurpose'' characteristics conforming to therequirements given in Table 15.

10 Sealing rings

10.1 The sealing ring shall have no detrimental effectson the properties of the pipe and the fitting and shallnot cause the test assembly to fail to conform toTable 15.

10.2 Materials for sealing rings shall conform toEN 681-1 or prEN 681-2, as applicable.

10.3 Thermoplastics elastomeric (TPE) seals shalladditionally conform to the long-term performancerequirements as specified in Table 15.

11 AdhesivesThe adhesive shall be solvent cement and shall be asspecified by the manufacturer of pipes or fittings.

The adhesive shall have no detrimental effects on theproperties of the pipe and of the fitting and shall notcause the test assembly to fail to conform to Table 15.

12 Marking

12.1 General

12.1.1 Marking elements shall be printed or formeddirectly on the component or be on a label, in such away that after storage, weathering and handling andinstallation, the required legibility is maintained.

One of the following three levels of legibility of themarking on components is specified for the individualmarking aspects given in the column `̀Minimumdurability of legibility of marking'' in Tables 16 and 17.The required durability of marking is coded withdecreasing stringency as follows:

a) durable in use;

b) legible until the system is installed;

c) marking on the packaging, legible until thecomponent is installed.

NOTE The manufacturer is not responsible for marking beingillegible, due to actions caused during installation and use suchas painting, scratching, covering of the components or by useof detergents, etc. on the components unless agreed orspecified by the manufacturer.

12.1.2 Marking shall not initiate cracks or other typesof defects which adversely influence the performanceof the pipe or the fitting.

Marking by indentation reducing the wall thickness notmore than 0,25 mm shall be deemed to conform to thisclause without infringing the requirements for the wallthickness given in 6.2.



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Table 15 Ð Performance requirements


Tightness ofelastomeric sealingring joints

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Test temperatureSpigot deflectionSocket deflectionDifference

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

(23 ± 5) 8C$ 10 %$ 5 %$ 5 %

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Method 4 ofEN 1277,Condition B

No leakage- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Water pressure- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

0,05 bar- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

No leakage- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Water pressure- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

0,5 bar- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

# 20,27 bar Air pressure 20,3 bar

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Test temperatureAngular deflection for:

dn # 315 mm315 mm < dn # 630 mm

dn > 630 mm- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

(23 ± 5) 8C

281,5818- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Method 4 ofEN 1277,condition C

No leakage- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Water pressure- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

0,05 bar- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

No leakage- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Water pressure- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

0,5 bar- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

# 20,27 bar Air pressure 20,3 bar

Elevatedtemperaturecycling1)

No leakage Shall conform to EN 1055 EN 1055 using testassembly b)(Figure 2)

Long-termperformance ofTPE seals

Sealing pressure:1) at 90 days:

$ 1,3 bar2) by extrapolationto 100 years:

$ 0,6 bar

Test temperature (23 ± 5) 8C prEN 1989

1) Test required only for components intended to be used for application area code `̀ D'' and for dn less than or equal to 200 mm.

12.1.3 If printing is used, the colouring of the printedinformation shall differ from the basic colouring of thepipe or fitting.

12.1.4 The size of the marking shall be such that themarking is legible without magnification.

12.2 Minimum required marking of pipes

Pipes shall be marked at intervals of maximum 2 m, atleast once per pipe.

The minimum required marking of pipes shall conformto Table 16.

12.3 Minimum required marking of fittings

The minimum required marking of fittings shallconform to Table 17.

12.4 Additional marking

12.4.1 Pipes and fittings conforming to this standard,which also conform to other standard(s), may beadditionally marked with the minimum requiredmarking in accordance with this/those otherstandard(s).

12.4.2 Pipes and fittings conforming to this standardwhich are third party certified, may be markedaccordingly.

NOTE Attention is drawn to the possible need to include CEmarking when required for legislative purposes.



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Table 16 Ð Minimum required marking of pipes

Aspects Marking or symbols Minimum durability of legibilityof marking

± Number of standard EN 1401 a

± Application area code Either U or UD a

± Manufacturer's name and/or trade mark XXX a

± Nominal size e.g. 200 a

± Minimum wall thickness or SDR e.g. either 4,9 or SDR 41 a

± Material Either PVC-U or PVC a

± Nominal ring stiffness e.g. SN 4 a

± Manufacturer's information 1) a

± Cold climate performance2)(ice crystal) b

1) For providing traceability the following details shall be given:

a) the production period, year and month, in figures or in code;

b) a name or code for the production site if the manufacturer is producing on different sites, nationally and/or internationally.

2) This marking is only applicable to pipes which, by testing, have been proven to conform to 7.1.2.

Table 17 Ð Minimum required marking of fittings

Aspects Marking or symbols Minimum durability oflegibility of marking

± Number of standard EN 1401 b

± Application area code Either U or UD a

± Manufacturer's name and/or trade mark XXX a

± Nominal size e.g. 200 a

± Nominal angle e.g. 458 b

± Minimum wall thickness or SDR e.g. either 4,9 or SDR 41 b

± Material Either PVC-U or PVC a

± Manufacturer's information 1) b1) For providing traceability the following details shall be given:

a) the production period, year, in figures or in code;

b) a name or code for the production site if the manufacturer is producing on different sites, nationally and/or internationally.



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Annex A (normative)

Utilization of non-virgin material

A.1 Material definitions

A.1.1

virgin material

material in a form such as granules or powder that hasnot been subjected to use or processing other thanthat required for its manufacture and to which noreprocessable or recyclable material has been added

A.1.2

own reprocessable material

material prepared from rejected unused pipes orfittings, including trimmings from the production ofpipes or fittings, that will be reprocessed in amanufacturer's plant after having been previouslyprocessed by the same manufacturer by a process suchas moulding or extrusion, and for which the completeformulation is known

A.1.3

external reprocessable material

material comprising either one of the following forms:

a) material from rejected unused pipes or fittings ortrimmings, that will be reprocessed and that wereoriginally processed by another manufacturer;

b) material from the production of unused PVC-Uproducts other than pipes and fittings, regardless ofwhere they are manufactured

A.1.4

recyclable material

material comprising either of the following forms:

a) material from used pipes or fittings which havebeen cleaned and crushed or ground;

b) material from used PVC-U products other thanpipes or fittings which have been cleaned andcrushed or ground

A.2 Reprocessable and recyclable material

NOTE For the purposes of this clause, the term `̀ pipes'' meansextruded pipes and any parts of a fabricated fitting which is madefrom an extruded pipe. The term fitting means injection-mouldedfittings and injection-moulded parts of a fabricated fitting.

A.2.1 Own reprocessable material

The use of clean own reprocessable material for theproduction of pipes and fittings is permitted withoutlimitation. If fitting material is used for the productionof pipes it shall be considered as recyclable material.

A.2.2 External reprocessable and recyclablematerials with agreed specification

A.2.2.1 Material from PVC-U pipes and fittings

External reprocessable and recyclable material, with anagreed specification from PVC-U pipes and fittings thatare available in relevant quantities and intervals oftime, is permitted to be added to virgin or ownreprocessable material or a mixture of those twomaterials for the production of pipes provided that allthe following conditions are met.

a) A specification for each material shall be agreedbetween the supplier of external reprocessable orrecyclable material and the pipe manufacturer. Itshall at least cover the characteristics given inTable A.1.

When determined in accordance with the testmethods given in Table A.1, the actual values forthese characteristics shall conform to the agreedvalue and the permitted deviations shall conform tothose given in Table A.1.

The quality plan of the supplier of externalreprocessable or recyclable material should conformto EN ISO 9002.

NOTE For the purposes of A.2.2.1, the manufacturer isresponsible for claiming and ensuring that the quality planconforms to, or is no less stringent than, the relevantrequirements of EN ISO 9002: it is not essential for themanufacturer to be approved and registered for operation inaccordance with EN ISO 9002.

Table A.1 Ð Specification of characteristicsto be covered by the agreement and

permitted deviations for thesecharacteristics

Characteristic Permitteddeviations

Test method

PVC-content1) ±4 % absoluteby mass

prEN 1905

K-value1) ±3 units EN 922

Density1) ±20 kg/m3 ISO 1183:1987

Vicat softeningtemperature(VST)1)

±2 8C EN 727

Particle size2) Requirements and test methodshall be agreed and stated in thespecification.

Type ofstabilizer1) 2)

Requirements and test methodshall be agreed and stated in thespecification.

Impurities2) Based on the source of materialand the recycling process, arelevant test method andrequirements shall be agreed andstated in the specification.Both the test method and therequirements shall be published.

1) If the source of the material is pipes and fittings producedunder a European nationally recognized quality mark or aEuropean quality mark, it is not required to test thesematerial characteristics if the requirement covered by thequality mark conforms to the requirement given in this table.

2) The relevant requirements and test method depend on therecycling process and on the end product.

b) Each delivery shall be covered by a certificateaccording to 3.1.B of EN 10204:1991, showingconformity to the agreed specification.

c) The maximum quantity of external reprocessableand recyclable material that is intended to be addedshall be specified by the pipe manufacturer.



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d) The quantity of external reprocessable andrecyclable material that is actually added in eachproduction series shall be recorded by the pipemanufacturer.

e) The PVC content of the end product shallconform to the requirements specified in 4.1.

f) Type testing shall be carried out on the endproduct with the maximum specified amount andwith each form of external reprocessable orrecyclable material with an agreed specification.

Approved results shall be taken as proving conformityalso of components containing lower levels of externalor recyclable material.

A.2.2.2 Material from PVC-U products other thanpipes and fittingsExternal reprocessable and recyclable material with anagreed specification from PVC-U bottles or windowframes that are available in relevant quantities andintervals of time is permitted to be added to virgin orown reprocessable material or a mixture of those twomaterials for the production of pipes and fittingsprovided that all the following conditions are met:

a) the material shall conform to all the conditionsgiven in a) to f), inclusive, of A.2.2.1, and to all ofthe additional characteristics and requirements givenin Table A.2.

Table A.2 Ð Requirements for externalreprocessable and recyclable material from

PVC-U products other than pipes andfittings

Characteristic Requirements Test method

PVC-content $ 80 % by mass prEN 1905

K-value 56# K-value # 70 EN 922

Density 1 390 kg/m3

# density# 1 500 kg/m3

ISO 1183:1987

Vicat softeningtemperature(VST)

$ 62 8 C EN 727

Impurities # 1 500 ppm forparticle size# 1 000 mm

1)

# 1 500 ppmfor 1 000 mm< particle size< 1 400 mm

Particle size > 1 000 mm: max. 15 %

< 1 400 mm: 100 %

Source of thematerial

One source: bottlesor window frames

If the source of the material is unused products for which thecomplete formulation is known and is such that all therequirements given in this table are fulfilled, the material doesnot have to be tested and does not have to meet therequirements for particle size.1) Based on the source of material and the recycling process,a relevant test method and requirements shall be agreed andstated in the specification.

Both the test method and the requirements shall be published.

b) the material shall be clean and dry;

c) the maximum allowed amount of reprocessableand recyclable material shall depend on thedifference in K-value of the virgin material and thereprocessable and recyclable material as follows:

1) if the difference in K-value, when determined inaccordance with EN 922, is # 4 units, then upto 10 % by mass may be added;

2) if the difference in K-value is > 4 units or notdetermined, then up to 5 % by mass may be added.

d) the quantity of external reprocessable andrecyclable material that is actually added in eachproduction series shall be recorded by the pipe andfitting manufacturer.

NOTE Attention is drawn to possible national regulationsregarding heavy metals, e.g. cadmium.

A.2.3 External reprocessable and recyclablematerials not covered by an agreed specification

A.2.3.1 Material from PVC-U pipes and fittings

External reprocessable and recyclable material notcovered by an agreed specification from PVC-U pipesand fittings that are available in random quantities andintervals of time is permitted to be added to virgin orown reprocessable material or a mixture of those twomaterials for the production of pipes provided that allthe following conditions are met:

a) when this material is used, the production shallbe considered as at least one batch and testedaccordingly;

b) the material shall be clean and dry;

c) the maximum allowed amount of reprocessableand recyclable material shall depend on thedifference in K-value of the virgin material and thereprocessable and recyclable material as follows:

1) if the difference in K-value, when determined inaccordance with EN 922, is # 4 units, then upto 10 % by mass may be added;

2) if the difference in K-value is > 4 units or notdetermined, then up to 5 % by mass may be added;

d) the quantity of external reprocessable andrecyclable material that is actually added in eachproduction series shall be recorded by the pipemanufacturer.

A.2.3.2 Material from PVC-U products other thanpipes and fittings

External reprocessable and recyclable material notcovered by an agreed specification from other PVC-Uproducts other than pipes and fittings shall not be usedfor the production of pipes and fittings conforming tothis standard.



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Annex B (informative)

General characteristics of PVC-U pipesand fittings

B.1 General

EN 476 specifies the general requirements forcomponents used in discharge pipes, drains and sewersfor gravity systems. Pipes and fittings conforming tothis standard fully meet these requirements. Thefollowing additional information is given.

B.2 Compound characteristics

The compounds of pipes and fittings conforming tothis standard generally have these characteristics:

Modulus of elasticity E(1min) $ 3 000 MPa

Average density ≈ 1,4 g/cm3

Average coefficient of linearthermal expansion ≈ 0,08 mm/mK

Thermal conductivity ≈ 0,16 WK21m21

Surface resistance > 1012 V

B.3 Ring stiffness

The ring stiffness of pipes conforming to this standard,when determined in accordance with EN ISO 9969, isas follows:

$ 2 kN/m2 for SDR 51;

$ 4 kN/m2 for SDR 41;

$ 8 kN/m2 for SDR 34.

When a fitting conforming to this standard has thesame wall thickness as the corresponding pipe, thestiffness of this fitting, because of its geometry, is equalto or greater than the stiffness of that pipe.Consequently fittings are classified with thecorresponding pipe stiffness.

The actual value of stiffness of the fittings can bedetermined in accordance with ISO/DIS 13967.

B.4 Creep ratio

The creep ratio for pipes and fittings conforming tothis standard, when determined in accordance withEN ISO 9967, is less than 2. For fittings the fullcylindrical length of the socket or spigot is used as atest piece and the pre-load force, F0, is decreasedrelative to the actual length of the test piece.

B.5 Chemical resistance

PVC-U piping systems conforming to this standard areresistant to corrosion by water with a wide range ofpH-values, such as domestic waste water, rainwater,surface water and groundwater.

If piping systems conforming to EN 1401 are to be usedfor chemically-contaminated waste waters, such asindustrial discharges, chemical and temperatureresistance have to be taken into account. Forinformation about the chemical resistance of PVC-Umaterials guidance is given in ISO/TR 10358 and forrubber materials in ISO/TR 7620.

B.6 Abrasion resistance

Pipes and fittings conforming to this standard areresistant to abrasion. For special circumstances, theabrasion resistance can be determined from the testmethod given in EN 295-3.

B.7 Hydraulic roughness

The internal surfaces of pipes and fittings conformingto this standard are hydraulically smooth. The designof joints and fittings ensures good hydraulicperformance. For further information about hydrauliccapacity of pipes and fittings conforming to thisstandard refer to the manufacturer's information.

B.8 Diametric deflection

In normal installation conditions, the expected averagedeflection of the outside diameter of the pipes will beless than 8 %. However, deflections up to 15 %,e.g. caused by soil movement, will not affect theproper functioning of the piping system.



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Page 22EN 1401-1:1998

BSI 1998

3) Obtainable at the national standards institute.

Annex C (informative)

BibliographyEN 295-3, Vitrified clay pipes and fittings and pipejoints for drains and sewers Ð Part 3: Test methods.

EN 476, General requirements for components used indischarge pipes, drains and sewers for gravity systems.

prEN 1401-2, Plastics piping systems for non-pressureunderground drainage and sewerage Ð Unplasticizedpoly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) Ð Part 2: Guidance forthe assessment of conformity.

prEN 1636, Plastics piping systems for non-pressureunderground drainage and sewerage ÐGlass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) basedon polyester resin (UP).

EN 1852, Plastics piping systems for non-pressureunderground drainage and sewerage ÐPolypropylene (PP).

CEN/TC 155/13 N 301 Revised, Plastics piping systemsfor non-pressure underground drainage andsewerage Ð Structured-wall piping systems ofunplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U),polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) ÐPart 1: Specification and requirements for pipes,fittings and the system. (CEN/TC 155 WI 051: 052:053)

prEN 12666, Plastics piping systems for non-pressureunderground drainage and sewerage ÐPolyethylene (PE).

EN ISO 9002, Quality systems Ð Model for qualityassurance in production, installation and servicing(ISO 9002:1994).

EN ISO 9967, Plastics pipes Ð Determination ofcreep ratio.

EN ISO 9969, Thermoplastics pipes Ð Determinationof ring stiffness.

ISO 265-1:1988, Pipes and fittings of plasticsmaterials Ð Fittings for domestic and industrialwaste pipes Ð Basic dimensions: Metric series ÐPart 1: Unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U).

ISO/TR 7620, Rubber materials Ð Chemical resistance

ISO/TR 10358, Plastics pipes and fittings Ð Combinedchemical-resistance classification table.

ISO/DIS 13967, Plastics piping systems ÐThermoplastics fitting Ð Determination of theshort-term stiffness.

RAL 840-HR3), Colour register.



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EN_1401

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