Empörungsnetzwerke, Open Science und Open Data: Wie Wissenschaft, Hochschul-PR und Datenjournalismus zusammenarbeiten können Julian Ausserhofer (@julauss), Cornelius Puschmann, Noura Maan & Markus Hametner Universität Göttingen, 15.09.16 #allesdigital, Jahrestagung des Bundesverbands Hochschulkommunikation Workshop „Datenjournalismus in der Hochschulkommunikation”
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Empörungsnetzwerke, Open Science und Open Data: Wie Wissenschaft, Hochschul-PR und Datenjournalismus zusammenarbeiten können
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Empörungsnetzwerke, Open Science und Open Data: Wie Wissenschaft, Hochschul-PR und Datenjournalismus zusammenarbeiten können
Julian Ausserhofer (@julauss),Cornelius Puschmann, Noura Maan & Markus HametnerUniversität Göttingen, 15.09.16#allesdigital, Jahrestagung des Bundesverbands HochschulkommunikationWorkshop „Datenjournalismus in der Hochschulkommunikation”
Markus Hametner, Noura Maan, Cornelius Puschmann, Julian Ausserhofer
(Online-)Kommunikation dieser Bewegungen
‣Themen
‣Quellen
‣Verbindungen in Europa und/oder zu Parteien
Forschungsinteresse
Methoden
Methoden
Output
Quellen im PEGIDA-Diskurs
‣Links aus 140.000 Tweets zu “pegida”, “#pegida" und "#nopegida" extrahiert
‣Quellen und User kategorisiert
(Puschmann, Ausserhofer, Maan, & Hametner, 2016)
Information Laundering and Counter-Publics: The News Sources of Islamophobic Groups on Twitter
Cornelius Puschmann1, Julian Ausserhofer1, Noura Maan2, Markus Hametner2 Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society, Französische Str. 9 10117 Berlin, Germany
Abstract Which news sources do supporters of populist islamophobic groups and their opponents rely on, and how are these sources related to each other? We explore these questions by studying the websites referenced in discussions sur-rounding Pegida, a right-wing populist movement based in Germany that is opposed to what its supporters regard as is-lamization, cultural marginalization and political correct-ness. We draw on a manual content analysis of the news sources and the stances of Twitter users, to then calculate the overlap of sources across audiences. Finally, we perform a cluster analysis of the resulting user groups, based on shared sources. Preferences by language, nationality, region and politics emerge, showing the distinction between differ-ent groups among the users. Our tentative findings have im-plications both for the study of mass media audiences through the lens of social media, and for research on the public sphere and its possible fragmentation in online dis-course. This contribution, which is the result of an interdis-ciplinary collaboration between communication scholars in Germany and journalists in Austria, is part of a larger ongo-ing effort to understand forms of online extremism through the analysis of social media data. Keywords: populism, islamophobia, Twitter, altmedia
Introduction Debates on controversial political issues, such as immigra-tion policy and climate change, frequently revolve around the choice of news sources. Right-wing populists thrive on polarized discourses that allow them to mobilize their sup-porters in opposition to "politically-correct" liberal elites that are presumed to control the media (Allen, 2011, Dan-iels, 2009, Padovani, 2008). In such debates, mainstream and populist factions often draw on markedly different repertoires of news sources, leading some scholars to assert the existence of echo chambers shaped by ideological dif-
ferences (Pariser, 2011; Vicario et al., 2016). Social media such as Facebook and Twitter are particularly suitable to rally support for populist stances, as not all sources pro-moted through them conform with journalistic standards of careful sourcing, editorial balance, and factual accuracy.
In addition to the websites of traditional media organiza-tions, such as private and public broadcasters as well as newspaper publishers, social media audiences draw on a range of non-traditional media actors that rely exclusively on the Internet. The ownership structure of many of these organizations is opaque. Many are supported by a variety of unusual sources of revenue, including reliance on direct state sponsorship, private patronage, and the free labor supplied by volunteer contributors. These actors increas-ingly disseminate information in foreign languages to reach audiences abroad. Examples for this strategy are RT (previously Russia Today) and Sputnik, both of which are financed by the Russian government, and Epoch Times, widely assumed to be influenced by Falun Gong, a group of spiritual practitioners with origins in China.
The aims of these actors include influencing the public agenda, for example by fostering support for the Russian government and opposition to the European Union, or promoting a socially conservative world-view in accord-ance with the teachings of Falun Gong, while some sites also seek to maximize advertising-based revenues through particularly incendiary headlines. In addition to these or-ganizations, a number of other non-institutionalized sources of news and opinion, such as partisan blogs and populist grass-roots initiatives also feature prominently in controversial discourses on social media platforms. Taken together, the availability of these sources enables what Klein (2012) refers to as ‘information laundering’, that is, the legitimization of xenophobic and islamophobic atti-tudes through the guise of legitimate sources. Based on these observations, we formulate the following three re-search questions:
The Workshops of the Tenth International AAAI Conference on Web and Social MediaSocial Media in the Newroom: Technical Report WS-16-19
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Pro-Pegida UK
Pro-Pegida Deutschland
Con-Pegida
(Puschmann, Ausserhofer, Maan, & Hametner, 2016)
(Maa
n &
Sch
mid
t, 20
16a,
201
6b)
Die Themen von anti-islamischen Bewegungen
‣3.400 Posts, 415.000 Kommentare & 1.460.000 Likes der Pegida-Facebookseite
‣Datenintensive Kooperationen bringen Vorteile für Wissenschaft und Journalismus
‣Größte Herausforderung der Kooperation: Zeit & Geld
‣Chance für die Hochschulkommunikation
Ausblick
🎉
Forschungsservices
Hochschulkommunikation
Daten
Wording Strategie
Wissenschaft
Vielen Dank!
Julian Ausserhofer (@julauss / [email protected]) Universität Göttingen, 15.09.16#allesdigital, Jahrestagung des Bundesverbands HochschulkommunikationWorkshop „Datenjournalismus in der Hochschulkommunikation”
Universität Göttingen, 15.09.16#allesdigital, Jahrestagung des Bundesverbands HochschulkommunikationWorkshop „Datenjournalismus in der Hochschulkommunikation”
Referenzen 1Ausserhofer, J. (i.E.). Die Datenbank verdient die Hauptrolle: Bausteine einer Methodologie für Open Digital
Humanities. In S. Eichhorn, B. Oberreither, M. Rauchenbacher, I. Schwentner, & K. Serles (Hrsg.), Aufgehoben? Speicherorte, -diskurse und -medien von Literatur. Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann.
Dant, A., & Richards, J. (2011, Dezember 8). Behind the rumours: How we built our Twitter riots interactive. The Guardian. Abgerufen von http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/datablog/2011/dec/08/twitter-riots-interactive
Kasberger, S. (2013, August 8). Was ist Open Science? Abgerufen 13. September 2016, von http://openscienceasap.org/open-science/
Klein, S. (2016, März 28). The New York Evening Post, January 11, 1806. Abgerufen 5. April 2016, von http://tinyletter.com/abovechart/letters/the-new-york-evening-post-january-11-1806
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Maan, N., & Schmid, F. (2016a, Juli 9). Was Pegida für die Wahrheit hält. Der Standard, S. 4–5. Wien.
Maan, N., & Schmid, F. (2016b, Juli 10). Das Gegenteil von Lügenpresse. derStandard.at. Abgerufen von http://derstandard.at/2000037622930/Das-Gegenteil-von-Luegenpresse
Referenzen 2Puschmann, C., Ausserhofer, J., Hametner, M., & Maan, N. (2016, Juli). What are the topics of populist anti-immigrant
movements on Facebook? Gehalten auf der Social Media & Society Conference, Goldsmiths, University of London, United Kingdom.
Puschmann, C., Ausserhofer, J., Maan, N., & Hametner, M. (2016). Information laundering and counter-publics: The news sources of islamophobic groups on Twitter. In Proceedings of Social Media in the Newsroom (SMnews 2016) (Workshop at the 10th International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media (ICWSM16)) (S. 143–150). Menlo Park: AAAI Press. Abgerufen von http://www.aaai.org/ocs/index.php/ICWSM/ICWSM16/paper/view/13224
Rogers, S. (2013). Facts are sacred: The power of data. London: Faber and Faber.
Volkswagenstiftung. (2015). Ausschreibung: Wissenschaft und Datenjournalismus. Abgerufen von https://www.volkswagenstiftung.de/fileadmin/downloads/merkblaetter/MB_105_d.pdf
Weinacht, S., & Spiller, R. (2013). Wie wissenschaftlich ist Datenjournalismus? Ergebnisse einer bundesweiten Befragung. WPK Quarterly, (1), 14–15.
Whyte, A., & Pryor, G. (2011). Open science in practice: Researcher perspectives and participation. International Journal of Digital Curation, 6(1), 199–213. doi:10.2218/ijdc.v6i1.182