En ENGLISH MODULE UNIT 12 · tahunya tentang ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi, seni, budaya, ... memperhatikan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, ... A coral reef 2. A bay 3. A lake 4. A canyon

ENGLISH MODULE

UNIT 12

RELATIVE CLAUSES

Compiled by: Aquilina Yunita, S.Pd

YAYASAN WIDYA BHAKTI SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS SANTA

ANGELA TERAKREDITASI A

Jl. Merdeka No. 24 Bandung 022. 4214714 – Fax.022. 4222587

http//: www.smasantaangela.sch.id, e-mail : [email protected]

043

URS is member of Registar

of Standards (Holding) Ltd.

ISO 9001 : 2008 Cert. No. 47484/A/0001/UK/En

[English Module, Unit 1] Page 2

I. Kompetensi Inti

1. Menghayati dan mengamalkan ajaran agama yang

dianutnya dan Spiritualitas Santa Angela.

2. Menghayati dan mengamalkan perilaku jujur, disiplin,

tanggung jawab, peduli (gotong royong, kerjasama,

toleran, damai), santun, responsif dan pro-aktif dan

menunjukkansikap sebagai bagian dari solusi atas

berbagai permasalahan dalam berinteraksi secara

efektif dengan lingkungan sosial dan alam serta dalam

menempatkan diri sebagai cerminan bangsa dalam

pergaulan dunia.

3. Memahami, menerapkan, menganalisis pengetahuan

faktual, konseptual, prosedural berdasarkan rasa ingin

tahunya tentang ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi, seni,

budaya, dan humaniora dengan wawasan

kemanusiaan, kebangsaan, kenegaraan, dan

peradaban terkait penyebab fenomena dan kejadian,

serta menerapkan pengetahuan prosedural pada

bidang kajian yang spesifik sesuai dengan bakat dan

minatnya untuk memecahkan masalah.

4. Mengolah, menalar, dan menyaji dalam ranah konkret

dan ranah abstrak terkait dengan pengembangan dari

[English Module, Unit 1] Page 3

yang dipelajarinya di sekolah secara mandiri, dan

mampu menggunakan metoda sesuai kaidah keilmuan

II. Kompetensi Dasar

Mensyukuri kesempatan dapat mempelajari

bahasa Inggris sebgai bahasa pengantar

komunikasi internasional yang diwujudkan dalam

semangat belajar.

Menunjukan perilaku jujur, disiplin, percaya diri,

dan bertanggung jawab dalam melaksanakan

komunikasi transaksional dengan guru dan teman.

Menangkap makna participle clause & Didn't need

to / needn't have

Menyusun dengan menggunakan participle clause

& Didn't need to / needn't have , vocabulary

nature’s best & travel verbs, dengan

memperhatikan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan

unsur kebahasaan yang benar dan sesuai konteks.

III. Tujuan Pembelajaran

Siswa diharapkan dapat:

[English Module, Unit 1] Page 4

1. Memahami penggunaan participle clause & Didn't

need to / needn't have dengan cerdas.

2. Memahami kegunaan masing-masing komponen

participle clause & Didn't need to / needn't have

dengan cerdas.

3. Menghasilkan kalimat dengan menggunakan participle

clause & Didn't need to / needn't have dengan gigih.

4. Menghasilkan kalimat dengan menggunakan

vocabulary nature’s best & travel verbs dengan gigih.

Conceptual Map

GRAMMAR

Participle Clause

Didn't need to / needn't have

VOCABULARY

Nature's best

Travel Verbs

[English Module, Unit 1] Page 5

Materials

GRAMMAR

A. Participle Clause

Participle clauses are a form of adverbial clause which

enables us to say information in a more economical way.

We can use participle clauses when the participle and the

verb in the main clause have the same subject.

Example

• Waiting for John, I made some tea. • Waiting for John, the kettle boiled. X [This would suggest

that the kettle was waiting for John!]

Forming Participle Clause Participle clauses can be formed with the present participle (--ing form of the verb) or past participle (third form of the verb). Perfect participle (having + third form of the verb) is used when the two actions happen in different time. Participle clauses with past participles have a passive meaning. The examples are as follows:

• Shouting loudly, Peter walked home. [Peter was shouting]

• Shouted at loudly, Peter walked home. [Someone was shouting at Peter] If we wish to emphasise that one action was before another then we can use a perfect participle (having + past participle):

[English Module, Unit 1] Page 6

• Having won the match, Susan jumped for joy. • Having been told the bad news, Susan sat down and

cried. Forming Participle Clause Participle clauses give information about condition, reason, result or time. For example:

Condition (in place of an if-condition): • Looked after carefully, this coat will keep you warm

through many winters. • Compare: If you look after it carefully, this coat will

keep you warm through many winters. Reason (in place of words like so or therefore):

• Wanting to speak to him about the contract, I decided to arrange a meeting.

• Compare: I wanted to speak to him about the contract so I decided to arrange a meeting. Result (in place of words like because or as a result):

• I had no time to read my book, having spent so long doing my homework.

• Compare: I had no time to read my book because I had spent so long doing my homework. Time (in place of words like when, while or as soon as):

• Sitting at the cafe with my friends, I suddenly realised that I had left the oven on at home.

• Compare: While I was sitting at the cafe with my friends, I suddenly realised that I had left the oven on at home.

[English Module, Unit 1] Page 7

B. Didn't need to / needn't have Both these forms are used to talk about past events, but there is sometimes a difference in use. When we say that someone needn't have done something, it means that they did it, but it was not necessary. Didn't need to is also sometimes used in this way:

You needn't have washed the dishes. I would've put them in the dishwasher.

You didn't need to wash the dishes. I would've put them in the dishwasher.

I didn't need to prepare all that food. They phoned to say they wouldn't be coming.

I needn't have prepared all that food. They phoned to say they wouldn't be coming.

But we also use didn't need to to say that something was not necessary under circumstances where it was not done:

The sun came out so we didn't need to take any rainwear on the trip.

We had plenty of petrol in the tank so I didn't need to fill up.

We didn't need to wait for long for them. They arrived just after us.

[English Module, Unit 1] Page 8

VOCABULARY Nature's best Complete these words bellow with English definition

1. A coral reef 2. A bay 3. A lake 4. A canyon 5. A waterfall 6. A mountain range 7. A cliff 8. A plain 9. A glacier 10. A desert

Travel Verbs Complete these travel verbs bellow with English definition

1. Go for 2. Go on 3. Go away 4. Get back 5. Get in / out off 6. Get on / off 7. Leave for 8. Set off 9. Drive off 10. Ride of

[English Module, Unit 1] Page 9

Exercises

Write in the present participle.

1. (search) ________ for her gloves, she dug through the entire

wardrobe.

2. (whistle)________ a song, she danced through the house

with the mop.

3. (sit) ________in the shade, we ate cake and drank coffee.

4. The child sat at the desk (paint) ________a picture.

5. (run) to the bus stop, she lost her shoe.

Write in the past participle.

1. (blind) ________by the sun, the driver didn’t see the stop

sign.

2. (prepare) ________by the chef himself, the dinner will be a

real treat.

3. (sing) ________by him, every song sounds just wonderful.

4. (misuse) ________as a refuse dump, the place became more

and more shabby.

[English Module, Unit 1] Page 10

5. Though (bear) ________in England, she spent most of her

childhood in the United States.

Write in the present perfect participle.

1. (park) ________the car, we searched for the ticket machine.

2. (drink) ________one litre of water, she really needed to go

to the toilet.

3. (leave) ________the party too early, we couldn’t see the

fireworks anymore.

4. (finish) ________her phone call, she went back to work.

5. (lose) ________ten kilogrammes, Anne finally fit into her

favourite dress again.

Turn the underlined part of the sentence into a

participle clause.

1. We are lying in the sun and we are enjoying life.

→ ________,we are enjoying life.

2. The boy had brushed his teeth. He was allowed to watch

a few more minutes of television.

[English Module, Unit 1] Page 11

→ ________, the boy was allowed to watch a few more

minutes of television.

3. The children sat on their beds and watched the

thunderstorm.

→________, the children watched the thunderstorm_.

4. They were surprised by a sudden storm and had to seek

shelter under a tree.

→ ________, they had to seek shelter under a tree.

5. When they had found the secret island, they started

searching for the treasure.

→ ________, they started searching for the treasure. Rewrite using phrases DIDN’T NEED TO or NEEDN’T HAVE 1. I went but i found out afterwards that it wasn’t

necessary to pick her up.

2. Sarah phoned me and told me he wasn’t coming so it

wasn’t necessary to pick her up.

3. Mary paid a lot of money for a ticket, but then her

boyfriend gave her one.

[English Module, Unit 1] Page 12

4. Ryan was going to buy a bicycle, but then his aunt

bought him one.

5. We took umbrellas and rain coats but the sun shone

the whole time.

6. Elisa bought a book, but afterwards found out that it

wasn’t necessary for her course.

7. Peter told me they had enough juice, so i didn’t need

to bring any juice for the party.

8. Valerie’s car was covered in mud, so she washed it off.

But then it rained very hard.

9. I didn’t travel to Jakarta because they called off the

meeting.

10. I brought so many euros to France and i just knew

that everywhere accepted credit card.

[English Module, Unit 1] Page 13

Glossary

Clause (n) Group of words that contains a subject and a verb.

Participles (n)

are words formed from verbs that can function as adjectives or gerunds or can be used to form the continuous tenses and the perfect tenses of verbs.

References

Azar, B.S. 1989. Understanding and using English Grammar. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc. Puchta, et al. 2013. English in mind. 4th ed. Cambridge: University press. http://www.grammarbank.com/ Retrieved on: 7 August, 2015 http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/learnit/learnitv317.shtml https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/quick-grammar/participle-clauses