Empower C1 Word List-EnG

8/17/2019 Empower C1 Word List-EnG

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Advanced wordlistENGLISH PoS Definition

1 12 a rapid rise phrase a fast increase

1 12 phrase a continuing change

1 158 phrase to learn a language

1 158 acquisition noun

1 158 phrase to reach a particular standard

1 12 phrase almost impossible to notice

1 12 phrase

1 9 verb to improve your skills in a language

1 158 capability noun the ability or power to do something

1 158 competence noun the ability to do something well

1 158 dedication noun

1 158 discipline noun

1 158 distraction noun

1 12 phrase not noticed at all

1 10 exposure noun

Unitnumber

Pagenumber

a steady shift

acquire alanguage

the process of learning or gettingsomething

attain alevel / degree

barelyperceptible

be on the wayout

to start to disappear or no longerexist

brush up(one’s French/ German,etc)

being willing to give a lot of time andenergy to something because youbelieve it is very important

the ability to control yourself andmake yourself do things

something that makes you stopgiving your attention to somethingelse

entirelyunnoticed

when someone experiencessomething or is aected by itbecause they are in a particular

situation or place



1 158 phrase

1 158 phrase

1 12 phrase to slowly be replaced by something

1 9 grasp verb to understand something

1 12 phrase to increase by a large amount

1 158 phrase

1 158 phrase to have a conversation

1 12 phrase very important

1 158 phrase

1 158 insight noun

1 158 interaction noun

1 158 interference noun

1 158 eep at it phrase

1 12 lasting adj continuing to exist for a long time

1 158 limitation noun

1 158 literacy noun the ability to read and write

1 158 mentality noun

1 10 motivation noun

1 10 necessity noun something that you need

1 12 phrase

1 12 ongoing adj still happening

getaccustomedto sth

to experience something oftenenough for it to seem normal to you

get to gripswith sth

to understand and deal with aproblem or situation

graduallygive way to

growsubstantially

have an earfor sth

to be good at hearing repeating orunderstanding a particular type of

hold aconversation

hugelysigni!cant

immerseoneself in sth

to become completely involved insomething

the ability to understand whatsomething is really like or anexample of thisthe activity of talking and doingthings with other people or the wayyou do this

when something aects what you aretrying to achieve

to continue working hard atsomething di!cult

when something is controlled so thatit is less than a particular amount ornumber

a person"s opinions or way ofthinking

the need or reason for doingsomething

on theincrease

#f something is on the increase it ishappening more often$



1 9 verb

1 158 prestige noun

1 158 phrase

1 10 reluctance noun

1 9 rusty adj

1 158 verb to %nd something di!cult

1 12 subtle adj not obvious or easy to notice

1 12 tae hold phrase to start to be fre&uent

2 22 verb

2 22 verb

2 22 verb

2 159 crawl verb to move on your hands and knees

2 159 creep verb to move very &uietly and carefully

2 22 verb

2 159 drift verb

2 22 !t in verb

2 22 verb

2 22 verb

2 25 hurtle verb

2 159 leap verb to 'ump somewhere

2 159 limp verb

2 159 march verb

2 25 plunge verb

2 22 relate to sb verb

pic up (anewlanguage,phrases, etc)

to learn a new language by practisingit and not by being taught

when people feel respect andadmiration for you often becauseyou are successful

put sth intopractice to start to do something you havelearned how to do

when someone does not want to dosomething

#f a skill you had is rusty it is not nowgood because you have forgotten it$

struggle (withsth)

bombard sbwith sth

to give someone too muchinformation ask them too many

bring out sth(in sb)

to make a particular &ualitynoticeable

come across(to sb)

to seem to be a particular kind ofperson

cut oneselfo"

to keep yourself away from otherpeople

to be moved slowly somewhere bywind or water

to feel that you belong to a particulargroup and are accepted by them

go on aboutsth

to talk in an annoying way about

something for a long timehold oneselfbac

to prevent yourself from doingsomething

to move very &uickly in a way whichis not controlled and may be

to walk with di!culty because one ofyour legs or feet is hurt

(hen soldiers march they walktogether with regular steps$

to fall or move down very &uickly andwith force

to understand and communicate withsomeone in a particular way



2 25 roll verb

2 22 run sb down verb to critici)e someone often unfairly

2 159 rush verb to hurry or move somewhere &uickly

2 159 slide verb to move smoothly over a surface2 22 slip out verb

2 25 soar verb

2 159 stagger verb to walk as if you might fall

2 159 stroll verb

2 25 whirl verb

2 25 whi## verb to move somewhere very &uickly2 25 whoosh verb

2 25 #oom verb to move somewhere very &uickly

* 1+0 phrase a very beautiful place in a hot area

* *, a$uent adj having a lot of money

* 1+0 arid desert phrase

* 1+0 bog noun an area of soft wet ground

* 1+0 phrase very still blue-green sea

* 1+0 phrase

* *5 dense adj

* *, deprived adj

* *, destitute adj

* *, phrase

* 1+0 phrase

* 1+0 foothills

* 1+0 phrase

* *, hardship noun

to move somewhere by turning in acircular direction

#f a remark slips out you say itwithout intending to$

to move &uickly and smoothly in thesky

to walk somewhere in a slow andrelaxed way

to move or make something move&uickly round and round

to move somewhere very &uickly

often making a noise like wind

a tropicalparadise

a large sandy area with almost norain

calm

turquoisedar pools ofstagnantwater

small areas of water that is dark incolour and smells unpleasantbecause it does not .ow

with a lot of people or things closetogether

not having enough food money andthe things that you need to have anormal lifeso poor that you do not have thebasic things you need to live such asfood clothes or money

disposableincome the amount of money that you haveavailable to spend after tax rent andother basic things that you must payforempty

moorlandan open area of countryside withrough grass and bushes but no trees

pluralnoun

the lower hills next to a mountain orline of mountains

forest canopy the branches and leaves that spreadout at the top of a group of treesforming a type of roof

a problem or situation that makesyou suer a lot especially because

you are very poor



* 1+0 phrase

* *, impoverished adj poor or made poor

* *5 %ungle noun

* *, phrase

* *, phrase

* 1+0 marsh noun an area of soft wet land* 1+0 phrase

* 1+0 phrase very clean and beautiful beaches

* *, prosperity noun

* *5 rainforest noun

* *5 remote adj far away

* 1+0 phrase a %eld with a lot of grass

* 1+0 rocy ground phrase

* 1+0 phrase

* 1+0 sheer cli"s phrase vertical clis

* *5 phrase the middle of an area

* 1+0 phrase the open entrance of a cave

* *5 tropical adj

* *5 undergrowth noun

* *5 untouched adj not changed or damaged in any way

* *5 vegetation noun

huge sanddunes

very large hills of sand in a desert onon the coast

an area of land in a hot countrywhere trees and plants grow closetogether

live withinone&s means

to not spend more money than youhave

mae endsmeet

to have or earn enough money to beable to pay for the things you need

mosquito'

infestedswamp

an area of very soft wet land that

has a lot of mos&uitos in itpristinebeaches

when a person or a country has a lotof money

a forest with a lot of tall trees whereit rains a lot

rich greenmeadow

ground that is covered with largepieces of stone

ruggedcoastline

rough and rocky land by the edge ofthe sea

the heart of(therainforest,capital, %ungle, etc)the mouth ofa cave

from or in the hottest parts of theworld

short plants and bushes that growaround trees

the plants and trees that grow in aparticular area



* *, well'o" adj having a lot of money

* *5 wilderness noun

* 1+0 phrase the sides of hills covered with trees

, ,9 phrase

, ,9 phrase something that you never forget

, ,9 phrase a memory that makes you feel upset

, ,9 phrase

, ,, phrase

, ,9 phrase a memory that is not clear

, ,9 phrase a memory that is very clear

, 1+1 phrase

, 1+1 come to mind phrase

, 1+1 conscientious adj

, 1+1 conscious adj

, 1+1 phrase

, 1+1 have a hunch phrase

, ,, phrase

, ,, on impulse phrase suddenly and without thinking %rst

, 1+1 rational adj

, 1+1 reasonable adj fair and showing good 'udgment

a place that is in a completelynatural state without housesindustry roads etc

woodedslopes

a distantmemory

a memory that is not clear becausethe thing you remember happened along time ago

a lastingmemory

a painfulmemory

aphotographicmemory

the ability to remember things ingreat detail

a rationalthiner

someone whose thoughts are basedon facts and not aected by theiremotions or imagination

a vaguememory

a vividmemory

cast yourmind bac (tosth)

to try to remember something thathappened in the past

#f something comes to mind youthink of it$

always doing your work with a lot ofawake and able to think and noticethings

go with one&sgut instinct

to do what your feelings tell you is

rightto have an idea that is based onfeeling and for which there is no

now sthsubconsciously

to know something without activelythinking about it

based on facts and not aected bysomeone"s emotions or imagination



, 1+1 hp

, 1+1 self'con!dent adj

, 1+1 self'conscious adj

, 1+1 sensible adj

, 1+1 sensitive adj

, 1+1 phrase

, 1+1 phrase

, ,, phrase

, 1+1 thin logically phrase

, 1+1 thin sth over verb

, 1+1 phrase

, 1+1 phrase

, 1+1 phrase to cause you to remember something

, 1+1 phrase

, ,, weigh sth up verb

5 59 noun

5 1+2 phrase

5 1+2 phrase

5 1+2 phrase

5 1+2 phrase

5 1+2 phrase

5 1+2 phrase

refresh one’smemory (ofsth)

to remind yourself of something youalready know

feeling sure about yourself and yourabilities

too aware of what other people arethinking about you and yourappearanceshowing the ability to make gooddecisions and do things which willnot make problems

often upset by the things people sayor do

slip one’smind

#f something slips your mind youforget it$

taespontaneousdecisions

to decide things &uickly withoutthinking about them a lot

the pros andcons

the advantages and disadvantages ofsomething

to think in a way that uses facts andreason

to consider an idea or plan carefullybefore making a decision

thin twicebefore doingsth

to think very carefully before you dosomething

treasure thememory (of

to feel that a memory is veryimportant and that it gives you

trigger amemory (of

sth)

vaguelyremember sth

to remember something but not atall clearly

to think carefully about theadvantages and disadvantages of asituation before making a decision

agriculturalsector

businesses and industries connectedwith farming

be arrestedon suspicionof sth

#f someone is arrested on suspicionof a crime they are taken to thepolice station because the police

arrest sb onsuspicion ofsth

#f the police arrest someone onsuspicion of a crime they take themto the police station because theythink they committed it$

be bannedfrom doingsth

to be o!cially told that you cannotdo something

ban sb fromdoing sth

to tell someone o!cially that theycannot do something

be broughtface'to'facewith a victim

to meet a person against whom youhave committed a crime

bring sb face'

to'face with avictim

to bring someone to meet a person

against whom they have committeda crime



5 1+2 phrase to be found guilty of a crime

5 1+2 phrase

5 1+2 be !ned phrase

5 1+2 !ne verb

5 1+2 phrase

5 1+2 phrase

5 1+2 phrase

5 1+2 phrase

5 1+2 phrase

5 1+2 phrase

5 1+2 phrase

5 1+2 phrase

5 58 phrase

5 1+2 noun

5 59 noun

5 59 contract verb

5 59 contract noun

5 58 phrase

5 59 energy sector noun

5 59 export verb

5 59 export noun

5 59 !nance noun

5 59 !nance verb

5 59 noun

be convictedof sth

convict sb ofsth

to say o!cially that someone isguilty of a crime

to be forced to pay money as apunishment

to make someone pay money as apunishment

be foundguilty (of sth)

#f you are found guilty of a crime acourt decides you have done it$

!nd sb guilty(of sth)

#f a 'udge or 'ury %nds you guiltythey decide that you committed acrime$be held in

custodyto be kept in prison especially whenwaiting for a trial

hold sb incustody

to keep someone in prison especiallywhen waiting for a trial

be held in

solitarycon!nement

to be kept in a room on your own in a

prison

hold sb insolitarycon!nement

to keep someone in a room on theirown in a prison

be sentencedto lifeimprisonment

to be given the punishment ofspending the rest of your life inprison

sentence sbto lifeimprisonment

to give someone the punishment ofspending the rest of their life inprison

bribery and

corruption

the crime of trying to make people

do illegal things by paying themgiving them presents etc$

communityservice

work that is of bene%t to thecommunity done as a form of

constructionsector

businesses and industries connectedwith making buildings roads etc

to make a legal agreement withsomeone to do work or to have workdone for youa legal agreement between twopeople or organi)ations

credit cardfraud

the crime of using a credit card or th

details of a credit card in an illegalwaybusinesses and industries connectedwith producing and selling fuel

to send goods to another country inorder to sell them there

a product that you sell in anotherthe money that someone / anorganisation has

to give the money that is needed todo something

!nancial

sector

businesses and industries connected

with money



5 1+2 phrase

5 59 import verb

5 59 import noun

5 59 increase noun

5 59 increase verb

5 59 noun

5 1+2 phrase

5 59 noun

5 1+2 phrase

5 58 phrase the crime of having illegal drugs

5 59 pro%ect verb

5 59 pro%ect noun a planned piece of work

5 59 public sector noun

5 1+2 phrase

5 1+2 phrase

5 59 record verb

5 59 record noun

5 59 retail sector noun

5 1+2 phrase

5 1+2 phrase

5 1+2 phrase

5 58 tax evasion phrase

givetestimony incourt

to give a statement in court aboutwhat you know about a crime

to buy or bring in products fromanother country

a product which is imported fromanother country

when the number or si)e ofsomething gets bigger

to get bigger or to make somethingindustrialsector

businesses and industries connectedwith producing goods especially infactories or special areas

mae anallegation ofsth against sb

to say that someone has donesomething wrong

manufacturin

g sector


with making goodsplead guilty(to sth)

to admit in court that you committeda crime

possession ofa controlledsubstance

to emphasise a particular &uality sothat this is what people notice aboutyou

businesses and industries that areowned or controlled by the

receive one'to'one /groupcounselling

to get advice from someone who istrained to listen to your problems onyour own / with a group of otherpeoplereceive

psychiatricto get help from a doctor who treatsmental illness

to write down information or store iton a computer so that it can be usedin the future

information that is written on paperor stored on a computer so that itcan be used in the future

businesses and industries connectedwith selling things in shops or online

serve areducedsentence forgood

to be allowed to leave prison earlybecause you have behaved well

serve the fullsentence

to be in prison for the whole time thecourt said you should stay there

showevidence incourt

to show proof of something during atrial

the crime of not paying the tax youowe



5 59 transport noun

5 59 transport verb

5 59 noun

5 1+2 trial noun

5 58 phrase

+ 1 ashamed adj

+ 1+* blea adj

+ 1+* cluttered adj untidy and too full of ob'ects

+ 1 devastated adj very shocked and upset

+ 1 disillusioned adj

+ 1+* elaborate adj complicated or with a lot of details

+ +8 evocative adj

+ +8 exotic adj

+ 1+* awless adj

+ 1 frustrated adj

+ 1 gleeful adj

+ +8 gritty adj

+ 1 helpless adj

+ +8 humorous adj funny or making you laugh

+ +8 iconic adj

+ 1 insecure adj

+ 1 %ealous adj

+ +8 meaningful adj useful serious or important

a vehicle or system of vehicles suchas buses trains aeroplanes etc forgetting from one place to another

to move people or things from oneplace to another

transportsector businesses and industries connectedwith moving people and goods fromplace to place

a legal process to decide if someoneis guilty of a crime

violentassault

a forceful attack that hurts someonephysically

feeling bad because you have donesomething wrong

without comfort decoration or

feeling disappointed becausesomething is not as good as youthought it was

making you remember or imaginesomething that is pleasant

unusual interesting and oftenforeign

with no mistakes or badcharacteristics

annoyed because things are nothappening in the way that you wantor in the way that they should

full of happiness excitement or

showing unpleasant details about asituation in a way that seems veryrealnot able to do things for yourself or

protect yourself

very famous or popular especiallybeing considered to representparticular opinions or a particulartimehaving no con%dence in yourself andwhat you can do

not happy because you wantsomething that someone else has



+ +8 no'nonsense adj

+ +8 nonsensical adj silly or stupid

+ +8 observant adj good or &uick at noticing things

+ 1 over'excited adj

+ 1 petri!ed adj extremely frightened

+ +8 playful adj funny and not serious

+ +8 powerful adj

+ 1 protective adj

+ +8 raw adj

+ 1+* repetitive adj

+ 1 restless adj

+ 1 satis!ed adj

+ 1+* sensational adj very exciting or extremely good

+ 1 speechless adj

+ 1 terribly adv very+ 1 totally adv completely

+ +8 adj arranged in an attractive way

1+, adj often forgetting things

85 a"able adj pleasant and friendly

1+, adj needing a lot of hard physical eort

81 blan'eyed adj

85 capitalism noun

1+, clear'headed adj thinking in a clear and logical way

85 closeness noun

85 coldness noun the &uality of being unfriendly

practical and serious and onlyinterested in doing what is necessaryor achieving what is intendedwithout silly ideas or methods

behaving in a silly way because youare too excited

having a very great eect on youremotions

wanting to protect someone fromcriticism hurt danger etc becauseyou like them

eelings or &ualities that are raw arestrong and di!cult to control$

doing or saying the same thingseveral times especially in a way

not able to be still or relax becauseyou are bored or nervous

pleased because you have got whatyou wanted

unable to speak because you are soangry shocked surprised etc

well'composed

absent'minded

bac'breaing

with eyes that do not expressthoughts or emotions

a political and economic system inwhich industry is owned privately forpro%t and not by the state

knowing someone well and likingeach other a lot



85 collaboration noun

85 distribution noun

85 exclusion noun

85 fairness noun

85 phrase

81 glassy'eyed adj

85 phrase

1+, hair'raising adj very frightening

1+, half'hearted adj without much eort or interest

1+, hard'hearted adj not caring how other people feel

1+, adj

81 humanlie adj similar to a person

85 innovation noun

85 intimacy noun

85 isolated adj

85 isolation noun a feeling of being lonely 1+, %aw'dropping adj very surprising or shocking

1+, left'handed adj

85 liberation noun

81 lifelie adj #f something is lifelike it looks real$

1+, light'headed adj di))y

1+, light'hearted adj not serious

85 loneliness noun the state of being lonely

when two or more people worktogether to create or achieve thesame thing or a product of this

when something is supplied or givenout to people or places

when someone or something is notallowed to take part in an activity orto enter a place

when you treat everyone in the sameway so that no one has anadvantage

gainperspective

to learn to understand which thingsare most important in life

having shiny eyes that make youlook as though you have no emotions

grasp

viewpoints

to understand other people"s

opinions

heart'warming

seeming to be something positiveand good and therefore causing

feelings of pleasure and happiness

a new idea or method that is beingtried for the %rst time or the use ofsuch ideas or methods

when you have a very specialfriendship or sexual relationship withsomeonefeeling unhappy because of notseeing or talking to other people

using your left hand to do most

an occasion when something orsomeone is released or made free$



85 materialism noun

1+, adj

1+, adj delicious

1+, adj

85 nervousness noun the state of being nervous

1+, open'minded adj

85 optimism noun

85 ostracism noun

85 pre%udice noun

85 rudeness noun the &uality of being rude 85 security noun

85 phrase

81 self'conscious adj

81 adj making your own decisions

85 sel!shness noun the &uality of being sel%sh

85 separation noun

85 separatism noun

1+, short'sighted adj

81 silly'minded adj not intelligent

85 social contact phrase

85 socialism noun

the belief that having money andpossessions is the most importantthing in life

mind'boggling

di!cult to accept imagine orunderstand

mouth'watering

narrow'minded

not willing to accept new ideas oropinions dierent from your own

willing to consider ideas and opinionsthat are new or dierent to your own

when you believe good things willhappen

the practice of avoiding someone

intentionally or preventing them fromtaking part in the activities of a group

when someone does not like a groupof people or treats them badlybecause they are a dierent racesex religion etc

when something is not likely to fail orbe lost

see otherperspectives

to understand the situations andopinions of other people

too aware of what other people arethinking about you and your

self'determined

when people or things are separateor become separate from otherpeople or things

the belief held by people of aparticular race religion or othergroup within a country that theyshould be independent or live apartfrom other peoplenot able to see far without wearingglasses

time spent with other peopleespecially friends

a political system in which thegovernment owns importantbusinesses and industries and which

allows the people to share the moneyand opportunities e&ually



85 tolerance noun

81 tongue'tied adj

1+, warm'hearted adj kind

8 1+5 acne noun

8 95 phrase

8 1+5 arthritis noun

8 1+5 phrase

8 9, be fast asleep phrase very deeply asleep

8 1+5 blotches

8 1+5 cause verb

8 95 circulation noun

8 1+5 clear sin phrase

8 1+5 verb

8 9, phrase to to gradually start to sleep

8 9, phrase to start to sleep

8 1+5 dry sin phrase

8 95 facial adj of or on the face

8 95 facial noun

8 1+5 !ne lines phrase

8 95 !rm adj not soft but not completely hard

8 1+5 frecles small pale brown spots on the skin

8 95 fresh adj clean and pleasant

8 1+5 get verb to obtain or buy something

8 1+5 have verb to own something

the &uality of allowing people to door believe what they want althoughyou do not agree with it

unable to say anything because youare nervous

a skin problem that causes a lot ofred spots on the face

a glowingcomplexion

the warm healthy appearance of theskin on someones face

an illness which causes pain in theparts of the body where bones meet

a varied andbalanced diet

a diet that includes healthy amountsof a lot of dierent foods

pluralnoun

marks that are not regular in shapefor example on a person"s skin

to make something happenespecially something bad

the movement of blood around thebody

skin especially on the face that hasno spots or marks

come out in(a rash,

blotches, etc)

#f you come out in something such asspots they appear on your skin$

drift o" tosleep

drop o" tosleep

skin that does not have as much oilin it as it needs

a beauty treatment involving gentle

rubbing of creams into the facevery narrow lines on the skin of your

pluralnoun



8 9, have a nap phrase to have a short sleep

8 1+5 heart trouble phrase an illness connected with the heart

8 1+5 in%ection noun

8 9, light sleeper phrase

8 1+5 moisturise verb

8 9, phrase to not sleep at all

8 1+5 oily sin phrase skin that has too much oil in it8 9, oversleep verb to sleep longer than you wanted to

8 1+5 noun

8 1+5 phrase

8 1+5 prevent verb

8 1+5 phrase

8 95 rash noun

8 1+5 phrase

8 9, restless adj

8 95 sagging adj

8 1+5 saggy sin phrase skin that is loose and hangs down

8 1+5 phrase

8 95 scar noun

8 1+5 phrase

8 9, phrase to sleep very well8 1+5 smooth sin phrase

8 1+5 spots

8 1+5 phrase

8 9, phrase

when someone puts a drug into yourbody using a needle

someone who is easily woken up bynoise etc

to put cream on your skin to stop itfrom becoming dry

not sleep a

plasticsurgery

operations on someone"s face orbody to make them more attractive

poorcirculation

when the blood does not travelaround your body as strongly as itshouldto stop something happening or tostop someone doing something

prone to(spots, oily

likely to suer from an illness orshow a negative characteristic

a temporary skin condition involvinga group of small spots

regularcardiovascular exercise

regular exercise that strengthensyour heart and lungs

unwilling or unable to stay still or tobe &uiet and calm because you areworried or bored

hanging down lower less %rm thanbefore

sb&s eyesightdeteriorates

#f your eyesight deteriorates youbegin to see less well$

a permanent mark left on the bodyfrom a cut or other in'ury

show one&sage

to look as old as you are especiallywhen you are old

sleep lie a

skin that has no wrinkles spots orother lumps

pluralnoun

small raised red circles on the skinthat are temporary

strengthening and toningexercises

physical exercises that make yourstonger and make your body more%rm

su"er from

insomnia

to have the condition of not being

able to sleep over a period of time



8 1+5 phrase becoming thin and grey

8 1+5 phrase

8 1+5 tooth loss phrase when your teeth fall out

8 9, toss and turn phrase

8 1+5 weight loss phrase

8 1+5 phrase

8 9, wide awae phrase completely awake

8 95 wrinles

8 1+5 phrase teeth that are becoming yellow

8 95 youthful glow phrase

9 1++ bungalow noun

9 1++ cabin noun a small house made of wood

9 10 dated adj not modern

9 10 graceful adj elegant and attractive

9 1++ noun

9 10 imposing adj looking big and important

9 10 innovative adj using new methods or ideas

9 1++ mansion noun a very large house

9 10 nondescript adj not interesting

9 10 out of place adj

9 10 over the top adj too extreme and not suitable

9 1++ penthouse noun

thinning andgreying

tighten andplump thesin

to make your skin tighter and lessthin

to be very restless and unable tosleep

when you become thinner and startto weigh less

whiteningtoothpaste

toothpaste that makes your teethwhiter

pluralnoun

lines on your face that you get whenyou grow old

yellowingteeth

the warm healthy appearance of theskin typical of young people

a house that has all its rooms on theground .oor

housingestate

an area with a large number ofhouses that were built at the sametime

very dierent from other things in anarea and not seeming suitable for it

an expensive apartment at the top ofa building



9 1++ power station noun a place where electricity is produced9 105 recreate verb

9 105 redevelop verb

9 105 regain verb to get something back again

9 105 regenerate verb to improve a place or system

9 105 reinstate verb

9 105 re%uvenate verb

9 105 renovate verb

9 105 restore verb to repair something old

9 1++ retail par noun

9 105 revamp verb

9 1++ adj

9 1++ syscraper noun a very tall building

9 1++ studio noun

9 10 stunning adj very beautiful

9 10 tasteless adj ugly or without style

9 1++ tower bloc noun

9 1++ warehouse noun

10 11+ address verb to speak to someone

10 1+ phrase

10 1+ phrase

10 11+ audience noun

to make something exist or happenagain

to make a place more modern byimproving old buildings or buildingnew ones

to cause a rule law etc to existagain

to make a place look new and livelyagain

to repair and decorate a building that

is old and in bad condition

an area with several large shopsusually outside a city

to change something in order tomake it better

semi'detached

3 semi-detached house has one wallthat is 'oined to another house$

a very small apartment with onemain room

a very tall building divided intoapartments or o!ces

a large building for keeping thingsthat are going to be sold

assert one&sright (to dosth)

to say strongly that you have theright to do something

attacpolicies

to critici)e someone"s ideas andplans

the people who sit and watch a

performance at a theatre cinemaetc



10 1+ phrase

10 119 phrase

10 11+ concept noun an idea or principle

10 1+ conclude verb to end something

10 11+ conference noun

10 1+8 convinced adj completely certain about something10 1+8 convincing adj

10 119 customary adj

10 11+ verb

10 11+ phrase

10 1+8 dubious adj

10 1+8 far'fetched adj

10 11+ phrase

10 11+ phrase

10 119 good fortune phrase good luck

10 119 phrase

10 1+8 gullible adj

10 119 phrase

10 11+ illustrate verb

10 119 magic spell noun

10 119 mae a wish phrase

10 11+ phrase

10 11+ phrase

bac up anargument

to give information that proves thatwhat you are saying is correct

be temptingfate

to take a silly risk and depend toomuch on good luck

a large meeting often lasting a fewdays where people talk about asub'ect

able to make you believe thatsomething is true or right

normal or expected for a particularperson situation or society

demonstratea newapproach

to show a dierent way of doingsomething

demonstrateone&sunderstanding

to show that you understandsomething well

thought not to be completely truehonest or legal

di!cult to believe and not likely tobe true

go into far

too muchdetail

to give much too much information

about somethinggo into the!ner points

to talk about small details ofsomething

good luccharm

an ob'ect that is thought to have theability to bring good luck

4omeone who is gullible is easilytricked because they trust people toomuch$(&ll eep my)

!ngerscrossed

something you say when you hopethat something will happen the wayyou want it to

to show the meaning or truth ofsomething more clearly

words that are thought to havemagical powers

to think of something that you hopewill be made real by magic powers

maecommentsunder one&sbreath

to say things very &uietly so thatother people cannot hear exactlywhat you are saying

mae

throwawayremars

to say things without thinking

carefully and in a way that is notintended to be serious



10 11+ phrase

10 1+ phrase to praise someone or something

10 1+8 persuasive adj

10 1+8 plausible adj

10 11+ present verb

10 1+ phrase

10 1+ sell an idea phrase

10 1+ phrase

10 119 phrase

10 119 phrase

10 119 touch wood phrase

10 119 traditionally adv

10 1+ phrase to express worries

10 119 ward o" evil phrase

move on to anew/di"erenttopic

to start to talk about somethingdierent

pay tribute(to sb / sth)

able to make people agree to dosomething

#f something that someone says orwrites is plausible it could be true$

to give provide or make somethingknown

present eyinformation

to tell an audience very importantfacts

to persuade people that an idea is

good

summarisethe ey ideas

to express the most important factsor ideas in a short and clear form

third timelucy

something you say when you hopethat something will be successful onits third attempt

to be on thesafe side

being especially careful in order toavoid something unpleasant

said when you talk about somethingyou hope is true or hope will happento avoid bad luck

following or belonging to the customsor ways of behaving that havecontinued in a group of people orsociety for a long time

voiceconcerns(about sth)

to prevent something bad from harmingyou or coming close to you



Pronunciation (U! E"am#le

6r7pd ra)

6stedi :ft

67kw):n

6beli pseptbl;

bi< 6=n > we a?t

br@: @p

6kepblti

k=mptns

6dedke:n

dspln

dstr7k:n

n6tali @nn?tst

ksp?A

The use of continuous passiveverb forms has also seen a rapidrise.There was a steady shift towardmore frequent use of the verb +

-ing and these forms are still ontheincrease.6kwar

l7BgwdASome learners appear to be ableto acquire a language withoutmuch formal study.

In this article, llen !c"rthurre#ects on her acquisition of$rench.6ten 6levl /d

6gri< v k=mptnsI%m not sure if I%ll ever attain anative spea&er level of

'ne lasting change to nglish thatwas barely perceptible at the timeis &nown as The (reat )owel Shift.

Sti*, formal words li&e shall andought are on the way out.

llen !ac"rthur%s career forcedher to brush up her school-girl$rench.

e has the capability to do well atschool.

hat level of competence would you li&e to attain eventually

/earning a language requiresdedication.

I dont have the discipline to studyalone.

I couldnt understand him becausethere were too many distractionsin the room.

These changes can have a hugelysigni0cant impact but can goentirely unnoticed while they arein progress.nglish spea&ers have little to noe1posure to the sounds of foreignlanguages.



6get k@stmd tuC

6get t Drps w>

grE<sp

6gr? sbst7n:li

6h7v n f

mF<s w@n6self n

nsat

6ntr7k:n

6ntfrns

kii< nkri<s

=Bg?B

hen he went to live in 2orea, hequic&ly got accustomed to thesound of the language.

The sounds of $innish are quiteunique, so I found it di0cult to toget to grips with the pronunciation.6gr7d'?li gv we

tu<!odal verbs are gradually givingway to other less formal

3ecause I understood some$rench, I could grasp some ofwhat they were saying.

The use of get passives has grownsubstantially.

4enny%s luc&y 5 she has an ear forlanguages.

6h?ld 6k=nvse:n

"fter about a year, he found hecould a hold a conversation in

Italian without too much e*ort.6h'u<dAli sgnfknt

These changes can have a hugelysigni0cant impact but can goentirely unnoticed while they arein progress.She spent si1 wee&s in 4oland andreally immersed herself in thelanguage and culture.

She has little insight into theirlives.

6obots can never replace humanbeings in any conte1t thatrequires interaction with people.

They struggle with 0rst languageinterference.

4eople tend to give up on secondlanguage learning too easily. 7ouneed to &eep at it if you want tosucceed.


There are 0nancial limitations ontheir education.

/iteracy rates have gone up in thearea.

7ou have to have the rightmentality to learn a language.

They have no motivation to learnthe language.

There is no necessity to learn thelanguage.

There was a steady shift towardmore frequent use of the verb +-ing and these forms are still onthe increase.There are far more subtle,

ongoing language changes ta&ing place at any given time.



pk @p

presti<A

6p?t ntu< pr7kts

rl@ktns

r@sti

str@gl; w>

s@tl

tek h?ld

b=mbE<d w> She bombarded me questions.

brB a?t

k@m kr=s

krG<l e crawled up the stairs.

kri<p e crept into the house.

k@t w@nself =f

drft The boat drifted out to sea.

ft n

g? =n ba?t

h?ld w@nself b7k

hF<tl;

li<p She leaped over the roc&s.

lmp e limped o* the pitch.

mE<t:

pl@ndA

rlet t

She e1plained how she pic&ed upthe language.

They li&e the prestige of &nowinga second language.

8nless I put a new piece oflanguage into practiceimmediately, I 0nd I forget it.

9o you thin& that the reluctanceto learn nglish is just a feature of3ritain

hen Im away from $rance, my$rench gets rusty.

I really struggle with nglishidioms.

There are far more subtle,ongoing language changes ta&ing

place at any given time.ords such as going to, have to,need to and want to are ta&inghold.

I often felt that my silence broughtout the best in people.

ow do I come across to other people

4eople go into some &ind ofretreat to cut themselves o* fromthe outside world.

Tal&ing to people is a way of 0ttingin.

e always goes on about his dogswhen I go and see him.

I often wanted to critici:e thembut I had to hold myself bac&.

e hurtled down a ;,<==-footvolcanic slope.

The soldiers marched through thesquare.

e were plunging through the air,;>,=== feet above the earth.

The most interesting thing was theway other people related to me.



r?l

r@n da?n

r@: They rushed to catch the train.

slad e slid down the slope.slp a?t

sG<

st7g e staggered across the 0eld.

str?l They strolled through the par&.

wF<l

w) 7ou%ll go whi::ing over s&i slopes.

w?:

)u<m

7.unt

67rd de)t

b=g

dens

dpravd

destt'u<t

d6sp?)bl; Bk@m

6empti mG<lnd

f?thl)

6f=rst k7npi

hE<d:p

This is the sport of rolling downhillat high speed.

e usually li&es to run down some politician or other.

Someone held a door open for meand a little ?than& you% slipped out.

7ou%ll go soaring inside a verticalwind tunnel.

They prepared themselves to whirlupside down, again and again.

They went whooshing down white-

water rapids on a #imsy raft.4repare to :oom down a steep,;,<==-foot volcanic slope.

6tr=pklp7rdas

The island can only be describedas a tropical paradise.

In a@uent suburbs li&e this one,house prices are e1tremely high.

Aever before had I been to suchan arid desert.

"nimals sometimes get stuc& inthe bog.

6kE<m 6tF<kwG)

wG<t)

The sight of pristine beaches and

calm turquoise waters made us

dE<k 6pu<l) v6st7gnnt wG<t

e avoided the dar& pools ofstagnant water and eventuallyreached the 0rmer groundbeyond.Buietly we moved through thedense vegetation.

In the most deprived areas of thecity, unemployment stands ataround C=D.They lost everything they had inthe #ood and were left destitute.

e lives with his parents and paysno bills, so he has a lot ofdisposable income.

mpty moorland stretchestowards the distant mountains.

e visited a remote village in thefoothills.

/oo&ing up, I saw the forestcanopy far above my head.

!any farmers are facing realeconomic hardship after the

drought &illed all their crops.



mp=vr:t

dA@Bgl;

6mek end) mi<t

mE<: Tall grasses grew in the marsh.

6prsti<n bi<t:)

pr=sperti

renf=rst

rm?t

6rt: 6gri<n med?

6r=ki gra?nd

6r@gd k?stlan

6: klfs

> hE<t v

tr=pkl

@ndgr?H

@nt@t:t

6vedAte:n

6h'u<dA s7nddAu<n)

'n our third day we came to somehuge sand dunes.

There%s no money to helpimpoverished communities buildbasic facilities li&e schools andmedical centres.

e travelled right through a chun&of "frica%s most threatened jungleenvironment.

6lv w6>n w@n)mi<n)

e can%t go on using our creditcards all the time. e have tolearn to live within our means.

ven though I got a pay rise last year, I still 0nd it diEcult to ma&eends meet.

m=6ski<t? n6festd

sw=mp

e made slow progress through

the mosquito-infested swamp.The sight of pristine beaches andcalm turquoise waters made usforget our long journey in aninstant.There%s a direct relationshipbetween a good education systemand the economic prosperity of acountry.I wanted to 0nd out what life inthe heart of a tropical rainforestwas really li&e.


In front of the cottage was a richgreen meadow where cowsgra:ed.The roc&y ground is unsuitable forfarming.

The rugged coastline is famous forits beauty.

$rom where I stood, sheer cli*sdropped to the sea.

e were deep in the heart of the jungle now.

> 6ma?H v kev

/oo&ing down, I saw the mouth ofa cave in the cli* face.

I was separated from the outsideworld by dense tropicalvegetation.They hac&ed their way throughthe undergrowth.

This area is one of the lastuntouched wildernesses of the8pper (uinean forest belt.

I was separated from the outsideworld by dense tropical

vegetation.



6wel=f

wldns

6w?dd sl?ps

6dstnt memri

6lE<stB memri

6penfl memri

6r7:nl HBk I%m a very rational thin&er.

6veg memri

6vvd memri

6k@m t mand

6k=n:ien:sk=n:s

6h7v h@nt:

6n? s@bk=nt:sli

=n mp@ls

r7:nl I%m a very rational thin&er.

ri<)nbl;

!y grandparents used to berelatively well-o*, but they lost alltheir money in bad investments.


In the distance, beyond woodedslopes, the mountains rose up intothe s&y.

'nce the city was rebuilt, thestorm became a distant memoryfor most people.

Their trip to )enice was a lastingmemory, full of magic.

I have a painful memory of my catgetting run over when I was achild.

f?t6gr7fkmemri

e has a photographic memoryand can paint places he hasn%tseen since childhood.

I only ever have a vague memoryof my journey to wor&.

I have a vivid memory of our teamwinning the orld Fup when I wasa &id.

6kE<st 'G< mandb7k

If you cast your mind bac& to thelast meeting, youll remember thatwe agreed to increase the fee.

If I thin& of my time in Aew 7or&,the 0rst thing that comes to mindis a yellow ta1i.

e is a very conscientious

She was badly injured, but stillconscious.

6g? w> w@n) g@t

nstBkt

If I need to thin& quic&ly, I alwaysgo with my gut instinct.

I had a hunch that I should resign,and I was right.

I thin& I &now subconsciouslywhen people are lying to me.

'n impulse, I married someone I%donly just met and went to live in

If you e1plain your problem, Imsure your parents will be



6selfk=nfdnt

6selfk=n:s

sensbl;

senstv

6slp w@n) mand

> 6pr?) nd k=n)

6HBk l=dAkli

HBk ?v

6HBk twas bfG<

6treA > memri

6trgr memri

6veDli rmemb

we @p

bi< b7nd frm

b7n frm

r6fre: w@n)memri

3efore going into class, she readsthe register to refresh her memoryof her students% names.

es not self-con0dent enough to perform in public.

Shes very self-conscious becauseof her height.

Its not sensible to lie in the sunfor too long.

es very sensitive and gets upsetif people critici:e him.

I told him you were coming today,but it must have slipped his mind.

6tek sp=n6tenisdsAn)

I love ta&ing spontaneousdecisions. They%re more funG

7ou need to weigh up the pros andcons of changing your job.

I%m successful in business becauseI thin& logically.

I%ll need time to thin& it overbefore I decide.

I%d always thin& twice beforetrusting a stranger.

I%ll always treasure the memory ofthe warm welcome they gave us.

The smell of freshly ba&ed breadalways triggers a memory of my

grandmother.

I vaguely remember seeing that0lm years ago,

I thin& it%s important to weigh upthe advantages anddisadvantages before you ta&eaction.67grk@lt:rl

6sektages are often low in theagricultural sector.

bi< 6restd =n ssp:n v

" HC-year-old woman was arrestedon suspicion of money laundering.

6rest =n ssp:nv The police arrested her onsuspicion of murder.

4eople who drin& and drive shouldbe permanently banned fromdriving.The judge banned her fromdriving.

bi< brG<t 6fes tfes w> 6vktm

Friminals should be brought face-to-face with their victims.

brB 6fes t fes

w> 6vktm

Id li&e to bring him face-to-face

with his victim.



bi< knvktd v

knvkt v

bi< fand

fan The judge 0ned her H,===.

bi< 6fa?nd glti

6fand glti I thin& the jury will 0nd him guilty.

biC 6held n k@stdi

6h?ld n k@stdi

knstr@k:n 6sekt

kntr7kt

k=ntr7kt

kredt kE<d 6frG<d

endAi 6sekt

kspG<t

ekspG<t 'ur main e1port is oil.

fan7ns

fn7ns / fan7ns

fan7n:l 6sekt

e%s been convicted of murderand sent to prison.

There wasnt enough evidence toconvict her of the crime.

The company was 0ned a si10gure sum.

9espite a strong defence case, hewas found guilty of the crime.

She is being held in custody whilewaiting for her trial.

ow long do you thin& theyll holdher in custody

bi< 6held n 6s=ltri

knfanmnt

It is wrong for prisoners to be held

in solitary con0nement.

6h?ld n 6s=ltriknfanmnt

9o you thin& they will hold her insolitary con0nement

bi< 6sentntst t6laf mpr)nmnt

e was sentenced to lifeimprisonment for murder.

6sentnts t 6laf mpr)nmnt

The judge sentenced her to lifeimprisonment.

6brabri nd k

r@p:n

3ribery and corruption was

common in their industry.

6du< k6m'u<ntisF<vs

Fommunity service is a moree*ective punishment than prison.

e wor&s in the constructionsector - hes a building manager.

The 0rm was contracted to supplythe wood.

e won a major contract for hiscompany.

Fredit card fraud usually happensbecause people are careless.

There have been large price risesin the energy sector.

They e1port a lot of the fruit theygrow.

!ost of our 0nance comes fromthe government.

e borrowed money to 0nancethe project.

She wor&s in the 0nancial sector

as ban&er.



mpG<t

mpG<t There are high ta1es on imports.

nkri<s

nkri<s Sales have increased recently.

nd@stril 6sekt

6pli<d glti

prdAekt

pr=dAekt

p@blk 6sekt

rkG<d e recorded all their names.

rekG<d There is no record of her visit.

ri<tel 6sekt

t7ks 6veAn

gv 6testmni nkG<t

She gave testimony in court thatshe had seen the accused runningfrom the scene of the crime.

e have to import this stone fromItaly.

They have o*ered their wor&ers a pay increase.

igh fuel prices have damagedthe industrial sector.

6mek n 7lge:n genst

hen the missing money wasnoticed, they made an allegationof fraud against Smith.

6m7n'?f7kt:rB

6sekt

'ur manufacturing sector has

shrun& considerably.e was given a lighter prisonsentence because he pleaded

p6)e:n v kn6tr?ld s@bstns

e was arrested on suspicion of possession of a controlledsubstance.

The president sought to project amuch tougher image.

e have now 0nished ourresearch project.

4ublic sector wor&ers are as&ingthe government for a pay rise.

r6si<v 6w@n t w@n /6gru<p ka?nslB

6eceiving group counselling willnot help the most seriouso*enders.

r6si<v saki7trk6help

4risoners with mental healthissues receive psychiatric help.

There are plenty of jobs in theretail sector.

6sF<v r6d'u<stsentns f 6g?d bhev'

She served a reduced sentencefor good behaviour.

6sF<v > 6f?lsentns

The judge insisted that she servethe full ten years.

:? 6evdns nkG<t

The defence showed evidence incourt which supported theaccused%s alibi.Ta1 evasion is not a crime, justcreative accounting.



tr7nspG<t

tr7nspG<t

tr7nspG<t 6sekt

tral

6valnt s=lt

:emd

bli<kkl@td

devstetd

6dslu<And

l7brt

v=ktv

g)=tk

.G<ls

fr@stretd

Dli<fl She gave a gleeful laugh.

grti

helpls

h'u<mrs

ak=nk

6nsk'?

dAels

mi<nBfl

The company provides wor&erswith transport to its factory.

The coal is transported to the power station.

$uel prices are e1tremelyimportant to the transport sector.


e was convicted of violentassault on a stranger.

!y behaviour at the party wasunforgivable. I feel so ashamed.

Its a blea& image of a remote

I li&e this photo of a room withvery little furniture in it - its not

too cluttered.It was the biggest game of the year and we had playedappallingly. I was absolutelydevastated.She became disillusioned with politics.

es wearing an elaboratecostume with fur and feathers andgold buttons.These old photos are veryevocative.

Street photography doesnt relyon having e1otic lenses.

7ou need perfect light to create a#awless image.

I needed to get in touch but Icouldn%t trac& her down. I felt veryfrustrated.

is war photographs were verygritty.

I felt helpless because there wasnothing I could do.

rwitts photographs tended to be playful, humorous and amusing.

7ou may perhaps have seen someof the artists iconic wor&.

I was the only person at the partywho was over J=. I felt a bitinsecure.!y brother had money, friends,and now a charming wife. I felt

4hotos that evo&e emotions arefar more powerful and meaningful

than just photos with goodcomposition.



6n?n=n$sns

6n=nsenskl;

b)F<vnt

6?vrksatd

petrfad

plefl

pa?fl

prtektv is parents were very protective.

rG<

rpettv

restls

s7tsfad

sense:nl

spi<t:ls

terbli I was terribly restless.

t?tli I was totally speechless.

6wel kmp?)d

67bsntmandd

7fbl;

b7k6brekB

6bl7Bkad

k7ptl)m

6klhedd

kl?sns

k?ldns

e gave us some no-nonsenseadvice.

is theories are completelynonsensical.

(ood street photography comesdown to having an observant eye.

The children were a bit over-e1cited.

There was a sna&e crawling acrossmy foot. I felt absolutely petri0ed.


4hotos that evo&e emotions arefar more powerful and meaningfulthan just photos with good

composition.

7ou can sense the raw emotion inher paintings.

The photos are very similar - theyget a bit repetitive.

I couldn%t concentrate on my boo&or T) or wor&. I was terriblyrestless.e were very satis0ed with ourholiday.

The new art gallery loo&s

It was the most beautiful thing I%dever seen. I was speechless.

is street scenes are well-composed but rather boring.

e may forget to phone you. e%srather absent-minded.

This research might e1plain thea*able tolerance of Fanadians.

Farrying bo1es upstairs wasbac&brea&ing wor&.

Keno is staring at me, at onceuncannily humanli&e but alsoeerily blan&-eyed.

They were protesting againstcapitalism.

She made her decision in a clear-headed way.

There was a closeness betweenthem.

I was upset by her coldnesstowards us.



k6l7bre:n

6dstrb'u<:n

ksklu<An

fens

6gen pspektv

6glE<si ad

6grE<sp v'u<pGnts

he6re)B

6hE<fhE<td

6hE<dhE<td

hE<t6wG<mB

h'u<mnlak

6nve:n

ntmsi

asletd

6asle:ndAG<6dr=pB

6lefth7ndd !y sister is left-handed.

6lbre:n

la.ak

6lathedd

6lathE<td

l?nlins /oneliness ma&es people feel cold.

They wor&ed in close collaborationwith an architect.

They helped with the distributionof supplies.

Studies have found that merelybeing reminded of an e1perienceof e1clusion prompts people to judge a room%s temperature ascolder.ell my idea for changing theworld can be justi0ed on thegrounds of justice and fairness.

e gain perspective at the cost ofintimacy.

The robot spo&e to me, whirringand glassy-eyed.

"ccording to new research, people

e1posed to warmer temperatures0nd it harder to grasp viewpointsother than their own.

The bra&es on the bus weren%twor&ing properly so it was a hair-raising journey.

e o*ered to help, but it was veryhalf-hearted.

9on%t e1pect any sympathy 5 he%svery hard-hearted.

The sight of elderly people in loveis heart-warming.

Keno is staring at me, at onceuncannily humanli&e but alsoeerily blan&-eyed.

e &nows about all the lastestinnovations in computertechnology.


4eople worry that social media arema&ing us lonely and isolated.

She was su*ering feelings ofThe amount they paid for thehouse was jaw-dropping.

I felt a great sense of liberationwhen I left my job.

The robots s&in loo&s and feelsstartlingly lifeli&e.

"fter eating nothing for ten hours,I began to feel a bit light-headed.

I%m fed up with serious 0lms. I%dli&e to see something more light-

hearted.



mtril)m

mand6b=gl;B

ma?H6wG<trB

6n7r?mandd

nF<vsns I could sense her nervousness.

6?pnmandd

=ptm)m There is little cause for optimism.

=strs)m

predA?ds

ru<dns e were shoc&ed by his rudeness.

sk'?rti These people have no job security.

6si< @> pspektv)

6selfk=n:s

6selfdtF<mnd

self:ns

6sepre:n

seprt)m

6:G<tsatd

6slimandd

6s?:l k=nt7kt

s?:l)m

I hate the materialism of oursociety.

9id you &now there are ;== billionstars just in our own gala1y It%smind-boggling.

e had some mouth-wateringThai food.

veryone in the villagedisapproves of my lifestyle.They%re all so narrow-minded.

e considers other points of view5 hes open-minded.

In a recent e1periment, ostracism

led to a drop in s&in temperature.

There is a history of prejudice inthe 8S south.

e%re better at seeing other perspectives when we%re chilly.


The robot may start to evolvespontaneously and unpredictably, producing surprising results,totally self-determined.

e complained about thesel0shness of his brothers.

!any couples had to endure long periods of separation.

es a member of the seperatismmovement.

Fan you tell me what that signsays I%m afraid I%m short-sighted.

6obots sometimes seem silly-

Temperature may be a crucial wayour bodies &eep trac& of whetherwe%re getting the social contactwe need.

She is strongly opposed tosocialism.



t=lrns

t@Btad

6wG<mhE<td

7kni

E<Hrats

bi< 6fE<st sli<p

bl=t:)

kG<) Sunbathing can cause wrin&les.

6sF<k'?le:n

6kl skn

k@m a?t n

6drft =f t sli<p

6dr=p =f t sli<p

6dra skn

fe:l

fe:l

6fan lan)fF<m

frekl)

fre:

get

h7v


4eople feel tongue-tied aroundconversational robots.

She will always help her friends 5shes warm hearted.

This cream helps reduce scars,acne and s&in rashes, as well assmoothing out wrin&les.

6gl?B kmplek:n

The facial leaves you with aglowing comple1ion.

er eyesight is deteriorating andshes got arthritis in her &nees.

6verd nd6b7lnst dat

eight loss can be aided byeating a varied and balanced diet.

!y husband is usually fast asleep

and he doesnt notice if I go out.e came out in blotches all overhis arms.

This alternative massage isdesigned to stimulate the bloodcirculation, creating a youthfulglow.9rin&ing lots of water can help you to have clear s&in.

If you have an allergic reaction, your s&in might come out in spots.

I go bac& to bed and I drift o* tosleep for a couple of hours.

I get tired around =HL== and I dropo* to sleep until =ML== or so.

This cream can help to preventdry s&in.

This treatment is designed to &eepthe facial muscles 0rm.


I use ma&e-up to hide any 0ne


She gets lots of frec&les insummer.

The facial leaves your s&in feelingfresh and renewed.

!ost people hate it when theystart getting wrin&les.

If you want to be a model, it helps

to have a glowing comple1ion.



6h7v n7p

hE<t 6tr@bl;

ndAek:n

6lat sli<p I%ve always been a light sleeper.

mGst:ra)

n=t 6sli<p wBk I couldn%t sleep a win&.

6Gli skn 9ont put cream on an oily s&in.

6?vsli skn

sp=ts /ots of teenagers get spots.

I may have a nap later in the day,after lunch.

Tooth loss and heart trouble arenot inevitable parts of ageing,

There%s no need to resort to painful injections or plastic

!oisturising daily combined withwee&ly facials helps to tighten and plump the s&in.

I never oversleep because I haveto get to wor&.

There%s no need to resort to painful injections or plastic

surgery.4oor circulation can be improvedby regular cardiovasculare1ercise. "nti-ageing creams are designedto prevent wrin&les.

7oung people are often prone toacne.


6reg'?l kE<di?6v7sk'?lrekssa)

4oor circulation can be improvedby regular cardiovasculare1ercise.

I naturally wa&e around =;L== or=NL== in the morning and I feelwide awa&e and quite restless.

!assage can help to preventsagging s&in.

e has saggy s&in on the bac&s ofhis arms.



hen shes tired, she really showsher age.

This facial gives you really smooths&in.

6streBkHnB cndt?nB 6ekssa))

Strengthening and toninge1ercises help to give you energy.

6s@f frm n

s=mni

'ne idea if you%re su*ering from

insomnia is to get out there andta&e some photos.



6HnB 7nd greB

tu<H 6l=s

6t=s 7nd tF<n

wet 6l=s

watnB 6tu<Hpest

6wad wek

rBkl)

6'el?B ti<H

6'u<Hfl Dl?

b@Bgl?

k7bn

detd

gresfl

ha?)B 6stet

mp?)B

nvtv

m7n:n

n=ndskrpt

6a?t v ples

6?v > t=p

pentha?s

The thinning and greying of hishair made him loo& much older.

6tatn nd 6pl@mp> skn



!y wife used to force me to getout of bed as I used to lie theretossing and turning all night.


Try our new whitening toothpaste.7ou%ll be ama:ed.

I naturally wa&e around =;L== or=NL== in the morning and I feelwide awa&e and quite restless.


Try this whitening toothpaste toget rid of yellowing teeth.

This alternative massage isdesigned to stimulate the bloodcirculation, creating a youthfulglow.!y grandparents live in abungalow.

The wal& too& us to a log cabin inthe woods.

Those houses are totallynondescript and pretty dated.

The graceful, elegant lines of thebuilding are very pleasing to theeye. It%s stunning.

I grew up on a housing estate nearamburg.

"s the town is fairly small, thelarge castle on the hill is really tooimposing and seems out of place.

The council wanted a stri&ing andinnovative town hall to bring amodern edge to their city.

I &now a millionaire who owns amansion in the Farribbean.



I really li&e the gold leaf in theceiling decorations, but for some people it%s tasteless and over the

top.She lives in a smart /ondon penthouse.



pa? 6ste:n6ri<kriet

6ri<dvelp

rgen

rdAenret

6ri<nstet

rdAu<vnet

renvet

rstG<

ri<tel 6pE<k

6ri<v7mp

6semidt7t:t 'ur house is semi-detached.

ska6skrep

st'u<di?

st@nB

testls

ta? 6bl=k

weha?s

dres

6sF<t w@n) rat

6t7k p=lsi)

G<dins

I wor& at a power station on the

There%s a place in Fhina wherethey%ve recreated a traditionalnglish town.The entire half-mile long stretch ofroad and pavement has beenredeveloped.

The town needs new industries soit regains its appeal as a place tolive and wor&.

The council%s policy is toregenerate the port area of the

6emoving the speed limit led to somany accidents that they

It%s good that students are movinginto this area. It will help torejuvenate it.

It%s a beautiful old building. They

just need to renovate it.The fountain in the main squarewas dry and falling to pieces. Aowthey%ve restored it.

e drove to a retail par& to dosome shopping.

This is the newly revamped1hibition 6oad in the heart of/ondon%s museum quarter.

very city needs an iconic

s&yscraper or two.

I cant even a*ord a studio in thiscity.

The graceful, elegant lines of thebuilding are very pleasing to theeye. It%s stunning.

I really li&e the gold leaf in theceiling decorations, but for some people it%s tasteless an over thetop.'ur new oEce is in a tower bloc&overloo&ing the river.

The boo&s are stored in awarehouse.

e &ept ma&ing comments underhis breath when he was supposedto be addressing the audience.

9uring the speech, he asserted hisright to e1press his opinion even ifit wasn%t a popular one.

The leader of the oppositionattac&ed government policies in aspeech that focused on the rise inunemployment.e &ept ma&ing comments under

his breath when he was supposedto be addressing the audience.



bi* +tempt- .fet

k=nsept

knklu<d

k=nfrns

knvnstknvnsB

k@stmri

d'u<bis

6fE<fet:t

6g?d fG<t:u<n

6g?d l@k 6t:E<m

g@lbl;

6fBD) kr=st

lstret

6m7dAk spel

6mek w:

6b7k @p nE<g'?mnt

e bac&ed up the arguments hemade by providing e1amples fromrecent research.

7ou should wear a motorbi&ehelmet. 7ou%ve been luc&y so far,but youre tempting fate.

She illustrated the concept withe1amples.

She concluded by encouragingmore people to try one of theirfree community educationcourses.e addressed the conference on$riday.

!y grandmother was absolutely

The idea that horseshoes bring you luc& doesn%t seem veryconvincing to me.

It is customary to hanghorseshoes above the front door.

6demnstret 6n'u<pr?t:

e demonstrated their newapproach but it was all a bitboring.6demnstret w@n)

@ndst7ndBShe demonstrated herunderstanding of comple1 socialissues by e1plaining them ineveryday language.I thin& most things that fortunetellers say are dubious, to say theleast.4eople%s stories about seeingghosts usually sound rather far-fetched to me.6g? nt 6fE< tu<

m@t: di<tel

She went into far too much detail

and presented the informationbadly.6g? nt > 6fan

pGntsI wont go into the 0ner points ofthe law.

The charm invites good fortuneand brings wealth to the owner.

These bracelets are worn as agood luc& charm.

4eople who believe in good luc&charms must be very gullible.

?I do hope /isa passes her nglishe1am.% ?7es, I%ll &eep my 0ngerscrossed.

e used lots of anecdotes toillustrate his points.

This mirror protects the houseagainst magic spells.

7ou ma&e a wish with every &not you tie in the ribbon.

mek 6k=ments@nd w@n) breH


mek 6Hr?we r

mE<ks

She made some throwaway

remar&s about her childhood.



6pe trb'u<t

pswesv

plG<)bl;

pr)nt

6sel n ad

6HF<d tam l@ki

6t@t: w?d

trd:nli

6vGs knsF<n)

w d f i vəl6 G< = <

mu<v 6=n tu< 6n'u< / 6dfrntt=pk

She lost her place whenever shemoved on to a new topicG

She began by paying tribute to allthe teachers who had inspired herthroughout her school years.

hen she tal&s about magic, I%msure what she says is true. She%svery persuasive.

!y friend says a fortune teller%sadvice led him to success, but Idon%t 0nd this very plausible.

She went into far too much detailand presented the information

pr6)nt 6ki< nfme:n

She presented &ey information ineasy-to-read tables.

In her presentation, she sold the

idea of more #e1ible wor&inghours to her managers.

6s@mra) > 6ki< ad)

She summarised the &ey ideas inher presentation with a list of

I%ve failed the driving test twicenow. "h well, third time luc&y.

t 6bi< =n > sef6sad

I &now it%s not raining, but ta&e anumbrella just to be on the safeside.They%ve agreed to sell the house,so this time ne1t wee& it%ll be ours5 touch wood.

orseshoes were traditionallynailed above doorways.

e saw his speech as anopportunity to voice concernsabout the rise in crime in hisneighbourhood.The mirrors face outwards so they canward off evil.



Advanced wordlistENGLISH PoS Definition Pronunciation (U!

phrase 6fBD) kr=st

phrase 6dstnt memri

phrase

phrase something that you never forget 6lE<stB memri

phrase a memory that makes you feel upset 6penfl memri

phrase

a rapid rise phrase a fast increase 6r7pd ra)

phrase 6r7:nl HBk

a steady shift phrase a continuing change 6stedi :ft

phrase a very beautiful place in a hot area

phrase a memory that is not clear 6veg memri

phrase

phrase a memory that is very clear 6vvd memri

adj often forgetting things 67bsntmandd

acne noun 7kni

(&ll eep my)!ngers

something you say when you hopethat something will happen the way

a distantmemory

a memory that is not clear becausethe thing you remember happened a

long time ago

a glowingcomplexion

the warm healthy appearance of theskin on someones face

6gl?B kmplek:n

a lastingmemory

a painfulmemory

aphotographic

memory

the ability to remember things ingreat detail

f?t6gr7fkmemri

a rationalthiner

someone whose thoughts are basedon facts and not aected by theiremotions or imagination

a tropicalparadise

6tr=pklp7rdas

a vaguememory

a varied andbalanced diet

a diet that includes healthy amountsof a lot of dierent foods

6verd nd6b7lnst dat

a vividmemory

absent'minded

a skin problem that causes a lot ofred spots on the face



phrase to learn a language

acquisition noun 67kw):n

address verb to speak to someone dres

a"able adj pleasant and friendly 7fbl ;

a$uent adj having a lot of money 7.unt

noun

arid desert phrase 67rd de)t

phrase

arthritis noun E<Hrats

ashamed adj :emd

phrase 6sF<t w@n) rat

attac policies phrase 6t7k p=lsi)

phrase to reach a particular standard

audience noun G<dins

phrase

bac'breaing adj needing a lot of hard physical eort b7k6brekB

phrase b7n frm

phrase almost impossible to notice 6beli pseptbl ;

phrase

phrase bi< b7nd frm

phrase

acquire alanguage

6kwar l7BgwdA

the process of learning or gettingsomething

agriculturalsector

businesses and industries connectedwith farming

67grk@lt:rl6sekt

a large sandy area with almost norain

arrest sb onsuspicion ofsth

#f the police arrest someone onsuspicion of a crime they take themto the police station because they

6rest =n ssp:nv

an illness which causes pain in theparts of the body where bones meet

feeling bad because you have donesomething wrong

assert one&sright (to dosth)

to say strongly that you have theright to do something

to critici)e someone"s ideas andplans

attain a level /degree ofcompetence

6ten 6levl /d6gri< v k=mptns

the people who sit and watch aperformance at a theatre cinemaetc

bac up anargument

to give information that proves thatwhat you are saying is correct

6b7k @p nE<g'?mnt

ban sb fromdoing sth

to tell someone o!cially that theycannot do something

barelyperceptible

be arrested onsuspicion of

#f someone is arrested on suspicionof a crime they are taken to the

bi< 6restd =n ssp:n v

be bannedfrom doingsth

to be o!cially told that you cannotdo something

be brought

face'to'facewith a victim

to meet a person against whom you

have committed a crime

bi< brG<t 6fes t

fes w> 6vktm



phrase to be found guilty of a crime bi< knvktd v

be fast asleep phrase very deeply asleep bi< 6fE<st sli we a?t

phrase

phrase bi< 6temptB fet

blan'eyed adj 6bl7Bkad

blea adj bli<k

blotches bl=t:)

bog noun an area of soft wet ground b=g

verb b=mbE<d w>

phrase

verb brB a?t

phrase

verb to improve your skills in a language br@: @p

bungalow noun b@Bgl?

cabin noun a small house made of wood k7bn phrase very still blue-green sea

capability noun the ability or power to do something 6kepblti

be convictedof sth

to be forced to pay money as apunishment

be foundguilty (of sth)

#f you are found guilty of a crime acourt decides you have done it$

be held incustody

to be kept in prison especially whenwaiting for a trial

be held insolitary

to be kept in a room on your own in aprison

bi< 6held n 6s=ltriknfanmnt

be on the wayout

to start to disappear or no longerexist

be sentencedto life

to be given the punishment ofspending the rest of your life in

bi< 6sentntst t6laf mpr)nmnt

be temptingfate

to take a silly risk and depend toomuch on good luck

with eyes that do not expressthoughts or emotions

without comfort decoration orhappiness

pluralnoun

marks that are not regular in shapefor example on a person"s skin

bombard sbwith sth

to give someone too muchinformation ask them too many&uestions etc

bribery andcorruption

the crime of trying to make peopledo illegal things by paying them

6brabri nd kr@p:n

bring out sth(in sb) to make a particular &ualitynoticeable

bring sb face'to'face with a

to bring someone to meet a personagainst whom they have committed

brB 6fes t fesw> 6vktm

brush up(one’s

a house that has all its rooms on theground .oor

calmturquoise

6kE<m 6tF<kwG)wG<t)



capitalism noun k7ptl)m

phrase

cause verb kG<)

circulation noun 6sF<k'?le:n

clear sin phrase 6kl sknclear'headed adj thinking in a clear and logical way 6klhedd

closeness noun kl?sns

cluttered adj untidy and too full of ob'ects kl@td

coldness noun the &uality of being unfriendly k?ldns

collaboration noun k6l7bre:n

verb k@m kr=s

verb k@m a?t ncome to mind phrase 6k@m t mand

noun

competence noun the ability to do something well k=mptns

concept noun an idea or principle k=nsept

conclude verb to end something knklu<d

conference noun k=nfrns

conscientious adj 6k=n:ien:s

conscious adj k=n:s

noun knstr@k:n 6sekt

contract verb kntr7kt

contract noun k=ntr7kt

phrase knvkt v

convinced adj completely certain about something knvnst

a political and economic system inwhich industry is owned privately for

cast yourmind bac (to

to try to remember something thathappened in the past

6kE<st 'G< mandb7k

to make something happenespecially something bad

the movement of blood around thebody

skin especially on the face that has

knowing someone well and likingeach other a lot

when two or more people worktogether to create or achieve the

come across(to sb)

to seem to be a particular kind ofperson

come out in (a #f you come out in something such as#f something comes to mind youthink of it$

communityservice

work that is of bene%t to thecommunity done as a form of

punishment

6du< k6m'u<ntisF<vs

a large meeting often lasting a fewdays where people talk about asub'ectalways doing your work with a lot ofcare

awake and able to think and notice

things

constructionsector

businesses and industries connectedwith making buildings roads etc

to make a legal agreement withsomeone to do work or to have workdone for youa legal agreement between twopeople or organi)ations

convict sb ofsth

to say o!cially that someone isguilty of a crime



convincing adj knvnsB

crawl verb to move on your hands and knees krG<l

phrase kredt kE<d 6frG<d

creep verb to move very &uietly and carefully kri<p

customary adj k@stmri

verb k@t w@nself =f

phrase

dated adj not modern detd

dedication noun 6dedke:n

verb

phrase

dense adj dens

deprived adj dpravd

destitute adj destt'u<t

devastated adj very shocked and upset devstetd

discipline noun dspln

disillusioned adj 6dslu<And

phrase d6sp?)bl; Bk@m

distraction noun dstr7k:n

distribution noun 6dstrb'u<:n

drift verb drft

able to make you believe thatsomething is true or right

credit cardfraud the crime of using a credit card or thdetails of a credit card in an illegalway

normal or expected for a particularperson situation or society

cut oneself o" to keep yourself away from otherpeople

dar pools ofstagnantwater

small areas of water that is dark incolour and smells unpleasantbecause it does not .ow

dE<k 6pu<l) v6st7gnnt wG<t

being willing to give a lot of time and

demonstrate anew approach

to show a dierent way of doingsomething

6demnstret 6n'u<pr?t:

demonstrateone&sunderstanding

to show that you understandsomething well

6demnstret w@n)@ndst7ndB

with a lot of people or things closetogether

not having enough food money andthe things that you need to have anormal life

so poor that you do not have thebasic things you need to live such as

the ability to control yourself and

make yourself do thingsfeeling disappointed becausesomething is not as good as youthought it wasdisposable

incomethe amount of money that you haveavailable to spend after tax rent and

something that makes you stopgiving your attention to somethingelse

when something is supplied or givenout to people or places

to be moved slowly somewhere by

wind or water



phrase to to gradually start to sleep 6drft =f t sli<p

phrase to start to sleep 6dr=p =f t sli<p

dry sin phrase 6dra skn

dubious adj d'u<bis

elaborate adj complicated or with a lot of details l7brt

phrase 6empti mG<lnd

energy sector noun endAi 6sekt

phrase not noticed at all n6tali @nn?tst

evocative adj v=ktv

exclusion noun ksklu<An

exotic adj g)=tk

export verb kspG<t

export noun ekspG<t

exposure noun ksp?A

facial adj of or on the face fe:l

facial noun fe:l

fairness noun fens

far'fetched adj 6fE<fet:t

!nance noun fan7ns

!nance verb fn7ns / fan7ns

noun fan7n:l 6sekt

drift o" tosleep

drop o" tosleep

skin that does not have as much oilin it as it needs

thought not to be completely truehonest or legal

emptymoorland

an open area of countryside withrough grass and bushes but no trees


with producing and selling fuel

entirelyunnoticed

making you remember or imaginesomething that is pleasant

when someone or something is notallowed to take part in an activity orto enter a place

unusual interesting and oftenforeign

to send goods to another country inorder to sell them there

a product that you sell in anothercountry

when someone experiencessomething or is aected by itbecause they are in a particularsituation or place

a beauty treatment involving gentle

when you treat everyone in the sameway so that no one has an

di!cult to believe and not likely tobe true

the money that someone / anorganisation has

to give the money that is needed todo something

!nancial

sector


with money



phrase 6fand glti

!ne verb fan

!ne lines phrase 6fan lan)

!rm adj not soft but not completely hard fF<m

!t in verb ft n

awless adj .G<ls

foothills f?thl)

forest canopy phrase 6f=rst k7npi

frecles small pale brown spots on the skin frekl)

fresh adj clean and pleasant fre:

frustrated adj fr@stretd

phrase 6gen pspektv

get verb to obtain or buy something get

phrase 6get k@stmd tuC

phrase 6get t Drps w>

phrase

glassy'eyed adj 6glE<si ad

gleeful adj Dli<fl

phrase

phrase

verb g? =n ba?t

phrase

!nd sb guilty(of sth)

#f a 'udge or 'ury %nds you guiltythey decide that you committed acrime$to make someone pay money as apunishment

very narrow lines on the skin of yourface

to feel that you belong to a particulargroup and are accepted by them

with no mistakes or badcharacteristics

pluralnoun

the lower hills next to a mountain orline of mountains

the branches and leaves that spreadout at the top of a group of trees

pluralnoun

annoyed because things are nothappening in the way that you want

gainperspective

to learn to understand which thingsare most important in life

getaccustomed to

to experience something oftenenough for it to seem normal to you

get to gripswith sth

to understand and deal with aproblem or situation

givetestimony in

to give a statement in court aboutwhat you know about a crime

gv 6testmni nkG<t

having shiny eyes that make youlook as though you have no emotions

full of happiness excitement orpleasure

go into far toomuch detail

to give much too much informationabout something

6g? nt 6fE< tu<m@t: di<tel

go into the!ner points

to talk about small details ofsomething

6g? nt > 6fanpGnts

go on aboutsth

to talk in an annoying way aboutsomething for a long time

go with one&s

gut instinct

to do what your feelings tell you is

right

6g? w> w@n) g@t

nstBkt



good fortune phrase good luck 6g?d fG<t:u<n

phrase 6g?d l@k 6t:E<m

graceful adj elegant and attractive gresfl

phrase to slowly be replaced by something

grasp verb to understand something grE<sp

phrase 6grE<sp v'u<pGnts

gritty adj grti

phrase to increase by a large amount 6gr? sbst7n:li

gullible adj g@lbl;

hair'raising adj very frightening he6re)B

half'hearted adj without much eort or interest 6hE<fhE<td

hard'hearted adj not caring how other people feel 6hE<dhE<td

hardship noun hE<d:p

have verb to own something h7v

have a hunch phrase 6h7v h@nt:

have a nap phrase to have a short sleep 6h7v n7p

phrase 6h7v n f

heart trouble phrase an illness connected with the heart hE<t 6tr@bl;

adj hE<t6wG<mB

helpless adj helpls

phrase to have a conversation

verb h?ld w@nself b7k

phrase 6h?ld n k@stdi

good luccharm

an ob'ect that is thought to have theability to bring good luck

gradually giveway to sth

6gr7d'?li gv wetu<

graspviewpoints

to understand other people"sopinions

showing unpleasant details about asituation in a way that seems very

growsubstantially

4omeone who is gullible is easilytricked because they trust people toomuch$

a problem or situation that makesyou suer a lot especially becauseyou are very poor

to have an idea that is based onfeeling and for which there is noproof

have an earfor sth to be good at hearing repeating orunderstanding a particular type of

heart'warming

seeming to be something positiveand good and therefore causing

not able to do things for yourself orprotect yourself

hold aconversation

6h?ld 6k=nvse:n

hold oneselfbac

to prevent yourself from doingsomething

hold sb in to keep someone in prison especially



phrase

noun ha?)B 6stet

phrase

phrase very important

humanlie adj similar to a person h'u<mnlak

humorous adj funny or making you laugh h'u<mrs

hurtle verb hF<tl;

iconic adj ak=nkillustrate verb lstret

phrase mF<s w@n6self n

import verb mpG<t

import noun mpG<t

imposing adj looking big and important mp?)B

impoverished adj poor or made poor mp=vr:t

increase noun nkri<s

increase verb nkri<s

noun nd@stril 6sekt

in%ection noun ndAek:n

innovation noun 6nve:n

innovative adj using new methods or ideas nvtv

insecure adj ns kj ə6 ?

insight noun nsat

interaction noun 6ntr7k:n

hold sb insolitary

to keep someone in a room on theirown in a prison

6h?ld n 6s=ltriknfanmnt

housingestate

an area with a large number ofhouses that were built at the same

huge sanddunes

very large hills of sand in a desert onon the coast

6h'u<dA s7nddAu<n)

hugelysigni!cant

6h'u<dAli sgnfknt

to move very &uickly in a way whichis not controlled and may bedangerousvery famous or popular especiallyto show the meaning or truth ofsomething more clearly

immerseoneself in sth

to become completely involved insomething

to buy or bring in products fromanother country

a product which is imported fromanother country

when the number or si)e ofsomething gets bigger

to get bigger or to make somethingbigger

industrialsector

businesses and industries connectedwith producing goods especially infactories or special areas

when someone puts a drug into your

body using a needlea new idea or method that is beingtried for the %rst time or the use ofsuch ideas or methods

having no confidence in yourself and whatyou can do

the ability to understand whatsomething is really like or anexample of this

the activity of talking and doingthings with other people or the way



interference noun 6ntfrns

intimacy noun ntmsi

isolated adj asletd

isolation noun a feeling of being lonely 6asle:n

%aw'dropping adj very surprising or shocking dAG<6dr=pB

%ealous adj dAels

%ungle noun dA@Bgl;

eep at it phrase ki<p 7t t

phrase 6n? s@bk=nt:sli

lasting adj continuing to exist for a long time lE<stB

leap verb to 'ump somewhere li<p

left'handed adj 6lefth7ndd

liberation noun 6lbre:n

lifelie adj #f something is lifelike it looks real$ la.ak

light sleeper phrase 6lat sli<p

light'headed adj di))y 6lathedd

light'hearted adj not serious 6lathE<td

limitation noun 6lmte:n

limp verb lmp

literacy noun the ability to read and write ltrsi

phrase

loneliness noun the state of being lonely l?nlins

magic spell noun 6m7dAk spel

mae a wish phrase 6mek w:

when something aects what you aretrying to achieve

when you have a very specialfriendship or sexual relationship with

feeling unhappy because of notseeing or talking to other people

not happy because you wantsomething that someone else has

an area of land in a hot countrywhere trees and plants grow close

to continue working hard at

something di!cultnow sthsubconsciousl

to know something without activelythinking about it

using your left hand to do mostthings

an occasion when something or

someone is released or made free$

someone who is easily woken up bynoise etc

when something is controlled so that

it is less than a particular amount orto walk with di!culty because one ofyour legs or feet is hurt

live withinone&s means

to not spend more money than youhave

6lv w6>n w@n)mi<n)

words that are thought to havemagical powers

to think of something that you hopewill be made real by magic powers



phrase

phrase

phrase 6mek end) mi<t

phrase

mansion noun a very large house m7n:n

noun

march verb mE<t:

marsh noun an area of soft wet land mE<:

materialism noun mtril)m

meaningful adj useful serious or important mi<nBfl

mentality noun ment7lti

mind'boggling adj mand6b=gl;B

moisturise verb mGst:ra)

phrase

motivation noun 6m?tve:n

adj delicious ma?H6wG<tr phrase

adj 6n7r?mandd

necessity noun something that you need nsesti

nervousness noun the state of being nervous nF<vsns

nondescript adj not interesting n=ndskrpt

no'nonsense adj 6n?n=n$sns

nonsensical adj silly or stupid 6n=nsenskl ;

mae anallegation ofsth against sb

to say that someone has donesomething wrong

6mek n 7lge:n genst

maecommentsunder one&sbreath

to say things very &uietly so thatother people cannot hear exactlywhat you are saying

mek 6k=ments@nd w@n) breH

mae endsmeet

to have or earn enough money to beable to pay for the things you need

maethrowaway

to say things without thinkingcarefully and in a way that is not

mek 6Hr?we rmE<ks

manufacturingsector

businesses and industries connectedwith making goods

6m7n'?f7kt:rB6sekt

(hen soldiers march they walktogether with regular steps$

the belief that having money andpossessions is the most importantthing in life

a person"s opinions or way ofthinking

di!cult to accept imagine orunderstand

to put cream on your skin to stop itfrom becoming dry

mosquito'

an area of very soft wet land that m=6ski<t? n6festd

the need or reason for doingsomething

mouth'

move on to anew/di"erenttopic

to start to talk about somethingdierent

mu<v 6=n tu< 6n'u< / 6dfrntt=pk

narrow'minded

not willing to accept new ideas or

opinions dierent from your own

practical and serious and onlyinterested in doing what is necessaryor achieving what is intended



phrase to not sleep at all n=t 6slii< nkri<s

ongoing adj still happening =Bg?B

open'minded adj 6?pnmandd

optimism noun =ptm)m

ostracism noun =strs)m

out of place adj 6a?t v ples

over the top adj too extreme and not suitable 6?v > t=p

over'excited adj 6?vrksatd

oversleep verb to sleep longer than you wanted to 6?vsli<p

phrase to praise someone or something 6pe trb'u<t

penthouse noun pentha?s

persuasive adj pswesv

petri!ed adj extremely frightened petrfad

verb pk @p

noun 6pl7stk sF<dAri

plausible adj plG<)bl;

playful adj funny and not serious plefl phrase 6pli<d glti

plunge verb pl@ndA

not sleep awin

on theincrease

#f something is on the increase it ishappening more often$

willing to consider ideas and opinionsthat are new or dierent to your own

when you believe good things willhappen

the practice of avoiding someoneintentionally or preventing them from

very dierent from other things in anarea and not seeming suitable for it

behaving in a silly way because youare too excited

pay tribute (tosb / sth)

an expensive apartment at the top ofa building

able to make people agree to do

something

pic up (a newlanguage,

to learn a new language by practisingit and not by being taught

plastic operations on someone"s face or

#f something that someone says orwrites is plausible it could be true$

plead guilty(to sth)

to admit in court that you committeda crime

to fall or move down very &uickly andwith force



phrase 6pG< sF<k'?le:n

phrase the crime of having illegal drugs

power station noun a place where electricity is produced pa? 6ste:n

powerful adj pa?fl

pre%udice noun predA?ds

present verb pr)nt

phrase

prestige noun presti<A

prevent verb prvent

phrase very clean and beautiful beaches 6prsti<n bi<t:)

pro%ect verb prdAekt

pro%ect noun a planned piece of work pr=dAekt

phrase pr?n tu<prosperity noun pr=sperti

protective adj prtektv

public sector noun p@blk 6sekt

phrase 6p?t ntu< pr7kts

rainforest noun renf=rst

rash noun r7:

rational adj r7:nl

raw adj rG<

reasonable adj fair and showing good 'udgment ri<)nbl ; phrase

poorcirculation

when the blood does not travelaround your body as strongly as itshouldpossession of

a controlledp6)e:n v kn6tr?ld s@bstns

having a very great eect on youremotions

when someone does not like a groupof people or treats them badlybecause they are a dierent racesex religion etcto give provide or make somethingknown

present eyinformation

to tell an audience very importantfacts

pr6)nt 6ki< nfme:n

when people feel respect and

to stop something happening or tostop someone doing something

pristinebeaches

to emphasise a particular &uality sothat this is what people notice aboutyou

prone to likely to suer from an illness orwhen a person or a country has a lot

of moneywanting to protect someone fromcriticism hurt danger etc because

businesses and industries that areowned or controlled by the

put sth intopractice

to start to do something you havelearned how to do

a forest with a lot of tall trees whereit rains a lot

a temporary skin condition involvinga group of small spots

based on facts and not aected bysomeone"s emotions or imagination

eelings or &ualities that are raw arestrong and di!cult to control$

receive one'to'one / group

counselling

to get advice from someone who istrained to listen to your problems on

your own / with a group of otherpeople

r6si<v 6w@n t w@n /6gru<p ka?nslB



phrase

record verb rkG<d

record noun rekG<d

recreate verb 6ri<kriet

redevelop verb 6ri<dvelp

hp

regain verb to get something back again rgen

regenerate verb to improve a place or system rdAenret

phrase

reinstate verb 6ri<nstet

re%uvenate verb rdAu<vnet

relate to sb verb rlet t

reluctance noun rl@ktns

remote adj far away rm?t

renovate verb renvet

repetitive adj rpettv

restless adj restls

restless adj restls

restore verb to repair something old rstG<

retail par noun .ri*tel +p*

retail sector noun ri<tel 6sekt

revamp verb 6ri<v7mp

receivepsychiatrichelp

to get help from a doctor who treatsmental illness

r6si<v saki7trk6help

to write down information or store iton a computer so that it can be usedin the future

information that is written on paperor stored on a computer so that it

to make something exist or happenagain

to make a place more modern byimproving old buildings or buildingnew ones

refresh one’smemory (of

to remind yourself of something youalready know

r6fre: w@n)memri

regularcardiovascular

regular exercise that strengthensyour heart and lungs

6reg'?l kE<di?6v7sk'?lr

to cause a rule law etc to existagain

to make a place look new and livelyagain

to understand and communicate with

someone in a particular way

when someone does not want to dosomething

to repair and decorate a building thatis old and in bad condition

doing or saying the same thingseveral times especially in a waythat is boring

not able to be still or relax becauseyou are bored or nervous

unwilling or unable to stay still or tobe &uiet and calm because you areworried or bored

an area with several large shops

businesses and industries connectedwith selling things in shops or online

to change something in order to

make it better



phrase a %eld with a lot of grass 6rt: 6gri<n med?

rocy ground phrase 6r=ki gra?nd

roll verb r?l

rudeness noun the &uality of being rude ru<dns

phrase 6r@gd k?stlan

run sb down verb to critici)e someone often unfairly r@n da?n

rush verb to hurry or move somewhere &uickly r@:

rusty adj r@sti

sagging adj s7Dsaggy sin phrase skin that is loose and hangs down 6s7Di sknsatis!ed adj s7tsfad

phrase 6asat dtrirets

scar noun skE<

security noun sk'?rti

phrase 6si< @> pspektv)

self'con!dent adj 6selfk=nfdnt

self'conscious adj 6selfk=n:s

self'conscious adj 6selfk=n:s

adj making your own decisions 6selfdtF<mnd

sel!shness noun the &uality of being sel%sh self:ns

sell an idea phrase 6sel n ad

adj 6semidt7t:t

sensational adj very exciting or extremely good sense:nl

sensible adj sensbl;

rich greenmeadow

ground that is covered with largepieces of stone

to move somewhere by turning in acircular direction

ruggedcoastline

rough and rocky land by the edge ofthe sea

#f a skill you had is rusty it is not nowgood because you have forgotten it$

hanging down lower less %rm than

pleased because you have got whatyou wanted

sb&s eyesightdeteriorates

#f your eyesight deteriorates youbegin to see less well$

a permanent mark left on the bodyfrom a cut or other in'ury

when something is not likely to fail orbe lost

see other

perspectives

to understand the situations and

opinions of other people

feeling sure about yourself and yourabilities

too aware of what other people arethinking about you and yourappearance

too aware of what other people arethinking about you and yourappearance

self'determined

to persuade people that an idea isgood

semi'detached

3 semi-detached house has one wallthat is 'oined to another house$

showing the ability to make good

decisions and do things which will



sensitive adj senstv

phrase

separation noun 6sepre:n

separatism noun seprt)m

phrase

phrase

sheer cli"s phrase vertical clis 6: klfs

short'sighted adj 6:G<tsatd

phrase

phrase 6:? w@n) edA

silly'minded adj not intelligent 6slimandd

syscraper noun a very tall building ska6skrep

phrase to sleep very well 6sli skn

soar verb sG<

social contact phrase 6s?:l k=nt7kt

socialism noun s?:l)m

speechless adj spi<t:ls

spots sp=ts

often upset by the things people sayor do

sentence sbto life

to give someone the punishment ofspending the rest of their life in

6sentnts t 6laf mpr)nmnt

when people or things are separateor become separate from otherpeople or things

the belief held by people of aparticular race religion or othergroup within a country that they

serve areduced

to be allowed to leave prison earlybecause you have behaved well

6sF<v r6d'u<stsentns f 6g?d b

serve the fullsentence

to be in prison for the whole time thecourt said you should stay there

6sF<v > 6f?lsentns

not able to see far without wearingglasses

showevidence in

to show proof of something during atrial

:? 6evdns nkG<t

show one&sage

to look as old as you are especiallywhen you are old

sleep lie a

slip one’smind

#f something slips your mind youforget it$

#f a remark slips out you say itwithout intending to$

skin that has no wrinkles spots orother lumps

to move &uickly and smoothly in thesky

time spent with other peopleespecially friends

a political system in which thegovernment owns importantbusinesses and industries and which

unable to speak because you are soangry shocked surprised etc

plural

noun

small raised red circles on the skin

that are temporary



stagger verb to walk as if you might fall st7g

phrase

stroll verb str?l

verb to %nd something di!cult str@gl ; w>

studio noun st'u<di?

stunning adj very beautiful st@nB

subtle adj not obvious or easy to notice s@tl

phrase

phrase

tae hold phrase to start to be fre&uent tek h?ld

phrase

tasteless adj ugly or without style testls

tax evasion phrase t7ks 6veAn

terribly adv very terbli

phrase the middle of an area > hE<t v

phrase the open entrance of a cave

phrase > 6pr?) nd k=n)

thin logically phrase 6HBk l=dAkli

thin sth over verb HBk ?v

phrase 6HBk twas bfG<

phrase becoming thin and grey 6HnB 7nd greB

phrase 6HF<d tam l@ki

strengtheningand toningexercises

physical exercises that make yourstonger and make your body more%rm

6streBkHnB cndt?nB 6ekssa))

to walk somewhere in a slow andrelaxed way

struggle (withsth)

a very small apartment with one

su"er from

insomnia

to have the condition of not being

able to sleep over a period of time

6s@f frm n

s=mni

summarisethe ey ideas

to express the most important factsor ideas in a short and clear form

6s@mra) > 6ki< ad)

taespontaneousdecisions

to decide things &uickly withoutthinking about them a lot

6tek sp=n6tenisdsAn)

the crime of not paying the tax you

owe

the heart of(therainforest,

the mouth ofa cave

> 6ma?H v kev

the pros andcons

the advantages and disadvantages ofsomething

to think in a way that uses facts andreason

to consider an idea or plan carefullybefore making a decision

thin twicebefore doingsth

to think very carefully before you dosomething

thinning andgreying

third timelucy

something you say when you hopethat something will be successful on



phrase

phrase

tolerance noun t=lrns

tongue'tied adj t@Btad

tooth loss phrase when your teeth fall out tu<H 6l=s

toss and turn phrase 6t=s 7nd tF<n

totally adv completely t?tli

touch wood phrase 6t@t: w?d

tower bloc noun ta? 6bl=k

traditionally adv trd:nli

transport noun tr7nspG<t

transport verb tr7nspG<t

noun tr7nspG<t 6sekt

phrase 6treA > memri

trial noun tral

phrase to cause you to remember something 6trgr memri

tropical adj tr=pkl

undergrowth noun @ndgr?H

untouched adj not changed or damaged in any way @nt@t:t

phrase 6veDli rmemb

vegetation noun 6vedAte:n

tighten andplump thesin

to make your skin tighter and lessthin

6tatn nd 6pl@mp> skn

to be on thesafe side

being especially careful in order toavoid something unpleasant

t 6bi< =n > sef6sad

the &uality of allowing people to door believe what they want althoughyou do not agree with it

unable to say anything because youare nervous

to be very restless and unable tosleep

said when you talk about somethingyou hope is true or hope will happento avoid bad luck

a very tall building divided intoapartments or o!ces

following or belonging to the customsor ways of behaving that havecontinued in a group of people or

a vehicle or system of vehicles suchas buses trains aeroplanes etc forgetting from one place to another

to move people or things from oneplace to another

transportsector

businesses and industries connectedwith moving people and goods from

treasure thememory (ofsth)

to feel that a memory is veryimportant and that it gives youpleasure

a legal process to decide if someoneis guilty of a crime

trigger amemory (of

from or in the hottest parts of theworld

short plants and bushes that growaround trees

vaguelyremember sth

to remember something but not atall clearly

the plants and trees that grow in aparticular area



violent assault phrase 6valnt s=lt

phrase to express worries 6vGs knsF<n)

ward o" evil phrase 6wG<d =f i<vl

warehouse noun weha?s

warm'hearted adj kind 6wG<mhE<td

weigh sth up verb we @p

weight loss phrase wet 6l=s

adj arranged in an attractive way 6wel kmp?)d

well'o" adj having a lot of money 6wel=f

whirl verb wF<l

phrase watnB 6tu<Hpest

whi## verb to move somewhere very &uickly w)

whoosh verb w?:

wide awae phrase completely awake 6wad wek

wilderness noun wldns

phrase the sides of hills covered with trees 6w?dd sl?ps

wrinles rBkl)

phrase teeth that are becoming yellow 6'el?B ti<H

youthful glow phrase 6'u<Hfl Dl?

#oom verb to move somewhere very &uickly )u<m

a forceful attack that hurts someonephysically

voiceconcerns

to prevent something bad fromharming you or coming close to you

a large building for keeping thingsthat are going to be sold

to think carefully about theadvantages and disadvantages of asituation before making a decision

when you become thinner and start

to weigh less

well'composed

to move or make something move&uickly round and round

whitening

toothpaste

toothpaste that makes your teeth

whiter

to move somewhere very &uicklyoften making a noise like wind

a place that is in a completelynatural state without housesindustry roads etc

woodedslopes

pluralnoun

lines on your face that you get whenyou grow old

yellowingteeth

the warm healthy appearance of theskin typical of young people



E"am#le

10 119

, ,9

8 95

, ,9

, ,9

, ,9

1 12

I%m a very rational thin&er. , ,,

1 12

* 1+0

, ,9

8 1+5

, ,9

1+,

8 1+5

Unitnumber

Pagenumber

?I do hope /isa passes her nglishe1am.% ?7es, I%ll &eep my 0ngers

'nce the city was rebuilt, thestorm became a distant memory

for most people.


Their trip to )enice was a lastingmemory, full of magic.

I have a painful memory of my catgetting run over when I was achild.

e has a photographic memoryand can paint places he hasn%t

seen since childhood.

The use of continuous passiveverb forms has also seen a rapid

There was a steady shift towardmore frequent use of the verb +

The island can only be describedas a tropical paradise.

I only ever have a vague memoryof my journey to wor&.


I have a vivid memory of our teamwinning the orld Fup when I wasa &id.

e may forget to phone you. e%srather absent-minded.

This cream helps reduce scars,acne and s&in rashes, as well as

smoothing out wrin&les.



1 158

1 158

10 11+

85

* *,

5 59

* 1+0

5 1+2

8 1+5

+ 1

10 1+

10 1+

1 158

10 11+

10 1+

1+,

5 1+2

1 12

5 1+2

5 1+2

5 1+2

Some learners appear to be ableto acquire a language withoutmuch formal study.

In this article, llen !c"rthurre#ects on her acquisition of$rench.

e &ept ma&ing comments underhis breath when he was supposed


In a@uent suburbs li&e this one,house prices are e1tremely high.

ages are often low in theagricultural sector.

Aever before had I been to suchan arid desert.

The police arrested her onsuspicion of murder.


!y behaviour at the party wasunforgivable. I feel so ashamed.

9uring the speech, he asserted hisright to e1press his opinion even ifit wasn%t a popular one.

The leader of the oppositionattac&ed government policies in a

I%m not sure if I%ll ever attain anative spea&er level ofcompetence.


e bac&ed up the arguments hemade by providing e1amples from

Farrying bo1es upstairs wasbac&brea&ing wor&.

The judge banned her fromdriving.

'ne lasting change to nglish thatwas barely perceptible at the time

" HC-year-old woman was arrestedon suspicion of money laundering.

4eople who drin& and drive shouldbe permanently banned fromdriving.

Friminals should be brought face-

to-face with their victims.



5 1+2

8 9,

5 1+2

5 1+2

5 1+2

5 1+2

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5 1+2

10 119

81

+ 1+*

8 1+5

* 1+0

She bombarded me questions. 2 22

5 58

2 22

5 1+2

1 9

9 1++

9 1++

* 1+0

1 158

e%s been convicted of murderand sent to prison.

!y husband is usually fast asleepand he doesnt notice if I go out.

The company was 0ned a si10gure sum.

9espite a strong defence case, hewas found guilty of the crime.


It is wrong for prisoners to be heldin solitary con0nement.

Sti*, formal words li&e shall andought are on the way out.

e was sentenced to lifeimprisonment for murder.

7ou should wear a motorbi&ehelmet. 7ou%ve been luc&y so far,

Keno is staring at me, at onceuncannily humanli&e but also

Its a blea& image of a remotecottage.

e came out in blotches all overhis arms.

"nimals sometimes get stuc& inthe bog.

3ribery and corruption wascommon in their industry.

I often felt that my silence broughtout the best in people.

Id li&e to bring him face-to-facewith his victim.

llen !ac"rthur%s career forcedher to brush up her school-girl

!y grandparents live in abungalow.

The wal& too& us to a log cabin in

The sight of pristine beaches andcalm turquoise waters made us

e has the capability to do well at

school.



85

, 1+1

Sunbathing can cause wrin&les. 8 1+5

8 95

8 1+5 1+,

85

+ 1+*

85

85

2 22

8 1+5, 1+1

5 1+2

1 158

10 11+

10 1+

10 11+

, 1+1

, 1+1

5 59

5 59

5 59

5 1+2

10 1+8

They were protesting againstcapitalism.

If you cast your mind bac& to thelast meeting, youll remember that

This alternative massage isdesigned to stimulate the blood

9rin&ing lots of water can help

She made her decision in a clear-headed way.

There was a closeness betweenthem.

I li&e this photo of a room with

very little furniture in it - its notI was upset by her coldnesstowards us.

They wor&ed in close collaborationwith an architect.

ow do I come across to other people

If you have an allergic reaction,

If I thin& of my time in Aew 7or&,the 0rst thing that comes to mind

Fommunity service is a moree*ective punishment than prison.

hat level of competence would you li&e to attain eventually

She illustrated the concept withe1amples.

She concluded by encouragingmore people to try one of their

e addressed the conference on$riday.

e is a very conscientiousstudent.

She was badly injured, but stillconscious.

e wor&s in the constructionsector - hes a building manager.

The 0rm was contracted to supplythe wood.

e won a major contract for hiscompany.

There wasnt enough evidence toconvict her of the crime.

!y grandmother was absolutelyconvinced that blac& cats were



10 1+8

e crawled up the stairs. 2 159

5 58

e crept into the house. 2 159

10 119

2 22

* 1+0

9 10

1 158

10 11+

10 11+

* *5

* *,

* *,

+ 1

1 158

+ 1

* *,

1 158

85

The boat drifted out to sea. 2 159

The idea that horseshoes bring you luc& doesn%t seem very

Fredit card fraud usually happensbecause people are careless.

It is customary to hanghorseshoes above the front door.

4eople go into some &ind ofretreat to cut themselves o* fromthe outside world.

e avoided the dar& pools ofstagnant water and eventuallyreached the 0rmer groundbeyond.Those houses are totallynondescript and pretty dated.

/earning a language requires

e demonstrated their newapproach but it was all a bitboring.She demonstrated herunderstanding of comple1 socialissues by e1plaining them in

everyday language.Buietly we moved through thedense vegetation.

In the most deprived areas of thecity, unemployment stands ataround C=D.

They lost everything they had inthe #ood and were left destitute.

It was the biggest game of the year and we had played

I dont have the discipline to studyalone.

She became disillusioned with politics.

e lives with his parents and paysno bills, so he has a lot of

I couldnt understand him becausethere were too many distractionsin the room.

They helped with the distributionof supplies.



8 9,

8 9,

8 1+5

10 1+8

+ 1+*

* 1+0

5 59

1 12

+ +8

85

+ +8

5 59

'ur main e1port is oil. 5 59

1 10

8 95

8 95

85

10 1+8

5 59

5 59

5 59

I go bac& to bed and I drift o* tosleep for a couple of hours.

I get tired around =HL== and I dropo* to sleep until =ML== or so.

This cream can help to preventdry s&in.

I thin& most things that fortunetellers say are dubious, to say theleast.

es wearing an elaboratecostume with fur and feathers andgold buttons.

mpty moorland stretchestowards the distant mountains.

There have been large price rises

in the energy sector.

These changes can have a hugelysigni0cant impact but can go

These old photos are veryevocative.

Studies have found that merelybeing reminded of an e1perienceof e1clusion prompts people to

Street photography doesnt relyon having e1otic lenses.

They e1port a lot of the fruit theygrow.

nglish spea&ers have little to noe1posure to the sounds of foreignlanguages.


The facial leaves you with a

ell my idea for changing theworld can be justi0ed on the

4eople%s stories about seeingghosts usually sound rather far-

!ost of our 0nance comes fromthe government.

e borrowed money to 0nancethe project.

She wor&s in the 0nancial sector

as ban&er.



I thin& the jury will 0nd him guilty. 5 1+2

The judge 0ned her H,===. 5 1+2

8 1+5

8 95

2 22

+ 1+*

* 1+0

* 1+0

8 1+5

8 95

+ 1

85

8 1+5

1 158

1 158

5 1+2

81

She gave a gleeful laugh. + 1

10 11+

10 11+

2 22

, 1+1

I use ma&e-up to hide any 0nelines.


Tal&ing to people is a way of 0ttingin.

7ou need perfect light to create a#awless image.


/oo&ing up, I saw the forestcanopy far above my head.

She gets lots of frec&les insummer.

The facial leaves your s&in feelingfresh and renewed.

I needed to get in touch but Icouldn%t trac& her down. I felt very


!ost people hate it when theystart getting wrin&les.

hen he went to live in 2orea, hequic&ly got accustomed to the

The sounds of $innish are quiteunique, so I found it di0cult to toget to grips with the pronunciation.She gave testimony in court thatshe had seen the accused running

The robot spo&e to me, whirringand glassy-eyed.

She went into far too much detailand presented the informationbadly.

I wont go into the 0ner points ofthe law.

e always goes on about his dogswhen I go and see him.

If I need to thin& quic&ly, I always

go with my gut instinct.



10 119

10 119

9 10

1 12

1 9

85

+ +8

1 12

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1+,

1+,

1+,

* *,

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, 1+1

8 9,

1 158

8 1+5

1+,

+ 1

1 158

2 22

5 1+2

The charm invites good fortuneand brings wealth to the owner.

These bracelets are worn as agood luc& charm.

The graceful, elegant lines of thebuilding are very pleasing to the

!odal verbs are gradually givingway to other less formale1pressions.

3ecause I understood some$rench, I could grasp some of

"ccording to new research, peoplee1posed to warmer temperatures

is war photographs were verygritty.

The use of get passives has grownsubstantially.

4eople who believe in good luc&charms must be very gullible.

The bra&es on the bus weren%twor&ing properly so it was a hair-

e o*ered to help, but it was veryhalf-hearted.

9on%t e1pect any sympathy 5 he%svery hard-hearted.

!any farmers are facing realeconomic hardship after thedrought &illed all their crops.

If you want to be a model, it helpsto have a glowing comple1ion.

I had a hunch that I should resign,and I was right.

I may have a nap later in the day,after lunch.

4enny%s luc&y 5 she has an ear forlanguages.


The sight of elderly people in loveis heart-warming.

I felt helpless because there wasnothing I could do.

"fter about a year, he found hecould a hold a conversation in

I often wanted to critici:e thembut I had to hold myself bac&.

ow long do you thin& theyll hold



5 1+2

9 1++

* 1+0

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+ +8

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+ +810 11+

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There are high ta1es on imports. 5 59

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* *,

5 59

Sales have increased recently. 5 59

5 59

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85

9 10

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1 158

9o you thin& they will hold her insolitary con0nement

I grew up on a housing estate nearamburg.

'n our third day we came to somehuge sand dunes.

These changes can have a hugelysigni0cant impact but can go

Keno is staring at me, at onceuncannily humanli&e but also


e hurtled down a ;,<==-footvolcanic slope.

7ou may perhaps have seen some

e used lots of anecdotes toillustrate his points.

She spent si1 wee&s in 4oland andreally immersed herself in thelanguage and culture.

e have to import this stone fromItaly.


There%s no money to help

impoverished communities build

They have o*ered their wor&ers a pay increase.

igh fuel prices have damagedthe industrial sector.

There%s no need to resort to painful injections or plasticsurgery.e &nows about all the lastestinnovations in computertechnology.

The council wanted a stri&ing andinnovative town hall to bring amodern edge to their city.

! was the only person at the party whowas over "0. ! felt a bit insecure.

She has little insight into theirlives.

6obots can never replace humanbeings in any conte1t that



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She leaped over the roc&s. 2 159

!y sister is left-handed. 1+,

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I%ve always been a light sleeper. 8 9,

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e limped o* the pitch. 2 159

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/oneliness ma&es people feel cold. 85

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They struggle with 0rst languageinterference.


4eople worry that social media arema&ing us lonely and isolated.

She was su*ering feelings ofisolation.

The amount they paid for thehouse was jaw-dropping.

!y brother had money, friends,and now a charming wife. I felt

e travelled right through a chun&of "frica%s most threatened jungle

4eople tend to give up on second

language learning too easily. 7ouI thin& I &now subconsciouslywhen people are lying to me.


I felt a great sense of liberation

when I left my job.

The robots s&in loo&s and feelsstartlingly lifeli&e.

"fter eating nothing for ten hours,I began to feel a bit light-headed.

I%m fed up with serious 0lms. I%dli&e to see something more light-hearted.

There are 0nancial limitations ontheir education.

/iteracy rates have gone up in thearea.

e can%t go on using our creditcards all the time. e have to

This mirror protects the houseagainst magic spells.

7ou ma&e a wish with every &not you tie in the ribbon.



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Tall grasses grew in the marsh. * 1+0

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I could sense her nervousness. 85

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hen the missing money wasnoticed, they made an allegationof fraud against Smith.


ven though I got a pay rise last year, I still 0nd it diEcult to ma&e

She made some throwawayremar&s about her childhood.

I &now a millionaire who owns amansion in the Farribbean.

'ur manufacturing sector hasshrun& considerably.

The soldiers marched through thesquare.

I hate the materialism of oursociety.

4hotos that evo&e emotions arefar more powerful and meaningful

7ou have to have the rightmentality to learn a language.

9id you &now there are ;== billionstars just in our own gala1y It%s

!oisturising daily combined withwee&ly facials helps to tighten and

e made slow progress through

They have no motivation to learnthe language.

e had some mouth-watering

She lost her place whenever shemoved on to a new topicG

veryone in the villagedisapproves of my lifestyle.

There is no necessity to learn thelanguage.


e gave us some no-nonsenseadvice.

is theories are completelynonsensical.



I couldn%t sleep a win&. 8 9,

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9ont put cream on an oily s&in. 8 1+5

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(ood street photography comesdown to having an observant eye.

'n impulse, I married someone I%donly just met and went to live in Oapan.

There was a steady shift towardmore frequent use of the verb +

There are far more subtle,ongoing language changes ta&ing place at any given time.

e considers other points of view5 hes open-minded.

In a recent e1periment, ostracismled to a drop in s&in temperature.


I really li&e the gold leaf in theceiling decorations, but for some people it%s tasteless and over the

top.The children were a bit over-e1cited.

I never oversleep because I haveto get to wor&.

She began by paying tribute to allthe teachers who had inspired herthroughout her school years.

She lives in a smart /ondon penthouse.

hen she tal&s about magic, I%msure what she says is true. She%svery persuasive.

There was a sna&e crawling acrossmy foot. I felt absolutely petri0ed.

She e1plained how she pic&ed upthe language.

There%s no need to resort to

!y friend says a fortune teller%sadvice led him to success, but I

rwitts photographs tended to be

e was given a lighter prisonsentence because he pleaded

guilty to the crime.e were plunging through the air,;>,=== feet above the earth.



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is parents were very protective. + 1

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4oor circulation can be improvedby regular cardiovasculare1ercise.e was arrested on suspicion of possession of a controlled

I wor& at a power station on the

4hotos that evo&e emotions arefar more powerful and meaningfulthan just photos with goodcomposition.There is a history of prejudice inthe 8S south.

She went into far too much detailand presented the information

She presented &ey information ineasy-to-read tables.

They li&e the prestige of &nowing

"nti-ageing creams are designedto prevent wrin&les.

The sight of pristine beaches andcalm turquoise waters made us

The president sought to project amuch tougher image.

e have now 0nished ourresearch project.

7oung people are often prone to

There%s a direct relationship

between a good education system

4ublic sector wor&ers are as&ingthe government for a pay rise.

8nless I put a new piece oflanguage into practiceimmediately, I 0nd I forget it.

I wanted to 0nd out what life inthe heart of a tropical rainforest


7ou can sense the raw emotion inher paintings.

If you e1plain your problem, Im

6eceiving group counselling willnot help the most serious

o*enders.



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e recorded all their names. 5 59

There is no record of her visit. 5 59

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4risoners with mental healthissues receive psychiatric help.

There%s a place in Fhina wherethey%ve recreated a traditionalnglish town.The entire half-mile long stretch ofroad and pavement has beenredeveloped.

3efore going into class, she readsthe register to refresh her memory

The town needs new industries soit regains its appeal as a place to

The council%s policy is toregenerate the port area of thecity.

4oor circulation can be improvedby regular cardiovascular

6emoving the speed limit led to somany accidents that theyreinstated it.It%s good that students are movinginto this area. It will help to

The most interesting thing was the

way other people related to me.

9o you thin& that the reluctanceto learn nglish is just a feature of


It%s a beautiful old building. They just need to renovate it.

The photos are very similar - theyget a bit repetitive.

I couldn%t concentrate on my boo&or T) or wor&. I was terriblyrestless.I naturally wa&e around =;L== or=NL== in the morning and I feelwide awa&e and quite restless.

The fountain in the main squarewas dry and falling to pieces. Aow

e drove to a retail par& to do

There are plenty of jobs in theretail sector.

This is the newly revamped

1hibition 6oad in the heart of



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e were shoc&ed by his rudeness. 85

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They rushed to catch the train. 2 159

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These people have no job security. 85

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'ur house is semi-detached. 9 1++

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In front of the cottage was a richgreen meadow where cowsgra:ed.The roc&y ground is unsuitable forfarming.

This is the sport of rolling downhillat high speed.

The rugged coastline is famous forits beauty.

e usually li&es to run down some politician or other.

hen Im away from $rance, my$rench gets rusty.

!assage can help to prevent

e has saggy s&in on the bac&s of

e were very satis0ed with ourholiday.


This cream helps reduce scars,acne and s&in rashes, as well as

e%re better at seeing other

perspectives when we%re chilly.

es not self-con0dent enough to perform in public.



The robot may start to evolvespontaneously and unpredictably,

e complained about thesel0shness of his brothers.

In her presentation, she sold theidea of more #e1ible wor&ing

The new art gallery loo&ssensational.

Its not sensible to lie in the sun

for too long.



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!y husband sleeps li&e a log. 8 9,e slid down the slope. 2 159

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/ots of teenagers get spots. 8 1+5

es very sensitive and gets upsetif people critici:e him.

The judge sentenced her to lifeimprisonment.

!any couples had to endure long periods of separation.

es a member of the seperatismmovement.

She served a reduced sentencefor good behaviour.

The judge insisted that she servethe full ten years.

$rom where I stood, sheer cli*sdropped to the sea.

Fan you tell me what that signsays I%m afraid I%m short-sighted.

The defence showed evidence incourt which supported the

hen shes tired, she really showsher age.

6obots sometimes seem silly-minded.

very city needs an iconics&yscraper or two.

I told him you were coming today,but it must have slipped his mind.

Someone held a door open for meand a little ?than& you% slipped out.

This facial gives you really smooths&in.

7ou%ll go soaring inside a verticalwind tunnel.

Temperature may be a crucial wayour bodies &eep trac& of whether

She is strongly opposed tosocialism.

It was the most beautiful thing I%dever seen. I was speechless.



e staggered across the 0eld. 2 159

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They strolled through the par&. 2 159

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Strengthening and toninge1ercises help to give you energy.

I really struggle with nglishidioms.

I cant even a*ord a studio in this

The graceful, elegant lines of thebuilding are very pleasing to the

There are far more subtle,ongoing language changes ta&ing place at any given time.

'ne idea if you%re su*ering from

insomnia is to get out there andta&e some photos.

She summarised the &ey ideas inher presentation with a list ofbullet points.ords such as going to, have to,need to and want to are ta&inghold.I love ta&ing spontaneousdecisions. They%re more funG

I really li&e the gold leaf in theceiling decorations, but for some

Ta1 evasion is not a crime, just

creative accounting.

e were deep in the heart of the jungle now.

/oo&ing down, I saw the mouth ofa cave in the cli* face.

7ou need to weigh up the pros andcons of changing your job.

I%m successful in business becauseI thin& logically.

I%ll need time to thin& it overbefore I decide.

I%d always thin& twice beforetrusting a stranger.

The thinning and greying of hishair made him loo& much older.

I%ve failed the driving test twicenow. "h well, third time luc&y.



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I &now it%s not raining, but ta&e anumbrella just to be on the safeside.


4eople feel tongue-tied aroundconversational robots.


!y wife used to force me to getout of bed as I used to lie there

tossing and turning all night.

They%ve agreed to sell the house,so this time ne1t wee& it%ll be ours5 touch wood.

'ur new oEce is in a tower bloc&overloo&ing the river.

orseshoes were traditionallynailed above doorways.

The company provides wor&erswith transport to its factory.

The coal is transported to the power station.

$uel prices are e1tremelyimportant to the transport sector.

I%ll always treasure the memory ofthe warm welcome they gave us.


The smell of freshly ba&ed breadalways triggers a memory of my

I was separated from the outsideworld by dense tropicalvegetation.They hac&ed their way throughthe undergrowth.

This area is one of the lastuntouched wildernesses of the

I vaguely remember seeing that0lm years ago,

I was separated from the outsideworld by dense tropicalvegetation.



5 58

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1+,

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+ +8

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7ou%ll go whi::ing over s&i slopes. 2 25

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e was convicted of violentassault on a stranger.

e saw his speech as anopportunity to voice concerns

The mirrors face outwards so theycan ward o* evil.

The boo&s are stored in awarehouse.

She will always help her friends 5shes warm hearted.

I thin& it%s important to weigh upthe advantages anddisadvantages before you ta&eaction.eight loss can be aided by

eating a varied and balanced diet.

is street scenes are well-composed but rather boring.

!y grandparents used to berelatively well-o*, but they lost alltheir money in bad investments.

They prepared themselves to whirlupside down, again and again.

Try our new whitening toothpaste.

7ou%ll be ama:ed.

They went whooshing down white-water rapids on a #imsy raft.

I naturally wa&e around =;L== or=NL== in the morning and I feel


In the distance, beyond woodedslopes, the mountains rose up into

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